CN108753366A - A kind of airflow bed gasification furnace - Google Patents
A kind of airflow bed gasification furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN108753366A CN108753366A CN201810563083.3A CN201810563083A CN108753366A CN 108753366 A CN108753366 A CN 108753366A CN 201810563083 A CN201810563083 A CN 201810563083A CN 108753366 A CN108753366 A CN 108753366A
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- flow guiding
- bed gasification
- gasification furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
- C10J3/506—Fuel charging devices for entrained flow gasifiers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
- C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0973—Water
- C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of airflow bed gasification furnace, is related to gasification furnace technical field, realizes effective control to hydrogen-rich synthetic gas internal circulating load.The airflow bed gasification furnace includes furnace body, further includes the inner draft tube for being fixed at furnace body internal upper part region, has interval between inner draft tube top and the dome of furnace body;The external flow guiding cylinder being set in outside inner draft tube, external flow guiding cylinder top are connected with the dome of furnace body.There is interval, for collecting the cycle synthesis gas preheated for hydrogen between the side wall of external flow guiding cylinder and the side wall of inner draft tube;The circulation passage of exiting syngas is divided between having between the side wall of external flow guiding cylinder and the side wall of furnace body, pass through effective barrier of external flow guiding cylinder, cycle synthesis gas and exiting syngas is set not to interfere with each other, and then be conducive to the cycle synthesis tolerance that control enters in reaction compartment, efficient preheating of the fine coal hydrogasification in the process to effective control of hydrogen-rich synthetic gas internal circulating load and to hydrogen may be implemented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gasification furnace technical field more particularly to a kind of airflow bed gasification furnaces.
Background technology
Fine coal hydrogasification is that coal and hydrogen react generation methane-rich gas, tar and semicoke under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions
The process of (coal not reacted completely).Currently, fine coal hydrogasification technique mainly uses entrained-flow reactor, the gasifying agent of selection
For hydrogen.Heat needed for hydrogasification is burnt by hydrogen partial to be provided, and the remaining hydrogen of combustion is preheated to certain temperature and is sent out with coal dust
Raw hydrogasification reaction.
The prior art preheats reaction hydrogen using part hydrogen burning, this process wastes the hydrogen of a large amount of preciousnesses, with
This simultaneously, hydrogasification generate crude synthesis gas in there are a large amount of hydrogen, need the membrane separating process through follow-up system by this
Hydrogen partial is separated, and is then backed within and is participated in reaction in gasification furnace.However reaction carries out under high temperature and high pressure environment,
During separation and cycle, the hydrogen returned to needs to be warmed boosting again, this process causes a large amount of energy consumption
With unnecessary thermal loss.In addition, existing in currently available technology pre- using the char Gasification generation heat of gasification furnace bottom
Hot hydrogen, and using the technology for recycling pre- hot hydrogen of hydrogen-rich synthetic gas, but it is difficult to which control loop is to instead in practical operation
The high temperature hydrogen-rich synthetic gas amount in inner cylinder is answered, it is undesirable to the pre-heat effect of hydrogen so as to cause system.
Invention content
The problem of in the presence of for the above-mentioned prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of airflow bed gasification furnace, can
It is efficiently pre- to be carried out to hydrogen during fine coal hydrogasification, to realize the stability contorting to hydrogen-rich synthetic gas internal circulating load
Heat.
To achieve the goals above, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of airflow bed gasification furnace, including furnace body further include the interior water conservancy diversion for being fixed at furnace body internal upper part region
Cylinder has interval between the inner draft tube top and the dome of the furnace body;Be set in outside the inner draft tube outer leads
Flow cartridge, the external flow guiding cylinder top are connected with the dome of the furnace body, the side wall of the external flow guiding cylinder and the inner draft tube
Side wall between have interval, between the side wall of the external flow guiding cylinder and the side wall of the furnace body have interval.
In said flow bed gasification furnace, external flow guiding cylinder is set in inner draft tube outer cover, the side wall of external flow guiding cylinder is led with interior
There is interval, the interval is for collecting the cycle synthesis gas preheated for hydrogen between the side wall of flow cartridge;External flow guiding cylinder and furnace body it
Between also there is interval, should between be divided into the circulation passage of synthesis gas, by effective barrier of external flow guiding cylinder, make cycle synthesis gas and go out
Mouth synthesis gas is not interfere with each other, and then is conducive to the cycle synthesis tolerance that control enters in reaction compartment, and powder coal hydrogenation may be implemented
Efficient preheating in gasification to effective control of hydrogen-rich synthetic gas internal circulating load and to hydrogen.
