CN108753317A - Coke making process is cleaned based on what is coaling at a slow speed - Google Patents

Coke making process is cleaned based on what is coaling at a slow speed Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108753317A
CN108753317A CN201810552577.1A CN201810552577A CN108753317A CN 108753317 A CN108753317 A CN 108753317A CN 201810552577 A CN201810552577 A CN 201810552577A CN 108753317 A CN108753317 A CN 108753317A
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China
Prior art keywords
coal
coke
coalingging
coaling
carbonization chamber
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CN201810552577.1A
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CN108753317B (en
Inventor
吴高明
许丽娟
吴晓琴
付本全
卫书杰
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Wuhan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Wuhan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B31/00Charging devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D47/00Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D47/06Spray cleaning
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B41/00Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B43/00Preventing or removing incrustations

Abstract

The invention discloses coke making process is cleaned based on what is coaling at a slow speed, belong to coking industry technical field of energy saving and environmental protection.The technique includes being coaling at a slow speed to coke furnace carbonization chamber through hole of coalingging using system of coalingging, extension coalings the time as 20~150min, the coal-charging smoke that process of coalingging generates is set the feeding coke oven combustion chamber after the coke side coal-charging smoke recovery system recycling of coke furnace carbonization chamber coke side and supplement fuel, the raw coke oven gas that coking generates is used as to pass through the pusher side coke-stove gas recovery system recycling for being located at coke furnace carbonization chamber pusher side.The present invention is slowly coaling by the system of coalingging to coke furnace carbonization chamber so that coking coal preheating and drying in coke furnace carbonization chamber, it is as much as possible abjection coking coal in moisture, can not only improve coke quality, can also effectively reduce the yield of coking wastewater.

Description

Coke making process is cleaned based on what is coaling at a slow speed
Technical field
The present invention relates to the coking by coke oven cleaned, belong to coking industry technical field of energy saving and environmental protection, more particularly to one Kind cleans coke making process based on what is coaling at a slow speed.
Background technology
The condition for obtaining high grade coke has:The bulk density of coking coal wants big and uniform, and being contacted between coal grain will get well.In order to carry The bulk density of high mixed coal, conventional scheme are to reduce the water content of mixed coal, i.e., coal are dried, its moisture is dropped to one Stove is reentered after determining degree.
Contained humidity can influence the compaction rate of coal charge because of its surface nature in coal charge, the specific heat additionally, due to water and evaporation Heat is very big, therefore largely determines the length of coking time.Water has the characteristics that prodigious (20 DEG C, water is surface tension 72.75×10-3N/m, crude benzol are 28.88 × 10-3N/m, ethyl alcohol are 22.03 × 10-3N/m), with the increase of coal charge water content, The surface tension of water can make capillary force increase to certain limit.This power can reduce the mobility of bulk coal charge and increase coal charge Angle of repose, causes coal charge loose, therefore increases the free space of each coal intergranular, and the compactness of as-fired coal material reduces.
The disappearance of preheating coal charge moisture can cause the surface nature of particle to change:Capillary force disappears, particle is significantly closer to, Coal charge bulk density sharply increases.
The drying of coal and the temperature being preheating to when necessary more than 100 DEG C have practical significance to bulk coal system.Work as use When fluid bed, process terminated at once by drying in 0.5~2 minute;When using wind model, as long as the time of heat treatment is most Several seconds.
Studies have shown that the pass for the variation characteristic and coking time that heat is conducted to preheating and wet as-fired coal when coking System, it can be seen that the coal coking time about preheated at a temperature of 300 DEG C shortens to 1~6 hour.
Vertical contraction is small when preheating coal charge coking, in smaller headspace, is escaped from the faster as-fired coal material of coking The linear velocity of gas is bigger.Evaporated product is exported from furnace roof space rapidly, and evaporated product is made to hardly result in second pyrolysis Chance is also reduced to generate graphite chance.
Drying or preheating of the coking coal before being packed into carbonization chamber, as coal in the system that can coaling at the top of carbonization chamber Preparatory process.Using this process, it is possible to produce coke using the coal of coking behavior difference, and coke oven production ability can be improved.
Coal is dry and preheats the influence to its property, be decided by the temperature used, coal residence time at such a temperature and Medium character.The optimal parameter of this process has closely with the property (degree of metamorphism, coal particle size) for the coal being sent into this process Relationship.
Coal charge is dry and preheats the Beneficial Effect of Coke Quality, is not due to the improvement of its coking behavior, but in charcoal The variation for changing coking process in room is facilitated, and this variation is precisely due to coal charge removes what moisture was facilitated with preheating, because of heating The property of coking coal will not be caused to have a greater change to 200 DEG C, but further heating directly contributes degenerating for its property.So And eliminate the moisture film around coal grain, then cause surface tension to disappear and the reduction of the adsorption capacity of particle, therefore coal charge loosens property and increases Greatly, keep particle tightly packed.As a result coal charge bulk density increases, and reaches maximum at 200~250 DEG C, is dissipated higher than 250 DEG C close Degree then reduces again.This is because soaked by the product liquid at initial stage on the softening of coal grain and its surface, it is mutual to increase particle Caused by mobile difficulty.But the increase of coal charge density does not lead to the reduction of thermal conductivity, when being made firm by ramming as the compacting of wet coal charge.
Preheating causes two characteristics-bulk density of coal charge to increase the process with enthalpy increase-to the coking process of carbonization chamber It has a major impact.Change the heating speed in process each stage, plasticity layer thickness and mecystasis due to pre- thermal result to exist Time, determine to generate the heat gradient of stress and crackle in semicoke and coke.In this way, coal charge successive layer is heated to mecystasis The average heating rate of temperature (350 DEG C) increases, and (350~450 DEG C) and next in entire mecystasis temperature range In the coking stage (450~700 DEG C), average heating rate then reduces.It is due to steaming in the increase of process first stage heating speed Caused by heat needed for shampoo point and raising coal charge enthalpy is reduced.As a result of which ductile bed cold side is to carbonization chamber center position Movement it is very fast.The movement of ductile bed hot side is also accelerated, although its quickening speed is smaller.As a result, leading to ductile bed and half focus layer Thickness increases.Secondly, gassiness ductile bed expands and the quality of pyrolyzing coal increases, and just leads to plastic stage heating speed Reduce or even the existence time of mecystasis is at two times of increase.
