CN108756792B - Deep sea drilling water hole blockage monitoring and drilling pump damage identification method - Google Patents

Deep sea drilling water hole blockage monitoring and drilling pump damage identification method Download PDF

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CN108756792B
CN108756792B CN201810516470.1A CN201810516470A CN108756792B CN 108756792 B CN108756792 B CN 108756792B CN 201810516470 A CN201810516470 A CN 201810516470A CN 108756792 B CN108756792 B CN 108756792B
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drilling
mass flow
inlet
water hole
outlet
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CN108756792A (en
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周建良
殷志明
许亮斌
罗洪斌
李梦博
张玉亭
李�昊
孙宝江
章振杰
高永海
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China National Offshore Oil Corp CNOOC
CNOOC Research Institute Co Ltd
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CNOOC Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/08Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure

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Abstract

the invention relates to a deep sea drilling water hole blockage monitoring and drilling pump damage identification method which comprises the following steps of 1) arranging a first mass flow meter at an inlet of a drilling circulating system, arranging a second mass flow meter at an outlet of the drilling circulating system, respectively acquiring mass flow data of the drilling inlet and the drilling outlet in real time by the first mass flow meter and the second mass flow meter, and transmitting the acquired data to a data processing and analyzing end, 2) monitoring the drilling water hole blockage condition of a drilling well by the data processing and analyzing end, wherein the first step ② that when the pumping pressure ② increased, if the inlet mass flow does not change along with time, the outlet mass flow does not change along with time, and the outlet flow and the inlet flow are always equal, the reason that the pumping pressure ② increased ② caused by the drilling water hole blockage, the second step ② that the number of the drilling water hole blockage ② further judged under the condition that the drilling water hole blockage occurs, and 3) the data processing and analyzing end ② used for carrying out the drilling pump damage condition.

