CN108723529B - An electrolysis electric spark synchronous composite wire cutting processing device - Google Patents

Abstract

An electrolytic electric spark synchronous composite wire cutting processing device comprises an electrolyte supply module, an electrolytic tank, a high-voltage pulse power supply, a wire feeding mechanism, a rotary spindle and a chuck; the wire feeding mechanism comprises a horizontal platform and a wire electrode, wherein the horizontal platform and the wire electrode are arranged in the electrolytic tank, a pair of guide wheels, a rotary damper and a motor are arranged on the horizontal platform, the rotary damper and the motor are oppositely fixed on the horizontal platform, one end of the wire electrode is wound on a rotary shaft of the rotary damper, the other end of the wire electrode bypasses the pair of guide wheels and is then fixed on a rotary shaft of the motor, and the rotary main shaft is positioned above a gap between the pair of guide wheels; the horizontal platform is provided with a liquid spraying electrode, the liquid spraying electrode is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid spraying opening which are communicated, and the electrolyte supply module is connected with the liquid inlet of the liquid spraying electrode through a conduit; the negative electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply is electrically connected with the electrode wire, and the positive electrode is electrically connected with the liquid spraying electrode. The invention not only improves the electrolytic wire-cut electrical discharge machining efficiency, but also solves the problem of electrode loss in the electrolytic wire-cut electrical discharge machining process.

Description

An electrolysis electric spark synchronous composite wire cutting processing device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of wire cutting, in particular to an electrolysis electric spark synchronous composite wire cutting processing device.

Background technique

Electrolytic EDM is a special processing technology. It uses high-voltage pulse power supply and low-voltage DC power supply for composite processing. The high-voltage pulse is beneficial to generate spark discharge after the working fluid in the gap between electrodes is broken down, and the difficult part of electrolytic machining is removed, so that electrolytic machining can continue. Compared with the electrolytic machining method, some difficult-to-machine materials will have an oxide film during conventional electrolytic machining, which prevents the further progress of the reaction. Compared with EDM, the electrolyte with good conductivity is used as the working fluid, and the flow rate of the electrolyte between the workpiece and the tool is high, which can take away the processed products and heat in time. On the other hand, the electrolytic removal effect is fully exerted when the high-voltage pulse is stopped, and the electrolytic machining is processed by ion removal, which has advantages that EDM does not have, such as no heat-affected zone.

According to the existing research results, the breakdown discharge in the electrolytic EDM engineering is different from the breakdown discharge in the general insulating medium, and belongs to the breakdown discharge in the composite medium composed of gas-liquid two-phase. The gas phase in the composite medium is mainly generated due to electrochemical reactions. Therefore, this breakdown discharge process can be described as: firstly, gas is generated by electrolysis, and then a complete gas film is formed on the surface of the electrode. Further, the gas film is broken down, and the electric field between the electrodes is distorted, causing the liquid phase material to vaporize and break down. Finally, a breakdown channel between the two electrodes is formed, and discharge occurs.

Technical researchers in this field have done quite a lot of research on electrolytic EDM technology, and many research results have emerged. For example, the patent application number 201410373682.0 provides a multi-potential electrolytic machining method. The high potential of the insoluble auxiliary anode is wrapped around the cathode sidewall insulating layer to constrain the electric field to reduce stray corrosion and control the sidewall taper. This patent sets three potentials, the outer electrode has a high potential, the inner electrode has a lower potential, and the potential of the workpiece is between the inner electrode and the outer electrode; the workpiece, the outer electrode, and the inner electrode are electrically connected through the electrolyte. However, due to the electrolytic EDM, it is impossible to process difficult-to-machine materials such as tungsten, silicon, and silicon carbide, and the efficiency is relatively low compared with electrolytic EDM.

The patent with application number 201710103774.0 provides an electrolytic EDM method for planar thin metal sheet electrodes. Compared with traditional electrolytic EDM, which is surface machining, the efficiency is improved. However, because the power supply method is a pulse power supply, the electrode will be lost during the processing, which will affect the processing accuracy.

The patent with the application number 201710680993.5 provides a rotating ultrasonic electrode micro-electrolytic EDM device and method, which uses ultrasonic vibration to assist machining and rotating electrodes to reduce the electrolysis current and form a more uniform gas film, which is conducive to discharge. However, its power supply method limits its processing efficiency, and the use of columnar electrodes will cause loss during processing, which will affect processing accuracy.

