CN108659868B - Coking coal charging process based on coking wastewater emission reduction - Google Patents
Coking coal charging process based on coking wastewater emission reduction Download PDFInfo
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- CN108659868B CN108659868B CN201810553347.7A CN201810553347A CN108659868B CN 108659868 B CN108659868 B CN 108659868B CN 201810553347 A CN201810553347 A CN 201810553347A CN 108659868 B CN108659868 B CN 108659868B
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B31/00—Charging devices
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coking and coal charging process based on coking wastewater emission reduction, and belongs to the field of clean production in the coking industry. The process comprises the steps of recovering raw coke oven gas generated in the coking process by using a machine side coke oven gas recovery system, preheating coking coal in a coal storage bin of a coal charging system by using hot coke oven flue gas extracted from a horizontal flue of a coke oven, and pneumatically conveying the coking coal to a coke oven carbonization chamber, wherein the coal charging time is prolonged to 45-90 min, and the coke oven flue gas after pneumatic conveying enters a coke side coal charging flue gas recovery system positioned on the coke side of the coke oven carbonization chamber along with coal charging flue gas generated in the coal charging process and is conveyed to a coke oven combustion chamber to serve as supplementary fuel. The coal charging method designed by the invention not only reduces the generation amount of coking wastewater, but also can improve the quality of coke to a certain extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a coking process of a coke oven, belongs to the field of clean production of the coking industry, and particularly relates to a coking and coal charging process based on coking wastewater emission reduction.
Background
The conditions for obtaining high-quality coke are as follows: the coking coal has large and uniform bulk density and good contact among coal particles. In order to increase the bulk density of blended coal, the conventional scheme is to reduce the water content of the blended coal, i.e., to dry the coal and reduce the water content to a certain degree before the coal enters the furnace.
The water contained in the coal material affects the degree of compaction of the coal material due to its surface properties, and also determines the coking time to a great extent due to the large specific heat and heat of vaporization of water, which is characterized by a large surface tension (20 ℃, 72.75 × 10 for water)-3N/m, crude benzene 28.88 × 10-3N/m, ethanol 22.03 × 10-3N/m), the surface tension of the water increases the capillary force to a certain limit as the moisture content of the coal increases. This force can reduce the fluidity of the bulk coal and increase the repose angle of the coal, resulting in loosening of the coal, thereby causing the coal to fall apartThe free space between the particles is enlarged, and the compactness of the coal material entering the furnace is reduced.
The disappearance of moisture from the preheated coal may cause changes in the surface properties of the particles: the capillary force disappears, the particles are obviously close, and the bulk density of the coal material is sharply increased.
Drying and, if necessary, preheating the coal to temperatures above 100 ℃ is of practical significance for bulk coal systems. When a fluidized bed is used, the process is finished after drying for 0.5-2 minutes; when pneumatic conveying is used, the heat treatment takes at most a few seconds.
Research shows that the relationship between the change characteristic of heat conduction to preheated and wet coal as fired during coking and the coking time shows that the coking time of the preheated coal at the temperature of about 300 ℃ is shortened to 1-6 hours.
The vertical shrinkage is small during the pre-heating coal material coking, and the linear velocity of gas escaping from the coal material entering the furnace with fast coking is larger in a smaller top space. The volatilized products are quickly led out from the space at the top of the furnace, so that the volatilized products are difficult to obtain the chance of secondary cracking, and the chance of generating graphite is reduced.
The drying or preheating of the coking coal prior to charging into the coking chamber may be used as a preparatory process for the coal in a top coal charging system of the coking chamber. By this process, it is possible to produce coke from coal having poor coking properties and to improve the coke oven productivity.
The effect of coal drying and preheating on its properties depends on the temperature used, the residence time of the coal at that temperature and the properties of the medium. The optimum parameters of this process are closely related to the properties (degree of deterioration, coal particle size) of the coal fed to this process.
The beneficial effect of coal drying and preheating on coke quality is not due to the improvement of coking performance, but is caused by the change of coking process in the coking chamber, which is caused by the moisture removal and preheating of the coal, because the heating to 200 ℃ does not cause great change of the properties of the coking coal, but the further heating directly causes the property deterioration. However, the removal of the water film around the coal particles causes the surface tension to disappear and the adsorption force of the particles to decrease, so that the coal material has increased looseness, and the particles can be tightly packed. As a result, the bulk density of the coal material is increased to the maximum at 200-250 ℃ and is reduced when the bulk density is higher than 250 ℃. This is due to the softening of the coal particles and their wetting on the surface by the incipient liquid product, which increases the difficulty of the particles moving with respect to each other. However, the increase in coal density does not result in a decrease in thermal conductivity, as when wet coal is compacted and tamped.
