CN108753317B - Clean coking process based on slow coal charging - Google Patents
Clean coking process based on slow coal charging Download PDFInfo
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- CN108753317B CN108753317B CN201810552577.1A CN201810552577A CN108753317B CN 108753317 B CN108753317 B CN 108753317B CN 201810552577 A CN201810552577 A CN 201810552577A CN 108753317 B CN108753317 B CN 108753317B
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B31/00—Charging devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B41/00—Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B43/00—Preventing or removing incrustations
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Abstract
The invention discloses a clean coking process based on slow coal charging, belonging to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection in the coking industry. The process comprises the steps of adopting a coal charging system to charge coal to a coke oven carbonization chamber at a low speed through a coal charging hole, prolonging the coal charging time to 20-150 min, recovering coal charging smoke dust generated in the coal charging process through a coke side coal charging smoke dust recovery system arranged on the coke side of the coke oven carbonization chamber, then sending the coal charging smoke dust into a coke oven combustion chamber to serve as supplementary fuel, and recovering raw coke gas generated in coking through a coke oven gas recovery system arranged on the coke oven carbonization chamber side. According to the invention, the coal is slowly charged into the coke oven carbonization chamber through the coal charging system, so that the coking coal is preheated and dried in the coke oven carbonization chamber, the moisture in the coking coal is removed as much as possible, the coke quality can be improved, and the generation amount of coking wastewater can be effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to clean coking by a coke oven, belongs to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection in the coking industry, and particularly relates to a clean coking process based on slow coal charging.
Background
The conditions for obtaining high-quality coke are as follows: the coking coal has large and uniform bulk density and good contact among coal particles. In order to increase the bulk density of blended coal, the conventional scheme is to reduce the water content of the blended coal, i.e., to dry the coal and reduce the water content to a certain degree before the coal enters the furnace.
The water contained in the coal material affects the degree of compaction of the coal material due to its surface properties, and also determines the coking time to a great extent due to the large specific heat and heat of vaporization of water, which is characterized by a large surface tension (20 ℃, 72.75 × 10 for water)-3N/m, crude benzene 28.88 × 10-3N/m, ethanol 22.03 × 10-3N/m), the surface tension of the water increases the capillary force to a certain limit as the moisture content of the coal increases. The force can reduce the fluidity of the bulk coal and increase the repose angle of the coal, so that the coal is loosened, the free space among coal particles is enlarged,the compactness of the coal charge is reduced.
The disappearance of moisture from the preheated coal may cause changes in the surface properties of the particles: the capillary force disappears, the particles are obviously close, and the bulk density of the coal material is sharply increased.
Drying and, if necessary, preheating the coal to temperatures above 100 ℃ is of practical significance for bulk coal systems. When a fluidized bed is used, the process is finished after drying for 0.5-2 minutes; when pneumatic conveying is used, the heat treatment takes at most a few seconds.
Research shows that the relationship between the change characteristic of heat conduction to preheated and wet coal as fired during coking and the coking time shows that the coking time of the preheated coal at the temperature of about 300 ℃ is shortened to 1-6 hours.
The vertical shrinkage is small during the pre-heating coal material coking, and the linear velocity of gas escaping from the coal material entering the furnace with fast coking is larger in a smaller top space. The volatilized products are quickly led out from the space at the top of the furnace, so that the volatilized products are difficult to obtain the chance of secondary cracking, and the chance of generating graphite is reduced.
The drying or preheating of the coking coal prior to charging into the coking chamber may be used as a preparatory process for the coal in a top coal charging system of the coking chamber. By this process, it is possible to produce coke from coal having poor coking properties and to improve the coke oven productivity.
The effect of coal drying and preheating on its properties depends on the temperature used, the residence time of the coal at that temperature and the properties of the medium. The optimum parameters of this process are closely related to the properties (degree of deterioration, coal particle size) of the coal fed to this process.
The beneficial effect of coal drying and preheating on coke quality is not due to the improvement of coking performance, but is caused by the change of coking process in the coking chamber, which is caused by the moisture removal and preheating of the coal, because the heating to 200 ℃ does not cause great change of the properties of the coking coal, but the further heating directly causes the property deterioration. However, the removal of the water film around the coal particles causes the surface tension to disappear and the adsorption force of the particles to decrease, so that the coal material has increased looseness, and the particles can be tightly packed. As a result, the bulk density of the coal material is increased to the maximum at 200-250 ℃ and is reduced when the bulk density is higher than 250 ℃. This is due to the softening of the coal particles and their wetting on the surface by the incipient liquid product, which increases the difficulty of the particles moving with respect to each other. However, the increase in coal density does not result in a decrease in thermal conductivity, as when wet coal is compacted and tamped.
The preheating causes two characteristics of the coal material, namely the bulk density increase and the enthalpy increase, to have important influence on the process of the coking chamber. The heating rate at various stages of the process, the thickness of the plastic layer and the time during which the plastic state exists, and the heating gradient that determines the stresses and cracks in the char and coke are varied as a result of the preheating. In this way, the average heating rate of successive layers of coal to plastic phase temperature (350 ℃) increases, while the average heating rate decreases over the plastic phase temperature range (350-450 ℃) and the next coking stage (450-700 ℃). The increase in heating rate in the first stage of the process is due to the reduction in heat required to vaporize the water and raise the enthalpy of the coal charge. For this reason the plastic layer moves faster in the direction of the cold side towards the centre of the chamber. The movement of the hot side of the plastic layer is also increased, although at a lesser rate. As a result, the plastic layer and the semicoke layer are increased in thickness. Secondly, the expansion of the gas-filled plastic layer and the increase in the mass of the pyrolysed coal lead to a reduction in the heating rate during the plastic phase and even a doubling of the residence time of the plastic state.
