CN108723529B - Electrolytic electric spark synchronous composite wire cutting machining device - Google Patents

Electrolytic electric spark synchronous composite wire cutting machining device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108723529B
CN108723529B CN201810501217.9A CN201810501217A CN108723529B CN 108723529 B CN108723529 B CN 108723529B CN 201810501217 A CN201810501217 A CN 201810501217A CN 108723529 B CN108723529 B CN 108723529B
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electrode
wire
electrolytic
horizontal platform
liquid spraying
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CN108723529A (en
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刘桂贤
余浩
张永俊
罗红平
李威
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Guangdong University of Technology
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Guangdong University of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
    • B23H7/02—Wire-cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
    • B23H7/02—Wire-cutting
    • B23H7/08—Wire electrodes
    • B23H7/10—Supporting, winding or electrical connection of wire-electrode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
    • B23H7/22—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
    • B23H7/36—Supply or regeneration of working media
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

An electrolytic electric spark synchronous composite wire cutting processing device comprises an electrolyte supply module, an electrolytic tank, a high-voltage pulse power supply, a wire feeding mechanism, a rotary spindle and a chuck; the wire feeding mechanism comprises a horizontal platform and a wire electrode, wherein the horizontal platform and the wire electrode are arranged in the electrolytic tank, a pair of guide wheels, a rotary damper and a motor are arranged on the horizontal platform, the rotary damper and the motor are oppositely fixed on the horizontal platform, one end of the wire electrode is wound on a rotary shaft of the rotary damper, the other end of the wire electrode bypasses the pair of guide wheels and is then fixed on a rotary shaft of the motor, and the rotary main shaft is positioned above a gap between the pair of guide wheels; the horizontal platform is provided with a liquid spraying electrode, the liquid spraying electrode is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid spraying opening which are communicated, and the electrolyte supply module is connected with the liquid inlet of the liquid spraying electrode through a conduit; the negative electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply is electrically connected with the electrode wire, and the positive electrode is electrically connected with the liquid spraying electrode. The invention not only improves the electrolytic wire-cut electrical discharge machining efficiency, but also solves the problem of electrode loss in the electrolytic wire-cut electrical discharge machining process.

Description

Electrolytic electric spark synchronous composite wire cutting machining device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wire cutting, in particular to an electrolytic electric spark synchronous composite wire cutting machining device.
Background
The electrolytic spark machining is a special machining technology, and is characterized in that a high-voltage pulse power supply and a low-voltage direct current power supply are utilized for combined machining, the high-voltage pulse is beneficial to spark discharge generated after working solution in the gap between electrodes is broken down, and the part difficult to machine in electrolytic machining is removed, so that electrolytic machining can be continued. Compared with the electrolytic processing method, partial difficult-to-process materials can generate oxide films during conventional electrolytic processing, and further reaction is prevented. Compared with electric spark machining, the electrolyte with good conductivity is adopted as the working solution, the flowing speed of the electrolyte between the workpiece and the tool is high, machining products and heat can be taken away in time, on the other hand, the electrolytic removal function is fully exerted when the high-voltage pulse is stopped, the electrolytic machining is performed in an ion removal mode, and the advantages which are not possessed by the electric spark machining are possessed, such as no heat affected zone and the like.
According to the existing research results, the breakdown discharge in the electrolytic electric spark machining engineering is different from the breakdown discharge in the common insulating medium, and belongs to the breakdown discharge in the composite medium consisting of gas phase and liquid phase. The gas phase in the composite medium is mainly generated due to electrochemical reactions. This breakdown discharge process can be described as: firstly, generating gas by electrolysis, then generating a complete gas film on the surface of an electrode, and further breaking down the gas film, wherein an interelectrode electric field is distorted to cause vaporization and breakdown of liquid phase substances, finally forming a breakdown channel between two interelectrodes, and generating discharge.