Optionally, the airflow bed gasification furnace further includes that ring is located between the external flow guiding cylinder and the side wall of the furnace body
The hydraulic barrier of annular, the hydraulic barrier are connect by supporting rack with the side wall of the external flow guiding cylinder and the furnace body.
Optionally, the shape of the longitudinal section of the hydraulic barrier be inverted " v ", fall " W " shape, in reclinate arc
It is at least one.
Optionally, the airflow bed gasification furnace further includes:At least two gas material transfer pipelines, the gas material are defeated
Pipeline is sent to be arranged on the barrel on the outside of the external flow guiding cylinder;It is correspondingly arranged at least two gas material transfer pipelines
At least two gas material nozzles of the end of side, the gas material nozzle pass through the barrel of the external flow guiding cylinder, and are in
Region between the external flow guiding cylinder and the inner draft tube.
Optionally, gas material nozzle being arranged circumferentially along the external flow guiding cylinder.
Optionally, the pointing direction of the gas material nozzle is to tilt upward, and angle with horizontal plane is 20~40 °.
Optionally, the upper end of the external flow guiding cylinder is inverted round stage structure, and lower end is positive frustum cone structure, between top and bottom
For the stack shell of cylindrical structure, the lower end of the external flow guiding cylinder extends to the middle and lower part of the furnace body.
Optionally, the inner draft tube is cylindrical structure, or is positive frustum cone structure, or is Upper cylindrical and lower part positive round
The structure of platform combination.
Optionally, 2~3 times of the average diameter of a diameter of inner draft tube of the stack shell of the external flow guiding cylinder.
Optionally, the average diameter of the inner draft tube is 0.2~0.5 times of diameter of the furnace body.
Optionally, the inner draft tube top be spaced between the dome of the furnace body at a distance from for the inner draft tube
0.8~1.2 times of average diameter.
Optionally, the inner draft tube is the structure that Upper cylindrical is combined with the positive round platform in lower part, the upper end of the positive round platform in lower part
0.4~0.6 times of a diameter of lower end diameter.
Optionally, the airflow bed gasification furnace further includes:Interception baffle in the lower section of the external flow guiding cylinder is set, it is described
It is reclinate semielliptical shape structure or umbrella hat-shaped structure to intercept baffle.
Optionally, the airflow bed gasification furnace further includes:At least one solid material spray being arranged at the top of the furnace body
Mouth, top inlet of the solid material nozzle towards the inner draft tube.
Optionally, the airflow bed gasification furnace further includes:Gasification agent inlet in the bottom of furnace body is set, is arranged in institute
The syngas outlet on sidewall of the furnace body top is stated, and, the particle overflow port in the sidewall of the furnace body lower part is set.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of airflow bed gasification furnace in the related technology.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of airflow bed gasification furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional views of schematic diagram shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is gas material transfer pipeline coil arrangement schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a kind of inner draft tube structural schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is another inner draft tube structural schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numeral:
1- solid material nozzles;2- gas material nozzles;
21- gas material transfer pipelines;3- syngas outlets;
4- inner draft tubes;5- hydraulic barriers;
51- supporting racks;6- external flow guiding cylinders;
7- intercepts baffle;8- furnace bodies;
9- particle overflow ports;10- semicoke particles;
11- gasification agent inlets;12- reacts inner cylinder;
A- exiting syngas circulation passages;B- recycles synthesis gas circulation passage.
Specific implementation mode
As described in background, it in fine coal hydrogasification, is wasted to reacting the process combusts hydrogen of preheating of hydrogen
A large amount of precious hydrogen reheat after being detached to the hydrogen in exiting syngas and also result in a large amount of energy consumption and need not
The thermal loss wanted.
It needs to be improved existing airflow bed gasification furnace to improve energy utilization rate.One is disclosed in the related technology
The airflow bed gasification furnace that hydrogen preheating, hydrogen-rich synthetic gas cycle and char Gasification are combined by kind, as shown in Figure 1, gasification furnace bottom
The char Gasification (semicoke collects in gasification furnace bottom, and is reacted in bottom) in portion generates the pre- hot hydrogen of heat, then preheats
Hydrogen afterwards is turned back upwards with the hydrogen-rich synthetic gas mixing that 12 bottom of inner cylinder comes out is reacted into 12 top of reaction inner cylinder, with top
The coal dust of penetrating mixes, and has not only reached the preheating of cold hydrogen, but also realize the cycle of hydrogen-rich synthetic gas.