The preheating of coking coal in China has been reported in the last 50 century, for example, units such as Wurime gas plant, saddle steel coking plant in Shanghai research the coal change condition of coking coal at different preheating temperatures and the influence on coke quality. The coking change of the coal material is not large when the coal material is preheated to 150 ℃ in any atmosphere; when the final temperature of preheating is higher, the surrounding atmosphere has certain influence on the coal quality. The y-value of the colloidal layer decreased significantly (from 16 to 12.5) when the coal was preheated to 350 ℃ in an oxidizing atmosphere. And preheating to 350 ℃ under a reducing atmosphere, wherein the change is not obvious (16 is reduced by 15); the influence of the heat preservation time of the coal material on the change of the coal quality is related to the final preheating temperature and the protective atmosphere, the coal is preheated to 200 ℃ in the oxidizing atmosphere, the heat preservation is carried out for 1 hour, the y value is reduced from 17 to 15, the heat preservation is carried out for 1.5 hours, and the y value is reduced to 14. The preheating temperature is higher, so that the coking property is difficult to maintain completely. And preheating to 200 ℃ in a reducing atmosphere, keeping the temperature for 1 hour, reducing the y value from 16 to 15, keeping the temperature for 1.5 hours, reducing the y value to 14, and ensuring that the coking damage is not large even if the temperature is preheated to 300 ℃ and kept for 0.5 hour.
However, the engineering practice of preheating and drying coking in China is late, and the 1 st set of coal moisture control device in China is built on heavy steel in 1996. The device adopts the Japanese first-generation heat-conducting oil coal humidifying technology, the moisture of coal at the inlet of the dryer is 11%, the moisture of coal at the outlet of the dryer is 6.5%, and the system is debugged, does not run smoothly due to various reasons and finally stops running completely in 2001. After 2000 years, the development and application of the coal moisture control technology in China enter a rapid development stage. On the basis of introducing and absorbing foreign advanced technologies, a coal moisture control technology with independent intellectual property rights is developed, iron and steel enterprises such as economic steel, precious steel, Tai steel, climbing steel, horse steel, willow steel and the like are built in sequence to put into production a batch of coal moisture control devices, and the moisture of coal as fired is controlled to be about 8%.
In general, preheating coal coking has the following effects:
(1) blending cheap coal with poor coking property;
(2) the construction investment of coke oven units is reduced;
(3) for a coke oven, the unit production cost is reduced;
(4) the energy with low heating value can be used when the coal is preheated;
(5) the amount of wastewater is reduced.
However, in the actual production process, some problems which are difficult to overcome and even violate the current environmental protection requirements appear, such as large dust raising amount and unobvious energy-saving effect. Because most of these coal drying pretreatment processes use steam as a drying heat source. Particularly, in the coal charging process, a large amount of coal dust enters a coal gas recovery system along with raw coal gas, so that a series of problems such as blockage, poor tar quality and the like are caused.
With the development of the large-scale technology of the coke oven, the equipment related to coal charging is also technically improved,the coal charging holes have increased from 2 of the original small coke ovens to 4 of the current 6-meter ovens. However, the core process of coal charging is not changed, and the coking coal is conveyed to the position right above the coking chamber of the coke oven by adopting a coal charging car and is charged into the coking chamber through the coal charging hole of the coking chamber. In the current coking production, the coal charging operation of each furnace is generally controlled to be 2-3 minutes. After the coal enters the carbonization chamber, a large amount of air is converted from the coal material, and the oxygen in the air and the fine coal particles entering the furnace are combusted to generate carbon black at the beginning of charging to form black smoke. Meanwhile, the coal as fired is contacted with the high-temperature furnace wall and heated to generate a large amount of water vapor and raw coke oven gas. This process typically lasts about 1 to 1.5 minutes. According to actual measurement (for the effective area of the carbonization chamber, 117 meters2Measured value of ascending pipe injection) is used, and the amount of soot generated during coal charging is 130 to 140Nm3Minute, the smoke dust amount is reduced slightly within the time period of 30-40 seconds of coal charging, and the minimum value is about 100Nm3And/min. The moisture content of the wet coal gas at the initial stage of coal charging is 40-50% (Yao Zhao, coking, metallurgy and Industrial Press, 1983: 131), so the dry dust content is about 0.6Nm3M is2. This value varies depending on factors such as the furnace wall temperature, the coal charging speed, the nature of the coal, etc.
Therefore, under the existing coking process conditions, how to effectively increase the temperature of the coal as fired and reduce the influence on the environment and other systems in the coal pretreatment process becomes the bottleneck which restricts the development of the coal pretreatment technology at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a clean coking process based on slow coal charging, which can fully dry coking coal by prolonging the coal charging time.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a clean coking process based on slow coal charging, which is carried out in a coke oven carbonization chamber and a coke oven combustion chamber of a coke oven, and comprises the following steps of adopting a coal charging system positioned above the coke oven carbonization chamber to charge coal into the coke oven carbonization chamber through a coal charging hole, and is characterized in that: controlling the coal charging time to be 20-150 min, collecting coal charging smoke dust generated in the coal charging process through a coke side coal charging smoke dust recovery system arranged on the coke side of a coke oven carbonization chamber, sending the collected coal charging smoke dust into a coke oven combustion chamber to serve as supplementary fuel, and recovering raw coke gas generated in the coking process through a coke oven gas recovery system arranged on the coke oven carbonization chamber side.
Furthermore, the coke side coal charging smoke dust recovery system comprises a coal charging dust collecting main pipe used for conveying smoke to the coke oven combustion chamber and a coal charging smoke dust combustion chamber positioned between the coal charging dust collecting main pipe and the coke oven carbonization chamber, wherein the coal charging smoke dust enters the coal charging smoke dust combustion chamber to be combusted, mixed oxygen is removed, and then the coal charging smoke dust is conveyed to the coke oven combustion chamber through the coal charging dust collecting main pipe to serve as supplementary fuel.
And the coke side coal-charging smoke dust recovery system further comprises a water seal valve, one end of the water seal valve is connected with the coke oven carbonization chamber and is used for cooling the coal-charging smoke dust and eluting partial dust, and the other end of the water seal valve is connected with an air inlet of the coal-charging smoke dust combustion chamber.
