CN108724894A - A method of it doing middle layer using copper and prepares zirconium clad steel plate - Google Patents
A method of it doing middle layer using copper and prepares zirconium clad steel plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN108724894A CN108724894A CN201710340220.2A CN201710340220A CN108724894A CN 108724894 A CN108724894 A CN 108724894A CN 201710340220 A CN201710340220 A CN 201710340220A CN 108724894 A CN108724894 A CN 108724894A
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- zirconium
- steel plate
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- copper foil
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
- B32B37/1009—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure using vacuum and fluid pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/013—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
Abstract
The present invention provide it is a kind of doing the method that middle layer prepares zirconium clad steel plate using copper, include the following steps:1) middle layer of the copper foil as zirconium clad steel plate is selected;2) it cleans sample and is assemblied in vacuum sintering funace;3) it is that 8-12 DEG C/s reaches 550-750 DEG C of preset temperature with the rate of heat addition, holdings axial compressive force is 0.5-10MPa, time 0.1-10h when hot-pressed sintering furnace reaches certain vacuum and spends.Zirconium clad steel plate after vacuum diffusion bonding, surface-brightening non-oxidation, the strong shearing stress in interface are more than 60MPa.The present invention is by vacuum diffusion welding connection technology, preset copper intermediate layer, efficiently solves due to zirconium produced huge internal stress when differing larger welding with the linear expansion coefficient of steel, prevents Zr to be reacted with Fe and generate ZrFe2, ZrFe3And ZrFe4Etc. weld metal zone brittle intermetallic things.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material processing technical fields, and in particular to a kind of using copper to do middle layer to prepare zirconium steel compound
The method of plate.
Background technology
Zirconium is a kind of rare metal, has the advantages that easy processing, corrosion resistance are good and thermal neutron absorption cross section is low etc., extensive use
In nuclear industry.But in recent years, it has been found that the corrosion resisting property of zirconium is answered better than stainless steel, titanium, nickel alloy so zirconium is more and more
For industries such as oil, chemical industry.Zirconium clad steel plate may replace pure zirconium and be used to manufacture pressure vessel, not only reduce manufacturing cost, and
And zirconium resource is greatly saved.So zirconium and being connected in engineering for steel are an important technologies, there is presently no find one kind
Method of great satisfaction.There are certain difficulties for the connection of zircaloy and steel, this is primarily present two aspect reasons:First, crisp
Property intermetallic compound formation so that the mechanical strength and corrosion resistance of connector reduce;Second is that the thermal expansion system of two kinds of materials
Number difference is very big, and prodigious internal stress can be caused after connection.At present mainly zirconium steel is prepared using the means of explosion weldering at home
Composite plate, and it is external then more using this technology of Diffusion Welding come the compound of Study For Zirconium and steel.
A kind of preparation method of zirconium/steel composite board is provided in the patent document of patent CN 201510178398.2.The party
Method first prepares zirconium titanium splice plate, and using steel as base, zirconium titanium is composite layer, and it is not small to prepare shear strength using the method for explosion weldering
In the zirconium clad steel plate of 190MPa.
Document " Lee S U, Song H O, Lee W, et al.Characterization of the interface
to diffusion bonding of zircaloy-4and stainless steel[J].Physics Procedia,
2009,2(3):One kind is reported in 1231-1239. " under conditions of without using middle layer, Zr-4 is with 304L stainless steels 850
DEG C of -1020 DEG C progress vacuum diffusion welding methods.There are three kinds of different diffusion zones, width 120um, wherein Zr (Fe,
Cr)2Phase hardness is up to 1370HV.