The preheating causes two characteristics of the coal material, namely the bulk density increase and the enthalpy increase, to have important influence on the process of the coking chamber. The heating rate at various stages of the process, the thickness of the plastic layer and the time during which the plastic state exists, and the heating gradient that determines the stresses and cracks in the char and coke are varied as a result of the preheating. In this way, the average heating rate of successive layers of coal to plastic phase temperature (350 ℃) increases, while the average heating rate decreases over the plastic phase temperature range (350-450 ℃) and the next coking stage (450-700 ℃). The increase in heating rate in the first stage of the process is due to the reduction in heat required to vaporize the water and raise the enthalpy of the coal charge. For this reason the plastic layer moves faster in the direction of the cold side towards the centre of the chamber. The movement of the hot side of the plastic layer is also increased, although at a lesser rate. As a result, the plastic layer and the semicoke layer are increased in thickness. Secondly, the expansion of the gas-filled plastic layer and the increase in the mass of the pyrolysed coal lead to a reduction in the heating rate during the plastic phase and even a doubling of the residence time of the plastic state.
The preheating of coking coal in China has been reported in the last 50 century, for example, units such as Wurime gas plant, saddle steel coking plant in Shanghai research the coal change condition of coking coal at different preheating temperatures and the influence on coke quality. The coking change of the coal material is not large when the coal material is preheated to 150 ℃ in any atmosphere; when the final temperature of preheating is higher, the surrounding atmosphere has certain influence on the coal quality. The y-value of the colloidal layer decreased significantly (from 16 to 12.5) when the coal was preheated to 350 ℃ in an oxidizing atmosphere. And preheating to 350 ℃ under a reducing atmosphere, wherein the change is not obvious (16 is reduced by 15); the influence of the heat preservation time of the coal material on the change of the coal quality is related to the final preheating temperature and the protective atmosphere, the coal is preheated to 200 ℃ in the oxidizing atmosphere, the heat preservation is carried out for 1 hour, the y value is reduced from 17 to 15, the heat preservation is carried out for 1.5 hours, and the y value is reduced to 14. The preheating temperature is higher, so that the coking property is difficult to maintain completely. And preheating to 200 ℃ in a reducing atmosphere, keeping the temperature for 1 hour, reducing the y value from 16 to 15, keeping the temperature for 1.5 hours, reducing the y value to 14, and ensuring that the coking damage is not large even if the temperature is preheated to 300 ℃ and kept for 0.5 hour.
However, the engineering practice of preheating and drying coking in China is late, and the 1 st set of coal moisture control device in China is built on heavy steel in 1996. The device adopts the Japanese first-generation heat-conducting oil coal humidifying technology, the moisture of coal at the inlet of the dryer is 11%, the moisture of coal at the outlet of the dryer is 6.5%, and the system is debugged, does not run smoothly due to various reasons and finally stops running completely in 2001. After 2000 years, the development and application of the coal moisture control technology in China enter a rapid development stage. On the basis of introducing and absorbing foreign advanced technologies, a coal moisture control technology with independent intellectual property rights is developed, iron and steel enterprises such as economic steel, precious steel, Tai steel, climbing steel, horse steel, willow steel and the like are built in sequence to put into production a batch of coal moisture control devices, and the moisture of coal as fired is controlled to be about 8%.
In general, preheating coal coking has the following effects:
(1) blending cheap coal with poor coking property;
(2) the construction investment of coke oven units is reduced;
(3) for a coke oven, the unit production cost is reduced;
(4) the energy with low heating value can be used when the coal is preheated;
(5) the amount of wastewater is reduced.
However, in the actual production process, some problems which are difficult to overcome and even violate the current environmental protection requirements appear, such as large dust raising amount and unobvious energy-saving effect. Because most of these coal drying pretreatment processes use steam as a drying heat source. Particularly, in the coal charging process, a large amount of coal dust enters a coal gas recovery system along with raw coal gas, so that a series of problems such as blockage, poor tar quality and the like are caused.