Preferably, the water-sealed valve is a U-shaped pipeline, a water level regulating valve and a dredging valve for dredging the blockage of the valve in the pipeline are arranged in the U-shaped pipeline, high-pressure water or high-pressure steam can be sprayed through the dredging valve to realize the purpose of dredging the valve in the pipeline, and water flow and washed dust enter a sedimentation tank connected with the water-sealed valve along a return pipe of the water-sealed valve arranged on the water-sealed valve. And simultaneously, controlling the temperature of the coal-charging smoke dust to be less than or equal to 300 ℃ by the water seal valve, preferably opening a water injection valve on the water seal valve to spray water to cool the coal-charging smoke dust, and similarly, enabling water flow and washed dust to enter a sedimentation tank connected with the water seal valve along a water seal valve return pipe arranged on the water seal valve.
Furthermore, 2-3 coke oven carbonization chambers of each coke oven share one coal charging smoke dust combustion chamber, and an air outlet of each coal charging smoke dust combustion chamber is connected with a coal charging dust collection header pipe.
Preferably, a dust removal automatic regulating valve is arranged on a pipeline connecting the coal charging smoke dust combustion chamber and the coal charging dust collection header pipe.
Preferably, an automatic igniter, a combustion chamber diffusion port for discharging flue gas and a diffusion port flap valve are arranged in the coal-charging smoke combustion chamber, so that accidents caused by too large air pressure in the coal-charging smoke combustion chamber and the coke oven carbonization chamber are avoided.
Preferably, a temperature controller and a heat-resistant exhaust fan are further arranged on a gas pipeline connecting the coal-charging dust-collecting main pipe and the combustion chamber of the coke oven, the temperature controller controls the temperature of flue gas entering the combustion chamber of the coke oven to be less than or equal to 300, and the temperature controller is preferably a heat exchanger or spray cooling type equipment.
Furthermore, for the coke oven with the length of the coke oven carbonization chamber exceeding 16 meters and more than 6 meters, each coke oven carbonization chamber is provided with 5-8 coal charging holes.
Furthermore, the coal charging system comprises a coal charging system support frame which can move along the central axis direction of the coke oven carbonization chamber, and a cover uncovering device and a sealing cover for sealing each coal charging hole are arranged on the coal charging system support frame.
Furthermore, two ends of the coal charging system support frame are respectively provided with a lifting mechanism, and each lifting mechanism) is respectively connected with a movable wheel which moves along a traveling track arranged on the top of the coke oven.
Preferably, the coal charging hole cover can be opened or covered by starting a switch on the cover uncovering device.
Preferably, the purpose of sealing the coal charging hole by the sealing cover can be realized by starting the coal charging system support frame to move along the central axis direction of the coke oven carbonization chamber, and the escape probability of the coal charging smoke dust is reduced.
Furthermore, the sealing covers are hollow round pipes with openings at the upper ends and the lower ends, and the lower end of each sealing cover is provided with a sealing skirt edge.
Furthermore, the coal charging system is a coal charging vehicle type charging system which comprises a coal charging vehicle, a coal storage bin, a blanking hopper, a coal charging pipe and a coal guiding sleeve which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom along the direction of the central axis of the coke oven carbonization chamber, and a sealing cover is sleeved along the outer side wall of each coal guiding sleeve.
Preferably, a blanking device can be arranged on the blanking hopper, and the blanking device is a vibration blanking device.
Furthermore, the coal charging system is a multi-coal-tower charging system which comprises a coal charging tower, a coal storage bin, a blanking hopper, a coal conveying pipe, an independent small coal bin, a blanking valve and a coal charging pipe) and a coal guiding sleeve which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom along the direction of the central axis of the coke oven carbonization chamber, and a sealing cover is sleeved on the outer side wall of each coal guiding sleeve.
Preferably, a blanking device can be arranged on the blanking hopper, and the blanking device is a vibration blanking device.
Furthermore, the coal conveying pipes are horizontally arranged right above the coal charging holes, and each coal conveying pipe simultaneously conveys coal to a plurality of coke oven carbonization chambers.
Furthermore, each coke oven corresponds to a plurality of coal charging towers, and each coal charging tower is used for feeding coal to two coal conveying pipes.
Furthermore, a heating sleeve for preheating coal is sleeved on the outer side wall of each coal conveying pipe, and a feeder for feeding coal to each coke oven carbonization chamber is arranged in each coal conveying pipe.
Preferably, the feeder is a screw feeder or a scraper feeder.
Preferably, the coal storage amount of each small independent coal bunker is 5-15% of the coal loading amount of each coke oven carbonization chamber.
Preferably, the coal storage amount of each independent small coal bunker is 10% of the coal loading amount of each coke oven carbonization chamber.
Furthermore, the coal charging system comprises a coal storage bin and a conveying device used for conveying coal to the coal storage bin, the coal storage bin comprises a blanking hopper correspondingly arranged above each coal charging hole, a blanking valve, a coal charging pipe and a coal guide sleeve which are sequentially connected with the blanking hopper from top to bottom along the direction of the central axis of the coke oven carbonization chamber, and a sealing cover is further sleeved on the outer side wall of each coal guide sleeve.
Furthermore, the conveying device comprises a belt coal conveyer positioned between the two coal storage bins and a bin coal conveying belt conveyor used for conveying coal to each lower hopper.