Considerable research has been carried out by researchers in the field of electrolytic spark machining technology and many research results have been presented, for example, the patent application No. 201410373682.0 provides a multi-potential electrolytic machining method in which the high potential of an insoluble auxiliary anode is wrapped around the cathode sidewall insulating layer to confine the electric field, thereby reducing stray corrosion and controlling sidewall taper. The patent sets three potentials, the outer electrode has high potential, the inner electrode has low potential, and the potential of the workpiece is between the inner electrode and the outer electrode; the workpiece, the external electrode and the internal electrode are electrically conducted through electrolyte. However, electrolytic machining cannot process difficult-to-process materials like tungsten, silicon carbide, etc., and has low efficiency relative to electrolytic spark machining.
The 201710103774.0 patent provides an electrolytic spark machining method for a planar sheet metal electrode, which improves efficiency compared with conventional electrolytic spark machining which is surface machining. However, because the power supply mode is a pulse power supply, the electrode has loss in the processing process, and the processing precision is affected.
The patent with the application number of 201710680993.5 provides a device and a method for cutting a micro-electrolysis electric spark of a rotary ultrasonic electrode, which utilize ultrasonic vibration to assist in processing and rotating the electrode, reduce electrolysis current, form a more uniform air film and facilitate discharge. But its power supply mode has limited its machining efficiency, and uses the columnar electrode, has the loss in the course of working, can influence machining precision.
In summary, the electrolytic wire cut electrical discharge machining technology of the prior art has the disadvantages of low machining efficiency, electrode loss during machining, and the like, which affect machining accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, and provides an electrolytic electric spark synchronous composite wire cutting device which can improve the electrolytic electric spark wire cutting efficiency and solve the problem of electrode loss in the electrolytic electric spark wire cutting process.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an electrolytic electric spark synchronous composite wire cutting processing device comprises an electrolyte supply module, an electrolytic tank, a high-voltage pulse power supply, a wire feeding mechanism, a rotating main shaft and a chuck fixed at the lower end of the rotating main shaft; the wire feeding mechanism comprises a horizontal platform and a wire electrode, wherein the horizontal platform and the wire electrode are arranged in the electrolytic tank, a pair of guide wheels, a rotary damper and a motor are arranged on the horizontal platform, the rotary damper and the motor are oppositely fixed on the horizontal platform, one end of the wire electrode is wound on a rotating shaft of the rotary damper, the other end of the wire electrode is fixed on the rotating shaft of the motor after bypassing the pair of guide wheels, the pair of guide wheels are oppositely arranged on the horizontal platform, and the rotary main shaft is positioned above a gap between the pair of guide wheels; the horizontal platform is provided with a liquid spraying electrode, the liquid spraying electrode is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid spraying opening which are communicated, the electrolyte supply module is connected with the liquid inlet of the liquid spraying electrode through a guide pipe to supply electrolyte, and the liquid spraying opening is used for spraying the electrolyte to a workpiece; the negative electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply is electrically connected with the electrode wire, and the positive electrode is electrically connected with the liquid spraying electrode, so that the electrolyte is positively charged.
From the above, the processing device of the invention can be used for cutting workpieces or processing the notch of the workpiece by wire cutting, and the specific working principle is as follows: the workpiece is clamped on a chuck at the lower end of the rotary spindle, the part to be processed of the workpiece faces to the electrode wire, and the workpiece is connected with a low-voltage direct current power supply with lower positive voltage than that of a high-voltage pulse power supply, so that power is supplied for electrolytic machining; then, the motor is started to enable the electrode wire to cut and process the workpiece, meanwhile, the electrolyte supply module sprays electrolyte to the workpiece, the workpiece firstly generates electrolytic reaction during initial processing, bubbles are continuously generated along with the progress of the electrolytic reaction, the bubbles are gathered to form a stable and uniform air film, a discharge channel is formed, meanwhile, as the liquid spraying electrode is connected with high voltage, the electrode wire and the workpiece are low-voltage relative to the liquid spraying electrode, a potential difference is formed, spark discharge is further formed, the purpose of erosion and throwing of materials is achieved, the processing process is accelerated, and the electrolytic electric spark combination synchronous processing process is completed.
In summary, the wire feeding mechanism adopts a slow wire feeding mode, ensures the integrity of the electrode wire by continuously introducing new electrode wires, avoids machining errors caused by electrode wire loss, improves the machining efficiency of electrolytic wire-cut electric discharge machining, and solves the problem of electrode loss in the electrolytic wire-cut electric discharge machining process; the invention adopts a mode of directional injection of electrolyte, can limit the action of an electric field, and has better localization and better processing quality.