Description

Deep sea drilling water hole blockage monitoring and drilling pump damage identification method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for monitoring blockage of a deep sea drilling water hole and identifying damage of a drilling pump, and belongs to the field of offshore oil development.
Background
In the deep sea drilling operation, the conditions of blockage of a drill bit water hole and damage of a drilling pump frequently occur, and if the conditions cannot be found in time, disastrous results can be caused, so that the monitoring technology for the blockage of the drill bit water hole and the damage of the drilling pump in the deep sea drilling is more and more concerned. With the rapid development of the drilling industry, a plurality of methods for monitoring the blockage of a water hole and the damage of a drilling pump exist, but the monitoring methods are not high enough in precision and can cause misjudgment, and the monitoring methods are not timely and cannot effectively take remedial measures.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a method for monitoring the blockage of a deep sea drilling water hole and identifying the damage of a drilling pump with higher accuracy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a deep sea drilling water hole blockage monitoring and drilling pump damage identification method comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the following steps that a first mass flowmeter is arranged at an inlet of a drilling circulation system, a second mass flowmeter is arranged at an outlet of the drilling circulation system, the first mass flowmeter and the second mass flowmeter respectively collect mass flow data at the inlet and the outlet of the drilling circulation system in real time, and the collected data are transmitted to a data processing and analyzing end;
2) the data processing and analyzing end monitors the blockage of the drill hole of the well drilling through the following data processing processes:
①, when the pump pressure rises, if the mass flow of an inlet does not change along with time, the mass flow of an outlet does not change along with time, and the flow of the outlet and the flow of the inlet are always equal, determining that the reason of the rise of the pump pressure is caused by the blockage of a drill bit water hole;
secondly, under the condition that the drill bit water hole blockage is determined, further judging the number of the drill bit water hole blockage, specifically:
pumping pressure delta p when the water hole is not blocked by the drill bits0In combination with the formula Δ ps0=P+Δpb0Calculating the bit pressure drop Δ pb0
And calculating K according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0001673339180000011
the data processing and analyzing end reads the pumping pressure delta p after the drill hole is blockedsmIn combination with the formula Δ psm=P+ΔpbmCalculating the pressure drop delta p when the water hole of the drill bit is blockedbm
And then the number m of the blocked drill holes is calculated according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0001673339180000012
in the above formula, P is a constant; n represents the number of drill holes; k represents a constant, and the expression is as follows:
Figure BDA0001673339180000021
rho in the formuladThe density of the drilling fluid is represented, Q represents the drilling fluid flow of the nozzle, C represents the nozzle flow coefficient, and d represents the diameter of a water hole;
3) the data processing and analyzing end monitors the damage condition of the drilling pump through the following data processing processes:
setting a series of time nodes ti(i ═ 0,1, 2.., n), at tiThe mass flow at the drilling inlet corresponding to the moment is Qpithe percentage of pumping loss is eta and the initial mass flow at the drilling inlet is Qp0And:
η=1-Qpi/Qp0
the pump failure percentage, η, is used to quantify the degree of pump failure.
② in the step 2), P ═ Δ Pg+Δpst+ΔpaΔ p in the formulagRepresenting surface manifold pressure loss, Δ pstRepresenting the internal pressure loss in the drill string, Δ paIndicating the loss of the annulus pressure.
in the step 3), when the value of η exceeds 10%, the drilling pump is indicated to be seriously failed.
The first mass flowmeter and the second mass flowmeter both adopt Coriolis mass flowmeters.
The inlet of the first mass flow meter is connected with the drilling inlet main pipe through a first valve, the outlet of the first mass flow meter is connected with the drilling inlet main pipe through a second valve, and a third valve is arranged on the drilling inlet main pipe between the inlet and the outlet of the first mass flow meter; the inlet of the second mass flow meter is connected with the drilling outlet main pipe through a fourth valve, the outlet of the second mass flow meter is connected with the drilling outlet main pipe through a fifth valve, and a sixth valve is arranged on the drilling outlet main pipe between the inlet and the outlet of the second mass flow meter.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages: the invention monitors the flow change of the drilling inlet and the drilling outlet by arranging the first mass flow meter and the second mass flow meter at the drilling inlet and the drilling outlet, and further monitors the blockage condition of a drill bit water hole and the damage condition of a drilling pump by the flow change. The invention has the advantages of high precision, large measuring range and high cost performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the flow conditions during drilling when a bit hole becomes plugged;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the flow conditions during drilling when borehole pump damage occurs;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coriolis mass flowmeter.