With the development of large-scale technology of coke ovens, the coal charging is relatedThe equipment is also technically improved, and the coal charging holes are increased from 2 of the original small coke oven to 4 of the current 6-meter coke oven. However, the core process of coal charging is not changed, and the coking coal is conveyed to the position right above the coking chamber of the coke oven by adopting a coal charging car and is charged into the coking chamber through the coal charging hole of the coking chamber. In the current coking production, the coal charging operation of each furnace is generally controlled to be 2-3 minutes. After the coal enters the carbonization chamber, a large amount of air is converted from the coal material, and the oxygen in the air and the fine coal particles entering the furnace are combusted to generate carbon black at the beginning of charging to form black smoke. Meanwhile, the coal as fired is contacted with the high-temperature furnace wall and heated to generate a large amount of water vapor and raw coke oven gas. This process typically lasts about 1 to 1.5 minutes. According to actual measurement (for the effective area of the carbonization chamber, 117 meters2Measured value of ascending pipe injection) is used, and the amount of soot generated during coal charging is 130 to 140Nm3Minute, the smoke dust amount is reduced slightly within the time period of 30-40 seconds of coal charging, and the minimum value is about 100Nm3And/min. The moisture content of the wet coal gas at the initial stage of coal charging is 40-50% (Yao Zhao, coking, metallurgy and Industrial Press, 1983: 131), so the dry dust content is about 0.6Nm3M is2. This value varies depending on factors such as the furnace wall temperature, the coal charging speed, the nature of the coal, etc.
Therefore, under the existing coking process conditions, how to effectively increase the temperature of the coal as fired and reduce the influence on the environment and other systems in the coal pretreatment process becomes the bottleneck which restricts the development of the coal pretreatment technology at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention discloses a coking and coal charging process based on coking wastewater emission reduction and capable of reducing environmental pollution.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses a coking and coal charging process based on coking wastewater emission reduction, which comprises the steps of recovering raw coke gas generated in the coking process by using a machine side coke oven gas recovery system, preheating coking coal in a coal storage bin of a coal charging system by using hot coke oven flue gas extracted from a horizontal flue of a coke oven, pneumatically conveying the coking coal to a coke oven carbonization chamber, prolonging the coal charging time to 45-90 min, and allowing the coke oven flue gas subjected to pneumatic conveying to enter a coke side coal charging smoke dust recovery system positioned on the coke side of the coke oven carbonization chamber along with coal charging smoke dust generated in the coal charging process and be conveyed to a coke oven combustion chamber to serve as supplementary fuel;
the coal charging system also comprises a conveying device for conveying coal to the coal storage bin.
Furthermore, the coal charging system also comprises a coal conveying pipe, one end of the coal conveying pipe is connected with two branches, one branch is connected with a discharge port of the coal storage bin, the other branch is connected with an air outlet of the horizontal smoke pipe of the coke oven, the other end of the coal conveying pipe is connected with the coal charging pipe, and the coal charging pipe is connected with a coal guide sleeve extending into the coal charging hole.
Furthermore, the coal conveying pipe comprises a vertical coal conveying pipe, a pneumatic coal conveying hose and a cover top coal conveying pipe, one end of the vertical coal conveying pipe is connected with two branches, one branch is connected with the coal storage bin, the other branch is connected with the horizontal flue gas pipe of the coke oven, and the other end of the vertical coal conveying pipe is connected with the pneumatic coal conveying hose; and a plurality of discharge ports are arranged on the cover top coal conveying pipe, and each discharge port is connected with each coal charging pipe.
Furthermore, the compressed air source for pneumatic transmission is hot coke oven flue gas from a horizontal flue of the coke oven, and the hot coke oven flue gas is pumped out by a heat-resistant compression fan and then enters a horizontal flue pipe of the coke oven to form gas with pressure of 0.3-0.4 MPa.
Preferably, the gas pressure in the horizontal flue gas pipe of the coke oven is 0.4 MPa.
Furthermore, the coal charging system comprises a coal charging system support frame, a cover uncovering device and a sealing cover for sealing each coal charging hole are arranged on the coal charging system support frame, two ends of the coal charging system support frame are respectively provided with a lifting mechanism, each lifting mechanism is respectively connected with a movable wheel, and the movable wheels move along a traveling track arranged on the top of the coke oven.
Furthermore, each sealing cover is sleeved on the periphery of one coal guide sleeve, each sealing cover is a hollow circular tube with openings at the upper end and the lower end, and a sealing skirt edge is arranged at the lower end of each sealing cover.
Preferably, the coal charging hole cover can be opened or covered by starting a switch on the cover uncovering device.
Preferably, the purpose that the sealing cover seals the coal charging hole can be realized by starting the supporting rod to move along the central axis direction of the coke oven carbonization chamber, and the escape probability of coal charging smoke dust is reduced.
Furthermore, each coal charging system corresponds to 5-9 coke oven carbonization chambers.
Furthermore, the conveying device comprises a belt coal conveyer positioned between the two coal storage bins and a coal feeding belt conveyer used for feeding coal to each coal storage bin.
