CN108727077B - Organic solid waste treatment method - Google Patents
Organic solid waste treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108727077B CN108727077B CN201810920028.5A CN201810920028A CN108727077B CN 108727077 B CN108727077 B CN 108727077B CN 201810920028 A CN201810920028 A CN 201810920028A CN 108727077 B CN108727077 B CN 108727077B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/989—Flow sheets for biological or biochemical treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste treatment, and particularly relates to a method for treating organic solid waste, which comprises the following steps: putting the organic solid waste into a waste treatment device for crushing and water filtering; after the organic solid waste is crushed and filtered, putting the obtained solid waste into an anaerobic hydrolysis acidification reactor, adding a microbial agent, carrying out anaerobic hydrolysis acidification treatment, detecting the pH value until the pH value is not reduced any more, and then finishing acidification treatment; and (4) putting the materials after the acidification treatment into an aerobic reactor for aerobic composting treatment to obtain the thoroughly decomposed compost. On one hand, the invention reduces the energy consumption of single aerobic treatment, shortens the period, reduces the loss of ammonia nitrogen and improves the fertilizer efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste treatment, and particularly relates to a method for treating organic solid waste.
Background
In recent years, due to the rapid development of the economy of China, the living standard of people is continuously improved, the urbanization speed is continuously accelerated, and the environmental governance of China is continuously enhanced, so that the production quantity of organic solid wastes is increased at a high speed. The organic solid waste contains a large amount of pathogenic bacteria, parasitic ova, heavy metals such as chromium and mercury, dioxin and other toxic, harmful and carcinogenic substances which are difficult to degrade, easily causes pollution to underground water, soil and the like, and directly harms human health.
At present, the following methods are mainly used for treating organic solid wastes: incineration, landfill, resource utilization and the like. The most obvious treatment of reduction is incineration, but the incineration not only consumes high energy, but also wastes a large amount of resources. The most common method is landfill, but because the available field for landfill is limited, the landfill easily causes secondary pollution and waste of energy. The treatment technology of the organic solid waste mainly comprises aerobic composting and anaerobic fermentation, wherein the anaerobic treatment technology has the defects of large occupied area, long treatment time, easy generation of stink, insufficient decomposition of impurities in the product and the like; aerobic composting requires a large amount of oxygen, and has the disadvantages of high power consumption, high operation cost, more nitrogen loss than anaerobic treatment and reduced fertilizer efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an organic solid waste treatment method, which is mainly used for providing an organic solid waste treatment method. The method adopts a mode of combining incomplete anaerobic treatment and aerobic composting, reduces the energy consumption of pure aerobic treatment, shortens the period, reduces the loss of ammonia nitrogen and improves the fertilizer efficiency.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to an organic solid waste treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: putting the organic solid waste into a waste treatment device for crushing and water filtering;
step two: after the organic solid waste is crushed and filtered in the first step, putting the obtained solid waste into an anaerobic hydrolysis acidification reactor, adding a microbial agent, carrying out anaerobic hydrolysis acidification treatment, detecting the pH value until the pH value is not reduced any more, and then finishing acidification treatment;
step three: putting the material which is subjected to acidification treatment in the step two into an aerobic reactor for aerobic composting treatment to obtain decomposed compost;
the waste treatment device in the first step comprises a treatment box, a crushing unit, a filter screen and a collection box, wherein a feed port is formed in the top of the treatment box, a discharge port is formed in the side wall of the treatment box, and organic solid waste enters the treatment box through the feed port; the crushing unit is arranged in the treatment box and is used for crushing the organic solid waste entering the treatment box; the filter screen is arranged in the treatment box and is positioned below the crushing unit, the filter screen is used for filtering moisture of the crushed organic waste, and the filtered waste is discharged out of the treatment box through the discharge hole; the collecting box is positioned at one side of the treatment box, the collecting box is connected with a discharge port of the treatment box, and the filtered waste is discharged from the discharge port and then enters the collecting box, so that the subsequent recovery is facilitated; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the crushing unit comprises a first crushing shaft, a second crushing shaft, an eccentric shaft, crushing teeth, a motor, belt wheels, a transmission belt, gears and a fixing frame, wherein the first crushing shaft is arranged in number two, the first crushing shaft is horizontally arranged on the front wall and the rear wall of the treatment box