As an improvement of the invention, the conducting posts are respectively arranged between the guide wheel and the rotary damper and/or between the guide wheel and the motor, the electrode wire bypasses the conducting posts, and the negative electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply is electrically connected with the conducting posts so as to lead the electrode wire to be negatively charged.
As an improvement of the invention, a cotton felt column for tensioning the electrode wire is arranged between the guide wheel and the conductive column, and the electrode wire bypasses the cotton felt column.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the wire feeding mechanism adopts a slow wire feeding mode, ensures the integrity of the electrode wire by continuously introducing new electrode wire, avoids machining errors caused by electrode wire loss, improves the machining efficiency of electrolytic wire-cut electric discharge machining, and solves the problem of electrode loss in the electrolytic wire-cut electric discharge machining process; the invention adopts a mode of directional injection of electrolyte, can limit the action of an electric field, and has better localization and better processing quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of an electrolytic electric spark synchronous composite wire cut machining apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the spray electrode of the electrolytic electric spark synchronous composite wire cutting device of the invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an electrolytic electric spark synchronous composite wire cutting processing device comprises an electrolyte supply module 1, an electrolytic tank 2, a high-voltage pulse power supply 3, a wire feeding mechanism, a rotary spindle 4 and a chuck 5 fixed at the lower end of the rotary spindle 4;
the wire feeding mechanism comprises a horizontal platform 6 and a wire electrode 7 which are arranged in the electrolytic tank 2, a pair of guide wheels 8, a rotary damper 9 and a motor 10 are arranged on the horizontal platform 6, the rotary damper 9 and the motor 10 are oppositely fixed on the horizontal platform 6, one end of the wire electrode 7 is wound on a rotating shaft of the rotary damper 9, the other end of the wire electrode 7 bypasses the pair of guide wheels 8 and is then fixed on the rotating shaft of the motor 10, the pair of guide wheels 8 are oppositely arranged on the horizontal platform 6, and the rotary main shaft 4 is positioned above a gap between the pair of guide wheels 8;
the horizontal platform 6 is provided with a liquid spraying electrode 11, the liquid spraying electrode 11 is provided with a liquid inlet 12 and a liquid spraying opening 13 which are communicated, the electrolyte supply module 1 is connected with the liquid inlet 12 of the liquid spraying electrode 11 through a conduit 14 to supply electrolyte, and the liquid spraying opening 13 is used for spraying the electrolyte to a workpiece 17; the negative electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply 3 is electrically connected with the electrode wire 7, and the positive electrode is electrically connected with the liquid spraying electrode 11, so that the electrolyte is positively charged.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, it can be seen that the machining apparatus of the present invention can be used for cutting a workpiece or machining a notch of the workpiece by wire cutting, and the specific working principle is as follows: clamping a workpiece 17 on a chuck 5 at the lower end of a rotary spindle 4, enabling a part to be machined of the workpiece 17 to face a wire electrode 7, and connecting the workpiece 17 with a low-voltage direct current power supply with a high-voltage pulse power supply positive voltage, which is used for supplying power for electrolytic machining; then, the motor 10 is started to enable the electrode wire 7 to cut and process the workpiece 17, meanwhile, the electrolyte supply module 1 sprays electrolyte to the workpiece 17, electrolytic reaction is firstly generated when the workpiece is initially processed, bubbles are continuously generated along with the progress of the electrolytic reaction, the bubbles are gathered to form a stable and uniform air film to form a discharge channel, meanwhile, as the liquid spraying electrode is connected with high voltage, the electrode wire and the workpiece are low voltage relative to the liquid spraying electrode, potential difference is formed, spark discharge is further formed, the purpose of etching and throwing out materials is achieved, the processing process is accelerated, and the electrolytic electric spark combination synchronous processing process is completed.
In summary, the wire feeding mechanism adopts a slow wire feeding mode, ensures the integrity of the electrode wire by continuously introducing new electrode wires, avoids machining errors caused by electrode wire loss, improves the machining efficiency of electrolytic wire-cut electric discharge machining, and solves the problem of electrode loss in the electrolytic wire-cut electric discharge machining process; the invention adopts a mode of directional injection of electrolyte, can limit the action of an electric field, and has better localization and better processing quality.