Furthermore, the coke side coal-charging smoke dust recovery system comprises a coke side gas collecting pipe used for conveying smoke to the coke oven combustion chamber and a coal-charging smoke dust combustion chamber positioned between the coke side gas collecting pipe and the coke oven carbonization chamber, wherein the coal-charging smoke dust enters the coal-charging smoke dust combustion chamber to remove mixed oxygen and then is sent to the coke oven combustion chamber through the coke side gas collecting pipe to serve as supplementary fuel.
Preferably, the coke side coal-charging smoke dust recovery system further comprises a water seal valve, one end of the water seal valve is connected with the coke oven carbonization chamber and is used for cooling the coal-charging smoke dust and eluting partial dust, and the other end of the water seal valve is connected with an air inlet of the coal-charging smoke dust combustion chamber.
Preferably, the water-sealed valve is a U-shaped pipeline, a water level regulating valve and a dredging valve for dredging the blockage of the valve in the pipeline are arranged in the U-shaped pipeline, high-pressure water or high-pressure steam can be sprayed through the dredging valve to realize the purpose of dredging the valve in the pipeline, and water flow and washed dust enter a sedimentation tank connected with the water-sealed valve along a return pipe of the water-sealed valve arranged on the water-sealed valve. And simultaneously, controlling the temperature of the coal-charging smoke dust to be less than or equal to 300 ℃ by the water seal valve, preferably opening a water injection valve on the water seal valve to spray water to cool the coal-charging smoke dust, and similarly, enabling water flow and washed dust to enter a sedimentation tank connected with the water seal valve along a water seal valve return pipe arranged on the water seal valve.
Furthermore, 2-3 coke oven carbonization chambers of each coke oven share one coal-charging smoke combustion chamber, and the gas outlet of each coal-charging smoke combustion chamber is connected with a coke side gas collecting pipe.
Preferably, a dust removal automatic regulating valve is arranged on a pipeline connecting the coal-charging smoke combustion chamber and the coke side gas collecting pipe.
Preferably, an automatic igniter, a combustion chamber diffusion port for discharging flue gas and a diffusion port flap valve are arranged in the coal-charging smoke combustion chamber, so that accidents caused by too large air pressure in the coal-charging smoke combustion chamber and the coke oven carbonization chamber are avoided.
Preferably, a temperature controller and a heat-resistant exhaust fan are further arranged on a gas pipeline connecting the coke side gas collecting pipe and the coke oven combustion chamber of the coke side gas collecting pipe, the temperature controller controls the temperature of flue gas entering the coke oven combustion chamber to be less than or equal to 300 ℃, and the temperature controller is preferably a heat exchanger or spray cooling type equipment.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly embodied in the following aspects:
(1) the coal charging method designed by the invention changes the traditional process of preheating and drying the coking coal before charging coal and the traditional coal charging process of the coal charging tower and the coal charging car, and utilizes the high-temperature coke oven flue gas flow generated by the coke oven to slowly convey the coking coal to the coking chamber of the coke oven, so that the preheating and drying of the coking coal are realized while the coal is conveyed, the investment of preheating and drying the coking coal is saved, and the problems of dust emission and VOC emission generated in the preheating and drying process of the coking coal are also eliminated;
(2) the coal charging method designed by the invention carries out slow coal charging by controlling the coal charging speed, and the coal enters the carbonization chamber and is dried and removed of moisture in the coking coal entering the furnace as much as possible under the high-temperature action of the carbonization chamber, thereby reducing the generation amount of 60 percent of coking wastewater and improving the quality of coke to a certain extent;
(3) when the coal charging method designed by the invention is used for slowly charging coal, the impact of the coal as fired on the furnace wall of the carbonization chamber is slowed down, the smoke peak with large burst amount in the original coal charging process is reduced, the investment of coal charging and dust removal can be reduced, or the overflow probability of the coal charging smoke is reduced;
(4) the coal charging method designed by the invention extracts fine coal dust as much as possible, reduces the amount of fine coal in the coking coal entering the furnace, can improve the coke quality to a certain extent, and realizes the recycling of energy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a system used in the coking coal charging process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a system used in the coking coal charging process of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for the no-load system of FIG. 3;
wherein, the parts in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4 are numbered as follows:
a coke oven carbonization chamber 1 (wherein, a coal charging hole 1.1);
a coke side coal charging smoke dust recovery system 2 (wherein, a coke side ascending pipe 2.1 (wherein, a coke side ascending pipe cover 2.11), a water seal valve 2.2 (wherein, a water seal valve water inlet pipe 2.21, a water injection valve 2.22, a water level regulating valve 2.23, a water seal valve return pipe 2.24, a water seal valve overflow pipe 2.25, a dredging valve 2.26), a coal charging smoke dust combustion chamber 2.3 (wherein, an automatic igniter 2.31, a combustion chamber diffusion port 2.32, a diffusion port flap valve 2.33), a coke side gas collecting pipe 2.4 and a coke side automatic regulating valve 2.5);
a machine side coke oven gas recovery system 3 (wherein, the machine side ascending pipe 3.1, the machine side ascending pipe cover 3.11, the elbow and bridge pipe 3.2, the pi-shaped pipe 3.3, the machine side manual regulating valve 3.4, the machine side automatic regulating valve 3.5, the machine side gas collecting pipe 3.6, the machine side gas suction pipe 3.7, the ammonia water pipe 3.8 and the tar box 3.9);
a coal charging system 4 (a coal storage bin 4.1 (wherein, a discharge valve 411), a conveying device 4.2 (wherein, a belt coal conveyer 4.21, a coal feeding belt conveyer 4.22), a coal conveying pipe 4.3 (wherein, a vertical coal conveying pipe 4.31, a pneumatic coal conveying hose 4.32, a cover top coal conveying pipe 4.33), a coal charging pipe 4.3, a coal guiding sleeve 4.5, a coal charging system support frame 4.6 (wherein, a lifting mechanism 4.61, a movable wheel 4.62, a traveling track 4.63), a sealing cover 4.7 (a sealing skirt 4.71) and a cover uncovering device 4.8);
a coke oven horizontal flue gas pipe 5.