in a bilateral symmetry mode, the first crushing shaft is positioned inside the treatment box, the crushing teeth are arranged on the surface of the outer circle of the first crushing shaft and used for crushing organic solid wastes, the two ends of the first crushing shaft extend out of the treatment box, and the belt wheels are arranged on the outer side portion of the first crushing shaft on the treatment box; the number of the second crushing shafts is at least two, the second crushing shafts are bilaterally and symmetrically horizontally arranged on the front wall and the rear wall of the treatment box, the second crushing shafts are positioned below the first crushing shafts, the first crushing shafts and the second crushing shafts form a V-shaped structure, two ends of the second crushing shafts extend out of the treatment box, belt wheels are also arranged on the outer side parts of the second crushing shafts, the adjacent belt wheels positioned on one side of the V shape are connected through a conveyor belt, the second crushing shafts at the lowest part are not connected through the conveyor belt, gears are also arranged on the second crushing shafts at the lowest part, the two gears are meshed with each other, a sliding groove is arranged on the second crushing shaft along the radial direction, a through hole is arranged on the second crushing shaft along the axial direction, the sliding groove is communicated with the through hole, and crushing teeth are arranged in the sliding groove; the eccentric shaft is eccentrically arranged in the through hole of the second crushing shaft, and the length of the eccentric shaft is greater than that of the second crushing shaft; the fixed frame is arranged outside the treatment box, two ends of the eccentric shaft are arranged on the fixed frame, the crushing teeth in the second crushing shaft are in contact with the eccentric shaft, one end of each crushing tooth in contact with the eccentric shaft is provided with a flange, a first spring is arranged on each crushing tooth, and the first spring is positioned inside the second crushing shaft; the motor is installed in the outside of handling the case, and the motor is connected with one of them broken axle No. one. When in work, organic solid waste is put into the processing box through the feeding hole, the motor drives the first crushing shaft to rotate, the first crushing shaft and the second crushing shaft on one side of the V shape realize the same-direction rotation through belt transmission, the second crushing shaft at the lowest part realizes the motion transmission through gear transmission, so that the first crushing shaft and the second crushing shaft on the other side of the V shape also rotate in the same direction and the rotating directions are opposite, thereby increasing the crushing area of the organic solid waste, improving the crushing efficiency and having better crushing effect, and simultaneously when the second crushing shaft rotates, due to the existence of the eccentric shaft, the crushing teeth on the second crushing shaft move in the chute, so that in the rotating process of the second crushing shaft, the crushing teeth only push the waste downwards to realize crushing, but do not lift the waste upwards, so that the crushing effect of the organic solid waste is improved.
The treatment box is characterized in that a material shaking plate is arranged on the inner wall of the treatment box, one end of the material shaking plate is hinged to the inner wall of the treatment box, a second spring is arranged in the middle of the material shaking plate and is connected with the inner wall of the treatment box, and an air bag is arranged between the material shaking plate and the treatment box. When the organic solid waste enters the treatment box, the waste is smashed on the material shaking plate under the action of gravity, so that the material shaking plate shakes, on one hand, the waste becomes loose, and the subsequent crushing effect is improved; on the other hand, the material shaking plate enables the air bag to generate compressed air in the shaking process, and the utilization of energy is improved.
The vertical cylinder that is provided with in processing roof portion, the cylinder is located and handles incasement portion, and the pressure disk is installed to the piston rod lower extreme of cylinder, and the pressure disk is located crushing unit top, and the pressure disk is used for compressing tightly organic solid waste on crushing axle and No. two crushing axles, improves broken effect, and the air inlet and the gasbag of cylinder pass through the hose and link to each other, and the cylinder is provided with the check valve in the position of air inlet, and the cylinder sets up the relief valve in the position of gas outlet. When the air bag is shaken by the shaking plate to generate compressed air, the compressed air enters the air cylinder, so that the pressure plate is driven by the piston rod of the air cylinder to slowly rise, and in the process, the waste below the pressure plate is crushed and new waste falls into the crushing unit; when the pressure in the air cylinder exceeds a set value, the pressure relief valve releases air, the pressure plate falls under the action of gravity to compress waste on the crushing unit, and the air cylinder continuously fills and releases air under the action of the air bag, so that continuous up-and-down movement of the pressure plate is realized, and the waste is extruded.
The pressure disk bottom is provided with the cutting tooth, and the pressure disk is at the in-process that the downstream pushed down organic solid waste, and the cutting tooth can assist the cutting to organic solid waste.
