CN108739847B - Hybrid rice ear bud-growing inhibitor and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Hybrid rice ear bud-growing inhibitor and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108739847B CN108739847B CN201810587574.1A CN201810587574A CN108739847B CN 108739847 B CN108739847 B CN 108739847B CN 201810587574 A CN201810587574 A CN 201810587574A CN 108739847 B CN108739847 B CN 108739847B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
- A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
- A01N57/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing acyclic or cycloaliphatic radicals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/42—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing within the same carbon skeleton a carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a carbon atom having only two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. keto-carboxylic acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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Abstract
The invention provides a hybrid rice ear bud-growing inhibitor which comprises the raw materials of vitamins, plant extracts, an osmotic adjusting agent, a growth inhibitor, a surfactant and water, wherein the vitamins are phytic acid, the plant extracts are coumarin, the osmotic adjusting agent is NaCl, the growth inhibitor is abscisic acid, and the surfactant is Tween-20. The method for preparing the hybrid rice ear bud inhibitor comprises the steps of weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, sequentially adding the raw materials into water, stirring and uniformly mixing the raw materials, and then adjusting the pH value. The inhibitor for the bud formation on the ear of hybrid rice provided by the invention has the advantages of low formula cost, simple preparation method, no toxicity and harm, no damage to ecological environment after long-term use, no influence on subsequent germination quality, convenient and effective use, short absorption time, extremely small dosage, water-soluble substances as raw materials in the formula, odorless liquid, long-term storage invariability and suitability for wide hybrid rice seed production and production areas in China.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rice seed production, and particularly relates to a hybrid rice ear bud-growing inhibitor and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The germination of rice seeds is the most critical period in the individual development of the seed plants, and directly influences the planting and hybrid seed production of the rice. A mode of rice ear bud germination as a seed germination refers to a phenomenon that seeds germinate on ears (Pre-sharp germination for short) before harvest when some cereal crops meet continuous rainy days in the middle and later periods of grain filling. Most of hybrid rice seed production fields in China are in the south, after seeds of hybrid rice are mature, the hybrid rice often encounters rainy days, high temperature and high humidity weather in successive days due to short or unobvious dormancy period before harvest, and in addition, after effect generated by spraying of the Jiu-di 0(GA3) in the jointing stage is added to improve the outcrossing rate of sterile lines, so that the seeds are easy to sprout on ears. The main symptoms of the ear bud are that the ear bud is green, the viability of the seeds which do not germinate but germinate inside is also reduced, the quality of rice and the quality of seeds are seriously influenced, and further the subsequent use is influenced. The germination rate of the ear in normal years is about 5 percent, the germination rate in special years (high temperature and rainy days) can exceed 20 percent, the germination rate of the ear can reach 60 percent due to the large use of 920 and the special characteristics of shallow dormancy breaking and easy glume splitting of seeds of the sterile line, and the germination rate of the ear can reach more than 95 percent in serious cases. According to investigation, the ear buds reduce the seed production yield of the hybrid rice by 1-2 percent, which is more than half serious, and the average annual hybrid rice seed viability is reduced by more than 10 percent due to internal physiological change, so that the germination rate and the seedling rate of the seed are reduced, the yield is reduced if the germination rate is low, and the grain production plan cannot be completed if the planting area of the hybrid rice is influenced if the germination rate is high. Therefore, how to effectively prevent the shoot from being sprouted becomes a problem which needs to be solved urgently for the seed production of the hybrid rice and further improving the yield of the hybrid rice.
Many seed biologists and crop breeders at home and abroad are dedicated to the research on the pre-harvest sprouting of cereal crops, and the international committee on the pre-harvest sprouting organization of cereals has been held from the 70 th century, researchers have conducted extensive research on the pre-harvest sprouting phenomenon of rice seeds from the water content of rice seeds, environmental conditions (temperature, moisture, mineral nutrition, and the like), hydrolase activity, phytohormones, genetic characteristics, regulation and control of major genes and micro-effect genes, and the like, and provide references for the release of the pre-harvest sprouting phenomenon of rice and the search of a pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor. CN106172523A discloses a green rice pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor and a preparation method thereof, the rice pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor is composed of a red bayberry extract, an almond extract, a mulberry root extract, a salicylic acid extract and a green plum extract, the formula reasonably utilizes the characteristics of the raw materials, and the raw materials are reasonably matched to play a comprehensive pre-harvest sprouting inhibition effect, experiments prove that the rice pre-harvest sprouting inhibition effect is very obvious, the inhibitor provided by the invention is safe and can prevent pre-harvest sprouting, but the extracts are troublesome to the obtaining process. CN106106548A discloses a compound rice pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor and its preparation method and application, the rice pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor is composed of coumarin extract, bitter almond extract, mulberry root extract, salicylic acid extract, green plum extract, waxberry extract, paclobutrazol and abscisic acid.
