CN103926422A - Fluid measuring system and method - Google Patents
Fluid measuring system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103926422A CN103926422A CN201310009343.XA CN201310009343A CN103926422A CN 103926422 A CN103926422 A CN 103926422A CN 201310009343 A CN201310009343 A CN 201310009343A CN 103926422 A CN103926422 A CN 103926422A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fluid measuring system and method for a drilling well. The measuring system comprises a conduit, an ultrasonic induction device and a processing device. The conduit is provided with an accommodation rod and a channel for a returned drilling fluid to pass through. The ultrasonic induction device is used for transmitting a plurality of detection signals to detect the flow of the returned drilling fluid, and based on the detected different positions of the returned drilling fluid in the conduit, generating a plurality of corresponding response signals. The processing device is used for processing the plurality of response signals so as to generate a plurality of corresponding fluid contour information related to the detected different positions of the returned drilling fluid in the conduit. The processing device can further process the plurality of fluid contour information so as to obtain the volume flow of the returned drilling fluid.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fluid measurement system and method that can be used for measuring fluid volume flow velocity (or claiming volumetric flow rate) (Volumetric Flow Rates), relate in particular to a kind of can be at oil well, such as the fluid measurement system and method for the volume flow rate of measuring the drilling fluid returned (or the drilling mud returning, Returning Drilling Fluids) in offshore field drilling process to alleviate or to avoid well kick (Kick) to occur.
Background technology
From subsurface formations (Subsurface Formation), find and open and visit hydrocarbon (Hydrocarbon), as oil has carried out many decades.Due to the limited productive capacity of land-based oil well, from sub-sea drilled wells, open spy hydrocarbon and just caused concern.Conventionally, when probing offshore field (Offshore Well), rotating drill bit (Drill Bit) is arranged on drill string (Drill String) and above from sea bed, gets out wellhole.Surface platform, as sea platform or drilling ship are controlled drill bit by drill string.Meanwhile, standpipe (Riser) arranges to connect the well head (Wellhead) forming on sea platform and sea bed.Drill string comes pilot bit to arrive well head place through standpipe.
In drilling process, drill string obtains necessary energy drives drill bit from sea platform and rotates., from the drilling fluid (or drilling mud) that is arranged on the fluid tank of sea platform, by drill string, arrive drill bit therebetween, then by being arranged on the annular space Returning fluid tank between drill string and standpipe housing.Drilling fluid has maintained certain hydrostatic force (Hydrostatic Pressure) and has carried out balance from the pressure of the fluid of wellhole and carry out cooling to drill bit.In addition, drilling fluid is mixed mutually to carry it with the material producing in wellhole forming process and is processed to sea.
In some cases, the pressure that enters the fluid in wellhole from sea bed is greater than the pressure of drilling fluid, and it can cause in wellhole, entering less desirable fluid, and this can be described as well kick in the industry.Conventionally can be greater than by the drilling fluid flow returning the generation of determining well kick from the situation of the flow of the drilling fluid in drill string.Certain in the situation that, well kick there are potential risks, it can cause device damage and operating personnel and environment are caused to adverse effect.
Operating personnel pay close attention to potential risk that this fluid of not expecting to occur causes may and inflow and the outflow of lasting monitoring drilling fluid on sea.Such as, in the process of drilling fluid circulation constantly in monitoring fluid tank the level of drilling fluid or on the fluid line of shale shaker (Shale Shakers), install vane type meter (Paddle Meters) determine whether drilling process in fluid flow change.Yet this method is inaccurate and time that need to be relatively long could be found and the variation of fluid in wellhole be made a response.
So, a kind of new fluid measurement system and method need to be provided, it can determine to the volume flow rate measurement of the drilling fluid of returning whether fluid changes in the process of wellhole probing, thereby guarantees the safe operation of probing.