The side surface of the pressure plate is provided with impeller blades, and the pressure plate is rotatably connected with a piston rod of the air cylinder through a bearing. When organic solid waste falls on the material shaking plate, the material shaking plate enables the organic solid waste to be bounced, the waste smashes the impeller blade on the surface of the pressure plate, the pressure plate rotates, and therefore the cutting teeth at the bottom of the pressure plate rotate and cut the waste, and the cutting effect is improved.
The second crushing shaft is horizontally provided with a sliding groove on the side wall of the sliding groove, and a blade grinding stone, a spring III and an electromagnet are arranged in the sliding groove; the blade grindstone is positioned in the sliding groove of the second crushing shaft; the electromagnet is positioned at the bottom of the sliding groove, and the sharpening stone is connected with the electromagnet through a spring III. No. two broken axle pivoted in-process, the broken tooth of No. two broken epaxial constantly back and forth movement in the spout, when broken tooth withdrawal spout in, the contact of sword grindstone and the cutting sword of broken tooth carries out the sharpening to broken tooth through the motion of broken tooth, has guaranteed the effect of broken tooth cutting, has improved life.
The inside of the treatment box is also provided with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is positioned below the crushing unit, the rotating shaft penetrates through the middle of the filter screen, the filter screen is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft, the upper end of the rotating shaft is fixedly provided with an impeller, the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft is provided with a spiral groove, and the inner wall of the treatment box is provided with a fixed seat; the fixed seat is positioned below the filter screen, a through hole is vertically formed in the middle of the fixed seat, and the lower end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the through hole of the fixed seat; be provided with the fixed pin in the clearing hole, in the helicla flute of fixed pin embedding pivot, the pivot bottom is provided with the floating plate, and the floating plate rotates and installs in the pivot, realizes being connected through spring four between floating plate and the fixing base. After being extruded and crushed by the first crushing shaft and the second crushing shaft, the organic solid waste moves downwards under the action of gravity, the impeller is rotated by waste water generated after extrusion, so that the rotating shaft is driven to rotate, the rotating shaft moves downwards in the fixed seat while rotating, the rotating shaft can rotate reversely to realize rising due to the existence of the floating plate and the spring, so that the filter screen is driven to shake up and down, the waste on the filter screen can be better filtered, and the filtering effect is improved; simultaneously, the solid waste after filtering flows out from the discharge gate of handling the case because of the shake of filter screen more easily, makes whole processing progress more smoothly and high-efficient.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method adopts a mode of combining incomplete anaerobic treatment and aerobic composting, reduces the energy consumption of pure aerobic treatment, shortens the period, reduces the loss of ammonia nitrogen and improves the fertilizer efficiency, and the waste treatment device adopted by the invention is provided with a plurality of crushing shafts to drive the crushing teeth to extend out from one side, extrudes organic solid waste downwards to realize crushing without raising, thereby simultaneously crushing more organic solid waste, improving the crushing efficiency and the crushing effect, collecting the organic solid waste after completely crushing the organic solid waste after being directly filtered by a filter screen, reducing intermediate links and improving the waste treatment efficiency.
2. According to the organic solid waste treatment method, the waste treatment device adopted by the method utilizes the vibration of the material shaking plate in the falling process of the organic solid waste to enable the air bag to generate compressed air, and the generated compressed air drives the pressure plate above the crushing shaft to move up and down, so that the pressure plate can extrude the organic solid waste on the crushing shaft, and the crushing effect of the organic solid waste is improved.
3. According to the method for treating the organic solid waste, the rotating shaft is rotated by using the wastewater generated in the process of crushing the organic solid waste, so that the filter screen is driven to shake, the filter screen is filtered in the vibrating process, the filtering effect is improved, the moisture control of the crushed material is well realized, and the subsequent acidification treatment is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at B in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at C in FIG. 3;
in the figure: the grinding device comprises a treatment box 1, a grinding unit 2, a filter screen 3, a collection box 4, a feeding hole 11, a discharging hole 12, a first grinding shaft 21, a second grinding shaft 22, an eccentric shaft 23, grinding teeth 24, a belt wheel 25, a gear 26, a fixing frame 27, a material shaking plate 5, an air bag 6, an air cylinder 7, a pressing plate 8, cutting teeth 81, impeller blades 82, a grinding stone 10, a rotating shaft 91, an impeller 92, a fixing seat 93 and a floating plate 94.