China just has report, such as Shanghai Wusong gasworks, Anshan iron and steel plant coke-oven plant in the fifties in last century to coking coal preheating Unit has studied coking coal under different preheating temperatures, the property situation of change of coal and the influence of Coke Quality.It was found that coal Material is under any atmosphere, and when being preheating to 150 DEG C, coking capacity variation is little;When the final temperature of preheating is higher, surrounding atmosphere pair Coal quality has certain influence.When coal is preheating to 350 DEG C in an oxidizing atmosphere, gelatinous layer y values substantially reduce (to be dropped to from 16 12.5).And 350 DEG C are preheating under reducing atmosphere, variation unobvious (decline 15) from 16;Coal charge soaking time becomes coal quality The influence of change, related with preheating final temperature and protective atmosphere, coal is preheating to 200 DEG C in an oxidizing atmosphere, keeps the temperature 1 hour, y Value drops to 15 from 17, keeps the temperature 1.5 hours, y values drop down to 14.Preheating temperature is high again, and the complete of its coking capacity to be kept just to have It is difficult.And 200 DEG C are preheating under reducing atmosphere, 1 hour is kept the temperature, y values drop to 15 from 16, keep the temperature 1.5 hours, and y values drop to 14, even if being preheating to 300 DEG C, 0.5 hour is kept the temperature, coking capacity is destroyed also little.
But the engineering practice that China carries out coking preheating and drying is later, Chinese 1st set of coal humidity control device in 1996 Weight steel is built up.For the device using Japanese first generation conduction oil coal conditioning technique, the moisture 11% of drier entrance coal is dry Device exports the moisture 6.5% of coal, and after this set system is adapted, since many reasons do not have trouble-free operation, most finally 2001 thorough It stops transport at bottom.After 2000, exploitation and the application of China's coal conditioning technique enter a fast-developing stage.It is inhaled introducing On the basis of receiving advanced foreign technology, the coal conditioning technique with independent intellectual property right is had developed, Ji steel, Taiyuan Iron and Steel Co., is climbed at Baosteel The iron and steel enterprises such as steel, Ma Gang, Liu Gang have successively been constructed and put into operation a collection of coal humidity control device, by the moisture control of as-fired coal on 8% left side It is right.
Generally speaking, preheating coal charge coking has the following effects:
(1) it is incorporated the coal of relatively inexpensive coking capacity difference;
(2) coke oven unit construction investment is reduced;
(3) for a coke oven, production of units expense is reduced;
(4) energy of low heat value can be utilized when coal preheats;
(5) wastewater flow rate is reduced.
But occurs some in the actual production process and be difficult to overcome, even ask with what current environmental requirement was disagreed Topic, as dust emission is big, energy-saving effect unobvious.Because these coals dry pretreating process majority using steam as dry heat Source.Especially during coalingging, a large amount of coal dust enters gas recovery system with raw coke oven gas, causes blocking, quality of coke tar poor Equal series of problems.
With the development of coke oven enlargement technology, relevant equipment also obtains skill upgrading with coalingging, and hole of coalingging is by original Small scale coke oven 2 have increased to 6 meters of current stoves 4.But the core process coaling does not change, or uses and coaling Vehicle transports to coking coal right over coke furnace carbonization chamber, and coalingging hole by carbonization chamber will be in coking coal loading carbonization chamber.Current coking In production, per stove coaling operation general control at 2~3 minutes.After coal enters carbonization chamber, coal charge converts out a large amount of air, shove charge Oxygen when beginning in air also generates carbon black with the duff grain burning for entering stove, forms black smoke.As-fired coal connects with high temperature furnace wall simultaneously It touches, heating, generates a large amount of water vapours and raw coke oven gas.This process general persistence about 1~1.5 minute.It factually surveys (to charing 117 meters of room effective area2, using measured value when rising pipe inspection) when coalingging the fume amount that generates in 130~140Nm3/ point, In the period 30~40 second time of coalingging, fume amount has small size decline, minimum about 100Nm3/ point.The initial stage wet gas of coalingging contains (the Yao Zhao chapters of moisture 40~50%《Coking》Metallurgical industry publishing house .1983:131), thus dry fume amount about 0.6Nm3/ Divide m2.The value changes because of factors such as temperature of furnace wall, speed of coalingging, the properties of coal.
It can be seen that under the conditions of existing coke making process, the temperature of as-fired coal how is effectively improved, while it is pre- to reduce coal The influence caused by environment and other systems in processing procedure, it has also become the bottleneck of restricting current Coal pretreatment technology development.
Invention content
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of by extending the time of coalingging with fully dry coking coal Coke making process is cleaned based on what is coaling at a slow speed.
To achieve the above object, coke making process being cleaned based on what is coaling at a slow speed the present invention provides a kind of, which exists It is carried out in the coke furnace carbonization chamber and coke oven combustion chamber of coke oven, includes using the system of coalingging being located above coke furnace carbonization chamber through coalingging It coalings to coke furnace carbonization chamber in hole, it is characterised in that:Control coalings the time as 20~150min, the coal-charging smoke that process of coalingging generates It is set the feeding coke oven combustion chamber after the coke side coal-charging smoke recovery system of coke furnace carbonization chamber coke side is collected and is used as supplement fuel, The raw coke oven gas that process of coking generates passes through the pusher side coke-stove gas recovery system recycling positioned at coke furnace carbonization chamber pusher side.
Further, the coke side coal-charging smoke recovery system includes the receipts of coalingging for conveying flue gas to coke oven combustion chamber Dirt manifold and positioned at the coal-charging smoke combustion chamber coaling and gathered dust between manifold and coke furnace carbonization chamber, the coal-charging smoke enters It is flared off in coal-charging smoke combustion chamber after mixed oxygen and gathers dust manifold feeding coke oven combustion chambers as supplement fuel through coalingging.