Detailed Description
In order to better explain the invention, the following further illustrate the main content of the invention in connection with specific examples, but the content of the invention is not limited to the following examples.
The invention preferably selects a coke oven with 2 × 6 m and 55 holes in a certain coke plant, the coke capacity is 110 ten thousand tons/year, and 4 coal charging holes are arranged at presentAnd the coal-charging flue gas is discharged after the smoke dust is collected and purified by a ground dust removal station. The maximum dust collection air volume is 8 ten thousand meters3H is used as the reference value. The crude gas amount of the coke oven is about 55000Nm3And h, the coking time is 18-20 hours. The gas recovery adopts gas collecting pipes arranged on two sides.
As shown in figures 1, 2 and 3, the invention discloses a coking coal charging system based on coking wastewater emission reduction, which comprises a coke oven carbonization chamber 1, a coke side coal charging smoke dust recovery system 2 and a machine side coke oven gas recovery system 3 which are communicated with an internal pipeline of the coke oven carbonization chamber 1, and a coal charging system 4 for conveying coal to the coke oven carbonization chamber 1, wherein the coal charging system 4 comprises a coal storage bin 4.1 and a conveying device 4.2 for charging coal to the coal storage bin 4.1, the invention preferably selects the conveying device 4.2 to comprise a belt coal conveyer 4.21 and a feed coal conveyer 4.3 (specifically, coal from a coal blending system is conveyed to the feed coal conveyer 4.22 through the belt coal conveyer 4.21 and conveyed to the coal storage bin 4.1 through the feed coal conveyer 4.22), the coal charging system 4 further comprises a coal conveying pipe 4.3, a coal charging pipe 4.4, a coal guiding sleeve 4.5 and a coal charging system supporting frame 4.6, and simultaneously the coal conveying pipe 4.3 comprises a vertical coal conveying pipe 4.3, The coal conveying device comprises a pneumatic coal conveying hose 4.32 and a cover top coal conveying pipe 4.33, one end of a vertical coal conveying pipe 4.31 is connected with two branches, one branch is connected with a coal storage bin 4.1, the other branch is connected with a coke oven horizontal flue gas pipe 5, preferably, a discharge valve 4.11 is arranged on a branch connected with the vertical coal conveying pipe 4.31 and the coal storage bin 4.1, and a control valve is arranged on a branch connected with the vertical coal conveying pipe 4.31 and the coke oven horizontal flue gas pipe 5. The other end of the vertical coal conveying pipe 4.31 is connected with a pneumatic coal conveying hose 4.32; a plurality of discharge ports are formed in the cover top coal conveying pipe 4.33, each discharge port is connected with each coal loading pipe 4.4, meanwhile, the hot flue gas in the coke oven horizontal flue gas pipe 5 is preferably from a coke oven horizontal flue, a heat-resistant compression fan arranged beside a pipeline is used for pressurizing the hot coke oven flue gas to 0.3-0.4 MPa, and the hot coke oven flue gas preheats coking coal on one hand and is conveyed to a coke oven carbonization chamber on the other hand.