It reacts and reserves certain space between inner cylinder 12 and 8 dome of furnace body, lead to syngas outlet 3 and solid material nozzle 1
Between without boundary is definitely shunted, two strands of qi leel of synthesis respectively enters reaction inner cylinder 12 and syngas outlet 3, only both control
Between pressure difference could effectively control the amount that synthesis gas enters each section.
In general the pressure difference very little caused by 1 jet stream of solid material nozzle, and 3 pressure of syngas outlet and rear system phase
Connection, pressure difference that the pressure difference relative nozzle of generation generates big more (the different orders of magnitude), therefore synthesis gas mainly goes out from synthesis gas
Mouth 3 flows out, and only seldom synthesis gas enters the reaction participation cycle of inner cylinder 12 and preheats.Therefore, the scheme in the related technology
Be difficult control loop to reaction inner cylinder 12 in high―temperature nuclei tolerance, it is undesirable to the pre-heat effect of hydrogen so as to cause system,
And then it can not ensure the methane production and oil quality of entire technique.
Based on above-mentioned present situation, technical scheme of the present invention proposes:External flow guiding cylinder 6, external flow guiding cylinder are arranged outside inner draft tube 4
6 tops are connected with the dome of furnace body 8, by effective barrier of external flow guiding cylinder 6, do not make cycle synthesis gas and exiting syngas mutually not
Interference, and then be conducive to the cycle synthesis tolerance that control enters in reaction compartment.
It is the core concept of technical solution of the present invention above, to enable the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more
Add and become apparent, following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carry out it is clear,
It is fully described by.Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Base
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained all under the premise of not making creative work
Other embodiments belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
It should be noted that " top ", " lower part ", " upper end ", " lower end " described in the embodiment of the present invention etc. with it is upper and lower
The related description in orientation when "upper" refers to that airflow bed gasification furnace is placed vertically as shown in Figure 2, is directed toward entrained flow gasifying furnace body 8
The direction of 8 bottom of entrained flow gasifying furnace body when "lower" refers to that airflow bed gasification furnace is placed vertically, is directed toward in the direction at top.
In addition, based on the above-mentioned definition to "upper" "lower" orientation, on " positive round platform " described in the embodiment of the present invention refer to
Base area is less than the frustum cone structure of bottom surface area, and " inverted round stage " refers to that upper bottom surface area is more than bottom surface area
Frustum cone structure.
In airflow bed gasification furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention, illustrated by taking the hydrogasification of coal reaction as an example.It is " thick to close
At gas " refer to the synthesis gas that entrained flow gasification furnace bottom char Gasification generates, main component is carbon monoxide and hydrogen, temperature
At 1100 DEG C~1300 DEG C, this part high-temperature synthesis gas moves upwards and provides heat for top reaction." hydrogen-rich synthetic gas " is
Refer to, coal dust reacts the synthesis gas generated with hydrogen at the top of airflow bed gasification furnace, and hydrogen-rich synthetic gas enters different spaces, from gasification
Outlet of still outflow is exiting syngas, and it is cycle synthesis gas, hydrogen-rich synthetic gas, cycle to be recycled into inner draft tube 4
Synthesis gas and exiting syngas are the different same substance in flow direction, and temperature is all 750 DEG C~850 DEG C, and ingredient mainly wraps
Include hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide etc..
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of airflow bed gasification furnace, further includes being fixed at as shown in Fig. 2, including furnace body 8
The inner draft tube 4 in 8 internal upper part region of furnace body has interval between 4 top of inner draft tube and the dome of furnace body 8;It is led in being set in
External flow guiding cylinder 6 outside flow cartridge 4,6 top of external flow guiding cylinder are connected with the dome of furnace body 8, the side wall of external flow guiding cylinder 6 and interior water conservancy diversion
There is interval between the side wall of cylinder 4, there is interval between the side wall and the side wall of furnace body 8 of external flow guiding cylinder 6.Inner draft tube 4 is led outside
It can be fixed by the bracket between flow cartridge 6 and furnace body 8.