The reference numerals in the figures have the following meanings:
1. a mud pit; 2. drilling fluid; 3. a slurry pump line; 4. a slurry pump; 5. a first mass flow meter; 51. a measurement tube; 52. a sensor; 53. a vibration exciter; 54. a flange plate; 6. a third valve; 7. a second valve; 8. a first valve; 9. a first mass flow meter support; 10. a riser; 11. rotating the control head; 12. a diverter; 13. a blowout preventer stack; 14. a drill stem; 15. a drill bit; 16. a drill water hole; 17. a wellbore; 18. an earth formation; 19. a second mass flow meter; 20. a sixth valve; 21. a fourth valve; 22. a fifth valve; 23. a second mass flow meter support; 24. a throttle line; 25. a drilling fluid outlet; 26. a sensor data line; 27. a data processing and analyzing end; 28. a drilling platform; 29. a tension cord; 30. an expansion joint; 31. a riser; 32. seawater, 33, water hole blockage position; 34. a drilling pump damage location.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiment
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
The invention provides a method for monitoring blockage of a deep sea drilling water hole and identifying damage of a drilling pump, which comprises the following steps:
1) as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a first mass flow meter is arranged at an inlet of the drilling circulation system, a second mass flow meter is arranged at an outlet of the drilling circulation system, and the first mass flow meter and the second mass flow meter respectively acquire mass flow data at the inlet and the outlet of the drilling circulation system in real time and transmit the acquired data to a data processing and analyzing end.
2) The data processing and analyzing end monitors the blockage condition of a drill hole of the well drilling through the following data processing processes:
①, when the pump pressure rises, whether the drill hole blockage occurs is judged
The drilling fluid has a certain pumping pressure when being discharged from the drilling pump. The pump pressure is increased due to the blockage of the drill bit water hole, but the pump pressure is also possibly caused by the working conditions of gas invasion and the like, so whether the water hole blockage occurs or not needs to be further judged through mass flow data at an outlet and an inlet of a well, and particularly, when the mass flow of the inlet does not change along with the time, the mass flow of the outlet does not change along with the time, and the mass flow of the outlet and the mass flow of the inlet are equal to each other all the time, the reason of the pump pressure increase can be determined to be the drill bit water hole blockage.
the drilling fluid consumes the pump pressure when flowing through the ground manifold, the drill bit nozzle and the annular space, and the basic relation of the pump pressure transmission is as follows:
Ps=Δpg+Δpst+Δpa+Δpb
in the formula, PsRepresenting drilling pump pressure; Δ pgRepresenting the surface manifold pressure loss; Δ pstRepresenting the internal pressure loss of the drill string; Δ paIndicating the annular pressure loss; Δ pbIndicating the bit pressure drop.
When the pressure loss of a surface manifold, the pressure loss in a drill string and the annular pressure loss are kept unchanged, the change of the pressure drop of the drill bit directly causes the change of the pump pressure. The sum of the surface manifold pressure loss, the drill string internal pressure loss, and the annulus pressure loss is represented by a constant P, where P iss=P+Δpb. Wherein, the calculation formula of the bit pressure drop is as follows:
Figure BDA0001673339180000031
in the formula (d)neRepresents the nozzle equivalent diameter; rhodRepresents the density of the drilling fluid; c represents a nozzle flow coefficient; q represents the drilling fluid flow rate of the nozzle.
Wherein the nozzle equivalent diameter dneThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure BDA0001673339180000041
in the formula (d)iRepresents the nozzle diameter; z represents the number of nozzles;
therefore, under the condition that the drilling fluid flow rate, the nozzle flow coefficient and the drilling fluid density of the nozzle are not changed, the change of the nozzle equivalent diameter directly determines the change of the pumping pressure, the equivalent diameter is reduced along with the increase of the number of the blocked drill holes, and the pumping pressure is increased along with the reduction of the equivalent diameter. The change condition of the pump pressure can be directly seen on the data processing and analyzing end, and the number of the blocked drill holes can be judged according to the change of the pump pressure.
Here, theThe detailed analysis is to judge the number of the water holes blocked by the drill bit: if n drill holes are provided, the diameter of each drill hole is d, and the equivalent diameter d of the nozzleneCan be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001673339180000042
when the drill hole is not blocked, the equivalent diameter is
Figure BDA0001673339180000043