Detailed Description
A method for treating organic solid waste according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 1 to 5.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the method for treating organic solid waste according to the present invention includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: putting the organic solid waste into a waste treatment device for crushing and water filtering;
step two: after the organic solid waste is crushed and filtered in the first step, putting the obtained solid waste into an anaerobic hydrolysis acidification reactor, adding a microbial agent, carrying out anaerobic hydrolysis acidification treatment, detecting the pH value until the pH value is not reduced any more, and then finishing acidification treatment;
step three: putting the material which is subjected to acidification treatment in the step two into an aerobic reactor for aerobic composting treatment to obtain decomposed compost;
the waste treatment device in the first step comprises a treatment box 1, a crushing unit 2, a filter screen 3 and a collection box 4, wherein a feed port 11 is formed in the top of the treatment box 1, a discharge port 12 is formed in the side wall of the treatment box 1, and organic solid waste enters the treatment box 1 through the feed port 11; the crushing unit 2 is arranged inside the treatment box 1, and the crushing unit 2 is used for crushing the organic solid waste entering the treatment box 1; the filter screen 3 is arranged in the treatment box 1, the filter screen 3 is positioned below the crushing unit 2, the filter screen 3 is used for filtering moisture of the crushed organic waste, and the filtered waste is discharged out of the treatment box 1 through the discharge hole 12; the collecting box 4 is positioned at one side of the treatment box 1, the collecting box 4 is connected with a discharge port 12 of the treatment box 1, and the filtered waste is discharged from the discharge port 12 and then enters the collecting box 4, so that the subsequent recovery is facilitated; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the crushing unit 2 comprises a first crushing shaft 21, a second crushing shaft 22, an eccentric shaft 23, crushing teeth 24, a motor, belt pulleys 25, a transmission belt, gears 26 and a fixing frame 27, the number of the first crushing shaft 21 is two, the first crushing shaft 21 is horizontally and symmetrically arranged on the front wall and the rear wall of the treatment box 1 in a left-right mode, the first crushing shaft 21 is located inside the treatment box 1, the crushing teeth 24 are arranged on the outer circle surface of the first crushing shaft 21, the crushing teeth 24 are used for crushing organic solid wastes, the two ends of the first crushing shaft 21 extend out of the treatment box 1, and the belt pulleys 25 are arranged on the outer side portion of the first crushing shaft 21 of the treatment box 1; the number of the second crushing shafts 22 is at least two, the second crushing shafts 22 are bilaterally and symmetrically horizontally arranged on the front wall and the rear wall of the treatment box 1, the second crushing shafts 22 are positioned below the first crushing shafts 21, the first crushing shafts 21 and the second crushing shafts 22 form a V-shaped structure, two ends of the second crushing shafts 22 extend out of the treatment box 1, belt wheels 25 are also arranged on the outer side part of the treatment box 1 of the second crushing shafts 22, the adjacent belt wheels 25 positioned on one side of the V shape are connected through conveyor belts, the second crushing shafts 22 on the lowest part are not connected through conveyor belts, gears 26 are further arranged on the second crushing shafts 22 on the lowest part, the two gears 26 are mutually meshed, sliding grooves are arranged on the second crushing shafts 22 in the radial direction, through holes are arranged on the second crushing shafts 22 in the axial direction, the sliding grooves are communicated with the through holes, and crushing teeth 24 are arranged in the sliding grooves; the eccentric shaft 23 is eccentrically arranged in the through hole of the second crushing shaft 22, and the length of the eccentric shaft 23 is greater than that of the second crushing shaft 22; the fixed frame 27 is arranged outside the treatment box 1, two ends of the eccentric shaft 23 are arranged on the fixed frame 27, the crushing teeth 24 in the second crushing shaft 22 are in contact with the eccentric shaft 23, one end of each crushing tooth 24 in contact with the eccentric shaft 23 is provided with a flange, a first spring is arranged on each crushing tooth 24, and the first spring is positioned inside the second crushing shaft 22; the motor is arranged on the outer side of the treatment box 1 and is connected with one of the first crushing shafts 21. When the device works, organic solid waste is put into the treatment box 1 through the feed inlet 11, at the moment, the motor drives the first crushing shaft 21 to rotate, the first crushing shaft 21 and the second crushing shaft 22 on one side of the V shape rotate in the same direction through belt transmission, the second crushing shaft 22 on the lowest part realizes motion transmission through gear 26 transmission, so that the first crushing shaft 21 and the second crushing shaft 22 on the other side of the V shape rotate in the same direction and the rotating directions are opposite, the crushing area of the organic solid waste is increased, the crushing efficiency is improved, the crushing effect is better, meanwhile, when the second crushing shaft 22 rotates, due to the existence of the eccentric shaft 23, the crushing teeth 24 on the second crushing shaft 22 move in the chute, and in the rotating process of the second crushing shaft 22, the crushing teeth 24 only push the waste downwards to crush the waste and do not lift the waste upwards, the crushing effect of the organic solid waste is improved.