In conclusion, there is still a need to develop a new hybrid rice ear bud inhibitor, which has a formula with low cost, is convenient and effective, is non-toxic and harmless, and does not affect the quality of the subsequent germination.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide an ear bud inhibitor for hybrid rice.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the inhibitor.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a hybrid rice ear bud-growing inhibitor comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
2 to 25 per mill of vitamin,
0.01 to 1 per mill of plant extract,
0.2 to 3 per mill of permeation regulator,
0.1 to 0.6 per mill of surfactant,
the balance being water.
Preferably, the ear bud inhibitor comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
5 to 25 per mill of vitamin,
0.1 to 1 per mill of plant extract,
0.2 to 0.5 per mill of permeation regulator,
0.2 to 0.4 per mill of surfactant,
the balance being water.
Preferably, the ear bud inhibitor further comprises 0.001-0.2 per thousand of growth inhibitor by mass.
Further preferably, the growth inhibitor is abscisic acid.
Preferably, the vitamin is phytic acid.
Preferably, the plant extract is coumarin.
Preferably, the osmolyte regulator is NaCl.
Preferably, the surfactant is tween 20.
A method for preparing the hybrid rice ear bud inhibitor comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, sequentially adding the raw materials into water, uniformly mixing, and adjusting the pH.
Preferably, the pH is in the range of 5.8-6.0.
Further preferably, the agent used to adjust the pH is HCl.
Abscisic acid (ABA) plays an important role in the bud on the ear, is one of the most important hormones in the plant body, can regulate and control the growth and development of the plant, simultaneously improves the reaction capacity of the plant to adverse circumstances such as drought resistance, salt resistance and the like, is a plant hormone for inhibiting the growth, has the main functions of causing bud dormancy, leaf abscission, inhibiting the growth and the like, and plays an important role in the abiotic stress response such as seed dormancy, germination, stomatal closure, drought, low temperature and the like.
Phytic acid, a member of the vitamin B group, is known as inositol-hexaphosphate, also known as phytate, and is a relatively important natural substance commonly found in nature, widely present in plants such as beans, cereals, dried fruits, vegetables and fruits, and especially present in seeds in the highest content, stored mainly in the form of phosphate and inositol, and stored hardly in free form, usually with divalent or trivalent cations such as Ca2+、Mg2+And Mn2+The plasma forms salts before forming with the protein, vesicular globules with a monolayer that further aggregate into larger volume spheroids, which are the predominant deposition form of phytic acid in organisms. Phytic acid is readily soluble in ethanol and water, and poorly soluble in anhydrous ether, chloroform and benzene. The phytic acid is light yellow or brown syrup. The aqueous solution is strongly acidic. Has effects in regulating pH and buffering. The phytic acid is decomposed by heating, and is stable by heating below 120 ℃ in a short time. Phytic acid is also stable to light but is not stable to microorganisms, and phytase can decompose it into inositol and phosphate, is sensitive to yeast and is easily damaged by its fermentation. Phytic acid has chelating capacity in a wide pH value range, and the chelating effect is strong and weak, and is related to the type of chelated metal ions, and the chelating effect is strong under acidic and neutral conditions.
The phytic acid plays an important role in the growth and development process of plants, can be combined with ions such as Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe, Ba, Zn and the like in the plants to form phytate, is gradually accumulated in the growth and maturation process of seeds, provides energy for the growth of the plants and promotes the germination of the seeds. During seed germination, phytate is dissociated by in vivo phytase, and bound metal ions are released to meet the requirements of various metabolic activities of seeds in the germination process and the level of inorganic phosphorus in the seeds. Phytic acid is also involved in intracellular processes such as ATP synthesis, signal transduction, DNA damage repair and RNA transport. Phytic acid also mediates the transport of substances. The incomplete hydrolysis products of phytic acid, such as inositol triphosphate, act in signal transduction in animal and plant cells and are transmitted intracellularly as secondary messengers.
The phytic acid and coumarin can effectively inhibit the germination of seeds, and on the basis, the phytic acid, coumarin and ABA are properly mixed, so that the dormant period of the seeds can be prolonged or the buds on the ears of the seeds can be delayed.
The phytic acid used in the components inhibits the endogenous alpha-amylase activity of hybrid rice grains so as to inhibit the ear buds, and meanwhile, the phytic acid can also reduce free phosphoric acid in the hybrid rice grains, inhibit the activity of hydrolase, weaken the reaction of amylase for decomposing starch, improve the activity of starch synthase and facilitate the synthesis of starch.
Coumarin can prevent starch hydrolysis, and the material and energy required for the initial stage of rice seed germination are obtained from the decomposition of storage nutrients in endosperm, wherein the main storage material is starch.
The abscisic acid in the components can improve the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase which are protective enzyme systems in plants, and simultaneously, the abscisic acid can act synergistically with phytic acid to inhibit the activity of endogenous hydrolase of grains.
The NaCl used in the components can be used as an osmotic adjusting agent to quickly reduce the water content of the seeds.
The reagent is not easy to fall off from the ear by adding the Tween 20, so that the inhibition effect is improved.
