[ summary of the invention ]
Aiming at the problems, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for preparing a moringa seed solid beverage, which effectively removes alkaloid, moringa flavone and other substances in moringa seeds by optimizing a preparation process, solves the problem of the vacancy of the moringa industry in the aspect of solid beverage, ensures that the prepared moringa seed solid beverage can be directly brewed with warm water, is convenient to drink, has a good health-care effect and high edible value, and is a high-quality beverage suitable for people of all ages.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a moringa seed solid beverage comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing moringa seed extract: peeling, cleaning and airing moringa seeds, then placing the seeds into an extraction tank for low-temperature micro-acid extraction, wherein the extraction pressure is-0.05 MP to-0.03 MP, the extraction temperature is 50-57 ℃, the extraction time is 2-2.5 hours, the pH value in the extraction tank is 3-5 in the extraction process to obtain an extracting solution, repeatedly extracting twice, combining the extracting solutions, placing the combined extracting solution into a concentration tank for low-pressure low-temperature concentration, the concentration pressure of the concentration tank is-0.04 MP to-0.02 MP, the concentration temperature is 55-60 ℃, the concentration time is 4-5 hours to obtain an extract with the concentration proportion of 18-20, naturally cooling the extract, freezing and solidifying at the low temperature of-10 ℃ to-20 ℃ for 12-14 hours, taking out, placing the extract into a sterile room for standing at the normal temperature for 2-4 hours, separating and removing ice blocks to obtain a purified extract, filtering the purified extract by using a filter screen, obtaining moringa seed extract with the purity of more than or equal to 90 percent for later use;
(2) preparing moringa seed micro powder: shelling and cleaning moringa seeds, drying for 22-25 h at 60-70 ℃, and preparing into moringa seed micro powder of 1500 meshes by using a high-precision pulverizer for later use;
(3) preparing the solid beverage: the beverage comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20-45% of moringa seed extract, 5-15% of moringa seed micro powder, 40-65% of monosaccharide, 3-10% of maltodextrin and 3-10% of polysaccharide; the preparation method of the beverage comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the weight percentage, firstly putting monosaccharide, maltodextrin and polysaccharide into a stirrer, mixing and stirring for 8-15 min, then adding the moringa seed extract and the moringa seed micro powder, mixing and stirring until the mixture has no yellow plaque, obtaining a light orange mixture without massive lumps and loose, putting the mixture into a granulator, granulating, putting the granules into a drying tank, drying at 60-70 ℃ until the water content is 70-85%, obtaining primary dried granules, putting the primary dried granules into a sterile room, standing for 1-2 h, putting the primary dried granules into a drying oven, drying at 56-60 ℃ for 1.2-1.5 h, obtaining secondary dried granules with the water content less than or equal to 4%, performing sterile treatment on the secondary dried granules in the sterile room, and bagging according to the required specification to obtain the finished product.
Further, the natural cooling in the step (1) is: and (3) containing the concentrated extract by using an austenite 304 food-grade stainless steel barrel, and placing the barrel in a sterile room for natural cooling.
Further, the mesh number of the filter screen in the step (1) is 300 meshes.
Further, the particle size of the particles in the step (3) is 50 meshes.
Preferably, the beverage comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30% of moringa seed extract, 10% of moringa seed micropowder, 50% of monosaccharide, 5% of maltodextrin and 5% of polysaccharide.
Preferably, the beverage comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 40% of moringa seed extract, 5% of moringa seed micropowder, 45% of monosaccharide, 5% of maltodextrin and 5% of polysaccharide.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, by optimizing the preparation process, the alkaloid, moringa flavone and other substances in moringa seeds are effectively removed, the vacancy of the moringa industry in the aspect of solid beverage is solved, and the prepared moringa seed solid beverage can be directly brewed with warm water, is convenient to drink, has a good health-care effect and high edible value, and is a high-quality beverage suitable for people of all ages.