Above-mentioned two kinds prepare zirconium clad steel plate method, and in explosion is welded, technique is extremely complex, operating difficulties,
And it is extremely dangerous, it is difficult to control the thickness and ingredient of binder course;And the middle layer not used in connection is spread, diffusion temperature is high
In 850 DEG C, there is the intermetallic compound of a variety of extreme hardness in diffusion zone.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is overcome the linear expansion coefficient phase of zirconium and steel in zirconium clad steel plate preparation process in the prior art
Huge internal stress is generated when poor larger welding, and Zr reacts with Fe and generates ZrFe2, ZrFe3And ZrFe4Equal brittle intermetallics
The shortcomings that object.It provides and a kind of doing the method that middle layer prepares zirconium clad steel plate using copper.The present invention passes through vacuum diffusion bonding skill
Art, preset copper intermediate layer efficiently solve due to zirconium produced huge planted agent when differing larger welding with the linear expansion coefficient of steel
Power, and prevent Zr to be reacted with Fe and generate ZrFe2, ZrFe3And ZrFe4Etc. weld metal zone brittle intermetallic things, expand zirconium clad steel plate
Industrial production, increase economic efficiency.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose, a kind of using copper to do middle layer to prepare zirconium steel compound
The method of plate, includes the following steps:
1) middle layer of the copper foil as zirconium clad steel plate, mechanical grinding is selected simultaneously to be cleaned in acetone soln using ultrasonic wave
Steel plate, the oxide of zirconium plate and copper foil surface, pollutant and grease, in case welding uses;
2) copper foil is placed between zirconium plate and steel plate and obtains workpiece, zirconium plate is placed in lower layer in upper layer, steel plate;Then workpiece is filled
It is fitted between two pieces of heat-resistance stainless steels, then is placed into vacuum sintering funace, and the Ni-based height in vacuum sintering funace
The pressure of temperature alloy pressure head pre-applied 0.3-1MPa reduces the gap between zirconium plate, copper foil, steel plate three;
3) vacuum sintering funace is vacuumized, is begun to warm up when vacuum degree is more than 10-3MPa, the rate of heat addition is
8-12 DEG C/s, when reaching 550-750 DEG C of preset temperature, the nickel base superalloy pressure head in vacuum sintering funace is kept axially to press
Power keeps the temperature 0.5-10h in 0.5-10MPa;After heat preservation, stop heating, unload nickel base superalloy pressure head axial compressive force but
Keep vacuum degree in hot-pressed sintering furnace;Vacuum sintering funace temperature is less than 150 DEG C and is vacuumized hereinafter, closing, cooling to be less than 50
℃。
Preferably, the zirconium plate is pure zirconium or zircaloy;The steel plate is pure iron, mild steel or steel alloy;
Preferably, the copper foil is 0.01mm-0.5mm as the intermediate layer thickness of zirconium clad steel plate, more preferably
0.06mm;The copper foil is according to atomic percentage Ni:5.4%, Sn:10%, P:7%, Cu are surplus.
In the solid-state diffusion welding temperature general choice for not adding middle layer in 0.5-0.8Tm(TmFor base material fusion temperature),
Zirconium fusing point is 1852 DEG C, and iron fusing point is 1538 DEG C.And in the method, by preset copper intermediate layer, obtain following effect:
1) so that vacuum diffusion welding jointing temp is reduced to 750 DEG C or less;
2) zirconium clad steel plate prepared does not find that Fe is diffused into Zr, and copper foil effectively prevents reacting for Fe and Zr;
3) flexibility of copper foil has been effectively relieved by the brought internal stress of thermal dilation difference, and interface shear strength is more than
60MPa。
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the backscattered electron photo of the SEM of the zirconium clad steel plate of copper foil preparation of the embodiment 1 using 0.03mm thickness.
Fig. 2 is the backscattered electron photo of the SEM of the zirconium clad steel plate of copper foil preparation of the embodiment 1 using 0.06mm thickness.
Fig. 3 is the backscattered electron photo of the SEM of the zirconium clad steel plate of copper foil preparation of the embodiment 1 using 0.09mm thickness.