The invention has the advantages of
1. The hybrid rice ear bud inhibitor provided by the invention has the advantages of low formula cost, simple preparation method, no toxicity and no harm, can not damage the ecological environment after long-term use, and does not influence the subsequent germination quality;
2. the inhibitor for bud formation on hybrid rice ears provided by the invention is convenient and effective to use, and is sprayed in a mist form by a sprayer once in the rice filling period;
3. the inhibitor provided by the invention has extremely low dosage, can be used after being diluted by 100mL of finished medicine liquid mixed with 20 liters of water per mu area, all raw materials in the formula are water-soluble substances, the liquid is odorless, can be stored for a long time without degeneration, and is suitable for seed production and production areas of wide hybrid rice in China.
Detailed Description
The following are specific examples of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.
Example 1
A hybrid rice ear bud-growing inhibitor comprises the following raw materials in per liter of inhibitor:
5g of phytic acid, 0.1g of coumarin, 0.001g of abscisic acid, 0.5g of NaCl, 200.3 g of Tween and 994.099g of water.
Example 2
A hybrid rice ear bud-growing inhibitor comprises the following raw materials in per liter of inhibitor:
25g of phytic acid, 1g of coumarin, 0.02g of abscisic acid, 3g of NaCl, 200.3 g of Tween and 970.68g of water.
Example 3
A hybrid rice ear bud-growing inhibitor comprises the following raw materials in per liter of inhibitor:
20g of phytic acid, 0.2g of coumarin, 0.003g of abscisic acid, 0.5g of NaCl, 200.3 g of Tween and 978.997g of water.
Comparative example 1
A hybrid rice ear bud-growing inhibitor comprises the following raw materials in per liter of inhibitor:
41.5g of phytic acid and 958.5g of water.
Comparative example 2
A hybrid rice ear bud-growing inhibitor comprises the following raw materials in per liter of inhibitor:
0.8g of coumarin and 999.2g of water.
Comparative example 3
A hybrid rice ear bud-growing inhibitor comprises the following raw materials in per liter of inhibitor:
0.013g of abscisic acid and 999.987g of water.
Comparative example 4
A hybrid rice ear bud-growing inhibitor comprises the following raw materials in per liter of inhibitor:
20g of phytic acid, 0.2g of coumarin, 0.003g of abscisic acid, 200.3 g of tween and 979.497g of water.
Comparative example 5
A hybrid rice ear bud-growing inhibitor comprises the following raw materials in per liter of inhibitor:
20g of phytic acid, 0.2g of coumarin, 0.003g of abscisic acid and 979.797g of water.
Test examples
The hybrid rice ear sprouting inhibitors of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were compared with a control group (no spraying), and were sprayed once onto test rice in a mist form with a sprayer during the rice filling period, and diluted with 15mL of finished drug solution per square meter with 3 liters of water for use. The results of comparing the change in the percentage of panicle sprouting after inhibitor treatment are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 comparison of ear sprouting rates
| Numbering | Inhibitor number | Total number of grains of rice | Incidence of ear sprouting |
| 1 | Example 1 | 1000 | 52％ |
| 2 | Example 2 | 1000 | 34％ |
| 3 | Example 3 | 1000 | 46％ |
| 4 | Comparative example 1 | 1000 | 72％ |
| 5 | Comparative example 2 | 1000 | 61％ |
| 6 | Comparative example 3 | 1000 | 62％ |
| 7 | Comparative example 4 | 1000 | 50％ |
| 8 | Comparative example 5 | 1000 | 54％ |
| 9 | Control (No spray) | 1000 | 98％ |
By using the formula and the proportion provided by the invention, the synergistic effect among the raw materials enables the prepared inhibitor to have the optimal effect, and the loss or excess of the raw material components can influence the effect of the inhibitor. The addition of each reagent in excess amount, although the initial inhibitory effect is remarkable, adversely affects the seeds in the latter stage.
Claims (3)
1. The inhibitor for bud formation on hybrid rice ears is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass:
20g of phytic acid, 0.2g of coumarin, 0.003g of abscisic acid, 0.5g of NaCl, 200.3 g of Tween and 978.997g of water.
2. A method for producing the hybrid rice ear bud inhibitor of claim 1, which comprises: weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, sequentially adding the raw materials into water, uniformly mixing, and adjusting the pH.
3. The method for preparing the hybrid rice panicle sprout inhibition agent as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pH is in the range of 5.8 to 6.0.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101773137A (en) * | 2010-01-26 | 2010-07-14 | 湖南农业大学 | Hybrid rice pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor |
| CN106106548A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-16 | 广东省农业科学院水稻研究所 | A kind of composite water spike of rice sprouts inhibitor and its preparation method and application |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101773137A (en) * | 2010-01-26 | 2010-07-14 | 湖南农业大学 | Hybrid rice pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor |
| CN106106548A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-16 | 广东省农业科学院水稻研究所 | A kind of composite water spike of rice sprouts inhibitor and its preparation method and application |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| "‘穗芽克’抑制杂交稻制种母本穗芽的研究";谈惠娟 等;《中国稻米》;20060720(第4期);第30-32页 * |
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