The principle of the clean coking process based on slow coal charging of the invention is as follows:
the coal charging time is prolonged to 20-150 min, the coking coal is preheated by high temperature in the coke oven in the slow coal charging process, most of generated moisture vapor and smoke dust generated in the coal charging process are sent to a combustion chamber of the coke oven by a coke side coal charging smoke dust recovery system to serve as supplementary fuel, meanwhile, in order to reduce the probability of smoke dust escaping in the coal charging process, a sealing cover is preferably arranged at each coal charging hole correspondingly, in addition, a water sealing valve in the coke side coal charging smoke dust recovery system can cool the coal charging smoke dust water and remove a part of coal dust underwater, and the combustion chamber in the coke side coal charging smoke dust recovery system can remove oxygen mixed in the smoke gas and diffuse the smoke gas in sudden accidents.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly embodied in the following aspects:
(1) the coking process designed by the invention changes the traditional process of preheating and drying the coking coal before charging coal, and directly dries the coking coal in a coking chamber of a coke oven by utilizing the characteristic of large-scale coke oven, thereby not only saving the investment of preheating and drying the coking coal, but also eliminating the problems of dust emission and VOC emission generated in the preheating and drying process of the coking coal;
(2) the coking process designed by the invention adopts a slow coal charging mode of increasing coal charging holes but controlling the coal charging speed, prolongs the traditional coal charging time to be 20-150 min from 2-3 min according to different coal charging modes, dries and removes water in the coking coal entering the furnace as much as possible under the high-temperature action in the coking chamber, can reduce the generation amount of coking wastewater by more than 60 percent, and can improve the quality of coke to a certain extent;
(3) the invention adopts a slow coal charging mode for controlling the coal charging speed, also slows down the impact of the coal as fired on the furnace wall of the coke oven carbonization chamber, reduces the peak value of the smoke dust with large burst amount in the original coal charging process, and can reduce the investment of coal charging and dust removal or reduce the overflow probability of the coal charging smoke dust;
(4) in the coking process designed by the invention, the generated fine coal dust is pumped into the coal charging dust collecting main pipe by the exhaust fan as much as possible in the coal charging process and is sent into the combustion chamber of the coke oven to be used as a supplementary fuel for coking of the coke oven, so that on one hand, the energy is fully utilized, and on the other hand, the quality of coke generated by coking can be improved to a certain extent.
(5) The coking process designed by the invention basically eliminates the raw gas diffusion in the accident state, and in addition, the quality of the raw gas in the diffusion state is improved, and the atmosphere quality around the coke oven is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a coking system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a coal charging and coking system of the coal charging car of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a coal charging and coking system of the coal charging car of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a multi-tower coal charging coking system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a multi-tower coal charging coking system according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a coal tower-free and coal car-free coal charging coking system according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a coal tower-free and coal car-free coal charging coking system according to the present invention;
the reference numerals for the components in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 are as follows:
coke oven carbonization chamber 1 (wherein: coal charging hole 1.1)
A coke side coal charging smoke dust recovery system 2 (wherein, a coke side ascending pipe 2.1 (wherein, a coke side ascending pipe cover 2.11), a water seal valve 2.2 (wherein, a water seal valve water inlet pipe 2.21, a water injection valve 2.22, a water level regulating valve 2.23, a water seal valve return pipe 2.24, a water seal valve overflow pipe 2.25, a dredging valve 2.26), a coal charging smoke dust combustion chamber 2.3 (wherein, an automatic igniter 2.31, a combustion chamber diffusion port 2.32, a diffusion port flap valve 2.33), a coal charging dust collection header pipe 2.4 and a coke side automatic regulating valve 2.5;
a machine side coke oven gas recovery system 3 (wherein, the machine side ascending pipe 3.1, the machine side ascending pipe cover 3.11, the elbow and bridge pipe 3.2, the pi-shaped pipe 3.3, the machine side manual regulating valve 3.4, the machine side automatic regulating valve 3.5, the machine side gas collecting pipe 3.6, the machine side gas suction pipe 3.7, the ammonia water pipe 3.8 and the tar box 3.9);
a coal charging system 4 (wherein, a coal charging car 4.1a, a coal charging tower 4.1b (a coal tower coke side upright post 4.1b-1, a coal tower machine side upright post 4.1b-2), a conveying device 4.1c (wherein, a belt coal conveyer 4.1c-1, a warehouse coal conveying belt machine 4.1c-2), a coal storage bin 4.2, a blanking hopper 4.3 (wherein, a blanking device 4.3a), a coal conveying pipe 4.4 (wherein, a heating sleeve 4.41, a feeder 4.42, a coal conveying pipe manhole 4.43, a motor 4.44), an independent small coal bin 4.5, a blanking valve 4.6, a coal charging pipe 4.7, a coal guiding sleeve 4.8, a coal charging system support frame 4.9 (wherein, a sealing cover 4.9a (wherein, a sealing skirt 4.9a-1), a cover opener 4.9b, a lifting mechanism 4.91, a movable wheel 4.92 and a traveling track 4.93);
a walking platform 5.
Detailed Description
In order to better explain the invention, the following further illustrate the main content of the invention in connection with specific examples, but the content of the invention is not limited to the following examples.
In the embodiment, a coke oven with 2 × 6 m and 55 holes of a certain coke plant is adopted, the coke capacity is 110 ten thousand tons/year, each coking chamber of the existing coke oven is provided with 4 coal charging holes, coal charging flue gas is discharged after dust is collected and purified by a ground dust removal station, the maximum dust collection air volume is 8 ten thousand meters3H is used as the reference value. The crude gas amount of the coke oven is about 55000Nm3And h, the coking time is 18-20 hours. The coal gas recovery system adopts a coke side coal-charging smoke dust recovery system and a machine side coke oven gas recovery system which are respectively arranged at two ends of each coke oven carbonization chamber.
This example discloses a clean coking process based on slow coal charging, which is carried out in a coking system as shown in FIG. 1.