The moringa seed extract is extracted in an acidic environment, and the acid can neutralize the alkaloid in the moringa seeds, so that the effects of removing the alkaloid and protecting the oleic acid of the moringa seeds are achieved, and the taste and the nutritional value of the beverage are improved; meanwhile, the moringa seed extract is extracted at low temperature, so that the protein and other nutritional ingredients of the moringa seed can be kept from being damaged, and the nutritional value of the beverage is further improved. In addition, the moringa seed extract is separated and purified by adopting a low-temperature freezing and solidifying method, so that the nutrient components can be protected from being damaged under the low-temperature condition, and the redundant water and impurities in the extract can be effectively separated out to obtain the high-purity extract.
The prepared solid particles are dried twice, and are placed in a sterile room after being dried for the first time and then are dried for the second time after standing for a period of time, so that the moringa seed extract and the mixture can be combined more perfectly, the prepared beverage solid is light yellow or white particles (white particles are obtained when the used monosaccharide is glucose), and the beverage solid is light yellow or milk white liquid (milk white liquid is obtained when the used monosaccharide is glucose) after being brewed with hot water, the taste is slightly sweet and sweet, and the taste and the appearance are improved.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
The preparation method of the moringa seed solid beverage comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing moringa seed extract: peeling moringa seeds, cleaning, placing in an aseptic room to dry surface moisture, placing in an extraction tank to perform low-temperature slightly-acid extraction, namely adding 300L of purified water into the extraction tank, heating to boil, cooling the purified water to 50 ℃ through an extraction tank cooler, adding hydrochloric acid, adjusting the pH value of liquid in the tank to be 3, placing the dried moringa seeds in the extraction tank, extracting 50Kg of moringa seeds once, controlling the pH in the extraction tank to be below 7, controlling the pressure of the extraction tank to be-0.05 MP, controlling the temperature to be 50 ℃, keeping the extraction tank in a boiling state for 2h, closing steam heating, closing a vacuum machine, opening an air valve to enable the pressure in the tank to be normal, filling the liquid in the tank by using a test tube to obtain an extracting solution, repeatedly extracting twice, combining the extracting solutions, placing the combined extracting solution in a concentration tank to perform low-pressure and low-temperature concentration, namely opening a vacuum valve of the concentration tank, controlling the pressure in the concentration tank to be-0.04 MP, opening a steam valve, sending steam into a heating cavity of the concentration tank, controlling the steam pressure to be 0.06MP, the steam temperature to be 120 ℃, the temperature in the tank to be 55 ℃, the liquid in the concentration process to be in a boiling state, the concentration time to be 4h, obtaining an extract with the concentration specific gravity of 18, enabling the pH value of the extract to be in a normal state at the moment, containing the concentrated extract by using an austenite 304 food-grade stainless steel barrel, naturally cooling in a sterile room, freezing and solidifying at the low temperature of-10 ℃ for 12h, taking out, placing in the sterile room, standing for 2h at the normal temperature, separating and removing ice blocks to obtain a purified extract, filtering the purified extract by using a 300-mesh filter screen to obtain the moringa seed extract with the purity of not less than 90%, and reserving for later use.
(2) Preparing moringa seed micro powder: removing shell of Moringa seed, cleaning, oven drying at 60 deg.C for 22 hr, and making into 1500 mesh Moringa seed micropowder with high precision pulverizer.
(3) Preparing the solid beverage: the beverage comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20% of moringa seed extract, 15% of moringa seed micropowder, 50% of glucose, 10% of maltodextrin and 5% of starch; the preparation method of the beverage comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the weight percentage, firstly putting glucose, maltodextrin and starch into a stirrer to be mixed and stirred for 8min, then adding the moringa seed extract and the moringa seed micro powder to be mixed and stirred until the mixture has no yellow plaque, obtaining a white and loose mixture without large lumps, putting the mixture into a granulator to be prepared into particles with the particle size of 50 meshes, putting the particles into a drying tank to be dried at 60 ℃ until the water content is 70 percent, obtaining primary dried particles, putting the primary dried particles into a sterile room to stand for 1h, then putting the primary dried particles into a drying box to be dried at 56 ℃ for 1.2h, obtaining secondary dried particles with the water content less than or equal to 4 percent, performing sterile treatment on the secondary dried particles through the sterile room, and bagging the secondary dried particles according to the required specification to obtain the finished product.