Still further, the coke side coal-charging smoke recovery system further includes one end connection coke furnace carbonization chamber and is used for dress Coal smoke dirt cools down and the water-sealed valve of elution fraction dust, the air inlet of the other end connection coal-charging smoke combustion chamber of the water-sealed valve Mouthful.
Preferably, the water-sealed valve is U-shaped pipe, level control valve is equipped in U-shaped pipe and in dredging pipeline The dredge valve of valve blockage can be sprayed into high pressure water by dredge valve or high steam realizes the purpose of dredging pipeline inner valve, water The water-sealed valve return duct that dust under stream and washing is arranged along water-sealed valve enters in the sedimentation basin being connected with water-sealed valve.Meanwhile Temperature≤300 DEG C of the water-sealed valve control coal-charging smoke preferably open the water injection valve on water-sealed valve and sprinkle water to coal-charging smoke and drop Temperature, similarly, the water-sealed valve return duct that the dust under flow and washing is arranged along water-sealed valve enter the precipitation being connected with water-sealed valve Chi Zhong.
Further, every 2~3 coke furnace carbonization chambers of every coke oven share a coal-charging smoke combustion chamber, each to fill The gas outlet of coal smoke dirt combustion chamber is all connected with the manifold that gathers dust that coalings.
Preferably, the coal-charging smoke combustion chamber is automatically adjusted with the gather dust pipeline that manifold is connect of coalingging equipped with dedusting Valve.
Preferably, automatic ignitor and the combustion chamber diffusion mouth for flue gas to be discharged are equipped in the coal-charging smoke combustion chamber With diffusion mouth flap valve, ensure that the air pressure in coal-charging smoke combustion chamber and coke furnace carbonization chamber is unlikely to too big and accident is caused to be sent out It is raw.
Preferably, temperature controller and resistance to is additionally provided on the gas piping that manifold is connect with coke oven combustion chamber coalingging to gather dust Hot exhaust fan, the temperature controller control enter flue-gas temperature≤300 in coke oven combustion room, and the temperature controller is preferred For heat exchanger or mist cooling formula equipment.
Further, it is more than 16 meters of 6 meters or more coke ovens for the length of coke furnace carbonization chamber, each coke furnace carbonization chamber is set Set 5~8 holes of coalingging.
Further, the system of coalingging includes the system branch of coalingging that can be moved along coke furnace carbonization chamber central axial direction Support, the system supporting rack of coalingging are equipped with opened unit and the seal closure for closing each hole of coalingging.
Further, the both ends for coalingging system supporting rack are respectively equipped with elevating mechanism, each elevating mechanism) respectively Packaged type wheel is connected, the traveling track that the packaged type wheel is arranged along oven top of coke oven moves.
Preferably, start the switch on opened unit opening charging hole lid can be realized or cover charging hole lid.
Preferably, start system supporting rack of coalingging and move that seal closure can be realized is close along coke furnace carbonization chamber central axial direction The purpose in coal hole is encapsulated, the probability of coal-charging smoke effusion is reduced.
Further, the seal closure is the hollow circular-tube that upper and lower side is open, and is equipped in the lower end of each seal closure Sealing shirt rim.
Further, the system of coalingging be include from top to bottom dividing successively along the central axial direction of coke furnace carbonization chamber The charging car of cloth, lower hopper, coalings and pipe and draws the vehicle type charging system of coalingging of coal set at coal store, along each outside for drawing coal set Wall is arranged there are one seal closure.
Preferably, blanking device can be equipped on the lower hopper, the blanking device is Vibrated baiting device.
Further, the system of coalingging be include from top to bottom dividing successively along the central axial direction of coke furnace carbonization chamber The tower of coalingging of cloth, coal store, lower hopper, coal chute, independent coal pocket, baiting valve, pipe of coalingging) and draw coal set the tower dress of more coals Material system is arranged along each lateral wall for drawing coal set there are one seal closure.
Preferably, blanking device can be equipped on the lower hopper, the blanking device is Vibrated baiting device.
Further, the coal chute is arranged horizontally in right over hole of coalingging, and each coal chute is burnt to several simultaneously Oven carbonization chamber is delivered coal.
Further, every coke oven corresponds to several towers of coalingging, and tower of each coalingging to two coal chutes for delivering coal.
Further, each coal chute lateral wall is arranged with the heating mantle for pre- hot coal, in the coal chute Equipped with the feed appliance for delivering coal to each coke furnace carbonization chamber.
Preferably, the feed appliance is feeding screw or scraper plate feeder.
Preferably, the coal storage of each independent coal pocket is the 5~15% of each coke furnace carbonization chamber coal capacity.
Preferably, the coal storage of each independent coal pocket is the 10% of each coke furnace carbonization chamber coal capacity.
Further, the system of coalingging includes coal store and the conveying device for delivering coal to coal store, the storage Coal bunker include be correspondingly arranged at lower hopper above each hole of coalingging, along coke furnace carbonization chamber central axial direction from top to bottom successively The baiting valve that is connected with the lower hopper coalings and pipe and draws coal set, is also arranged that there are one sealings along each lateral wall for drawing coal set Cover.
Further, the conveying device includes belt conveyer between being located at two coal stores and for each The warehouse entry coal conveyer belts that lower hopper is delivered coal.
The present invention is based on the principles for cleaning coke making process coaling at a slow speed to be:
It slowly coalings to coke furnace carbonization chamber by using charging car or coal tower, different from 2 common~3min when coalingging Between, the present invention will coaling time lengthening to 20~150min, and during slowly coalingging, coking coal is preheated by furnace high-temperature, The flue dust that the most of moisture vapor of generation and process of coalingging generate is sent by coke side coal-charging smoke recovery system to coke oven combustion Room as supplement fuel, meanwhile, in order to reduce coaling during flue dust escape probability, the present invention preferably each coaling hole correspondence One seal closure is set, is dropped in addition, the water-sealed valve in the coke side coal-charging smoke recovery system of the present invention can wash coal-charging smoke Temperature simultaneously falls a part of coal dust under water, and the combustion chamber in coke side coal-charging smoke recovery system, which can be realized, removes mixed oxygen in flue gas And flue gas diffuses when burst accident.