Summary of the invention
It is a kind of for drilling the fluid measurement system of wellhole that one embodiment of the present of invention provide.This measuring system comprises conduit, ultrasonic induction installation and treating apparatus.Described conduit offers can accommodate drilling rod and by the passage of the drilling fluid returned.Described ultrasonic induction installation is surveyed flowing of the drilling fluid returned for transmitting a plurality of detectable signals, and the diverse location of the drilling fluid of returning in the conduit based on surveyed is to produce a plurality of corresponding response signals.Described treating apparatus is for processing to produce a plurality of corresponding fluid profile information relevant to the diverse location of the drilling fluid of returning of the conduit of described detection to described a plurality of response signals, this treating apparatus can further process to obtain the volume flow rate of the drilling fluid of returning to described a plurality of fluid profile informations.
It is a kind of for drilling the fluid measurement method of wellhole that another embodiment of the present invention provides.This fluid measurement method comprises that utilizing ultrasonic induction installation to transmit a plurality of detectable signals surveys flowing of the drilling fluid of returning in conduit, and this conduit offers can accommodate drilling rod and by the passage of the described drilling fluid of returning; Utilize the diverse location of the drilling fluid of returning in the conduit of ultrasonic induction installation based on surveyed to produce a plurality of corresponding response signals; Utilize treating apparatus to process to produce a plurality of corresponding fluid profile information relevant to the diverse location of the drilling fluid of returning in described surveyed conduit to described a plurality of response signals; And utilize treating apparatus described a plurality of fluid profile informations to be processed to obtain the volume flow rate of the drilling fluid of returning.
Accompanying drawing explanation
For embodiments of the invention, be described in conjunction with the drawings, the present invention may be better understood, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of drilling system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic cross-section along an embodiment of the probing combination of the A-A line gained in drilling system shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of the measuring system of drilling system of the present invention; And
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of the ultrasonic induction installation of measuring system of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below will describe the specific embodiment of the present invention, and it is pointed out that in the specific descriptions process of these embodiments, in order to carry out brief and concise description, this instructions can not all be done detailed description to all features of actual embodiment.Should be understandable that; in the actual implementation process of any one embodiment; in the process in any one engineering project or design item; in order to realize developer's objectives; in order to meet system restriction relevant or that business is relevant; usually can make various concrete decision-makings, and this also can change to another kind of embodiment from a kind of embodiment.In addition, it will also be appreciated that, although the effort of having done in this performance history may be complicated and tediously long, yet for those of ordinary skill in the art relevant to content disclosed by the invention, some designs of carrying out on the basis of the technology contents disclosing in the disclosure, the changes such as manufacture or production are conventional technological means, not should be understood to content of the present disclosure insufficient.
Unless otherwise defined, the technical term using in claims and instructions or scientific terminology should be has the ordinary meaning that the personage of general technical ability understands in the technical field of the invention." first " of using in patent application specification of the present invention and claims, " second " and similar word do not represent any order, quantity or importance, and are just used for distinguishing different ingredients.The similar words such as " one " or " one " do not represent restricted number, and mean and have at least one." comprise " or " comprising " etc. similarly word mean to appear at " comprising " or " comprising " element above or object and contain and appear at element or object and the equivalent element thereof that " comprising " or " comprising " enumerate below, do not get rid of other elements or object." setting ", " connection " or " being connected " etc., similar word was not defined in connection physics or machinery, was also not limited to directly or indirectly connected.
Figure 1 shows that the schematic diagram of an embodiment of drilling system 10 of the present invention.In embodiments of the present invention, drilling system 10 can be used to drill wellhole and opens spy hydrocarbon, as fossil fuel (Fossil Fuels).In non-limiting example, wellhole comprises land wellhole (Onshore Well) and marine wellhole (Offshore Well).In one example, drilling system 10 is used for out wellhole in creeping.
As shown in Figure 1, drilling system 10 generally includes platform 11 and the connecting platform 11 being positioned on the water surface and the probing combination 12 that is positioned at the well head 13 on sea bed 14.Probing combination 12(is as shown in Figure 2) comprise that drill string 15, drill bit (not shown) and standpipe 16 dig out wellhole.