Example 2
The preparation method of the moringa seed solid beverage comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing moringa seed extract: peeling moringa seeds, cleaning, placing in an aseptic room to dry surface moisture, placing in an extraction tank to perform low-temperature slightly-acid extraction, namely adding 300L of purified water into the extraction tank, heating to boil, cooling the purified water to 50 ℃ through an extraction tank cooler, adding hydrochloric acid, adjusting the pH value of liquid in the tank to be 5, placing the dried moringa seeds in the extraction tank, extracting 50Kg of moringa seeds once, controlling the pH in the extraction tank to be below 7 in the extraction process, controlling the pressure of the extraction tank to be-0.03 MP, controlling the temperature to be 57 ℃, keeping the extraction tank in a boiling state for 2.5h, closing steam heating, closing a vacuum machine, opening an air valve to enable the pressure in the tank to be normal pressure, loading liquid in the tank by using a test tube to obtain an extracting solution, repeating extraction twice, combining the extracting solutions, placing the combined extracting solution in a concentration tank to perform low-temperature concentration, namely opening a vacuum valve of the concentration tank, controlling the pressure in the concentration tank to be-0.02 MP, opening a steam valve, sending steam into a heating cavity of the concentration tank, controlling the steam pressure to be 0.06MP, the steam temperature to be 120 ℃, the temperature in the tank to be 60 ℃, the liquid in the concentration process to be in a boiling state, and the concentration time to be 5h, so as to obtain an extract with the concentration specific gravity of 20, wherein the PH value of the extract is in a normal state of 7, containing the concentrated extract in an austenite 304 food-grade stainless steel barrel, naturally cooling in a sterile room, freezing and solidifying at the low temperature of-20 ℃ for 14h, taking out, standing in the sterile room at normal temperature for 4h, separating and removing ice blocks, so as to obtain a purified extract, and filtering the purified extract by using a 300-mesh filter screen, so as to obtain the moringa seed extract with the purity of not less than 90%, and reserving.
(2) Preparing moringa seed micro powder: removing shell of Moringa seed, cleaning, oven drying at 70 deg.C for 25 hr, and making into 1500 mesh Moringa seed micropowder with high precision pulverizer.
(3) Preparing the solid beverage: the beverage comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30% of moringa seed extract, 10% of moringa seed micropowder, 50% of fructose, 5% of maltodextrin and 5% of pectin; the preparation method of the beverage comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the weight percentage, firstly putting fructose, maltodextrin and pectin into a stirrer, mixing and stirring for 15min, then adding the moringa seed extract and the moringa seed micro powder, mixing and stirring until the mixture has no yellow patches, obtaining a light yellow mixture without massive agglomerates and is loose, putting the mixture into a granulator, preparing particles with the particle size of 50 meshes, putting the particles into a drying tank, drying at 70 ℃ until the water content is 85 percent, obtaining primary dried particles, putting the primary dried particles into a sterile room, standing for 2h, putting the primary dried particles into a drying oven, drying at 60 ℃ for 1.5h, obtaining secondary dried particles with the water content less than or equal to 4 percent, performing sterile treatment on the secondary dried particles through the sterile room, and bagging according to the required specification, thus obtaining the finished product.