As shown in fig. 2, a material shaking plate 5 is arranged on the inner wall of the treatment box 1, one end of the material shaking plate 5 is hinged on the inner wall of the treatment box 1, a second spring is arranged in the middle of the material shaking plate 5, the second spring is connected with the inner wall of the treatment box 1, and an air bag 6 is arranged between the material shaking plate 5 and the treatment box 1. When the organic solid waste enters the treatment box 1, the waste is smashed on the material shaking plate 5 under the action of gravity, so that the material shaking plate 5 shakes, on one hand, the waste becomes loose, and the subsequent crushing effect is improved; on the other hand, the material shaking plate 5 enables the air bag 6 to generate compressed air in the shaking process, so that the utilization rate of energy is improved.
As shown in fig. 2, the vertical cylinder 7 that is provided with in processing case 1 top, inside cylinder 7 was located processing case 1, pressure disk 8 was installed to the piston rod lower extreme of cylinder 7, and pressure disk 8 is located crushing unit 2 top, and pressure disk 8 is used for compressing tightly organic solid waste on broken axle 21 and No. two broken axles 22, improves broken effect, and the air inlet of cylinder 7 passes through the hose with gasbag 6 and links to each other, and cylinder 7 is provided with the check valve in the position of air inlet, and cylinder 7 sets up the relief valve in the position of gas outlet. When the air bag 6 generates compressed air by the shaking of the shaking plate 5, the compressed air enters the air cylinder 7, so that the pressure plate 8 is driven by the piston rod of the air cylinder 7 to slowly rise, and in the process, the waste below the pressure plate 8 is crushed and new waste falls into the crushing unit 2; when the pressure in the air cylinder 7 exceeds a set value, the relief valve releases air, the pressure plate 8 falls under the action of gravity to compress the waste on the crushing unit 2, and the air cylinder 7 is continuously inflated and deflated under the action of the air bag 6, so that the continuous up-and-down movement of the pressure plate 8 is realized, and the waste is extruded.
As shown in fig. 2, the bottom of the platen 8 is provided with cutting teeth 81, and the cutting teeth 81 can assist in cutting the organic solid waste during the downward movement of the platen 8 to press the organic solid waste downward.
As shown in fig. 2, the pressure plate 8 is provided with impeller blades 82 on the side, and the pressure plate 8 is rotatably connected with the piston rod of the cylinder 7 through a bearing. When the organic solid waste falls on the material shaking plate 5, the material shaking plate 5 enables the organic solid waste to be bounced, the waste smashes the impeller blades 82 on the surface of the pressure plate 8, the pressure plate 8 rotates, and therefore the cutting teeth 81 at the bottom of the pressure plate 8 rotate and cut the waste, and the cutting effect is improved.
As shown in fig. 5, the second crushing shaft 22 is horizontally provided with a sliding groove on the side wall of the sliding groove, and the blade grinding stone 10, the spring three and the electromagnet are arranged in the sliding groove; the edge grinding stone 10 is positioned in a sliding groove of the second crushing shaft 22; the electromagnet is positioned at the bottom of the sliding groove, and the sharpening stone 10 is connected with the electromagnet through a spring III. No. two broken axle 22 pivoted in-process, broken tooth 24 on the broken axle 22 constantly round trip movement in the spout, when broken tooth 24 withdraws in the spout, the contact of cutting edge grindstone 10 and broken tooth 24 carries out the sharpening to broken tooth 24 through the motion of broken tooth 24, has guaranteed the effect of broken tooth 24 cutting, has improved life.