Fig. 4 is composite plate shear strength correlation curve prepared by embodiment 1,2 and 3.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, With reference to embodiment, to this
Invention is further described.It should be understood that these descriptions are merely illustrative, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Implement 1 0.03mm thickness copper foils and makees the pure zircaloy of middle layer and the composite plate of mild steel
1) pre-treatment of workpiece:Select copper foil as the middle layer for connecting pure zircaloy and mild steel, copper foil surface is smooth,
As for Ni:5.4%, Sn:10%, P:7%, Cu surplus (at%), thickness 0.03mm, width 20mm use 1 layer;Zirconium
Alloy purity is 99%, and thickness 1.5mm, the mild steel trade mark is Q345, and thickness 6mm, their length and width are 100*
100mm.1 hour before welding, copper foil surface oxide is polished totally with industrial scouring pad.With mechanical grinding machine by pure zircaloy
After plate is polishing to certain finish with low carbon steel plate, then polished successively with 800#, 1000#, 1500#, 2000# abrasive paper for metallograph
Polishing is washed with water clean rear and is dried up.Finally by copper foil, pure airconium alloy plates and low carbon steel plate one reinstate acetone soln be put into it is super
20min is cleaned in sound wave, is then dried up, with for later use.
2) workpiece is assembled:
Copper foil is positioned between pure airconium alloy plates and low carbon steel plate first, low carbon steel plate is placed in the bottom, is then put
Copper intermediate layer is set, then airconium alloy plates are placed in top layer, adjustment makes three's keeping parallelism.Then the workpiece assembled is placed into
Between two pieces of heat-resistance stainless steels, the effect of heat-resistance stainless steel be for keep up and down the depth of parallelism it is consistent, then will carefully assemble
Workpiece is put into togerther with heat resisting steel in vacuum sintering funace.Finally, apply the pre- of 1MPa between nickel base superalloy pressure head
Pressure makes workpiece be in close contact, and shuts fire door.
3) heating of workpiece, keep the temperature and come out of the stove:
The vacuum sintering funace for assembling workpiece is vacuumized first, and writes heating temperature, soaking time and
Pressure and other parameters.When vacuum degree is more than 10-3It is begun to warm up when MPa, the rate of heat addition remains at 10 DEG C/min, until temperature reaches
To 700 DEG C, application axial compressive force is 3MPa, then keeps the temperature 3h.After reaction, stop heating, unloading pressure, but continue to keep
10-3The vacuum degree of MPa makes its furnace cooling.Until temperature is vacuumized less than 150 DEG C hereinafter, can close, finally not high
Sample is taken out at 50 DEG C.
2 0.06mm copper foils of embodiment make the pure zircaloy of middle layer and the composite plate of mild steel
1) pre-treatment of workpiece:Select copper foil as the middle layer for connecting pure zircaloy and mild steel, copper foil surface is smooth,
As for Ni:5.4%, Sn:10%, P:7%, Cu surplus (at%), thickness 0.03mm, width 20mm use 2 layers;Zirconium
Alloy purity is 99%, and thickness 1.5mm, the mild steel trade mark is Q345, and thickness 6mm, their length and width are 100*
100mm.1 hour before welding, copper foil surface oxide is polished totally with industrial scouring pad.With mechanical grinding machine by pure zircaloy
After plate is polishing to certain finish with low carbon steel plate, then polished successively with 800#, 1000#, 1500#, 2000# abrasive paper for metallograph
Polishing is washed with water clean rear and is dried up.Finally by copper foil, pure airconium alloy plates and low carbon steel plate one reinstate acetone soln be put into it is super
20min is cleaned in sound wave, is then dried up, with for later use.
2) workpiece is assembled:
Copper foil is positioned between pure airconium alloy plates and low carbon steel plate first, low carbon steel plate is placed in the bottom, is then put
Copper intermediate layer is set, then airconium alloy plates are placed in top layer, adjustment makes three's keeping parallelism.Then the workpiece assembled is placed into
Between two pieces of heat-resistance stainless steels, the effect of heat-resistance stainless steel be for keep up and down the depth of parallelism it is consistent, then will carefully assemble
Workpiece is put into togerther with heat resisting steel in vacuum sintering funace.Finally, apply 0.6MPa's between nickel base superalloy pressure head
Precompression makes workpiece be in close contact, and shuts fire door.