In this embodiment, conductive posts 15 are respectively disposed between the guide wheel 6 and the rotary damper 9, and between the guide wheel 6 and the motor 10, the electrode wire 7 bypasses the conductive posts 15, and the negative electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply 3 is electrically connected with the conductive posts 15, so that the electrode wire 7 is negatively charged. The conductive column can tension the electrode wire on the one hand, meanwhile, the tension of the electrode wire is guaranteed, the electrode wire is reliably contacted with the conductive column, in addition, the contact area between the electrode wire and the conductive column is large, and the condition that the electrode wire is conductive and loose in the movement process is avoided.
On the basis of the above, the invention is further improved, a cotton felt column 16 for tensioning the electrode wire is arranged between the guide wheel 8 and the conductive column 15, and the electrode wire 7 bypasses the cotton felt column 16. The cotton felt column can tension the electrode wire on one hand, and meanwhile, the situation that the electrode wire slides up and down at will can be avoided, and the wire cutting processing quality is guaranteed.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. An electrolytic electric spark synchronous composite wire cutting processing device is characterized in that: the device comprises an electrolyte supply module, an electrolytic tank, a high-voltage pulse power supply, a wire feeding mechanism, a rotating main shaft and a chuck fixed at the lower end of the rotating main shaft; the wire feeding mechanism comprises a horizontal platform and a wire electrode, wherein the horizontal platform and the wire electrode are arranged in the electrolytic tank, a pair of guide wheels, a rotary damper and a motor are arranged on the horizontal platform, the rotary damper and the motor are oppositely fixed on the horizontal platform, one end of the wire electrode is wound on a rotating shaft of the rotary damper, the other end of the wire electrode is fixed on the rotating shaft of the motor after bypassing the pair of guide wheels, the pair of guide wheels are oppositely arranged on the horizontal platform, and the rotary main shaft is positioned above a gap between the pair of guide wheels; the horizontal platform is provided with a liquid spraying electrode, the liquid spraying electrode is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid spraying opening which are communicated, the electrolyte supply module is connected with the liquid inlet of the liquid spraying electrode through a guide pipe to supply electrolyte, and the liquid spraying opening is used for spraying the electrolyte to a workpiece; the negative electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply is electrically connected with the electrode wire, and the positive electrode is electrically connected with the liquid spraying electrode, so that the electrolyte is positively charged.
2. The electrolytic electric spark synchronous composite wire cutting machining device according to claim 1, wherein: and conductive columns are respectively arranged between the guide wheels and the rotary damper and/or between the guide wheels and the motor, the electrode wire bypasses the conductive columns, and the negative electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply is electrically connected with the conductive columns so that the electrode wire is negatively charged.
3. The electrolytic electric spark synchronous composite wire cutting machining device according to claim 2, wherein: and a cotton felt column for tensioning the electrode wire is arranged between the guide wheel and the conductive column, and the electrode wire bypasses the cotton felt column.
CN201810501217.9A 2018-05-23 2018-05-23 Electrolytic electric spark synchronous composite wire cutting machining device Active CN108723529B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN108723529B true CN108723529B (en) 2023-07-25

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Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103231133B (en) * 2013-05-08 2015-05-20 清华大学 Electrolytic electric discharge combined machining method and electrolytic electric discharge combined machining device of non-conducting materials
CN103521864B (en) * 2013-10-15 2015-11-18 南京航空航天大学 Fine group's line electrode living broadcast and wire electrochemical micro-machining method
RU2014148843A (en) * 2014-12-03 2016-06-27 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Семат" METHOD FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL CUTTING AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION
CN107350584B (en) * 2017-07-13 2018-12-07 南京航空航天大学 Workpiece moves back and forth micro-electrochemical machining wire cutting method
CN208408795U (en) * 2018-05-23 2019-01-22 广东工业大学 A kind of electrolysis electric spark synchronizes compound wire electric discharge machine
CN109396581B (en) * 2018-10-29 2020-05-19 西安工业大学 Cutting device for conductor material and working method thereof

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