As shown in fig. 2, a rotating shaft 91 is further arranged inside the treatment tank 1, the rotating shaft 91 is located below the crushing unit 2, the rotating shaft 91 penetrates through the middle of the filter screen 3, the filter screen 3 is rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft 91, an impeller 92 is fixedly mounted at the upper end of the rotating shaft 91, a spiral groove is formed in the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 91, and a fixing seat 93 is mounted on the inner wall of the treatment tank 1; the fixed seat 93 is positioned below the filter screen 3, a through hole is vertically formed in the middle of the fixed seat 93, and the lower end of the rotating shaft 91 penetrates through the through hole of the fixed seat 93; be provided with the fixed pin in the clearing hole, in the spiral groove of fixed pin embedding pivot 91, pivot 91 bottom was provided with floating plate 94, and floating plate 94 rotates and installs on pivot 91, realizes being connected through four springs between floating plate 94 and the fixing base 93. After being extruded and crushed by the first crushing shaft 21 and the second crushing shaft 22, the organic solid waste moves downwards under the action of gravity, the impeller 92 is rotated by waste water generated after extrusion, so that the rotating shaft 91 is driven to rotate, the rotating shaft 91 moves downwards in the fixed seat 93 while rotating, the rotating shaft 91 can reversely rotate to realize ascending due to the existence of the floating plate 94 and the spring, so that the filter screen 3 is driven to shake upwards and downwards, the waste on the filter screen 3 can be better filtered, and the filtering effect is improved; meanwhile, the filtered solid waste is easy to flow out from the discharge port 12 of the treatment box 1 due to the shaking of the filter screen 3, so that the whole treatment process is smoother and more efficient.
The specific process is as follows:
when the device works, organic solid waste is put into the treatment box 1 through the feed inlet 11, at the moment, the motor drives the first crushing shaft 21 to rotate, the first crushing shaft 21 and the second crushing shaft 22 on one side of the V shape rotate in the same direction through belt transmission, the second crushing shaft 22 on the lowest part realizes motion transmission through gear 26 transmission, so that the first crushing shaft 21 and the second crushing shaft 22 on the other side of the V shape rotate in the same direction and the rotating directions are opposite, the crushing area of the organic solid waste is increased, the crushing efficiency is improved, the crushing effect is better, meanwhile, when the second crushing shaft 22 rotates, due to the existence of the eccentric shaft 23, the crushing teeth 24 on the second crushing shaft 22 move in the chute, and in the rotating process of the second crushing shaft 22, the crushing teeth 24 only push the waste downwards to crush the waste and do not lift the waste upwards, the crushing effect of the organic solid waste is improved.
When the organic solid waste enters the treatment box 1, the waste is smashed on the material shaking plate 5 under the action of gravity, so that the material shaking plate 5 shakes, on one hand, the waste becomes loose, and the subsequent crushing effect is improved; on the other hand, the material shaking plate 5 enables the air bag 6 to generate compressed air in the shaking process, so that the utilization rate of energy is improved. When the air bag 6 generates compressed air by the shaking of the shaking plate 5, the compressed air enters the air cylinder 7, so that the pressure plate 8 is driven by the piston rod of the air cylinder 7 to slowly rise, and in the process, the waste below the pressure plate 8 is crushed and new waste falls into the crushing unit 2; when the pressure in the air cylinder 7 exceeds a set value, the relief valve releases air, the pressure plate 8 falls under the action of gravity to compress the waste on the crushing unit 2, and the air cylinder 7 is continuously inflated and deflated under the action of the air bag 6, so that the continuous up-and-down movement of the pressure plate 8 is realized, and the waste is extruded. The cutting teeth 81 can perform auxiliary cutting on the organic solid waste in the process of pressing down the organic solid waste by the downward movement of the platen 8. When the organic solid waste falls on the material shaking plate 5, the material shaking plate 5 enables the organic solid waste to be bounced, the waste smashes the impeller blades 82 on the surface of the pressure plate 8, the pressure plate 8 rotates, and therefore the cutting teeth 81 at the bottom of the pressure plate 8 rotate and cut the waste, and the cutting effect is improved.
No. two broken axle 22 pivoted in-process, broken tooth 24 on the broken axle 22 constantly round trip movement in the spout, when broken tooth 24 withdraws in the spout, the contact of cutting edge grindstone 10 and broken tooth 24 carries out the sharpening to broken tooth 24 through the motion of broken tooth 24, has guaranteed the effect of broken tooth 24 cutting, has improved life.