As shown in FIG. 1, the coking system of the present invention comprises a coke oven carbonization chamber 1, a coke side coal charging smoke dust recovery system 2 and a machine side coke oven gas recovery system 3 respectively arranged at the coke side of the coke oven carbonization chamber 1, wherein the coke side coal charging smoke dust recovery system 2 is used for recovering coal charging smoke dust in the coal charging process or raw coke gas in the coking accident, and the machine side coke oven gas recovery system 3 is used for recovering raw coke gas in the coking process. As can be seen from fig. 1, the top end of the coke oven carbonization chamber 1 is provided with a plurality of coal charging holes 1.1 for adding coking coal into the coke oven carbonization chamber 1, and the coke side coal charging smoke dust recovery system 2 comprises a coke side ascending pipe 2.1 (the coke side ascending pipe 2.1 is also provided with a coke side ascending pipe cover 2.11), a water seal valve 2.2, a coal charging smoke dust combustion chamber 2.3 and a coal charging dust collection header pipe 2.4 for conveying smoke to the coke oven combustion chamber, wherein the coke side ascending pipe 2.1 is communicated with the coke oven carbonization chamber 1; the water seal valve 2.2 is a U-shaped pipeline, one end of the U-shaped pipeline is connected with a coke side ascending pipe 2.1, the other end of the U-shaped pipeline is connected with a coal charging smoke dust combustion chamber 2.3, the coal charging smoke dust combustion chamber 2.3 is communicated with the coke side ascending pipe 2.1 through the water seal valve 2.2, an internal pipeline is kept communicated, and the coal charging smoke dust combustion chamber 2.3 is connected with a coal charging dust collecting main pipe 2.4; meanwhile, an automatic igniter 2.31 is arranged inside the coal-charging smoke combustion chamber 2.3, a combustion chamber diffusing port 2.32 is arranged at the top end of the coal-charging smoke combustion chamber 2.3, and an automatic flap valve 2.33 is arranged on the combustion chamber diffusing port 2.32; a gas pipeline connected with the coal charging dust collecting main pipe 2.4 and the combustion chamber of the coke oven is provided with a temperature controller and a heat-resistant exhaust fan, the temperature controller controls the temperature of flue gas entering the combustion chamber of the coke oven to be less than or equal to 300 ℃, and the temperature controller is preferably a heat exchanger or spray cooling type equipment.
Referring to fig. 1 again, the pipeline of the water seal valve 2.2 is a U-shaped pipeline, a water seal valve water inlet pipe 2.21, a water seal valve overflow pipe 2.25 and a water seal valve return pipe 2.24 are arranged on the U-shaped pipeline, a water injection valve 2.22 is arranged on the water seal valve water inlet pipe 2.21, a water level regulating valve 2.23 is arranged inside the U-shaped pipe, a dredging valve 2.26 for spraying high-pressure water or high-pressure steam is arranged at the lower end of the bottom of the U-shaped pipe, and the tail end of the water seal valve return pipe 2.24 is connected with a sedimentation tank; when coal-charging smoke dust flows through the water seal valve 2.2 during coal charging, the water seal valve 2.2 cools the coal-charging smoke dust on one hand, and washes partial smoke dust on the other hand, the washed dust is washed by water flow, enters a water seal valve return pipe 2.24 through a water level regulating valve 2.23 of the water seal valve 2.2 and enters a sedimentation tank connected with the water seal valve return pipe 2.24 along with water flow in a pipe to obtain coal powder solid, and the coal powder solid can be used as coking coal of a coke oven again after dehydration is realized; the cooled flue gas enters a coal-charging smoke dust combustion chamber 2.3 under the suction action of a coke side heat-resistant exhaust fan; when the smoke gas entering the coal charging smoke dust combustion chamber 2.3 contains oxygen, the automatic igniter 2.31 automatically ignites until the oxygen is exhausted to obtain residual gas, and the residual gas enters the coal charging dust collection main pipe 2.4 and is sent into a combustion chamber of a coke oven to be used as coal gas supplement for coking.
In addition, if the valve inside the water seal valve 2.2 is blocked by dust solids, the dredging valve 2.26 is opened to spray high-pressure water or high-pressure steam to clean the valve so as to realize the purpose of dredging the deposit in the valve, and water flow and dust washed by water enter a sedimentation tank connected with the water seal valve 2.2 along a water seal valve return pipe 2.24 arranged on the water seal valve 2.2.
Meanwhile, the machine side coke oven gas recovery system 3 for recovering the crude gas in the coking process is an existing crude gas recovery system, and is used for extracting the crude gas generated in a coke oven carbonization chamber in the coke oven coking process, as shown in fig. 1, the machine side coke oven gas recovery system comprises a machine side riser 3.1 (a machine side riser cover 3.11 is also arranged on the machine side riser 3.1), an elbow and a bridge pipe 3.2, a pi-shaped pipe 3.3, a machine side manual regulating valve 3.4, a machine side automatic regulating valve 3.5, a machine side gas collecting pipe 3.6, a gas suction pipe 3.7, an ammonia water pipe 3.8 and a tar box 3.9, wherein the machine side gas collecting pipe 3.6 is also connected with the machine side gas suction pipe 3.7 through the pi-shaped pipe 3.3, the machine side gas suction pipe 3.7 is connected with a gas purification system, the pi-shaped pipe 3.3 is provided with the machine side manual regulating valve 3.4 and the machine side automatic regulating valve 3.5, and the process that the specific machine side coke oven: the raw gas entering the elbow and the bridge pipe 3.2 is cooled by ammonia water sprayed along an ammonia water pipe 3.8, so that the temperature of the raw gas is reduced to 70-80 ℃, the cooled raw gas enters a machine side gas collecting pipe 3.6, tar in the raw gas enters a tar box 3.9, gas in the raw gas enters a machine side gas suction pipe 3.7 along a pi-shaped pipe 3.3 and is discharged outside, liquid in the raw gas also enters the machine side gas suction pipe 3.7 after flowing through the tar box 3.9, and wastewater is treated by a subsequent gas purification system.
The invention also preferably selects a coke oven with the length of the coke oven carbonization chamber 1 more than 16 meters and more than 6 meters, and each coke oven carbonization chamber 1 is provided with 5-8 coal charging holes 1.1.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a coal charging system 4 of the present invention charges coal by using a coal charging car, the coal charging system 4 includes a coal charging car 4.1a for charging coal and transferring the coal into a coke oven carbonization chamber 1, the coal charging car 4.1a includes a coal storage bin 4.2, a lower end of the coal storage bin 4.2 is provided with a lower hopper 4.3 for conveying coal to each coal charging pipe 4.7 (a blanking valve for controlling blanking amount may be provided on the lower hopper), one end of the coal charging pipe 4.7 is connected with a coal guiding sleeve 4.8, the coal guiding sleeve 4.8 may extend into a coal charging hole 1.1 of the coke oven carbonization chamber 1 and convey the coal to the coke oven carbonization chamber 1, in addition, the coal charging system further includes a coal charging system support frame 4.9 located on the top of the coke oven, and a cover uncovering device 4.9b and a sealing cover for sealing each coal charging hole 4.1a of the coke oven carbonization chamber 1 are provided on the coal charging system support frame 4.9; the sealing cover 4.9a is preferably a hollow round tube with openings at the upper end and the lower end, and the lower end of the sealing cover 4.9a is provided with a sealing skirt 4.9 a-1. The invention also preferably selects the same number of the coal charging holes 1.1 as the uncovering devices 4.9b and the sealing covers 4.9 a.