The coal charging system support frame 4.6 is provided with a cover uncovering device 4.8 and a sealing cover 4.7 for sealing each coal charging hole 1.1 on the coke oven carbonization chamber 1 during coal charging; the coal charging system support frame 4.6 comprises a lifting mechanism 4.61, a movable wheel 4.62, a traveling rail 4.63, one end of the movable wheel is connected with the movable wheel 4.62, the other end of the movable wheel is connected with the top of the coke oven, and the coal charging system support frame 4.6 can move up and down along the direction of the central axis of the coke oven carbonization chamber 1. The number of the coal charging holes 1.1 is the same as that of the uncovering devices 4.8 and the sealing covers 4.7. Fig. 2 shows the respective states of the movement process of the sealing cap.
As shown in fig. 4, the coke-side coal-charging smoke dust recovery system 2 comprises a coke-side riser 2.1 (a coke-side riser cover 2.11 is further arranged on the coke-side riser 2.1) which is communicated with the interior of the coke oven carbonization chamber 1, a water seal valve 2.2, a coal-charging smoke dust combustion chamber 2.3 and a coke-side gas collecting pipe 2.4 for conveying flue gas to the coke oven combustion chamber; the water seal valve 2.2 is a U-shaped pipeline, one end of the U-shaped pipeline is connected with a coke side ascending pipe 2.1, the other end of the U-shaped pipeline is connected with a coal charging smoke combustion chamber 2.3, the coal charging smoke combustion chamber 2.3 is communicated with the coke side ascending pipe 2.1 through the water seal valve 2.2, an internal pipeline is kept communicated with the coal charging smoke combustion chamber 2.3, and the coal charging smoke combustion chamber 2.3 is connected with a coke side gas collecting pipe 2.4; meanwhile, an automatic igniter 2.31 is arranged inside the coal-charging smoke combustion chamber 2.3, a combustion chamber diffusing port 2.32 is arranged at the top end of the coal-charging smoke combustion chamber 2.3, and an automatic flap valve 2.33 is arranged on the combustion chamber diffusing port 2.32; a coke side dust removal fan is arranged on a gas pipeline connecting the coke side gas collecting pipe 2.4 and the coke oven combustion chamber.
Referring to fig. 4 again, the pipeline of the water seal valve 2.2 is a U-shaped pipeline, a water seal valve water inlet pipe 2.21, a water seal valve overflow pipe 2.25 and a water seal valve return pipe 2.24 are arranged on the U-shaped pipeline, a water injection valve 2.22 is arranged on the water seal valve water inlet pipe 2.21, a water level regulating valve 2.23 is arranged inside the U-shaped pipe, a dredging valve 2.26 for spraying high-pressure water or high-pressure steam is arranged at the lower end of the bottom of the U-shaped pipe, and the tail end of the water seal valve return pipe 2.24 is connected with a sedimentation tank; when the dust-containing flue gas flows through the water seal valve 2.2 during coal charging, coal dust in the dust-containing flue gas is washed down by water flow, enters a return pipe 2.24 of the water seal valve through a water level regulating valve 2.23 of the water seal valve 2.2, and enters a sedimentation tank connected with the return pipe 2.24 of the water seal valve along with water flow in the pipe to obtain coal dust solid, and the coal dust solid can be used as coking coal of a coke oven again after dehydration is realized; the cooled flue gas enters a coal-charging smoke dust combustion chamber 2.3 under the suction action of a coke side dust removal exhaust fan; when the flue gas entering the coal-charging smoke dust combustion chamber 2.3 contains oxygen, the automatic igniter 2.31 automatically ignites until the oxygen is exhausted to obtain residual gas, and the residual gas enters the coke side gas collecting pipe 2.4 and is sent into the coke oven combustion chamber to be used as coal gas supplement for coking.
In addition, if the valve inside the water seal valve 2.2 is blocked by solids, the dredging valve 2.26 is opened to spray high-pressure water or high-pressure steam, so that the purpose of cleaning the sediment dredging valve in the valve can be achieved.
Meanwhile, the machine side coke oven gas recovery system 3 is an existing crude gas recovery system, and is used for extracting crude gas generated in a coke oven carbonization chamber in a coke oven coking process, as shown in fig. 1, the machine side coke oven gas recovery system comprises a machine side ascending pipe 3.1 (a machine side ascending pipe cover 3.11 is further arranged on the machine side ascending pipe 3.1), an elbow and bridge pipe 3.2, a pi-shaped pipe 3.3, a machine side manual regulating valve 3.4, a machine side automatic regulating valve 3.5, a machine side gas collecting pipe 3.6, a machine side gas suction pipe 3.7, an ammonia water pipe 3.8 and a tar box 3.9, wherein the machine side gas collecting pipe 3.6 is further connected with the machine side gas suction pipe 3.7 through the pi-shaped pipe 3.3, the machine side gas suction pipe 3.7 is connected with a gas purification system, the machine side gas suction pipe 3.3 is provided with the machine side manual regulating valve 3.4 and the machine side automatic regulating valve 3.5, and a specific process of absorbing: the raw gas entering the elbow and the bridge pipe 3.2 is cooled by ammonia water sprayed along an ammonia water pipe 3.8, so that the temperature of the raw gas is reduced to 70-80 ℃, the cooled raw gas enters a machine side gas collecting pipe 3.6, tar in the raw gas enters a tar box 3.9, gas in the raw gas enters a machine side gas suction pipe 3.7 along a pi-shaped pipe 3.3 and is discharged outside, liquid in the raw gas also enters the machine side gas suction pipe 3.7 after flowing through the tar box 3.9, and wastewater is treated by a subsequent gas purification system.