After being extruded and crushed by the first crushing shaft 21 and the second crushing shaft 22, the organic solid waste moves downwards under the action of gravity, the impeller 92 is rotated by waste water generated after extrusion, so that the rotating shaft 91 is driven to rotate, the rotating shaft 91 moves downwards in the fixed seat 93 while rotating, the rotating shaft 91 can reversely rotate to realize ascending due to the existence of the floating plate 94 and the spring, so that the filter screen 3 is driven to shake upwards and downwards, the waste on the filter screen 3 can be better filtered, and the filtering effect is improved; meanwhile, the filtered solid waste is more easily discharged from the discharge port 12 of the treatment box 1 and enters the collection box 4 due to the shaking of the filter screen 3, so that the subsequent recovery is facilitated, and the whole treatment process is smoother and more efficient.
While one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
(A) In the above embodiment, the number two of the crushing shafts is two, but the number is not limited thereto, and a plurality of the crushing shafts may be provided as necessary.
Industrial applicability
According to the invention, the organic solid waste treatment method saves energy consumption and reduces environmental pollution while ensuring composting effect, so that the organic solid waste treatment method is useful in the field of waste treatment.
Claims (7)
1. A method for treating organic solid waste is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: putting the organic solid waste into a waste treatment device for crushing and water filtering;
step two: after the organic solid waste is crushed and filtered in the first step, putting the obtained solid waste into an anaerobic hydrolysis acidification reactor, adding a microbial agent, carrying out anaerobic hydrolysis acidification treatment, detecting the pH value until the pH value is not reduced any more, and then finishing acidification treatment;
step three: putting the material which is subjected to acidification treatment in the step two into an aerobic reactor for aerobic composting treatment to obtain decomposed compost;
the waste treatment device in the step one comprises a treatment box (1), a crushing unit (2), a filter screen (3) and a collection box (4), wherein a feed port (11) is formed in the top of the treatment box (1), a discharge port (12) is formed in the side wall of the treatment box (1), and organic solid waste enters the treatment box (1) through the feed port (11); the crushing unit (2) is arranged inside the treatment box (1), and the crushing unit (2) is used for crushing the organic solid waste entering the treatment box (1); the filter screen (3) is arranged in the treatment box (1), the filter screen (3) is positioned below the crushing unit (2), the filter screen (3) is used for filtering moisture of the crushed organic waste, and the filtered waste is discharged out of the treatment box (1) through the discharge hole (12); the collecting box (4) is positioned at one side of the treatment box (1), the collecting box (4) is connected with a discharge hole (12) of the treatment box (1), and the filtered waste is discharged from the discharge hole (12) and then enters the collecting box (4) so as to be convenient for subsequent recovery; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the crushing unit (2) comprises a first crushing shaft (21), a second crushing shaft (22), an eccentric shaft (23), crushing teeth (24), a motor, belt pulleys (25), a transmission belt, a gear (26) and a fixing frame (27), wherein the first crushing shaft (21) is two in number, the first crushing shaft (21) is horizontally arranged on the front wall and the rear wall of the treatment box (1) in a bilateral symmetry mode, the first crushing shaft (21) is located inside the treatment box (1), the crushing teeth (24) are arranged on the outer circle surface of the first crushing shaft (21), the crushing teeth (24) are used for crushing organic solid wastes, the treatment box (1) extends out of two ends of the first crushing shaft (21), and the belt pulleys (25) are arranged on the outer side portion of the treatment box (1) of the first crushing shaft (21); the number of the second crushing shafts (22) is at least two, the second crushing shafts (22) are bilaterally and symmetrically horizontally arranged on the front wall and the rear wall of the treatment box (1), the second crushing shafts (22) are positioned below the first crushing shafts (21), the first crushing shafts (21) and the second crushing shafts (22) form a V-shaped structure, two ends of the second crushing shafts (22) extend out of the treatment box (1), belt wheels (25) are also arranged on the outer side part of the treatment box (1) of the second crushing shafts (22), adjacent belt wheels (25) positioned on one side of the V shape are connected through a conveyor belt, the second crushing shafts (22) at the lowest part are not connected through the conveyor belt, gears (26) are also arranged on the second crushing shafts (22) at the lowest part, the two gears (26) are meshed with each other, sliding grooves are arranged on the second crushing shafts (22) along the radial direction, and through holes are arranged on the second crushing shafts (22) along the axial direction, the chute is communicated with the through hole, and crushing teeth (24) are arranged in the chute; the eccentric shaft (23) is eccentrically arranged in a through hole of the second crushing shaft (22), and the length of the eccentric shaft (23) is greater than that of the second crushing shaft (22); the fixed frame (27) is arranged at the outer side of the treatment box (1), two ends of the eccentric shaft (23) are arranged on the fixed frame (27), the crushing teeth (24) in the second crushing shaft (22) are in contact with the eccentric shaft (23), one end, in contact with the eccentric shaft (23), of each crushing tooth (24) is provided with a flange, the crushing teeth (24) are provided with a first spring, and the first spring is positioned inside the second crushing shaft (22); the motor is arranged on the outer side of the treatment box (1) and is connected with one first crushing shaft (21).