3) heating of workpiece, keep the temperature and come out of the stove:
The vacuum sintering funace for assembling workpiece is vacuumized first, and writes heating temperature, soaking time and
Pressure and other parameters.When vacuum degree is more than 10-3It is begun to warm up when MPa, the rate of heat addition remains at 10 DEG C/min, until temperature reaches
To 700 DEG C, application axial compressive force is 3MPa, then keeps the temperature 3h.After reaction, stop heating, unloading pressure, but continue to keep
10-3The vacuum degree of MPa makes its furnace cooling.Until temperature is vacuumized less than 150 DEG C hereinafter, can close, finally not high
Sample is taken out at 50 DEG C.
3 0.09mm copper foils of embodiment make the pure zircaloy of middle layer and the composite plate of mild steel
1) pre-treatment of workpiece:Select copper foil as the middle layer for connecting pure zircaloy and mild steel, copper foil surface is smooth,
As for Ni:5.4%, Sn:10%, P:7%, Cu surplus (at%), thickness 0.03mm, width 20mm use 3 layers;Zirconium
Alloy purity is 99%, and thickness 1.5mm, the mild steel trade mark is Q345, and thickness 6mm, their length and width are 100*
100mm.1 hour before welding, copper foil surface oxide is polished totally with industrial scouring pad.With mechanical grinding machine by pure zircaloy
After plate is polishing to certain finish with low carbon steel plate, then polished successively with 800#, 1000#, 1500#, 2000# abrasive paper for metallograph
Polishing is washed with water clean rear and is dried up.Finally by copper foil, pure airconium alloy plates and low carbon steel plate one reinstate acetone soln be put into it is super
20min is cleaned in sound wave, is then dried up, with for later use.
2) workpiece is assembled:
Copper foil is positioned between pure airconium alloy plates and low carbon steel plate first, low carbon steel plate is placed in the bottom, is then put
Copper intermediate layer is set, then airconium alloy plates are placed in top layer, adjustment makes three's keeping parallelism.Then the workpiece assembled is placed into
Between two pieces of heat-resistance stainless steels, the effect of heat-resistance stainless steel be for keep up and down the depth of parallelism it is consistent, then will carefully assemble
Workpiece is put into togerther with heat resisting steel in vacuum sintering funace.Finally, apply 0.3MPa's between nickel base superalloy pressure head
Precompression makes workpiece be in close contact, and shuts fire door.
3) heating of workpiece, keep the temperature and come out of the stove:
The vacuum sintering funace for assembling workpiece is vacuumized first, and writes heating temperature, soaking time and
Pressure and other parameters.When vacuum degree is more than 10-3It is begun to warm up when MPa, the rate of heat addition remains at 10 DEG C/min, until temperature reaches
To 700 DEG C, application axial compressive force is 3MPa, then keeps the temperature 3h.After reaction, stop heating, unloading pressure, but continue to keep
10-3The vacuum degree of MPa makes its furnace cooling.Until temperature is vacuumized less than 150 DEG C hereinafter, can close, finally not high
Sample is taken out at 50 DEG C.
The result shows that:Use copper as the zirconium steel clad steel plate (such as Fig. 4) that middle layer successfully obtains different shear strengths.Copper
After middle layer and base material are reacted at 700 DEG C, the diffusion layer of multilayered structure is obtained.From SEM photograph it can be seen that (such as Fig. 1-
3) it is, from left to right Q345, conversion zone and zirconium successively, copper intermediate layer reacts more violent with zirconium, and reaction layer thickness is wider, and copper
Middle layer and steel conversion zone obtained by the reaction are relatively thin.By Fe-Cu binary phase diagramls it is found that solubility of the Fe in Cu is smaller, reaction
It is extremely limited;And in Zr-Cu binary phase diagramls, Zr is reacted with Cu can obtain ZrCu, Zr2Cu and Zr3Cu8Equal multiple compounds.