The invention also discloses a coking and coal charging process based on the coking wastewater emission reduction,
the process comprises the following steps:
1) moving the support frame 4.6 of the coal charging system downwards, starting the cover opener 4.8 to open the coal charging hole cover on the coal charging hole 1.1, extending the coal guide sleeve 4.5 into the coal charging hole 1.1, and then sealing each coal charging hole 1.1 by each sealing cover 4.7; starting a valve arranged on a coal conveying pipe 4.3, conveying coal in a coal storage bin 4.1 to a coke oven carbonization chamber 1 by hot coke oven smoke (with the temperature of about 200 ℃) from a coke oven horizontal smoke pipe 5, prolonging the coal charging time to 45-90 min, simultaneously opening a gas channel of a coke side coal charging smoke dust recovery system 2, and closing the gas channel of a machine side coke oven gas recovery system 3, wherein the specific process comprises the following steps: pumping dust-containing flue gas generated by coal charging into a combustion chamber of a coke oven to be used as supplementary fuel until the coal charging is finished; the water level regulating valve 2.23 of the water seal valve 2.2 is in a fully open state, a water injection valve 2.22 of the water seal valve 2.2 is opened, dust-containing flue gas generated by coal charging flows through the water seal valve 2.2 to be separated into coal dust and flue gas, the coal dust enters a sedimentation tank connected with a return pipe 2.24 of the water seal valve along with the internal water flow of the water seal valve 2.2 to obtain coal dust solid, the flue gas enters a coal charging smoke combustion chamber 2.3, an automatic igniter 2.31 in the coal charging smoke combustion chamber 2.3 automatically ignites and burns until oxygen is exhausted when the flue gas contains oxygen to obtain residual gas, after the combustion is finished, a coke side automatic regulating valve 2.5 is opened, the residual gas enters a coke side gas collecting pipe 2.4, and the dust-containing flue gas generated by coal charging is pumped to a coke oven combustion chamber to be used as supplementary fuel until the coal charging is finished;
2) after coal charging is finished, a coal charging system support frame 4.6 moves upwards to drive a sealing cover 4.7 to be far away from a coal charging hole 1.1, a cover uncovering device 4.8 is started to seal the coal charging hole 1.1, a water level regulating valve 2.23 of a water seal valve 2.2 is regulated at the same time, a water injection valve 2.22 of the water seal valve 2.2 is opened, the water level inside a U-shaped pipeline of the water seal valve 2.2 is regulated, the space pressure at the upper part of a coke oven carbonization chamber 1 is controlled to be-3 to 3Pa, coking is started, and raw coal gas generated in the coking process is sent to a coke oven side coke oven gas recovery system 3.
The coal charging method designed by the invention changes the traditional process of preheating and drying the coking coal before charging coal and the traditional coal charging process of the coal charging tower and the coal charging car, and utilizes the high-temperature coke oven flue gas flow generated by the coke oven to slowly convey the coking coal to the coking chamber of the coke oven, so that the preheating and drying of the coking coal are realized while the coal is conveyed, the investment of preheating and drying the coking coal is saved, and the problems of dust emission and VOC emission generated in the preheating and drying process of the coking coal are also eliminated; meanwhile, the moisture in the coking coal entering the furnace is removed as much as possible, so that the generation amount of coking wastewater is reduced.