Drill string 15 comprises drilling rod (Drill Pipe), and it is joined end to end and formed by a plurality of pipelines with certain length.Drill bit is arranged on one end of drill string 15 and rotatablely at sea bed, digs for 14 times.Thereby drill string 15 can be used to carry drill bit to extend in the cutting under sea bed 14.Meanwhile, from the drilling fluid 100(of platform 11, be also often called as drilling mud, by drill string 15, be transported in wellhole as shown in Figure 3).
Standpipe 16 comprises conduit, and it has cylindrical cross section (Tubular Cross Section).Drill string 15 can be arranged in standpipe 16 and extend in standpipe 16 along the length direction of standpipe 16.Standpipe 16 offers passage within it and accommodates drill string 15.Like this, just between the inside surface of drill string 15 and standpipe 16, formed annular space 17, thereby standpipe 16 can be guided drill string 15 to well head 13 places, and from the drilling fluid 101(returning in wellhole as shown in Figure 3) can return to platform 11 by annular space 17.
Like this, in drilling process, drill string 15 rotary drill bits.The drill string 15 that cycles through from the drilling fluid 100 of platform 11 arrives drill bits, then by being formed at annular space 17 between drill string 15 and standpipe 16 inside surfaces, with the formation of the drilling fluid 101 returned, returns to platform 11.Drilling fluid 100 has maintained certain hydrostatic force (Hydrostatic Pressure) and has carried out balance from the pressure of the fluid of wellhole and carry out cooling to drill bit, simultaneously, drilling fluid is the material producing in digging wellhole process, as fragmented rock etc. takes the water surface to.In certain example, from the drilling fluid 100 of platform 11, can comprise water or oil and several additives.The drilling fluid 101 of returning can at least comprise drilling fluid 100 and dig the potpourri of the material producing in wellhole process.On platform 11, the drilling fluid 101 of returning can be processed, and after filtering the solid matter removing wherein, can re-start circulation.
As mentioned above, in certain application, the pressure that enters the fluid in wellhole from sea bed can be greater than the pressure of drilling fluid 100, thereby this can cause the fluid in sea bed together to enter the larger Returning fluid of generation in annular space 17 in company with drilling fluid.This Returning fluid can be described as well kick (Kick), if controlled, improperly will cause blowout (Blowout).
Therefore, thus just need to carry out real-time control measurement to the drilling fluid 101 of returning and determine whether well the harm causing of well kick (Kick) occurs to alleviate or avoid.Figure 3 shows that the schematic diagram of an embodiment of fluid measurement system 18 of the present invention.The volume flow rate of the drilling fluid 101 that fluid measurement system in some instances, 18 can be used to return by measurement is surveyed the generation of well kick to alleviate or to avoid the harm causing of well kick (Kick).In other examples, fluid measurement system 18 can further be determined the generation of well kick by comparing the volume flow rate of the volume flow rate of predetermined drilling fluid 100 and the drilling fluid of returning 101 of measurement.
As shown in Figure 3, fluid measurement system 18 comprises standpipe 16, ultrasonic induction installation 19 and treating apparatus 20.Ultrasonic induction installation 19 is used for when the drilling fluid 101 of returning is by measuring the fluid profile of the drilling fluid of returning 101 in diverse location or different time points (Flow Profiles) information in the process of annular space 17.In non-limiting example, fluid profile information can comprise rate of flow of fluid information.In the present embodiment, ultrasonic induction installation 19 is arranged on standpipe 16, and it comprises having a plurality of ultrasonic inductors 21.These a plurality of ultrasonic inductor 21 each intervals and have a certain degree (Azimuthally) arrange round standpipe 16.Although be provided with in the present embodiment more than one ultrasonic inductor, in certain application, also a ultrasonic inductor can be only set.
Figure 4 shows that the arrangement schematic diagram of an embodiment who is arranged on a plurality of ultrasonic inductor 21 on standpipe 16.As shown in Figure 4, ultrasonic inductor 21 is round standpipe 16 and be intervally installed.In the present embodiment, ultrasonic inductor 21 is arranged on the outside surface of standpipe 16, in certain example, ultrasonic inductor 21 also can be arranged in standpipe 16 or extend in standpipe 16, thereby contacts the drilling fluid 101 returned to monitor as wet inductor (Wetted Sensor).