2. The method for treating organic solid waste according to claim 1, wherein: handle and be provided with on case (1) inner wall and tremble flitch (5), tremble flitch (5) one end and articulate on handling case (1) inner wall, tremble flitch (5) intermediate position and be provided with spring two, spring two links to each other with handling case (1) inner wall, trembles flitch (5) and still is provided with gasbag (6) between handling case (1).
3. The method for treating organic solid waste according to claim 2, wherein: handle vertical cylinder (7) that is provided with in case (1) top, cylinder (7) are located and handle inside case (1), pressure disk (8) are installed to the piston rod lower extreme of cylinder (7), pressure disk (8) are located crushing unit (2) top, pressure disk (8) are used for compressing tightly organic solid waste on broken axle (21) and No. two broken axle (22), improve broken effect, the air inlet of cylinder (7) links to each other through the hose with gasbag (6), cylinder (7) are provided with the check valve in the position of air inlet, cylinder (7) set up the relief valve in the position of gas outlet.
4. The method for treating organic solid waste according to claim 3, wherein: pressure disk (8) bottom is provided with cutting tooth (81), and pressure disk (8) are at the in-process that the downward motion pushed down organic solid waste, and cutting tooth (81) can assist the cutting to organic solid waste.
5. The method for treating organic solid waste according to claim 4, wherein: impeller blades (82) are arranged on the side face of the pressure plate (8), and the pressure plate (8) is rotatably connected with a piston rod of the air cylinder (7) through a bearing.
6. The method for treating organic solid waste according to claim 1, wherein: a sliding groove is horizontally formed in the side wall of the sliding groove of the second crushing shaft (22), and a blade grinding stone (10), a spring III and an electromagnet are arranged in the sliding groove; the edge grinding stone (10) is positioned in a sliding groove of the second crushing shaft (22); the electromagnet is positioned at the bottom of the sliding groove, and the edge grinding stone (10) is connected with the electromagnet through a spring III.
7. The method for treating organic solid waste according to claim 1, wherein: the treatment box (1) is also internally provided with a rotating shaft (91), the rotating shaft (91) is positioned below the crushing unit (2), the rotating shaft (91) penetrates through the middle of the filter screen (3), the filter screen (3) is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft (91), the upper end of the rotating shaft (91) is fixedly provided with an impeller (92), the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft (91) is provided with a spiral groove, and the inner wall of the treatment box (1) is provided with a fixed seat (93); the fixed seat (93) is positioned below the filter screen (3), a through hole is vertically formed in the middle of the fixed seat (93), and the lower end of the rotating shaft (91) penetrates through the through hole of the fixed seat (93); the fixing holes are internally provided with fixing pins which are embedded into spiral grooves of the rotating shaft (91), the bottom of the rotating shaft (91) is provided with a floating plate (94), the floating plate (94) is rotatably installed on the rotating shaft (91), and the floating plate (94) is connected with the fixed seat (93) through a spring.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103274781A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-09-04 | 南京市环境保护科学研究院 | Processing method and system of organic solid waste |
| CN206526852U (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-09-29 | 昌吉高新区博大中小企业服务中心(有限公司) | A kind of novel solid waste treatment apparatus |
| CN107663000A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-06 | 深圳华云生物科技有限公司 | A kind of dejecta treatment method and equipment |
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| JP4611466B2 (en) * | 1998-05-21 | 2011-01-12 | 伸洋産業株式会社 | Organic waste decomposition treatment equipment for both fermentation decomposition treatment and underwater decomposition treatment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103274781A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-09-04 | 南京市环境保护科学研究院 | Processing method and system of organic solid waste |
| CN107663000A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-06 | 深圳华云生物科技有限公司 | A kind of dejecta treatment method and equipment |
| CN206526852U (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-09-29 | 昌吉高新区博大中小企业服务中心(有限公司) | A kind of novel solid waste treatment apparatus |
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