The above examples are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention has other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A coking and coal charging process based on coking wastewater emission reduction comprises a machine side coke oven gas recovery system (3) for recovering raw coke oven gas generated in a coking process, and is characterized in that: the method also comprises the steps of preheating coking coal in a coal storage bin (4.1) of the coal charging system (4) by pumping hot-state coke oven flue gas from a horizontal flue of the coke oven and carrying out pneumatic transmission to a coking chamber (1) of the coke oven, prolonging the coal charging time to 45-90 min, and enabling the coke oven flue gas after the pneumatic transmission to enter a coke side coal charging smoke dust recovery system (2) positioned on the coke side of the coking chamber (1) of the coke oven along with coal charging smoke dust generated in the coal charging process and to be sent to a combustion chamber of the coke oven to serve as supplementary fuel;
the coal charging system (4) also comprises a conveying device (4.2) for conveying coal to the coal storage bin (4.1);
the coal charging system (4) further comprises a coal conveying pipe (4.3), one end of the coal conveying pipe (4.3) is connected with two branches, one branch is connected with a discharge hole of the coal storage bin (4.1), the other branch is connected with a gas outlet of the horizontal flue gas pipe (5) of the coke oven, the other end of the coal conveying pipe (4.3) is connected with the coal charging pipe (4.4), and the coal charging pipe (4.4) is connected with a coal guide sleeve (4.5) extending into the coal charging hole (1.1).
2. The coking and coal charging process based on coking wastewater emission reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coal conveying pipe (4.3) comprises a vertical coal conveying pipe (4.31), a pneumatic coal conveying hose (4.32) and a cover top coal conveying pipe (4.33), one end of the vertical coal conveying pipe (4.31) is connected with two branches, one branch is connected with a coal storage bin (4.1), the other branch is connected with a horizontal flue gas pipe (5) of the coke oven, and the other end of the vertical coal conveying pipe (4.31) is connected with the pneumatic coal conveying hose (4.32); and a plurality of discharge ports are arranged on the cover top coal conveying pipe (4.33), and each discharge port is connected with each coal charging pipe (4.4) respectively.
3. The coking and coal charging process based on coking wastewater emission reduction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the compressed air source for pneumatic transmission is hot coke oven flue gas from a horizontal flue of a coke oven, and the hot coke oven flue gas is pumped out by a heat-resistant compressor fan and then enters a horizontal flue gas pipe (5) of the coke oven to form gas with the pressure of 0.3-0.4 MPa.
4. The coking and coal charging process based on coking wastewater emission reduction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the coal charging system (4) comprises a coal charging system support frame (4.6), a cover uncovering device (4.8) and a sealing cover (4.7) used for sealing each coal charging hole (1.1) during coal charging are arranged on the coal charging system support frame (4.6), two ends of the coal charging system support frame (4.6) are respectively provided with a lifting mechanism (4.61), each lifting mechanism (4.61) is respectively connected with a movable wheel (4.62), and the movable wheels (4.62) move along a traveling track (4.63) arranged on the top of the coke oven.
5. The coking and coal charging process based on coking wastewater emission reduction according to claim 4, characterized in that: each sealing cover (4.7) is sleeved on the periphery of one coal guide sleeve (4.5), each sealing cover (4.7) is a hollow round pipe with openings at the upper end and the lower end, and a sealing skirt edge (4.71) is arranged at the lower end of each sealing cover (4.7).
6. The coking and coal charging process based on coking wastewater emission reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: each coal charging system (4) corresponds to 5-9 coke oven carbonization chambers (1).
7. The coking and coal charging process based on coking wastewater emission reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the conveying device (4.2) comprises a belt coal conveyor (4.21) positioned between the two coal storage bins (4.1) and a coal feeding belt conveyor (4.22) used for feeding coal to each coal storage bin (4.1).
8. The coking and coal charging process based on coking wastewater emission reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coke side coal charging smoke dust recovery system (2) comprises a coke side gas collecting pipe (2.4) used for conveying smoke to a coke oven combustion chamber and a coal charging smoke dust combustion chamber (2.3) located between the coke side gas collecting pipe (2.4) and a coke oven carbonization chamber (1), and the coal charging smoke dust enters the coal charging smoke dust combustion chamber (2.3) to remove mixed oxygen and then is conveyed into the coke oven combustion chamber through the coke side gas collecting pipe (2.4) to serve as supplementary fuel.
9. The coking and coal charging process based on coking wastewater emission reduction according to claim 8, characterized in that: every 2-3 coke oven carbonization chambers (1) of each coke oven share one coal-charging smoke combustion chamber (2.3), and the gas outlet of each coal-charging smoke combustion chamber (2.3) is connected with a coke side gas collecting pipe (2.4).
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| US4179340A (en) * | 1976-03-26 | 1979-12-18 | Hutni project Praha, projekcni a inzenyrska | Apparatus for supplying preheated coal charges to coking chambers |
| JPH06136362A (en) * | 1992-10-23 | 1994-05-17 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Method for conveying and feeding coal into coke oven |
| CN106479543A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-03-08 | 武汉钢铁股份有限公司 | Put out the cold burnt broken coking coal pretreating process drying based on dry |
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