The beneficial effects are mainly as follows following aspects:
(1) coke making process that designs of the present invention change it is traditional before coalingging by the technique of coking coal preheating and drying, Using the feature of coke oven enlargement, directly coking coal is dried in coke furnace carbonization chamber, not only saves coking coal preheating and drying Investment, and also eliminate coking coal preheating and drying process and lead to the problem of airborne dust and VOC emission;
(2) coke making process that designs of the present invention is using by the way of increasing and coalingging hole but control slowly the coalingging of speed of coalingging, According to different modes of coalingging, traditional 2~3min of time that coalings is extended into 20~150min, the high temperature action in carbonization chamber Under, the dry moisture being stripped of in stove coking coal, can reduce the yield of 60% or more coking wastewater, may be used also as much as possible To improve coke quality to a certain degree;
(3) present invention also slows down as-fired coal to coke furnace carbonization chamber using the mode of slowly coalingging for controlling speed of coalingging Furnace wall impacts, and reduces the big flue dust peak value of paroxysmal amount during original-pack coal, can reduce the investment of dust collection for charging, or reduce The excessive probability of coal-charging smoke;
(4) coke making process that the present invention designs is as right as possible by the fine coal dust of generation using exhaust fan during coalingging The manifold that gathers dust of coalingging that is pumped into coaling the supplement fuel for gathering dust manifold and being sent into coke oven combustion chamber as coking by coke oven, on the one hand fill Divide and utilize the energy, on the other hand can also improve the coke quality of coking generation to a certain extent.
(5) raw coke oven gas that the coke making process that the present invention designs essentially eliminates under accident condition diffuses, in addition, also improving The quality for diffusing the raw coke oven gas under state improves the air quality on coke oven periphery.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of present invention process coking system;
Fig. 2 is that charging car of the present invention is coaling the structural schematic diagram of coking system;
Fig. 3 is that charging car of the present invention is coaling the structural schematic diagram of coking system;
Fig. 4 is that the more coal towers of the present invention are coaling the vertical view of coking system;
Fig. 5 is the sectional view along A-A of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is that the more coal towers of the present invention are coaling the structural schematic diagram of coking system;
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of coking system of the invention of coalingging without coal car without coal tower;
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of coking system of the invention of coalingging without coal car without coal tower;
The label of each component is as follows in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8:
Coke furnace carbonization chamber 1 is (wherein:It coalings hole 1.1)
Coke side coal-charging smoke recovery system 2 is (wherein:Coke side tedge 2.1 is (wherein:Coke side tedge lid 2.11), water seal Valve 2.2 is (wherein:Water-sealed valve water inlet pipe 2.21, water injection valve 2.22, level control valve 2.23, water-sealed valve return duct 2.24, water-sealed valve Overflow pipe 2.25, dredge valve 2.26), coal-charging smoke combustion chamber 2.3 (wherein:Automatic ignitor 2.31, combustion chamber diffusion mouth 2.32, diffusion mouth flap valve 2.33), manifold 2.4, the coke side automatic regulating valve 2.5 of gathering dust of coalingging;
Pusher side coke-stove gas recovery system 3 is (wherein:Pusher side tedge 3.1, pusher side tedge lid 3.11, elbow and bridge tube 3.2, π types pipe 3.3, pusher side manual modulation valve 3.4, pusher side automatic regulating valve 3.5, pusher side gas collecting tube 3.6, pusher side air intake duct 3.7, Ammonia water pipe 3.8, tar box 3.9);
System of coalingging 4 is (wherein:Charging car 4.1a, the tower 4.1b that coalings (coal tower coke side column 4.1b-1, coal tower crane heel post 4.1b-2), conveying device 4.1c is (wherein:Belt conveyer 4.1c-1, warehouse entry coal conveyer belts 4.1c-2), coal store 4.2, under Hopper 4.3 is (wherein:Blanking device 4.3a), coal chute 4.4 (wherein:Heating mantle 4.41, feed appliance 4.42, coal chute manhole 4.43, Motor 4.44), independent coal pocket 4.5, baiting valve 4.6, pipe 4.7 of coalingging, draw coal set 4.8, system of coalingging supporting rack 4.9 (wherein: Seal closure 4.9a is (wherein:Sealing shirt rim 4.9a-1), opened unit 4.9b, elevating mechanism 4.91, packaged type wheel 4.92, advance Track 4.93);
Travelling platform 5.
Specific implementation mode
In order to preferably explain the present invention, below in conjunction with the specific embodiment main contents that the present invention is furture elucidated, but Present disclosure is not limited solely to following embodiment.
The present embodiment uses 2 × 6 meters of certain coke-oven plant, the coke oven in 55 holes, 1,100,000 tons/year of coke production capacity.Existing each coke Oven carbonization chamber outer row after thering are 4 holes of coalingging, Coal charging flue gas to purify flue dust collecting using ground station for dust removal.The maximum air quantity that gathers dust is 80000 m3/h.Coal oven dithio-gas amount about 55000Nm3/ h, coking time 18~20 hours.Gas recovery system is used and is separately positioned on The coke side coal-charging smoke recovery system and pusher side coke-stove gas recovery system at each coke furnace carbonization chamber both ends.
Coke making process being cleaned based on what is coaling at a slow speed present embodiment discloses a kind of, the process is as shown in Figure 1 Coking system in carry out.