To sum up, the existing electrolytic wire-cut electric discharge machining technology has disadvantages such as low machining efficiency and electrode loss during the machining process, which affects the machining accuracy.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, and provide an electrolytic EDM synchronous composite wire cutting processing device, which can improve the efficiency of electrolytic wire EDM processing and solve the problem of electrode loss during electrolytic wire EDM processing.

To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

An electrolytic EDM synchronous composite wire cutting processing device, comprising an electrolyte supply module, an electrolytic cell, a high-voltage pulse power supply, a wire-feeding mechanism, a rotating spindle, and a chuck fixed at the lower end of the rotating spindle; the wire-feeding mechanism includes a horizontal platform and a wire electrode arranged in the electrolytic tank, a pair of guide wheels, a rotary damper and a motor are arranged on the horizontal platform, the rotary damper and the motor are fixed on the horizontal platform oppositely, one end of the electrode wire is wound on the rotating shaft of the rotary damper, and the other end of the electrode wire is fixed on the On the rotating shaft of the motor, the pair of guide wheels are oppositely arranged on the horizontal platform, and the rotating main shaft is located above the gap between the pair of guide wheels; the horizontal platform is provided with a liquid spray electrode, and the liquid spray electrode is provided with a connected liquid inlet and a liquid spray port; the electrolyte supply module is connected to the liquid spray electrode liquid inlet through a conduit to provide electrolyte, and the liquid spray port is used to spray electrolyte to the workpiece; the negative electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply is electrically connected to the electrode wire, and the positive electrode is electrically connected to the liquid spray electrode so that the electrolyte is positively charged.

It can be seen from the above that the processing device of the present invention can be used to cut the workpiece or process the notch of the workpiece by wire cutting. The specific working principle is as follows: the workpiece is clamped on the chuck at the lower end of the rotating spindle, and the part to be processed of the workpiece is facing the wire electrode, and the workpiece is connected to a low-voltage DC power supply with a lower voltage than the positive pole of the high-voltage pulse power supply. Bubbles are generated and bubbles gather to form a stable and uniform gas film and a discharge channel. At the same time, because the liquid spray electrode is connected to a high voltage, compared with the liquid spray electrode, the electrode wire and the workpiece are at low pressure, so a potential difference is formed, and then a spark discharge is formed to achieve the purpose of material erosion and throwing, and accelerate the processing process, thereby completing the synchronous processing process of the electrolytic EDM combination.

To sum up, the wire-feeding mechanism of the present invention adopts the form of slow wire-feeding, which guarantees the integrity of the electrode wire by continuously introducing new electrode wires, avoids the processing error caused by the loss of the electrode wire, not only improves the efficiency of the electrolytic wire EDM process, but also solves the problem of electrode loss during the electrolytic wire EDM process; the present invention adopts the method of directional spraying of electrolyte, which can limit the effect of the electric field, so that the localization is better and the processing quality is better.

As an improvement of the present invention, a conductive column is respectively provided between the guide wheel and the rotary damper and/or between the guide wheel and the motor, the electrode wire bypasses the conductive column, and the negative pole of the high-voltage pulse power supply is electrically connected to the conductive column so that the electrode wire is negatively charged.

As an improvement of the present invention, a cotton felt column for tensioning the electrode wire is provided between the guide wheel and the conductive column, and the electrode wire bypasses the cotton felt column.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

The wire-feeding mechanism of the present invention adopts the form of slow wire-feeding, ensures the integrity of the electrode wire by continuously introducing new electrode wires, avoids processing errors caused by electrode wire loss, not only improves the efficiency of electrolytic wire EDM processing, but also solves the problem of electrode loss in the process of electrolytic wire EDM processing; the present invention adopts the method of directional spraying of electrolyte, which can limit the effect of the electric field, resulting in better localization and better processing quality.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of electrolytic electric spark synchronous composite wire cutting processing device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the liquid spraying electrode of the electrolytic EDM synchronous compound wire cutting processing device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example

Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , an electrolytic EDM synchronous compound wire cutting processing device, including an electrolyte supply module 1, an electrolytic tank 2, a high-voltage pulse power supply 3, a wire feeding mechanism, a rotating spindle 4 and a chuck 5 fixed at the lower end of the rotating spindle 4;