As shown in FIG. 2, the coal charging system support frame 4.9 is preferably arranged on the coal charging pipe 4.7 in a sliding locking manner, and the coal charging system support frame 4.9 can slide up and down along the central axis direction of the coal charging pipe 4.7.
As shown in FIG. 3, it is preferable that the two ends of the coal charging system support frame 4.9 are respectively provided with a lifting mechanism 4.91, each lifting mechanism 4.91 is respectively connected with a movable wheel 4.92, the movable wheels 4.92 move along a traveling track 4.93 arranged on the top of the coke oven, on one hand, the coal charging system support frame 4.9 is ensured to slide up and down along the central axis of the coal charging pipe 4.7 by controlling the lifting mechanisms 4.91, and on the other hand, the coal charging system support frame 4.9 can move on the top of the coke oven by moving the movable wheels 4.92.
When the coal charging system 4 shown in fig. 2 and 3 starts to charge coal, the coal charging car 4.1a is conveyed to the top of the coke oven, so that each discharging hopper 4.3 corresponds to each coal charging hole 1.1; moving a support frame 4.9 of the coal charging system downwards, starting a cover opener 4.9b to open a coal charging hole cover on a coal charging hole 1.1, extending a coal guide sleeve 4.8 into the coal charging hole 1.1, and enabling a sealing skirt 4.9a-1 of each sealing cover 4.9a to be attached to the top of the coke oven to ensure that each coal charging hole 1.1 is sealed; the coal charging car 4.1a starts to charge coal into the coke oven carbonization chamber 1, the coal charging time of a common single coke oven is only 2-3 min, the coal charging time is prolonged to 20-60 min (preferably 30min), meanwhile, a gas channel of the coke side coal charging smoke dust recovery system 2 is opened in the coal charging process, an internal channel of the coke oven gas recovery system 3 on the machine side is closed, coal charging smoke dust flows through a water seal valve 2.2 to be separated to obtain dust and flue gas, the dust enters a sedimentation tank connected with a water seal valve return pipe 2.24 along with internal water flow of the water seal valve 2.2 to obtain coal dust solid, and the flue gas enters the combustion chamber 2.3; the automatic igniter 2.31 in the combustion chamber 2.3 automatically ignites and burns until oxygen is exhausted when the flue gas contains oxygen, and residual gas is obtained; after the combustion is finished, the automatic dust removal regulating valve 2.5 is opened, the residual gas enters the coal charging dust collecting main pipe 2.4, and the temperature of the flue gas entering the combustion chamber of the coke oven is controlled to be less than or equal to 300 ℃ until the coal charging is finished.
As shown in figures 4, 5 and 6, the coal charging system 4 of the invention adopts a mode of arranging a plurality of coal towers for charging coal, each coke oven corresponds to a plurality of coal charging towers, 3-7 coal charging towers 4.1b are preferably established on the top of the coke oven of each coke oven, meanwhile, compared with the traditional coal tower, the height and the width of the coal charging tower 4.1b are reduced, the coal charging tower 4.1b comprises a coal tower coke side upright post 4.1b-1, a coal tower machine side upright post 4.1b-2 and a coal storage bin 4.2 formed by enclosing the coal tower coke side upright post 4.1b-1 and the coal tower machine side upright post 4.1b-2, the lower ends of the coal storage bins 4.2 are provided with blanking hoppers 4.3, blanking devices 4.3a are arranged on the blanking hoppers 4.14, the preferred blanking devices 4.3a are vibrating blanking devices, the discharge hole of each blanking hopper 4.3 is connected with the feeding hole of one coal conveying pipe 4.4, and the number of the coal conveying pipes 4.4 is equal to that of the coal charging holes of each coke oven carbonization chamber 1. Meanwhile, 6-8 parallel coal conveying pipes 4.4 are preferably arranged on one coke oven, the direction of the central axis of each coal conveying pipe 4.4 is perpendicular to a coke oven carbonization chamber 1, each coal conveying pipe 4.4 is used for conveying coal to a plurality of coke oven carbonization chambers 1, a heating sleeve 4.41 for preheating coal is sleeved on the outer side wall of each coal conveying pipe 4.4, hot flue gas or steam is preferably conveyed in the heating sleeve 4.41 to heat, dry and dewater the coal, a feeder 4.42 is arranged in each coal conveying pipe 4.4, the feeder 4.42 is preferably a spiral feeder or a scraper conveyor, a motor 4.44 for driving the feeder 4.42 to move is arranged on the feeder, and a coal conveying pipe manhole 4.43 is also arranged on each coal conveying pipe 4.4 and is positioned right above each coal charging hole 1.1. Meanwhile, each discharge port of the coal conveying pipe 4.4 is connected with an independent small coal bunker 4.5 which is used for storing a certain coal amount, the coal storage amount of each independent small coal bunker 4.5 is preferably 5-15% of the coal charging amount of each coke oven carbonization chamber 1, the independent small coal bunker 4.5 is connected with one end of a coal connecting pipe 4.7, the other end of the coal connecting pipe 4.7 is connected with a coal guiding sleeve 4.8, and a discharging valve 4.6 is arranged in the coal connecting pipe 4.7; in addition, the coal charging system also comprises a coal charging system support frame 4.9 positioned on the top of the coke oven, and a cover uncovering device 4.9b and a sealing cover 4.9a for sealing each coal charging hole 1.1 on the coke oven carbonization chamber 1 are arranged on the coal charging system support frame 4.9; the sealing cover 4.9a is preferably a hollow round tube with openings at the upper end and the lower end, and the lower end of the sealing cover 4.9a is provided with a sealing skirt 4.9 a-1. The invention also preferably selects the same number of the coal charging holes 1.1 as the uncovering devices 4.9b and the sealing covers 4.9 a.