As shown in Figure 1, the coking system of the present invention includes coke furnace carbonization chamber 1, is separately positioned on 1 coke side of coke furnace carbonization chamber The pusher side coke-stove gas recovery system 3 of coke side coal-charging smoke recovery system 2 and pusher side, wherein the coke side coal-charging smoke recycling System 2 is used to recycle the raw coke oven gas when coal-charging smoke or coking accident during coalingging, pusher side coke-stove gas recycling system System 3 is for recycling the raw coke oven gas in process of coking.In conjunction with Fig. 1 it is found that the top of the coke furnace carbonization chamber 1 offers several use In the hole 1.1 of coalingging for adding coking coal to coke furnace carbonization chamber 1, the coke side coal-charging smoke recovery system 2 includes being carbonized with coke oven Room 1 keeps internal coke side tedge 2.1 (coke side tedge lid 2.11 is additionally provided on the coke side tedge 2.1), the water communicated Seal valve 2.2, coal-charging smoke combustion chamber 2.3 and the manifold 2.4 that gathers dust that coalings for conveying flue gas to coke oven combustion chamber;The water seal Valve 2.2 is U-shaped pipe, and one end connection coke side tedge 2.1 of the U-shaped pipe, the other end of the U-shaped pipe connects coal-charging smoke Combustion chamber 2.3, the coal-charging smoke combustion chamber 2.3 keep internal pipeline phase by the water-sealed valve 2.2 and coke side tedge 2.1 Logical, the coal-charging smoke combustion chamber 2.3 connects the manifold 2.4 that gathers dust that coalings, and the present invention designs every 2~3 coke ovens of every coke oven Carbonization chamber 1 shares a coal-charging smoke combustion chamber 2.3, and 2~3 air inlets, which are arranged, in 2.3 lower part of coal-charging smoke combustion chamber distinguishes The water-sealed valve 2.2 for connecting each coke furnace carbonization chamber 1 also sets up flue dust outlet for connecting dress on coal-charging smoke combustion chamber 2.3 Coal gathers dust manifold 2.4, the flue dust outlet and coaling gather dust manifold 2.4 between be equipped with dedusting automatic regulating valve 2.5;Meanwhile institute It states coal-charging smoke combustion chamber 2.3 and is internally provided with automatic ignitor 2.31, combuster is arranged in the top of coal-charging smoke combustion chamber 2.3 Diffusion mouth 2.32 is provided with automatic turning plate valve 2.33 on the combustion chamber diffusion mouth 2.32;In manifold 2.4 and the coke oven of gathering dust of coalingging The gas piping that combustion chamber is connected is equipped with temperature controller and heat-resisting exhaust fan, and the temperature controller control enters coke oven It burns indoor flue-gas temperature≤300 DEG C, the temperature controller is preferably heat exchanger or mist cooling formula equipment.
Fig. 1 is recombined it is found that the pipeline of the water-sealed valve 2.2 is U-shaped pipe, is provided with water seal in the U-shaped pipe Valve water inlet pipe 2.21, water-sealed valve overflow pipe 2.25 and water-sealed valve return duct 2.24 are provided on the water-sealed valve water inlet pipe 2.21 Water injection valve 2.22, the U-tube are internally provided with level control valve 2.23, and the bottom lower end of the U-tube, which is provided with, to be used for The dredge valve 2.26 of high pressure water or high steam is sprayed into, the end of the water-sealed valve return duct 2.24 connects sedimentation basin;When coalingging When coal-charging smoke when flowing through water-sealed valve 2.2,2.2 one side of the water-sealed valve cools down to coal-charging smoke, another aspect washing portion The level control valve 2.23 through water-sealed valve 2.2 enters water-sealed valve and flows back after dividing flue dust, the dust under washing to be washed by flow In pipe 2.24, and enter in the sedimentation basin being connected with water-sealed valve return duct 2.24 with in-pipe flow, obtains coal dust solid, the coal Powder solid can be re-used as the coking coal of coke oven after realizing dehydration;The suction of flue gas after cooling in the heat-resisting exhaust fan of coke side Effect is lower to be entered in coal-charging smoke combustion chamber 2.3;Into the flue gas in coal-charging smoke combustion chamber 2.3 when containing oxygen, automatically 2.31 automatic ignition of igniter obtains residual gas to oxygen depleted, the residual gas enter coaling gather dust manifold 2.4 in and quilt The coal gas in coke oven combustion chamber as coking is sent into supplement.
In addition, if the valve inside water-sealed valve 2.2 is blocked by dusting solid, opens dredge valve 2.26 and spray into high pressure water or height The purpose of deposit dredging valve in purge valve can be realized in pressure steam, and the dust under flow and washing is set along water-sealed valve 2.2 The water-sealed valve return duct 2.24 set enters in the sedimentation basin being connected with water-sealed valve 2.2.
At the same time, the pusher side coke-stove gas recovery system 3 in the process of coking for recycling raw coke oven gas is existing famine Gas recovery system, the raw coke oven gas that it is used to generate in coking by coke oven process extraction coke furnace carbonization chamber, as shown in Figure 1, it includes Pusher side tedge 3.1 (pusher side tedge lid 3.11 is additionally provided on the pusher side tedge 3.1), elbow and bridge tube 3.2, π type pipes 3.3, pusher side manual modulation valve 3.4, pusher side automatic regulating valve 3.5, pusher side gas collecting tube 3.6, pusher side air intake duct 3.7, ammonia water pipe 3.8 With tar box 3.9, wherein the pusher side gas collecting tube 3.6 also connects pusher side air intake duct 3.7 by π types pipe 3.3, and the pusher side is inhaled Tracheae 3.7 connects gas cleaning system, and pusher side manual modulation valve 3.4 and pusher side automatic regulating valve are provided on the π types pipe 3.3 3.5, the process that specific pusher side coke-stove gas recovery system absorbs raw coke oven gas is:Raw coke oven gas into elbow and bridge tube 3.2 It is cooled by the ammonium hydroxide sprayed into along ammonia water pipe 3.8 so that the temperature of raw coke oven gas is reduced to 70~80 DEG C, the raw coke oven gas after cooling Into pusher side gas collecting tube 3.6, wherein the tar in raw coke oven gas enters in tar box 3.9, and the gas in raw coke oven gas is along π types pipe 3.3 Outer after into pusher side air intake duct 3.7 to arrange, the liquid in raw coke oven gas also enters pusher side air intake duct 3.7 after flowing through tar box 3.9, then passes through Cross subsequent gas cleaning system processing waste water.