The wire running mechanism includes a horizontal platform 6 and an electrode wire 7 arranged in the electrolytic cell 2. The horizontal platform 6 is provided with a pair of guide wheels 8, a rotary damper 9 and a motor 10. The rotary damper 9 and the motor 10 are fixed on the horizontal platform 6 oppositely. One end of the electrode wire 7 is wound on the rotating shaft of the rotary damper 9, and the other end of the electrode wire 7 is fixed on the rotating shaft of the motor 10 after winding around a pair of guide wheels 8. above the gap between

The horizontal platform 6 is provided with a liquid spray electrode 11, the liquid spray electrode 11 is provided with a connected liquid inlet 12 and a liquid spray port 13, the electrolyte supply module 1 is connected to the liquid spray electrode 11 liquid inlet 12 through a conduit 14 to provide electrolyte, and the liquid spray port 13 is used to spray electrolyte to the workpiece 17; the negative pole of the high-voltage pulse power supply 3 is electrically connected to the electrode wire 7, and the positive pole is electrically connected to the liquid spray electrode 11 so that the electrolyte is positively charged.

Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, as can be seen from the above, the processing device of the present invention can be used for cutting workpieces or processing the notches of workpieces by wire cutting. The specific working principle is as follows: the workpiece 17 is clamped on the chuck 5 at the lower end of the rotating spindle 4, and the workpiece 17 is to be processed. The electrolyte is sprayed, and the workpiece first undergoes an electrolytic reaction during the initial processing. As the electrolytic reaction proceeds, bubbles are continuously generated, and the bubbles gather to form a stable and uniform gas film and form a discharge channel. At the same time, because the liquid spray electrode is connected to a high voltage, compared with the liquid spray electrode, the electrode wire and the workpiece are at low pressure, so a potential difference is formed, and then spark discharge is formed to achieve the purpose of material erosion and throwing, and accelerate the processing process.

To sum up, the wire-feeding mechanism of the present invention adopts the form of slow wire-feeding, which guarantees the integrity of the electrode wire by continuously introducing new electrode wires, avoids the processing error caused by the loss of the electrode wire, not only improves the efficiency of the electrolytic wire EDM process, but also solves the problem of electrode loss during the electrolytic wire EDM process; the present invention adopts the method of directional spraying of electrolyte, which can limit the effect of the electric field, so that the localization is better and the processing quality is better.

In this embodiment, a conductive column 15 is respectively provided between the guide wheel 6 and the rotary damper 9, and between the guide wheel 6 and the motor 10. The electrode wire 7 bypasses the conductive column 15, and the negative pole of the high-voltage pulse power supply 3 is electrically connected to the conductive column 15 to make the electrode wire 7 negatively charged. On the one hand, the conductive column can tension the electrode wire, while ensuring the tension of the electrode wire and reliable contact between the electrode wire and the conductive column. In addition, the contact area between the electrode wire and the conductive column is large to avoid conductive loosening of the electrode wire during movement.

On the basis of the above, the present invention makes another improvement. A cotton felt column 16 for tensioning the electrode wire is provided between the guide wheel 8 and the conductive column 15 , and the electrode wire 7 bypasses the cotton felt column 16 . On the one hand, the cotton felt column can tension the electrode wire, and at the same time, it can prevent the electrode wire from sliding up and down at will, which ensures the quality of wire cutting processing.

The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods, and are all included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. An electrolysis electric spark synchronous composite wire cutting processing device, it is characterized in that: comprise electrolyte supply module, electrolyzer, high-voltage pulse power supply, wire running mechanism, rotating main shaft and the chuck that is fixed on the lower end of rotating main shaft; A pair of guide wheels are fixed on the shaft of the motor, and the pair of guide wheels are arranged oppositely on the horizontal platform, and the rotating spindle is located above the gap between the pair of guide wheels; the horizontal platform is provided with a liquid spray electrode, and the liquid spray electrode is provided with a connected liquid inlet and a liquid spray port. 2. The electrolytic EDM synchronous composite wire cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a conductive column is respectively provided between the guide wheel and the rotary damper and/or between the guide wheel and the motor, the electrode wire bypasses the conductive column, and the negative pole of the high-voltage pulse power supply is electrically connected to the conductive column so that the electrode wire is negatively charged. 3. The electrolytic EDM synchronous composite wire cutting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: a cotton felt column for tensioning the electrode wire is provided between the guide wheel and the conductive column, and the electrode wire bypasses the cotton felt column.