In measurement, in the drilling fluid 101 of returning, pass through in the process of annular space 17, each ultrasonic inductor 21 produces and transmits detectable signal in the drilling fluid 101 of returning, and because the backscattering of the particle in drilling fluid 101 produces response signal.Subsequently, response signal is received by corresponding ultrasonic inductor 21 so that process in treating apparatus 20, thereby just obtains the relevant fluid profile information in corresponding position of the drilling fluid of returning 101 of surveying to detectable signal.
In non-limiting example, ultrasonic inductor 21 can comprise doppler ultrasound inductor (Doppler Ultrasonic Sensors) or ultrasonic inductor of transit time (Transit Time Ultrasonic Sensors), and it has higher induction accuracy.Certainly, also can use other suitable induction installations.In some applications, each doppler ultrasound inductor can transmit detectable signal and receive response signal.In one example, doppler ultrasound inductor transmits detectable signals and receives corresponding response signal towards drill string 15.When the transit time, ultrasonic inductor was worked, one of them inductor can be used to transmit detectable signal, and another inductor facing mutually can be used to receive response signal, and signal transmission so therebetween just can not stopped by drill string 15.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, treating apparatus 20 can be with ultrasonic induction installation 19 communications to receive and to processing from the response signal of ultrasonic inductor 21, thereby obtain the fluid profile information relevant with the drilling fluid position of returning of detection.In non-limiting example, treating apparatus 20 can be arranged on the outside surface of standpipe 16.Spectral analysis algorithm (Spectrum Analysis Algorithm), as doppler frequency spectrum analysis algorithm can be used to response signal to process to determine corresponding fluid profile information.Further, the fluid profile information of the drilling fluid 10 of returning can be processed in treating apparatus 20, to obtain the volume flow rate of the drilling fluid 10 of returning.In non-limiting example, all ultrasonic inductor 21 of induction installation 19 all completes and once surveys obtainable required fluid profile information.
In some applications, treating apparatus 20 includes hydrodinamical model (Flow Dynamic Model), and it includes but not limited to the hydrodinamical model (Computational Fluid Dynamics Model) of real-time calculating.This hydrodinamical model utilizes nonlinear optimization algorithm, such as nonlinear least square optimized algorithm, thus and the volume flow rate of the drilling fluid that obtains returning based on the relevant fluid profile information in corresponding position surveyed and drilling fluid 101 that return.
In certain embodiments, treating apparatus 20 is not limited to any treating apparatus that specifically can be used to carry out Processing tasks of the present invention.In embodiments of the present invention, treating apparatus can represent anyly can carry out computing or calculating, for carrying out task of the present invention, is necessary device.As understood by those skilled in the art, treating apparatus also can represent anyly can receive input this input of rule treatments according to the rules, thereby produces the device of exporting.
Like this, the volume flow rate of the drilling fluid of returning 101 based on obtained just can be convenient to generation for determining well kick so that take to adjust accordingly measure to alleviate or to avoid the generation of well kick.In certain application, as mentioned above, the volume flow rate of the drilling fluid of returning 101 of determining can be compared and determined the generation of well kick with the volume flow rate of predetermined drilling fluid 100.In some instances, also can be provided with at platform 11 places supervising device 22 with treating apparatus to communication with Graphics Processing result, be convenient to user and observe.
Like this, in operation, along with drilling rod 15 rotates rotary heads, dig, from the drilling fluid 100 of platform 11, by drilling rod 15, arrive drill bits, then with the form of the drilling fluid 101 returned, by annular space 17, towards platform 11, return.Therebetween, the fluid profile information of the drilling fluid of returning 101 in 19 pairs of standpipes 16 of ultrasonic induction installation is monitored.The fluid profile information that 20 pairs for the treatment of apparatus obtain processes to determine the volume flow rate of the drilling fluid 101 of returning.