The present invention is further preferably more than 16 meters of 6 meters or more coke ovens, each coke furnace carbonization chamber 1 to the length of coke furnace carbonization chamber 1 5~8 holes 1.1 of coalingging are set.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, system 4 of coalingging of the invention is coaling using charging car, and the system 4 of coalingging includes using Include coal store 4.2, institute in containing coal and charging car 4.1a, the charging car 4.1a that coal is transferred in coke furnace carbonization chamber 1 The lower end for stating coal store 4.2 is equipped with for that (can be equipped on the lower hopper to each lower hopper 4.3 for coalingging the conveying coal of pipe 4.7 Control the baiting valve of discharge quantity), coal set 4.8 is drawn in one end connection of the pipe 4.7 of coalingging, and the coal set 4.8 that draws can stretch into coke oven Coal is conveyed in the hole 1.1 of coalingging of carbonization chamber 1 and to coke furnace carbonization chamber 1, in addition, the system of coalingging further includes being located at oven top of coke oven On system supporting rack 4.9 of coalingging, it is described coaling system supporting rack 4.9 equipped with opened unit 4.9b and for close coke oven charing Each coaling the seal closure 4.9a in hole 1.1 on room 1;The seal closure 4.9a is preferably that upper and lower ends are open the open circles of setting Pipe, and the lower end of the seal closure 4.9a is equipped with sealing shirt rim 4.9a-1.The present invention it is also preferred that the number in hole 1.1 of coalingging with Opened unit 4.9b, the number of seal closure 4.9a are identical.
As shown in Fig. 2, the preferably described system supporting rack 4.9 of coalingging of the present invention is arranged in a manner of sliding latch in pipe of coalingging On 4.7, the system supporting rack 4.9 of coalingging can slide up and down along the central axial direction for pipe 4.7 of coalingging.
As shown in figure 3, the both ends of the preferably described system supporting rack 4.9 of coalingging of the present invention are respectively equipped with elevating mechanism 4.91, Each elevating mechanism 4.91 is separately connected packaged type wheel 4.92, and the packaged type wheel 4.92 is arranged along oven top of coke oven Traveling track 4.93 move, on the one hand by control elevating mechanism 4.91 come the system supporting rack 4.9 that ensures to coaling along pipe of coalingging 4.7 central axis slides up and down, and on the other hand mobile packaged type wheel 4.92 can make to coaling system supporting rack 4.9 in coke It is moved on stove furnace roof.
When Fig. 2, system 4 shown in Fig. 3 of coalingging start to coaling, charging car 4.1a is transported to oven top of coke oven, makes each blanking Bucket 4.3 corresponds to hole 1.1 of each coalingging;System supporting rack 4.9 of coalingging is moved down, starts opened unit 4.9b openings and coalings on hole 1.1 Charging hole lid draws coal set 4.8 and stretches into and coaling in hole 1.1, then the sealing shirt rim 4.9a-1 of each seal closure 4.9a is made to be adjacent to coke oven Furnace roof ensures each hole 1.1 of coalingging of sealing;Charging car 4.1a starts to coaling to coke furnace carbonization chamber 1, the dress of common single coke oven The coal time only has 2~3min, the present invention that will coaling time lengthening for 20~60min (preferably 30min), while in the mistake coaling The gas passage that coke side coal-charging smoke recovery system 2 is opened in journey, closes the inner passage of pusher side coke-stove gas recovery system 3, Coal-charging smoke flows through 2.2 isolated dust of water-sealed valve and flue gas, and the dust enters with the water flow inside of water-sealed valve 2.2 and water Coal dust solid is obtained in the sedimentation basin that envelope valve return duct 2.24 is connected, the flue gas enters in combustion chamber 2.3;The combustion chamber Automatic ignition burns to oxygen depleted when automatic ignitor 2.31 in 2.3 contains oxygen in flue gas, obtains residual gas;It waits for After all burnt, dedusting automatic regulating valve 2.5 is opened, and residual gas, which enters, coalings and gather dust manifold 2.4, and controls into coke oven Flue-gas temperature≤300 DEG C of combustion chamber are until end of coalingging.
As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5 and Figure 6, system 4 of coalingging of the invention is coaling by the way of multiple coal towers are arranged, often Seat coke oven corresponds to several towers of coalingging, and the present invention preferably establishes 3~7 tower 4.1b that coaling in the oven top of coke oven of every coke oven, together When relative to traditional coal tower, reduce the height and width of the tower 4.1b that coalings, the tower 4.1b that coalings includes coal tower coke side column 4.1b-1, coal tower crane heel post 4.1b-2 and shape is enclosed by the coal tower coke side column 4.1b-1 and coal tower crane heel post 4.1b-2 At coal store 4.2, be equipped with lower hopper 4.3 in 4.2 lower end of coal store, the lower hopper 4.14 is equipped with blanking device 4.3a, The preferred blanking device 4.3a of the present invention is Vibrated baiting device, and the discharge port of each lower hopper 4.3 connects the pan feeding of a coal chute 4.4 Mouthful, and the number of coal chute 4.4 is equal with the number of perforations of coalingging of each coke furnace carbonization chamber 1.It is preferably set on a coke oven simultaneously 6~8 coal chutes being mutually parallel 4.4 are set, the central axial direction of every coal chute 4.4 is each perpendicular to coke furnace carbonization chamber 1, often Root coal chute 4.4 is used to convey coal charge to several coke furnace carbonization chambers 1, is arranged with and is used in the lateral wall of every coal chute 4.4 The heating mantle 4.41 of pre- hot coal, the present invention preferably walks heat smoke in heating mantle 4.41 or steam is used to take off coal charge heat drying Water, is equipped with feed appliance 4.42 in every coal chute 4.4, and the preferred feed appliance 4.42 of the present invention is feeding screw or scraper plate conveying Device, and equipped with the motor 4.44 for driving it to move on feed appliance 4.42, each hole of coalingging is located on coal chute 4.4 1.1 surface is further opened with coal chute manhole 4.43.Meanwhile the independent small coal of each discharge port connection of the coal chute 4.4 Storehouse 4.5, the independent coal pocket is for storing certain coal amount, the coal storage of the preferred each independent coal pocket 4.5 of the present invention It is the 5~15% of 1 coal capacity of each coke furnace carbonization chamber, the independent coal pocket 4.5 connects the one end for pipe 4.7 of coalingging, the dress Coal set 4.8 is drawn in the other end connection of coal pipe 4.7, and baiting valve 4.6 is equipped in the pipe 4.7 of coalingging;In addition, described coaling system also Include the system supporting rack 4.9 of coalingging on oven top of coke oven, the system supporting rack 4.9 of coalingging equipped with opened unit 4.9b and Seal closure 4.9a for closing hole 1.1 of each coalingging on coke furnace carbonization chamber 1;The seal closure 4.9a is preferably that upper and lower ends are equal Be open the hollow circular-tube being arranged, and the lower end of the seal closure 4.9a is equipped with sealing shirt rim 4.9a-1.The present invention it is also preferred that Coaling hole 1.1 number it is identical as the number of opened unit 4.9b, seal closure 4.9a.