At work, coal dust reacts said flow bed gasification furnace with hydrogen generation coal hydrogenation gasification in inner draft tube 4, raw
At hydrogen-rich synthetic gas and semicoke.Wherein, hydrogen-rich synthetic gas is flowed out from the lower part outlet of inner draft tube 4, and is divided into two parts along two
Kind circulation passage flowing.A portion hydrogen-rich synthetic gas becomes cycle synthesis gas, between inner draft tube and external flow guiding cylinder
Interval moves upwards, and with gas material nozzle 2 spray hydrogen mix after, into inner draft tube 4 continue with fine coal generation
Coal hydrogenation gasification reacts, and participates in the warm-up cycle of hydrogen;Another part hydrogen-rich synthetic gas becomes exiting syngas and continues fortune downwards
It is dynamic, it is moved upwards in external flow guiding cylinder lower end exit, by the interval between the side wall and external flow guiding cylinder 6 of furnace body 8, finally from conjunction
It exports and flows out at gas.
By the course of work of said flow bed gasification furnace it is not difficult to find that by the way that external flow guiding cylinder 6 is arranged, make external flow guiding cylinder 6
There is interval, the interval is for collecting the cycle synthesis gas preheated for hydrogen, Ke Yiman between side wall and the side wall of inner draft tube 4
Reaction zone (inner draft tube 4 is entered with certain speed under foot cycle synthesis tolerance negative pressure caused by solid material nozzle 1
It is interior), it thereby may be ensured that the air-flow into reaction zone is steady, and then be conducive to stablizing for reaction and carry out.External flow guiding cylinder 6 and furnace body
Clearance space between 8 is the circulation passage of exiting syngas, is connected with the dome of furnace body 8 by the way that 6 top of external flow guiding cylinder is arranged
Connect, realize effective barrier of external flow guiding cylinder 6, cycle synthesis gas and exiting syngas is made not to interfere with each other, so be conducive to control into
Enter the cycle synthesis tolerance in reaction compartment, fine coal hydrogasification may be implemented in the process to the effective of hydrogen-rich synthetic gas internal circulating load
Control and the efficient preheating to hydrogen.
Since the 10 heap density of semicoke particle of gasification furnace bottom is small, followability is good, causes to press from both sides in the hydrogen-rich synthetic gas of cycle
With a large amount of semicoke particle 10, it is based on above-mentioned consideration, baffle can be set, semicoke particle is obstructed and shunted.Such as Fig. 2 and
Shown in Fig. 3, in some embodiments, airflow bed gasification furnace further includes the ring that ring is located between external flow guiding cylinder 6 and the side wall of furnace body 8
The hydraulic barrier 5 of shape, hydraulic barrier 5 are connect by supporting rack 51 with the side wall of external flow guiding cylinder 6 and furnace body 8.
The shape of hydraulic barrier 5 can be a variety of patterns, for example, the shape of the longitudinal section of hydraulic barrier 5 be inverted " v ",
" W " shape or reclinate arc etc..The inverted " v " is lower ending opening, and two sides, which upwardly extend, is intersected in vertex
Shape;Described " W " shape is the shape that two inverted " v "s connect side by side.Hydraulic barrier 5 can by its own with lead outside
Between flow cartridge 6 and/or its own supporting rack 51 is arranged between 8 side wall of furnace body, installation (as shown in Figure 3) is fixed, and also may be used
With one section of supporting rack 51 for running through hydraulic barrier 5 of setting, 51 both ends of supporting rack are fixed to 8 side of external flow guiding cylinder 6 and furnace body respectively
On wall.Supporting rack 51 can be made of multiple metal rods and/or metal tube, multiple metal rods and/or metal tube and hydraulic barrier
5, between external flow guiding cylinder 6, furnace body 8, the mode that welding may be used is fixed.Certainly, the specific fixed form of hydraulic barrier 5
This is not restricted, and those skilled in the art can select other rational methods.
In the Section A-A figure of Fig. 3, hydraulic barrier 5 is supported on by supporting rack 51 between 8 side wall of external flow guiding cylinder 6 and furnace body
Interval in, dust-contained airflow after hydraulic barrier 5, can change flow direction in the interval.Due to semicoke particle 10 and gas
Body is compared to having relatively large quality and inertia, and when encountering hydraulic barrier 5, when flow direction changes, synthesis gas can bypass baffle
It continues up, and most of semicoke particle 10 can turn back and flow downward along barrel, only few partial particulate is with conjunction
Gasification furnace is discharged from syngas outlet 3 at gas and enters next workshop section.By the multiple gas of 6 lower end of external flow guiding cylinder and hydraulic barrier 5
Gu detaching, the semicoke particle 10 carried secretly in exiting syngas significantly reduces, and is conducive to the gas solid separation burden for mitigating follow-up system.