Example 3
The preparation method of the moringa seed solid beverage comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing moringa seed extract: peeling moringa seeds, cleaning, placing in an aseptic room to dry surface moisture, placing in an extraction tank to perform low-temperature slightly-acid extraction, namely adding 300L of purified water into the extraction tank, heating to boil, cooling the purified water to 50 ℃ through an extraction tank cooler, adding hydrochloric acid, adjusting the pH value of liquid in the tank to be 4, placing the dried moringa seeds in the extraction tank, extracting 50Kg of moringa seeds once, controlling the pH in the extraction tank to be below 7 in the extraction process, controlling the pressure of the extraction tank to be-0.04 MP, controlling the temperature to be 55 ℃, keeping the extraction tank in a boiling state for 2.3h, closing steam heating, closing a vacuum machine, opening an air valve to enable the pressure in the tank to be normal pressure, loading liquid in the tank by using a test tube to obtain an extracting solution, repeatedly extracting twice, combining the extracting solutions, placing the combined extracting solution in a concentration tank to perform low-pressure low-temperature concentration, namely opening a vacuum valve of the concentration tank, controlling the pressure in the concentration tank to be-0.03 MP, opening a steam valve, sending steam into a heating cavity of the concentration tank, controlling the steam pressure to be 0.06MP, the steam temperature to be 120 ℃, the temperature in the tank to be 58 ℃, the liquid in the concentration process to be in a boiling state, and the concentration time to be 4.5h, so as to obtain an extract with the concentration specific gravity of 19, wherein the PH value of the extract is 6.5 in a normal state, containing the concentrated extract by using an austenite 304 food-grade stainless steel barrel, placing the extract in a sterile room for natural cooling, freezing and solidifying at the low temperature of-15 ℃ for 13h, taking out, placing the extract in the sterile room for standing at normal temperature for 3h, separating and removing ice blocks, so as to obtain a purified extract, and filtering the purified extract by using a 300-mesh filter screen, so as to obtain moringa extract seeds with the purity of more than or equal to 90% for later use.
(2) Preparing moringa seed micro powder: removing shell of Moringa seed, cleaning, oven drying at 65 deg.C for 24 hr, and making into 1500 mesh Moringa seed micropowder with high precision pulverizer.
(3) Preparing the solid beverage: the beverage comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 40% of moringa seed extract, 5% of moringa seed micropowder, 45% of mannose, 5% of maltodextrin and 5% of starch; the preparation method of the beverage comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the weight percentage, firstly putting mannose, maltodextrin and starch into a stirrer, mixing and stirring for 12min, then adding the moringa seed extract and the moringa seed micro powder, mixing and stirring until the mixture has no yellow patches, obtaining a light orange mixture without massive agglomerates and is loose, putting the mixture into a granulator, preparing into particles with the particle size of 50 meshes, putting the particles into a drying tank, drying at 65 ℃ until the water content is 80%, obtaining primary dried particles, putting the primary dried particles into a sterile room, standing for 1.5h, putting the primary dried particles into a drying oven, drying at 58 ℃ for 1.4h, obtaining secondary dried particles with the water content less than or equal to 4%, performing sterile treatment on the secondary dried particles in the sterile room, and bagging according to the required specification, thus obtaining the finished product.
The nutrient components of the beverage are shown in the table 1:
TABLE 1 nutrient composition Table
Item
|
Content (per 100g)
|
Reference value%
|
Moringa seed oleic acid
|
3.5g
|
5%
|
Protein
|
15.7g
|
19%
|
(Energy)
|
1259KJ
|
15%
|
Fat
|
1.0g
|
2%
|
Carbohydrate compound
|
50.2g
|
20%
|
Sodium salt
|
9mg
|
0% |
The mouthfeel and appearance of the beverages prepared by the methods of example 1, example 2 and example 3, respectively, are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 mouthfeel and quality of the beverage of the invention (liquid form refers to the color of the liquid after brewing with warm water)
Item
|
Solid form
|
Liquid form
|
Taste of the product
|
Example 1
|
White granular
|
Milk white liquid
|
Slightly bitter, sweet and slightly sweet
|
Example 2
|
Light yellow granule
|
Light yellow liquid
|
Slightly bitter, sweet and slightly sweet
|
Example 3
|
Light yellow granule
|
Light yellow liquid
|
Slightly bitter, sweet and slightly sweet |
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2: the method can effectively remove alkaloid, moringa flavone and other substances in the moringa seeds, so that the prepared moringa seed solid beverage has high nutritive value (3.5 g of moringa seed oleic acid is contained in every 100g of moringa seed), tastes slightly bitter, sweet and sweet, has endless aftertaste, good health-care effect and high edible value, can be directly brewed with warm water, is convenient to drink, and is a high-quality beverage suitable for people of all ages.
The above description is intended to describe in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.