As shown in figure 5, the preferably described system supporting rack 4.9 of coalingging of the present invention is arranged in a manner of sliding latch in pipe of coalingging On 4.7, the system supporting rack 4.9 of coalingging can slide up and down along the central axial direction for pipe 4.7 of coalingging.
As shown in fig. 6, the both ends of the preferably described system supporting rack 4.9 of coalingging of the present invention are respectively equipped with elevating mechanism 4.91, Each elevating mechanism 4.91 is separately connected packaged type wheel 4.92, and the packaged type wheel 4.92 is arranged along oven top of coke oven Traveling track 4.93 move, on the one hand by control elevating mechanism 4.91 come the system supporting rack 4.9 that ensures to coaling along pipe of coalingging 4.7 central axis slides up and down, and on the other hand mobile packaged type wheel 4.92 can make to coaling system supporting rack 4.9 in coke It is moved on stove furnace roof.
When Fig. 4, Fig. 4 of the present invention, system 4 shown in fig. 6 of coalingging start to coaling, holder 4.9 is moved down, starts opened unit 4.9b The charging hole lid coaling on hole 1.1 is opened, draws coal set 4.8 and stretches into and coaling in hole 1.1, then keep each seal closure 4.9a sealings each It coalings hole 1.1;Start blanking device 4.3a and feed appliance 4.42, coal completes preheating in coal chute 4.4, opens baiting valve 4.6 and opens Beginning coalings, and the time of coalingging is 60~150min, opens simultaneously the gas passage of coke side coke-stove gas recovery system 2, closes pusher side The inner passage of coke-stove gas recovery system 3, coal-charging smoke flow through 2.2 isolated dust of water-sealed valve and flue gas, the dust Enter in the sedimentation basin being connected with water-sealed valve return duct 2.24 with the water flow inside of water-sealed valve 2.2 and obtains coal dust solid, it is described Flue gas enters in combustion chamber 2.3;Automatic ignition when automatic ignitor 2.31 in the combustion chamber 2.3 contains oxygen in flue gas Burning obtains residual gas to oxygen depleted;After to be combusted, dedusting automatic regulating valve 2.5 is opened, and residual gas enters dress Coal gathers dust in manifold 2.4, and controls into flue-gas temperature≤300 DEG C of coke oven combustion chamber until end of coalingging.
As shown in Figure 7, Figure 8, system 4 of coalingging of the invention is coaling in such a way that no coal tower is without coal car, the dress Coal measures system 4 includes the coal store 4.2 being located above oven top of coke oven, the present invention preferably number of rows of the coal store 4.2 with it is each burnt The hole number of coalingging of oven carbonization chamber 1 is identical, and the number in the hole of coalingging is preferably 5~8, and the coal store 4.2 is horizontally disposed On oven top of coke oven, and each coal store 4.2 is delivered coal to several adjacent coke furnace carbonization chambers 1 simultaneously, in each two Arrange that conveying device 4.1c, the conveying device 4.1c include belt conveyer 4.1c-1 and the defeated coal of warehouse entry between coal store 4.2 Belt feeder 4.1c-2 is equipped with travelling platform 5 also above oven top of coke oven;Due to the present invention without coal tower without charging car, come from coal blending The coal of system is delivered to by belt conveyer 4.1c-1 on warehouse entry coal conveyer belts 4.1c-2 and by warehouse entry coal conveyer belts 4.1c-2 is delivered to coal store 4.2.The coal store 4.2 is respectively used to coalingging to each coke furnace carbonization chamber 1 including several The lower hopper 4.3 of 1.1 defeated coal of hole, each lower hopper 4.3 are equipped with blanking device 4.3a, the preferably described blanking device of the present invention 4.3a is Vibrated baiting device;And 20~40% that the coal storage of the lower hopper 4.3 is 1 coal capacity of each coke furnace carbonization chamber (preferably 30%), the lower hopper 4.3 connect the one end for pipe 4.7 of coalingging, and the other end connection of the pipe 4.7 of coalingging can stretch into dress Draw coal set 4.8 in coal hole 1.1, baiting valve 4.6 is additionally provided in the pipe 4.7 of coalingging;The baiting valve 4.6 controls blanking speed Degree.
In addition, the system of coalingging further includes the system supporting rack 4.9 of coalingging being located on oven top of coke oven, the system of coalingging Supporting rack 4.9 is equipped with the opened unit 4.9b and seal closure 4.9a for closing hole 1.1 of each coalingging on coke furnace carbonization chamber 1;Institute It is preferably that upper and lower ends are open the hollow circular-tube of setting, and the lower end of the seal closure 4.9a is equipped with sealing to state seal closure 4.9a Shirt rim 4.9a-1.The present invention is it is also preferred that the number in hole 1.1 of coalingging is identical as the number of opened unit 4.9b, seal closure 4.9a.
As shown in fig. 7, the preferably described system supporting rack 4.9 of coalingging of the present invention is arranged in a manner of sliding latch in pipe of coalingging On 4.7, the system supporting rack 4.9 of coalingging can slide up and down along the central axial direction for pipe 4.7 of coalingging.