As shown in FIG. 5, the coal charging system support frame 4.9 is preferably arranged on the coal charging pipe 4.7 in a sliding locking manner, and the coal charging system support frame 4.9 can slide up and down along the central axis direction of the coal charging pipe 4.7.
As shown in FIG. 6, it is preferable that the two ends of the coal charging system support frame 4.9 are respectively provided with a lifting mechanism 4.91, each lifting mechanism 4.91 is respectively connected with a movable wheel 4.92, the movable wheels 4.92 move along a traveling track 4.93 arranged on the top of the coke oven, on one hand, the lifting mechanism 4.91 is controlled to ensure that the coal charging system support frame 4.9 slides up and down along the central axis of the coal charging pipe 4.7, and on the other hand, the movable wheels 4.92 are moved to ensure that the coal charging system support frame 4.9 moves on the top of the coke oven.
When the coal charging system 4 shown in the figures 4, 4 and 6 starts to charge coal, the bracket 4.9 is moved downwards, the cover opener 4.9b is started to open the coal charging hole cover on the coal charging hole 1.1, the coal guide sleeve 4.8 extends into the coal charging hole 1.1, and each sealing cover 4.9a seals each coal charging hole 1.1; starting a blanking device 4.3a and a feeder 4.42, preheating coal in a coal conveying pipe 4.4, starting a blanking valve 4.6 to charge the coal, wherein the coal charging time is 60-150 min, simultaneously opening a gas channel of a coke side coke oven gas recovery system 2, closing an internal channel of the coke side coke oven gas recovery system 3, separating coal charging smoke dust through a water seal valve 2.2 to obtain dust and smoke, enabling the dust to enter a sedimentation tank connected with a water seal valve return pipe 2.24 along with internal water flow of the water seal valve 2.2 to obtain coal powder solid, and enabling the smoke to enter a combustion chamber 2.3; the automatic igniter 2.31 in the combustion chamber 2.3 automatically ignites and burns until oxygen is exhausted when the flue gas contains oxygen, and residual gas is obtained; after the combustion is finished, the automatic dust removal regulating valve 2.5 is opened, the residual gas enters the coal charging dust collecting main pipe 2.4, and the temperature of the flue gas entering the combustion chamber of the coke oven is controlled to be less than or equal to 300 ℃ until the coal charging is finished.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, a coal charging system 4 of the invention charges coal in a manner of a coal tower-free coal car, the coal charging system 4 comprises coal storage bins 4.2 located above the top of a coke oven, the number of rows of the coal storage bins 4.2 is preferably the same as the number of coal charging holes of each coke oven carbonization chamber 1, the number of the coal charging holes is preferably 5-8, the coal storage bins 4.2 are horizontally arranged on the top of the coke oven, each coal storage bin 4.2 simultaneously feeds coal to a plurality of adjacent coke oven carbonization chambers 1, a conveying device 4.1c is arranged between every two coal storage bins 4.2, each conveying device 4.1c comprises a belt coal conveyor 4.1c-1 and a coal feeding belt conveyor 4.1c-2, and a traveling platform 5 is further arranged above the top of the coke oven; due to the coal tower-free and coal-loading-free vehicle, coal from a coal blending system is conveyed to the warehousing coal conveying belt machine 4.1c-2 through the belt coal conveyor 4.1c-1 and conveyed to the coal storage bin 4.2 through the warehousing coal conveying belt machine 4.1 c-2. The coal storage bin 4.2 comprises a plurality of discharging hoppers 4.3 which are respectively used for conveying coal to the coal charging holes 1.1 of each coke oven carbonization chamber 1, each discharging hopper 4.3 is provided with a discharging device 4.3a, and the discharging device 4.3a is preferably a vibration discharging device in the invention; the coal storage amount of the lower hopper 4.3 is 20-40% (preferably 30%) of the coal charging amount of each coke oven carbonization chamber 1, the lower hopper 4.3 is connected with one end of a coal charging pipe 4.7, the other end of the coal charging pipe 4.7 is connected with a coal guiding sleeve 4.8 which can extend into a coal charging hole 1.1, and a discharging valve 4.6 is also arranged in the coal charging pipe 4.7; the blanking valve 4.6 controls the blanking speed.
In addition, the coal charging system also comprises a coal charging system support frame 4.9 positioned on the top of the coke oven, and a cover uncovering device 4.9b and a sealing cover 4.9a for sealing each coal charging hole 1.1 on the coke oven carbonization chamber 1 are arranged on the coal charging system support frame 4.9; the sealing cover 4.9a is preferably a hollow round tube with openings at the upper end and the lower end, and the lower end of the sealing cover 4.9a is provided with a sealing skirt 4.9 a-1. The invention also preferably selects the same number of the coal charging holes 1.1 as the uncovering devices 4.9b and the sealing covers 4.9 a.
As shown in fig. 7, the coal charging system support frame 4.9 is preferably arranged on the coal charging pipe 4.7 in a sliding locking manner, and the coal charging system support frame 4.9 can slide up and down along the central axis direction of the coal charging pipe 4.7.
As shown in FIG. 8, it is preferable that the two ends of the coal charging system support frame 4.9 are respectively provided with a lifting mechanism 4.91, each lifting mechanism 4.91 is respectively connected with a movable wheel 4.92, the movable wheels 4.92 move along a traveling track 4.93 arranged on the top of the coke oven, on one hand, the lifting mechanism 4.91 is controlled to ensure that the coal charging system support frame 4.9 slides up and down along the central axis of the coal charging pipe 4.7, and on the other hand, the movable wheels 4.92 are moved to ensure that the coal charging system support frame 4.9 moves on the top of the coke oven.