System in airflow bed gasification furnace is consumption hydrogen reaction on the whole, in some embodiments, as shown in figure 4, air flow bed
Gasification furnace further includes at least two gas material transfer pipelines 21, and the setting of gas material transfer pipeline 21 is in 6 outside of external flow guiding cylinder
Barrel on, the set-up mode to spiral multistage from the bottom to top can be used, be conducive to extend bottom char Gasification and generate heat to it
The distance that the gas material that inside is conveyed is heated improves the pre-heat effect to cold hydrogen.Meanwhile airflow bed gasification furnace is also
At least two gas material nozzles 2 including the end for being correspondingly arranged at least two 21 tops of gas material transfer pipeline, gas
Body substance nozzle 2 passes through the barrel of external flow guiding cylinder 6, and in the region between external flow guiding cylinder 6 and inner draft tube 4.Multistage is spiraled
Gas material transfer pipeline 21 make gas material nozzle 2 spray hydrogen have higher temperature, then with the cycle of high temperature close
It is mixed into inner draft tube 4 at gas, can efficiently utilize the pre- heat effect of crude synthesis gas in this way, reduce thermal energy damage
It loses.
In some embodiments, being arranged circumferentially along external flow guiding cylinder 6 of gas material nozzle 2, in order to be formed uniformly
Stable air velocity distribution.In order to be conducive to nozzle opening, while preventing the structural stress to external flow guiding cylinder 6 from having an adverse effect, gas
2 quantity of body substance nozzle is advisable with even number, is symmetrical arranged, and is usually arranged 2~8.
In some embodiments, the pointing direction of gas material nozzle 2 be tilt upward, angle with horizontal plane be 20~
40 °, be conducive to reduce erosion of the gas material nozzle 2 to 4 outer wall of inner draft tube, while hydrogen injection direction and hydrogen-rich synthetic gas
Loop direction it is consistent, the efficient mixing for being conducive to gaseous mixture preheats and realizes and circulate.
As shown in Fig. 2, in some embodiments, the upper end of external flow guiding cylinder 6 is inverted round stage structure, in this way in external flow guiding cylinder 6
More spaces can be retained between inner draft tube 4 so that high temperature circulation synthesis gas collects, provided for coal hydrogenation gasification reaction
Heat.The lower end of external flow guiding cylinder 6 is positive frustum cone structure, extends to the middle and lower part of furnace body 8.Positive frustum cone structure makes external flow guiding cylinder 6 go out
Mouthful diameter becomes larger, and when direction shown in dotted line moves along Fig. 2, in 6 exit of external flow guiding cylinder, speed moment subtracts dust-laden mixture
Small, semicoke particle 10 continues to move downward under the action of inertia force, and synthesis gas is turned back to upper edge external flow guiding cylinder 6 and furnace body 8
Interval between side wall moves upwards.
It is columned stack shell between the top and bottom of external flow guiding cylinder 6, the diameter of the stack shell of external flow guiding cylinder 6 is interior water conservancy diversion
2~3 times of the average diameter of cylinder 4.Interval between inner draft tube 4 and external flow guiding cylinder 6 can allow more hydrogen-rich synthetic gas real
Existing internal circulation flow.
In some embodiments, as shown in Fig. 2, inner draft tube 4 is cylindrical tube structure, being averaged for inner draft tube 4 is straight
Diameter is 0.2~0.5 times of the diameter of furnace body 8.It should be noted that since there are a variety of different structures, the present invention for inner draft tube 4
4 diameter of inner draft tube in embodiment refers both to the average diameter of inner draft tube 4.Top solid substance nozzle 1 is with certain jet stream
Speed sprays into downwards coal dust, and using the jet-action of high speed coal dust, 4 top of inner draft tube and nozzle nearby generate certain negative pressure
Effect, volume inhales the reaction compartment that the cycle synthesis gas between inner draft tube 4 and external flow guiding cylinder 6 enters inner draft tube 4, with high speed coal
Powder jet mixing provides the heat needed for reaction.
In some embodiments, it is inner draft tube 4 at a distance from interval of 4 top of inner draft tube between the dome of furnace body 8
0.8~1.2 times of average diameter.
In some embodiments, inner draft tube 4 can also be positive frustum cone structure, as shown in figure 5,4 top of inner draft tube is narrow
Design 1 jet stream of solid material nozzle can be made nearby to generate stronger negative pressure, volume inhales more high temperature circulation synthesis gas herein
Collect, realizes the efficient preheating to hydrogen.Meanwhile the design that lower part gradually broadens has bottom centrifugation, can make bottom
The gas-solid mixture of ejection is with smaller velocity jet, under the action of inertial separation, reacts the semicoke particle 10 and richness of generation
Hydrogen synthesis gas realizes preliminary separation, and recycle in synthesis gas only can carry less semicoke particle 10 secretly in this way, and more cycles are closed
Enter in reaction compartment at gas, heat is provided for reaction.