In non-limiting example, when the volume flow rate of the drilling fluid 101 of returning is greater than preset value, during such as the volume flow rate of predetermined drilling fluid 100, it can show to be greater than from the pressure of the fluid of sea bed the pressure of drilling fluid 100, and well kick may occur.In this case, just need to control the drilling fluid 101 of returning, to alleviate or to avoid the generation of well kick.
As shown in Figure 1, drilling system 10 is provided with well-sealing device (Blowout Preventer) 23 near sea bed 14 and controls flowing to avoid the generation of well kick (or blowout) of the drilling fluid 101 returned.Ultrasonic induction installation 19 and treating apparatus 20 can be arranged on standpipe 16 and near well-sealing device 23, thereby are positioned at underwater.Cable 102 from well-sealing device 23 can provide energy to ultrasonic induction installation 19.In specific example, ultrasonic induction installation 19 also can be arranged at well-sealing device 23 times or be positioned at wherein.
Conventionally, well-sealing device 23 can comprise the well-sealing device 24 of lower position and the subordinate's marine riser being connected with standpipe 16 one end (Lower Marine Riser Package, LMRP) 25.Flashboard (Ram) and lip ring (not shown) are arranged on after subordinate's marine riser 25.In opening spy process, the well-sealing device 24Ji subordinate marine riser 25 of lower position is connected.
A plurality of flashboards and circulator (or blowout prevention part) 26 is arranged in the well-sealing device 24 of lower position.When normal running, flashboard and circulator 26 are in open mode, but when well kick or blowout generation, flashboard and circulator 26 can be controlled flowing by the drilling fluid of returning 101 of standpipe 16 under the state of controlling." state of control " used herein can refer to that flashboard and circulator 26 can close or reduce flowing of the drilling fluid of returning in standpipe 16.Such as, when well kick occurs, flashboard and circulator 26 can reduce drilling fluid 101 the flowing to alleviate or avoiding the continuation of well kick to occur in standpipe of returning." minimizing " used herein can refer to reduce flowing of the drilling fluid return, but do not close Returning fluid flowing towards platform 11.Certainly, certain in the situation that, when well kick occurs, flashboard and circulator 26 also can be closed drilling fluid the flowing in standpipe 16 of returning.
Embodiment shown in Fig. 1 is only schematic.For convenience of explanation, some elements are diagram not, such as can at least controlling control device in open mode or the state in controlling of flashboard and circulator 26 and from platform signal transmission to the cable of control device etc.In some applications, when the volume flow rate of the drilling fluid 101 based on returning is determined after the generation of well kick, treating apparatus can be carried flowing of drilling fluid 101 that signal drives well-sealing device 23 to control to return to control device.Such as, the volume flow rate of the drilling fluid of returning 101 detecting in response to ultrasonic inductor 21, well-sealing device 23 can reduce flowing of the drilling fluid 101 returned, thereby the pressure that increases the wellhole that is applied to well-sealing device 23 bottoms carrys out pressure that balance carrys out the fluid in the artesian well event to alleviate or to avoid ultrasonic inductor 21 to be monitored.After this event is controlled, drilling operation can return to normally." event " used herein can comprise well kick and/or blowout.In one example, this event refers to well kick.
In embodiments of the present invention, it surveys the real-time volume flow rate of the drilling fluid of returning with ultrasonic induction installation, and the mobile variation that so just can survey fast the drilling fluid of returning occurs to determine whether event.Compare with traditional method, the detection system in the embodiment of the present invention can provide the state of the real-time drilling fluid of returning, and like this, just can survey timely the generation of event to control timely and effectively.
In addition, in traditional method, drilling rod 15 can drilling fluid 100 by time there are vibrations or wave, like this, will cause the drilling fluid 101 returned unstable and have influence on the monitoring of ultrasonic induction installation 19.Fluid measurement system in the embodiment of the present invention is provided with the fluid profile information that a plurality of ultrasonic inductors are measured the drilling fluid of returning real-time diverse location or different time points, the impact that these vibrations that just reduced or eliminated drilling rod cause, thus the accuracy of surveying improved.Further, the fluid control systems in the embodiment of the present invention has better simply framework, response speed and can easier improving traditional control system faster.