At this time, the bit pressure drop Δ pb0Can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001673339180000044
in the formula
Figure BDA0001673339180000045
Is a constant, constant value, denoted by K.
The pump pressure will rise continuously with the increase of the number of the blocked drill holes, and if the number of the blocked drill holes is m, the drill pressure drop delta p is generated when the drill holes are blocked by mbmCan be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001673339180000046
thus the pumping pressure Δ p when there is no blockage of the drill bit ports0Comprises the following steps:
Δps0=P+Δpb0
when the number of the blocked drill holes is m, pumping pressure delta psmComprises the following steps:
Δpsm=P+Δpbm
therefore, the number of the blocked drill holes can be judged according to the change of the pump pressure, and the pump pressure delta p when the drill holes are not blocked can be read at the data processing and analyzing ends0Data so that Δ p can be calculatedb0And then the value of the constant K is calculated. Observing the change in pump pressure on the data processing and analyzing systemAccording to the new pump pressure deltap displayed by the processing and analysis endsmCalculating Δ pbmThereby calculating the number m of the blocked water holes of the drill bit.
3) The data processing and analyzing end monitors the damage condition of the drilling pump through the following data processing processes:
the pump efficiency loss conditions at different time points can be monitored according to the inlet and outlet flow data of the data processing and analyzing end. Setting a series of time nodes ti(i ═ 0,1, 2.., n), at tiThe mass flow at the drilling inlet corresponding to the moment is Qpithe percentage of pumping loss is eta and the initial mass flow at the drilling inlet is Qp0When the pump is damaged, the outlet flow is unchanged, the inlet flow is reduced, and the loss degree of the pump efficiency can be judged according to the reduction of the inlet mass flow.
Wherein: qpiThe pump stroke is multiplied by the cylinder sleeve volume and multiplied by the pump efficiency;
η=1-Qpi/Qp0
when the value of η exceeds 10 percent, the drilling pump is proved to be seriously failed.
In the above embodiment, the first mass flow meter 5 and the second mass flow meter 19 each employ a coriolis mass flow meter. Wherein, the inlet of the first mass flow meter 5 is connected with the drilling inlet manifold through a first valve 8 (as shown in fig. 3), the outlet of the first mass flow meter 5 is connected with the drilling inlet manifold through a second valve 7, and a third valve 6 is arranged on the drilling inlet manifold between the inlet and the outlet of the first mass flow meter 5; the inlet of the second mass flow meter 19 is connected to the drilling outlet manifold via a fourth valve 21, the outlet of the second mass flow meter 19 is connected to the drilling outlet manifold via a fifth valve 22, and a sixth valve 20 is arranged in the drilling outlet manifold between the inlet and the outlet of the second mass flow meter 19. The first valve 8, the second valve 7 and the third valve 6 are used for controlling whether the drilling fluid flows through the first mass flow meter 5, when the third valve 6 is opened and the first valve 8 and the second valve 7 are closed, the drilling fluid does not flow through the first mass flow meter 5, and the first mass flow meter 5 does not work; when the third valve 6 is closed and the first valve 8 and the second valve 7 are open, drilling fluid flows through the first mass flow meter 5 and the first mass flow meter 5 starts to operate. The fourth valve 21, the fifth valve 22 and the sixth valve 20 are used for controlling whether the drilling fluid flows through the second mass flow meter 19 or not, when the sixth valve 20 is opened and the fourth valve 21 and the fifth valve 22 are closed, the drilling fluid does not flow through the second mass flow meter 19, and the second mass flow meter 19 does not work; when the sixth valve 20 is closed and the fourth valve 21 and the fifth valve 22 are open, the drilling fluid flows through the second mass flow meter 19 and the second mass flow meter 19 starts to operate.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: drilling fluid is stored in the mud pit 1, drilling fluid 2 is injected by a mud pump 4 through a mud pump line 3 into the riser 10 (during which flow information is transmitted through a first mass flow meter 5 to a data processing and analysis end 27 via a sensor data line 26), then through the drill string 14 and the drill bit port 16 into the wellbore 17, and then circulated up the wellbore 17 to the wellhead, after flowing through the blowout preventer 13 and diverter 12, through a second mass flow meter 19 (which transmits flow information to a data acquisition and data processing and analysis end 27 via the sensor data line 26) and a choke line 24 back to the mud pit 1. The change condition of the shaft leakage amount is monitored through the change rule of the mass flow at the inlet and the outlet.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, and the implementation steps of the method and the like can be changed, and all equivalent changes and modifications based on the technical scheme of the present invention should not be excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A deep sea drilling water hole blockage monitoring and drilling pump damage identification method comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the following steps that a first mass flowmeter is arranged at an inlet of a drilling circulation system, a second mass flowmeter is arranged at an outlet of the drilling circulation system, the first mass flowmeter and the second mass flowmeter respectively collect mass flow data at the inlet and the outlet of the drilling circulation system in real time, and the collected data are transmitted to a data processing and analyzing end;