In some embodiments, inner draft tube 4 can also be the structure that Upper cylindrical is combined with the positive round platform in lower part, such as Fig. 6
Shown, the coal dust sprayed from top solid substance nozzle 1 uniformly mixes generation in cylindrical inner draft tube 4 with high-temperature hydrogen and adds
Hydrogen reacts, and outlet is arranged to frustum cone structure, bores the flaring form of section and the gas-solid mixture that bottom sprays can be made with smaller speed
Jet stream is spent, under the action of inertial separation, the semicoke particle 10 and hydrogen-rich synthetic gas that react generation realize initial gross separation, follow in this way
Only less semicoke particle 10 can be carried secretly in the synthesis gas of ring, and more synthesis gas enter in reaction compartment, and heat is provided for reaction
Amount.
The upper end diameter of lower part round platform and the diameter ratio of lower end diameter are smaller, and the angle of outlet is bigger, are more conducive to point
From, but exit angle crosses gas flow (the limiting form circle at the interval that conference is influenced between 8 side wall of external flow guiding cylinder 6 and furnace body
Platform outlet is horizontally disposed), there is certain inhibition to the outlet of syngas outlet 3.And exit angle is too small, from gas solid separation angle
Degree considers that inertial separation power is smaller, to influence separating effect.
Based on above-mentioned consideration, illustratively, the upper end diameter of lower part round platform is 0.4~0.6 times of lower end diameter.Justify on top
The length ratio of column and lower part round platform is determined according to reaction time, such as body length can be arranged and accounting for overall length (cylinder
And round platform) 70%~90%.
The diameter of 6 each sections of diameter, the external flow guiding cylinder of inner draft tube 4 is arranged and the value at each interval, depends primarily on
The residence time of coal gasification hydrogenation reaction and the treating capacity of airflow bed gasification furnace, reaction appear in inner draft tube 4, inner draft tube
The setting at the interval between 4 and external flow guiding cylinder 6, the size in these spaces can influence residence time of the gas-solid in gasification furnace, into
And reaction process is influenced, the general residence time, different residence time reaction products was different in 5~20s, according in real reaction
Bottle coal ratio and coal input quantity, to meet reaction time, and then coal dust is made adequately to be gasified, while hydrogen being made to be filled
Divide preheating.
As shown in Fig. 2, in some embodiments, airflow bed gasification furnace further includes that blocking in the lower section of external flow guiding cylinder 6 is arranged
Baffle 7 is cut, it is reclinate semielliptical shape structure or umbrella hat-shaped structure to intercept baffle 7.Intercepting baffle 7 can make on furnace body 8
The solid particle that portion is fallen flows into half focus layer of lower section along baffle 7 is intercepted, while 8 lower section char Gasification of furnace body can be generated
Gas-solid flow carries out water conservancy diversion, is continued up after so that crude synthesis gas direction is changed, the solid particle carried in crude synthesis gas encounters
The blocking for intercepting baffle 7, turns back and moves downward, fall into semicoke particle 10.
As shown in Fig. 2, in some embodiments, airflow bed gasification furnace further includes being arranged in at least one of 8 top of furnace body
Solid material nozzle 1, top inlet of the solid material nozzle 1 towards inner draft tube 4.For example, entrained flow gasification furnace body 8 product compared with
It is small, the setting one of 1, solid material nozzle can meet demand, which is located at 8 top center of furnace body and exit normal
Downwards.
In another example airflow bed gasification furnace is larger, coal dust can finally be pooled to gas by multi beam pipelined, multi beam pipeline
At a nozzle for changing 8 top center of furnace body, coal dust is sprayed vertically downward.Can also be that the connection of multi beam end of line is more
A solid material nozzle 1, for example, multiple solid material nozzles 1 export all vertically downward, such as shape of " | | | ";In another example
Jet expansion is directed toward centrally disposed, such as shape of " |/".It can not only ensure all powder that solid material nozzle 1 sprays in this way
Coal can enter in inner draft tube 4, additionally it is possible to make the fine coal that multiple and different nozzles spray at the top inlet of inner draft tube 4
Mutually collision occurs, and then plays the role of evenly dispersed fine coal, it is enable to be come into full contact with hydrogen, as often as possible occurs anti-
It answers.