The slow coal charging process can realize the full preheating and drying of the coal, and remove moisture in the coal as fired as much as possible, thereby reducing the generation amount of coking wastewater and improving the coke quality to a certain extent; moreover, the mode of slowly charging coal at a constant speed is adopted, so that the impact of the coal as fired on the furnace wall of the coke oven carbonization chamber is slowed down, the smoke peak value with large burst amount in the original coal charging process is reduced, the investment of coal charging and dust removal can be reduced, or the probability of overflow of coal charging smoke dust is reduced, and meanwhile, the coal charging dust is sent to the coke oven combustion chamber to realize energy utilization;
the above examples are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention has other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A clean coking process based on slow coal charging is carried out in a coke oven carbonization chamber (1) and a coke oven combustion chamber of a coke oven, and comprises the steps of adopting a coal charging system (4) positioned above the coke oven carbonization chamber (1) to charge coal into the coke oven carbonization chamber (1) through a coal charging hole (1.1), and is characterized in that: controlling the coal charging time to be 20-150 min, collecting coal charging smoke dust generated in the coal charging process through a coke side coal charging smoke dust recovery system (2) arranged on the coke side of a coke oven carbonization chamber (1), and then sending the collected coal charging smoke dust into a coke oven combustion chamber to serve as supplementary fuel, and recovering raw coke gas generated in the coking process through a machine side coke oven gas recovery system (3) positioned on the machine side of the coke oven carbonization chamber (1);
the coke side coal charging smoke dust recovery system (2) comprises a coal charging dust collection main pipe (2.4) used for conveying smoke to a coke oven combustion chamber and a coal charging smoke dust combustion chamber (2.3) positioned between the coal charging dust collection main pipe (2.4) and a coke oven carbonization chamber (1), and the coal charging smoke dust enters the coal charging smoke dust combustion chamber (2.3), is combusted to remove mixed oxygen, and then is sent to the coke oven combustion chamber through the coal charging dust collection main pipe (2.4) to serve as supplementary fuel; the machine side coke oven gas recovery system (3) is an existing crude gas recovery system;
each 2-3 coke oven carbonization chambers (1) of each coke oven share one coal charging smoke dust combustion chamber (2.3), and the gas outlet of each coal charging smoke dust combustion chamber (2.3) is connected with a coal charging dust collection header pipe (2.4);
the coal charging system (4) comprises a coal charging system support frame (4.9) which can move along the central axis direction of the coke oven carbonization chamber (1), and a cover uncovering device (4.9b) and a sealing cover (4.9a) used for sealing each coal charging hole (1.1) are arranged on the coal charging system support frame (4.9).
2. The slow-charging-based clean coking process according to claim 1, characterized in that: two ends of the coal charging system support frame (4.9) are respectively provided with a lifting mechanism (4.91), each lifting mechanism (4.91) is respectively connected with a movable wheel (4.92), and the movable wheels (4.92) move along a traveling track (4.93) arranged on the top of the coke oven.
3. The slow-charging-based clean coking process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coal charging system (4) is a coal charging vehicle type charging system which comprises a coal charging vehicle (4.1a), a coal storage bin (4.2), a discharging hopper (4.3), a coal charging pipe (4.7) and a coal guiding sleeve (4.8) which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom along the direction of the central axis of the coke oven carbonization chamber (1), and a sealing cover (4.9a) is sleeved on the outer side wall of each coal guiding sleeve (4.8).
4. The slow-charging-based clean coking process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coal charging system (4) is a multi-coal-tower charging system which comprises a coal charging tower (4.1b), a coal storage bin (4.2), a discharging hopper (4.3), a coal conveying pipe (4.4), an independent small coal bin (4.5), a discharging valve (4.6), a coal charging pipe (4.7) and a coal guiding sleeve (4.8) which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom along the direction of the central axis of the coke oven carbonization chamber (1), and a sealing cover (4.9a) is sleeved on the outer side wall of each coal guiding sleeve (4.8).
5. The slow-charging-based clean coking process according to claim 4, characterized in that: coal conveying pipe (4.4) horizontal arrangement is directly over the coal charging hole, and every coal conveying pipe (4.4) gives a plurality of coke oven carbonization room (1) coal feed simultaneously, and every coke oven corresponds a plurality of dress coal tower (4.1b), and every dress coal tower (4.1b) is used for sending the coal to two coal conveying pipes (4.4), every coal conveying pipe lateral wall cover is equipped with heating jacket (4.41) that are used for preheating the coal, be equipped with feeder (4.42) that are used for sending the coal to every coke oven carbonization room (1) in coal conveying pipe (4.4).
6. The slow-charging-based clean coking process according to claim 1, characterized in that: coal charging system (4) are including coal storage bin (4.2) and be used for to coal storage bin (4.2) send conveyor (4.1c) of coal, coal storage bin (4.2) including correspond set up down hopper (4.3) above every coal charging hole (1.1), along coke oven carbonization chamber (1) the central axis direction from top to bottom in proper order with lower material valve (4.6), coal charging pipe (4.7) and the cover of leading coal (4.8) that down hopper (4.3) link to each other, still the cover is equipped with a sealed cowling (4.9a) along the lateral wall of every cover of leading coal (4.8).
7. The slow-charging-based clean coking process according to claim 6, characterized in that: the conveying device (4.1c) comprises a belt coal conveyer (4.1c-1) positioned between the two coal storage bins (4.2) and a bin coal conveying belt conveyor (4.1c-2) used for conveying coal to each blanking hopper (4.3).
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| CN2761975Y (en) * | 2004-12-13 | 2006-03-01 | 王丰华 | Coke oven smoke prevention and dust control equipment |
| CN2832815Y (en) * | 2005-10-09 | 2006-11-01 | 大连神和机械有限公司 | Coke oven charging and discharging water-sealing type dust remover |
| CN101260304A (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2008-09-10 | 山西发鑫集团有限公司 | Technique and device for removing dust of coke oven by boiler system |
| CN102827993B (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2016-02-24 | 山东省冶金设计院股份有限公司 | Inject the recovery method of combustion type coal gas of converter and converter gas sensible heat |
| JP5825223B2 (en) * | 2012-08-17 | 2015-12-02 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Coal charging method for coke oven |
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