As shown in figure 8, the both ends of the preferably described system supporting rack 4.9 of coalingging of the present invention are respectively equipped with elevating mechanism 4.91, Each elevating mechanism 4.91 is separately connected packaged type wheel 4.92, and the packaged type wheel 4.92 is arranged along oven top of coke oven Traveling track 4.93 move, on the one hand by control elevating mechanism 4.91 come the system supporting rack 4.9 that ensures to coaling along pipe of coalingging 4.7 central axis slides up and down, and on the other hand mobile packaged type wheel 4.92 can make to coaling system supporting rack 4.9 in coke It is moved on stove furnace roof.
The slow process of coalingging of the present invention can realize the drying that is fully warmed-up to coal, the water as much as possible by as-fired coal Divide abjection, had both reduced the yield of coking wastewater, and also improved coke quality to a certain extent;Also, use is at the uniform velocity slow Slowly the mode coaling slows down impact of the as-fired coal to the furnace wall of coke furnace carbonization chamber, reduces paroxysmal amount during original-pack coal Big flue dust peak value can reduce the investment of dust collection for charging, or reduce the excessive probability of coal-charging smoke, meanwhile, by dust of coalingging Sending to coke oven combustion chamber realizes energy utilization;
Above example is only best citing, rather than a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention.Except above-described embodiment Outside, the present invention also has other embodiment.All technical solutions formed using equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation, all fall within the present invention It is required that protection domain.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of cleaning coke making process based on what is coaling at a slow speed, coke furnace carbonization chamber (1) and coke oven combustion of the technique in coke oven It is carried out in room, includes through hole of coalingging (1.1) using the system of coalingging (4) being located above coke furnace carbonization chamber (1) to coke furnace carbonization chamber (1) it coalings, it is characterised in that:Control coalings the time as 20~150min, and the coal-charging smoke that process of coalingging generates is set in coke The coke side coal-charging smoke recovery system (2) of oven carbonization chamber (1) coke side is sent into coke oven combustion chamber as supplement fuel, coking after collecting The raw coke oven gas that process generates passes through pusher side coke-stove gas recovery system (3) recycling positioned at coke furnace carbonization chamber (1) pusher side.
2. cleaning coke making process based on what is coaling at a slow speed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The coke side is coaling cigarette Dust recovery system (2) includes the manifold (2.4) and positioned at the receipts of coalingging of gathering dust that coalings for conveying flue gas to coke oven combustion chamber Coal-charging smoke combustion chamber (2.3) between dirt manifold (2.4) and coke furnace carbonization chamber (1), the coal-charging smoke enter coal-charging smoke It is flared off in combustion chamber (2.3) after mixed oxygen and gathers dust manifold (2.4) feeding coke oven combustion chambers as supplement combustion through coalingging Material.
3. cleaning coke making process based on what is coaling at a slow speed according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:Every the 2 of every coke oven ~3 coke furnace carbonization chambers (1) share a coal-charging smoke combustion chamber (2.3), the gas outlet of each coal-charging smoke combustion chamber (2.3) It is all connected with the manifold (2.4) that gathers dust that coalings.
4. cleaning coke making process based on what is coaling at a slow speed according to claims 1 or 2 or 3 are described, it is characterised in that:It is described to coaling System (4) includes the system supporting rack (4.9) of coalingging that can be moved along coke furnace carbonization chamber (1) central axial direction, and described coaling is Supporting rack (4.9) of uniting is equipped with opened unit (4.9b) and the seal closure (4.9a) for closing each hole of coalingging (1.1).
5. cleaning coke making process based on what is coaling at a slow speed according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The system branch of coalingging The both ends of support (4.9) are respectively equipped with elevating mechanism (4.91), and each elevating mechanism (4.91) is separately connected packaged type wheel (4.92), the traveling track (4.93) that the packaged type wheel (4.92) is arranged along oven top of coke oven is mobile.
6. cleaning coke making process based on what is coaling at a slow speed according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The system of coalingging (4) it includes charging car (4.1a), the coal store being from top to bottom sequentially distributed along the central axial direction of coke furnace carbonization chamber (1) to be (4.2), lower hopper (4.3), pipe of coalingging (4.7) and the vehicle type charging system of coalingging for drawing coal set (4.8) draw coal set along each (4.8) lateral wall is arranged there are one seal closure (4.9a).
7. cleaning coke making process based on what is coaling at a slow speed according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The system of coalingging (4) it includes tower of coalingging (4.1b), the coal store being from top to bottom sequentially distributed along the central axial direction of coke furnace carbonization chamber (1) to be (4.2), lower hopper (4.3), coal chute (4.4), independent coal pocket (4.5), baiting valve (4.6), pipe of coalingging (4.7) and draw coal set (4.8) the tower charging system of more coals is arranged along each lateral wall for drawing coal set (4.8) there are one seal closure (4.9a).
8. cleaning coke making process based on what is coaling at a slow speed according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:The coal chute (4.4) it is arranged horizontally in and coalings right over hole, each coal chute (4.4) while delivering coal to several coke furnace carbonization chambers (1), every Coke oven corresponds to several towers of coalingging (4.1b), and tower (4.1b) of each coalingging is each described for delivering coal to two coal chutes (4.4) Coal chute lateral wall is arranged with the heating mantle (4.41) for pre- hot coal, is equipped in the coal chute (4.4) for each coke The feed appliance (4.42) that oven carbonization chamber (1) is delivered coal.
9. cleaning coke making process based on what is coaling at a slow speed according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The system of coalingging (4) include coal store (4.2) and the conveying device (4.1c) for delivering coal to coal store (4.2), the coal store (4.2) include Be correspondingly arranged at lower hopper (4.3) above each hole of coalingging (1.1), along coke furnace carbonization chamber (1) central axial direction by up to Under the baiting valve (4.6) being connected successively with the lower hopper (4.3), pipe of coalingging (4.7) and draw coal set (4.8), draw coal along each The lateral wall of set (4.8) is also arranged there are one seal closure (4.9a).
10. cleaning coke making process based on what is coaling at a slow speed according to claim 9, it is characterised in that:The conveying device (4.1c) includes belt conveyer (4.1c-1) between being located at two coal stores (4.2) and for each lower hopper (4.3) The warehouse entry coal conveyer belts (4.1c-2) delivered coal.
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