As shown in Fig. 2, in some embodiments, airflow bed gasification furnace further includes that the gasifying agent being arranged in 8 bottom of furnace body enters
Mouth 11, is arranged the syngas outlet 3 in 8 side wall upper part of furnace body, and, the particle overflow port 9 in 8 lower sidewall of furnace body is set.
System in airflow bed gasification furnace is the endothermic reaction on the whole, and origin of heat is in the char Gasification heat production of bottom.Entrained flow gasification
Furnace bottom is provided with gasification agent inlet 11, and the gasifying agent (vapor/oxygen) sprayed by gasifying agent is (with holes by gas distribution grid
The plate of shape) enter half focus layer, it realizes being uniformly distributed for gasifying agent and gasifies with the stabilization fluid of semicoke.What gasification furnace top generated
Semicoke fluid bed of the semicoke particle 10 in bottom gathers, and when bed height reaches particle overflow port 9, semicoke particle 10 is from particle
Gasification furnace is discharged in overflow port 9.
In airflow bed gasification furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention, fine coal can enter inner draft tube from solid material nozzle 1
4, hydrogen can enter from gas material nozzle 2 in the interval between external flow guiding cylinder 6 and inner draft tube 4, and move upwards from interior
The upper entrance of guide shell 4 enters in inner draft tube 4 to react with fine coal generation coal hydrogenation gasification, generates hydrogen-rich synthetic gas and half
It is burnt.
When hydrogen-rich synthetic gas comes out from the lower part outlet of inner draft tube 4, hydrogen-rich synthetic gas and semicoke generation gas-solid inertia are pre-
Separation, a part of semicoke fall into 8 lower part of furnace body;A part of hydrogen-rich synthetic gas moves upwards, and sprayed with gas material nozzle 2
After hydrogen mixing, into continuing to react with fine coal generation coal hydrogenation gasification in inner draft tube 4, the warm-up cycle of hydrogen is participated in, is followed
The circulation passage of ring synthesis gas is as shown in dotted arrow b;Another part hydrogen-rich synthetic gas becomes exiting syngas and continues fortune downwards
It is dynamic, it encounters and intercepts baffle 7, carry out gas solid separation again at baffle 7 intercepting, exiting syngas is along external flow guiding cylinder 6 and 8 side of furnace body
Interval between wall continues to move up.
Intercept baffle 7 at gas solid separation come out semicoke particle 10 along intercept baffle 7 be slipped to 8 lower part of furnace body, with from
Gasification reaction occurs again for the oxygen or vapor that gasification agent inlet 11 enters, and generates crude synthesis gas, and crude synthesis gas moves upwards
It meets with exiting syngas and (contains part high-temperature hydrogen in crude synthesis gas), together between the side wall of furnace body 8 and external flow guiding cylinder 6
Interval move upwards.
Crude synthesis gas continues up flowing with the mixed synthesis gas of exiting syngas, is carried out again at hydraulic barrier 5
Gas solid separation, most solid particles fall, and synthesis gas continues up around hydraulic barrier 5, while outer to being coiled in
The gas material transfer pipeline 21 of 6 side wall of guide shell is preheated.The pipeline that multistage is spiraled makes hydrogen in disk intraductal retention time
Longer, heat exchange is more abundant, and the heat of char Gasification generation is rationally utilized, while realizing to the efficient pre- of cold hydrogen
Heat.For the circulation passage of exiting syngas as shown in dotted arrow a, exiting syngas exits into next work by syngas outlet 3
Section.
Due to the barrier of external flow guiding cylinder 6, on 8 top of furnace body, between external flow guiding cylinder 6 and inner draft tube 4, external flow guiding cylinder 6 with
Gas differential pressure is independent of each other between 8 side wall of furnace body, recycles synthesis gas and exiting syngas and does not interfere with each other, to be conducive to control into
Enter the cycle synthesis tolerance in reaction compartment, improves the pre-heat effect to hydrogen.
The cycle of hydrogen-rich synthetic gas can effectively realize the preheating of hydrogen, when can also increase stop of the hydrogen in gasification furnace
Between, improve the utilization ratio of hydrogen;The high-temperature crude synthesis gas that char Gasification generates contains a certain amount of hydrogen, can effectively preheat cold
Hydrogen, while it may be that fine coal hydrogasification reaction provides hydrogen source that part, which is mixed into the crude synthesis gas of cycle synthesis gas,.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (15)
1. a kind of airflow bed gasification furnace, including furnace body, which is characterized in that further include:
Be fixed at the inner draft tube in furnace body internal upper part region, the dome of the inner draft tube top and the furnace body it
Between have interval;
The external flow guiding cylinder being set in outside the inner draft tube, the external flow guiding cylinder top are connected with the dome of the furnace body,
There is interval, the side wall of the external flow guiding cylinder and the stove between the side wall of the external flow guiding cylinder and the side wall of the inner draft tube
There is interval between the side wall of body.