Although describe the present invention in conjunction with the specific embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that and can make many modifications and modification to the present invention.Therefore the intention that, recognize claims is to cover all such modifications and the modification in true spirit of the present invention and scope.
Claims (18)
1. for drilling a fluid measurement system for wellhole, comprising:
Conduit, it offers can accommodate drilling rod and by the passage of the drilling fluid returned;
Ultrasonic induction installation, it surveys flowing of the drilling fluid returned for transmitting a plurality of detectable signals, and the diverse location of the drilling fluid of returning in the conduit based on surveyed is to produce a plurality of corresponding response signals; And
Treating apparatus, it is for processing to produce a plurality of corresponding fluid profile information relevant to the diverse location of the drilling fluid of returning of the conduit of described detection to described a plurality of response signals, this treating apparatus can further process to obtain the volume flow rate of the drilling fluid of returning to described a plurality of fluid profile informations.
2. fluid measurement system as claimed in claim 1, wherein this fluid measurement system can be used in the process of probing offshore field to alleviate or to avoid the generation of well kick.
3. fluid measurement system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said ultrasonic induction installation comprises a plurality of ultrasonic inductors.
4. fluid measurement system as claimed in claim 3, wherein said a plurality of ultrasonic inductors comprise doppler ultrasound inductor or ultrasonic inductor of transit time.
5. fluid measurement system as claimed in claim 3, wherein said ultrasonic inductor is round described conduit setting.
6. fluid measurement system as claimed in claim 5, wherein said ultrasonic inductor with described in the drilling fluid returned contact.
7. fluid measurement system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said treating apparatus is arranged on described conduit.
8. fluid measurement system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said treating apparatus is provided with doppler frequency spectrum analysis algorithm and processes described response signal to determine corresponding fluid profile.
9. fluid measurement system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said treating apparatus is provided with nonlinear least square optimized algorithm and determines described volume flow rate based on described fluid profile.
10. for drilling a fluid measurement method for wellhole, comprising:
Utilize ultrasonic induction installation to transmit a plurality of detectable signals and survey flowing of the drilling fluid of returning in conduit, this conduit offers can accommodate drilling rod and by the passage of the described drilling fluid of returning;
Utilize the diverse location of the drilling fluid of returning in the conduit of ultrasonic induction installation based on surveyed to produce a plurality of corresponding response signals;
Utilize treating apparatus to process to produce a plurality of corresponding fluid profile information relevant to the diverse location of the drilling fluid of returning in described surveyed conduit to described a plurality of response signals; And
Utilize treating apparatus described a plurality of fluid profile informations to be processed to obtain the volume flow rate of the drilling fluid of returning.
11. fluid measurement methods as claimed in claim 10, wherein this fluid measurement system can be used in the process of probing offshore field to alleviate or to avoid the generation of well kick.
12. fluid measurement methods as claimed in claim 10, wherein said ultrasonic induction installation comprises a plurality of ultrasonic inductors.
13. fluid measurement methods as claimed in claim 12, wherein said a plurality of ultrasonic inductors comprise doppler ultrasound inductor or ultrasonic inductor of transit time.
14. fluid measurement methods as claimed in claim 12, wherein said ultrasonic inductor is round described conduit setting.
15. fluid measurement methods as claimed in claim 14, wherein said ultrasonic inductor with described in the drilling fluid returned contact.
16. fluid measurement methods as claimed in claim 10, wherein said treating apparatus is arranged on described conduit.
17. fluid measurement methods as claimed in claim 10, wherein said treating apparatus is provided with doppler frequency spectrum analysis algorithm and processes described response signal to determine corresponding fluid profile.
18. fluid measurement methods as claimed in claim 10, wherein said treating apparatus is provided with nonlinear least square optimized algorithm and determines described volume flow rate based on described fluid profile.
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| CN201310009343.XA CN103926422A (en) | 2013-01-10 | 2013-01-10 | Fluid measuring system and method |
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| CN201310009343.XA CN103926422A (en) | 2013-01-10 | 2013-01-10 | Fluid measuring system and method |
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