2) the data processing and analyzing end monitors the blockage condition of a drill hole of the well drilling through the following data processing processes:
①, when the pump pressure rises, if the mass flow of an inlet does not change along with time, the mass flow of an outlet does not change along with time, and the flow of the outlet and the flow of the inlet are always equal, determining that the reason of the rise of the pump pressure is caused by the blockage of a drill bit water hole;
secondly, under the condition that the drill bit water hole blockage is determined, further judging the number of the drill bit water hole blockage, specifically:
pumping pressure delta p when the water hole is not blocked by the drill bits0In combination with the formula Δ ps0=P+Δpb0Calculating the bit pressure drop Δ pb0
And calculating K according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002423215850000011
the data processing and analyzing end reads the pumping pressure delta p after the drill hole is blockedsmIn combination with the formula Δ psm=P+ΔpbmCalculating the pressure drop delta p when the water hole of the drill bit is blockedbm
And then the number m of the blocked drill holes is calculated according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002423215850000012
in the above formula, P represents the sum of the surface manifold pressure loss, the drill string internal pressure loss and the annulus pressure loss, and is a constant; n represents the number of drill holes; k represents a constant, and the expression is as follows:
Figure FDA0002423215850000013
rho in the formuladThe density of the drilling fluid is represented, Q represents the drilling fluid flow of a water hole, C represents a water hole flow coefficient, and d represents the diameter of the water hole;
3) the data processing and analyzing end monitors the damage condition of the drilling pump through the following data processing processes:
setting a series of time nodes tiI is 0,1,2, …, n, at tiThe mass flow at the drilling inlet corresponding to the moment is Qpithe percentage of pumping loss is eta and the initial mass flow at the drilling inlet is Qp0And:
η=1-Qpi/Qp0
the percent pump efficiency loss, η, is used to quantify the degree of pump failure.
2. the method for monitoring the plugging of the deep sea drilling water hole and identifying the damage of the drilling pump as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 2), P ═ Δ Pg+Δpst+ΔpaΔ p in the formulagRepresenting surface manifold pressure loss, Δ pstRepresenting the internal pressure loss in the drill string, Δ paIndicating the loss of the annulus pressure.
3. the method for deep sea well bore plugging and well pump damage identification of claim 1 wherein in step 3) when η exceeds 10%, it is an indication that the well pump has failed significantly.
4. A method for deep sea drilling plugging monitoring and borehole pump damage identification as claimed in any one of claims 1-3 wherein: the first mass flowmeter and the second mass flowmeter both adopt Coriolis mass flowmeters.
5. The method for deep sea drilling hole plugging monitoring and drilling pump damage identification as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the inlet of the first mass flow meter is connected with the drilling inlet main pipe through a first valve, the outlet of the first mass flow meter is connected with the drilling inlet main pipe through a second valve, and a third valve is arranged on the drilling inlet main pipe between the inlet and the outlet of the first mass flow meter; the inlet of the second mass flow meter is connected with the drilling outlet main pipe through a fourth valve, the outlet of the second mass flow meter is connected with the drilling outlet main pipe through a fifth valve, and a sixth valve is arranged on the drilling outlet main pipe between the inlet and the outlet of the second mass flow meter.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201513131U (en) * 2009-09-04 2010-06-23 中国石油天然气集团公司 Tubular column for drilling plugs in well repairing
CN102797451A (en) * 2012-08-29 2012-11-28 中国海洋石油总公司 Automatic control system and method for underground annulus pressure of deep water surface layer drilling
CN107701142A (en) * 2017-10-21 2018-02-16 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 A kind of testing pressure of well head rotary sealing type casing blanking plug

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2532382B (en) * 2013-10-18 2020-07-15 Halliburton Energy Services Inc Surface treated lost circulation material

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201513131U (en) * 2009-09-04 2010-06-23 中国石油天然气集团公司 Tubular column for drilling plugs in well repairing
CN102797451A (en) * 2012-08-29 2012-11-28 中国海洋石油总公司 Automatic control system and method for underground annulus pressure of deep water surface layer drilling
CN107701142A (en) * 2017-10-21 2018-02-16 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 A kind of testing pressure of well head rotary sealing type casing blanking plug

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