2. airflow bed gasification furnace according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the airflow bed gasification furnace further includes that ring is located at
Between the external flow guiding cylinder and the side wall of the furnace body annular hydraulic barrier, the hydraulic barrier by supporting rack with it is described
External flow guiding cylinder is connected with the side wall of the furnace body.
3. airflow bed gasification furnace according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the shape of the longitudinal section of the hydraulic barrier is
Inverted " v ", at least one of " W " shape, reclinate arc.
4. airflow bed gasification furnace according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the airflow bed gasification furnace further includes:
The barrel on the outside of the external flow guiding cylinder is arranged at least two gas material transfer pipelines, the gas material transfer pipeline
On;
It is correspondingly arranged at least two gas material nozzles of the end above at least two gas material transfer pipelines, institute
The barrel that gas material nozzle passes through the external flow guiding cylinder is stated, and in the area between the external flow guiding cylinder and the inner draft tube
Domain.
5. airflow bed gasification furnace according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the gas material nozzle is along the outer water conservancy diversion
Cylinder is arranged circumferentially.
6. airflow bed gasification furnace according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the pointing direction of the gas material nozzle is
It tilts upward, angle with horizontal plane is 20~40 °.
7. airflow bed gasification furnace according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the upper end of the external flow guiding cylinder is inverted round stage knot
Structure, lower end are positive frustum cone structure, are the stack shell of cylindrical structure between top and bottom, the lower end of the external flow guiding cylinder extends to
The middle and lower part of the furnace body.
8. airflow bed gasification furnace according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the inner draft tube is cylindrical structure, or
For positive frustum cone structure, or the structure that is combined with the positive round platform in lower part for Upper cylindrical.
9. airflow bed gasification furnace according to claim 8, which is characterized in that a diameter of institute of the stack shell of the external flow guiding cylinder
State the average diameter of inner draft tube 2~3 times.
10. airflow bed gasification furnace according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the average diameter of the inner draft tube is institute
State the diameter of furnace body 0.2~0.5 times.
11. airflow bed gasification furnace according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the inner draft tube top and the furnace body
Dome between the distance that is spaced be 0.8~1.2 times of average diameter of the inner draft tube.
12. airflow bed gasification furnace according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the inner draft tube is Upper cylindrical under
The structure of the positive round platform combination in portion, the upper end diameter of the positive round platform in lower part is 0.4~0.6 times of lower end diameter.
13. according to claim 1~12 any one of them airflow bed gasification furnace, which is characterized in that the airflow bed gasification furnace
Further include:Interception baffle in the lower section of the external flow guiding cylinder is set, and the interception baffle is reclinate semielliptical shape knot
Structure or umbrella hat-shaped structure.
14. according to claim 1~12 any one of them airflow bed gasification furnace, which is characterized in that the airflow bed gasification furnace
Further include:At least one solid material nozzle being arranged at the top of the furnace body, the solid material nozzle interior are led towards described
The top inlet of flow cartridge.
15. according to claim 1~12 any one of them airflow bed gasification furnace, which is characterized in that the airflow bed gasification furnace
Further include:Gasification agent inlet in the bottom of furnace body is set, the syngas outlet on the sidewall of the furnace body top is set, with
And the particle overflow port in the sidewall of the furnace body lower part is set.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN109971511A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-05 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Coal hydrogenation gasification method |
CN110180871A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-08-30 | 苏州市东方环境技术研究有限公司 | A kind of metal powder technological processing for explosion protection feature device |
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CN103666577A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-03-26 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | Entrained-flow bed gasification furnace for coal hydrogenation |
CN104388124A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-03-04 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Entrained flow bed gasifier |
CN104611063A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-05-13 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Entrained-bed gasifier |
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EP0050905A1 (en) * | 1980-10-27 | 1982-05-05 | British Gas Corporation | Improvements in or relating to coal gasification process |
CN103666577A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-03-26 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | Entrained-flow bed gasification furnace for coal hydrogenation |
CN104388124A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-03-04 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Entrained flow bed gasifier |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN109971511A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-05 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Coal hydrogenation gasification method |
CN110180871A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-08-30 | 苏州市东方环境技术研究有限公司 | A kind of metal powder technological processing for explosion protection feature device |
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