When middle layer is 0.03mm, if apparent crackle occurs in the conversion zone in Fig. 1, zirconium clad steel plate shear strength only has
36.7MPa.And when middle layer is 0.06mm and 0.09mm, such as the conversion zone flat smooth in Fig. 2 and 3, do not split significantly
Line;The shear strength of zirconium clad steel plate is up to 61.4MPa, it is seen that zirconium clad steel plate can be significantly improved by increasing intermediate layer thickness
Bond strength.
In short, the fusing point of fine copper is about 1083 DEG C, and while no largely addition noble metal, the copper foil of this method use
Diffusion required temperature is greatly reduced, the time required to shortening diffusion, maintains higher shear strength.
Although embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, it should be understood that, without departing from the present invention's
In the case of spirit and scope, can embodiments of the present invention be made with various changes, replacement and change.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of doing the method that middle layer prepares zirconium clad steel plate using copper, include the following steps:
1) middle layer of the copper foil as zirconium clad steel plate, mechanical grinding is selected simultaneously to clean steel in acetone soln using ultrasonic wave
Plate, the oxide of zirconium plate and copper foil surface, pollutant and grease, in case welding uses;
2) copper foil is placed between zirconium plate and steel plate and obtains workpiece, zirconium plate is placed in lower layer in upper layer, steel plate;Then workpiece is assembled to
It between two pieces of heat-resistance stainless steels, then is placed into vacuum sintering funace, and the nickel-base high-temperature in vacuum sintering funace closes
The pressure of golden pressure head pre-applied 0.3-1MPa reduces the gap between zirconium plate, copper foil, steel plate three;
3) vacuum sintering funace is vacuumized, when vacuum degree is more than 10-3It is begun to warm up when MPa, rate of heat addition 8-12
DEG C/s, when reaching 550-750 DEG C of preset temperature, the nickel base superalloy pressure head axial compressive force in vacuum sintering funace is kept to exist
0.5-10MPa keeps the temperature 0.5-10h;After heat preservation, stop heating, unloads nickel base superalloy pressure head axial compressive force but holding
Vacuum degree in hot-pressed sintering furnace;Vacuum sintering funace temperature is less than 150 DEG C and is vacuumized hereinafter, closing, cooling to be obtained less than 50 DEG C
Zirconium clad steel plate.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that:The zirconium clad steel plate interface shear strength for preparing gained is more than
60MPa。
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that:The zirconium plate is pure zirconium or zircaloy;The steel plate is pure
Iron, mild steel or steel alloy.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that:The copper thickness is 0.01mm-0.5mm;The copper foil
According to atomic percentage Ni:5.4%, Sn:10%, P:7%, Cu are surplus.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that:The copper thickness is 0.06mm.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN109808258A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-28 | 哈尔滨工程大学烟台研究院 | Diamond layer-paved copper-based high-thermal-conductivity composite material and preparation method thereof |
CN110216364A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-10 | 南京佑天金属科技有限公司 | A kind of ultrasonic consolidation manufacturing process of zirconium steel laminar composite |
CN110744266A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-02-04 | 西安理工大学 | Method for preparing high-chromium cast iron-low-carbon steel layered bimetallic material |
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KR20120094795A (en) * | 2011-02-17 | 2012-08-27 | 충남대학교산학협력단 | A manufacturing method of clad plate and the clad plat obtained using the same |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109808258A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-28 | 哈尔滨工程大学烟台研究院 | Diamond layer-paved copper-based high-thermal-conductivity composite material and preparation method thereof |
CN109808258B (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2023-12-26 | 哈尔滨工程大学烟台研究院 | Diamond layer copper-laid base high-heat-conductivity composite material and preparation method thereof |
CN110216364A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-10 | 南京佑天金属科技有限公司 | A kind of ultrasonic consolidation manufacturing process of zirconium steel laminar composite |
CN110744266A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-02-04 | 西安理工大学 | Method for preparing high-chromium cast iron-low-carbon steel layered bimetallic material |
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