CN109396581B - Cutting device for conductor material and working method thereof - Google Patents
Cutting device for conductor material and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109396581B CN109396581B CN201811265178.3A CN201811265178A CN109396581B CN 109396581 B CN109396581 B CN 109396581B CN 201811265178 A CN201811265178 A CN 201811265178A CN 109396581 B CN109396581 B CN 109396581B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
- B23H7/02—Wire-cutting
- B23H7/08—Wire electrodes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
- B23H7/34—Working media
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of workpiece cutting, in particular to a cutting device for a conductor material. The invention aims to solve the problem of low surface quality of a workpiece cut by the existing electric spark cutting technology. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a device for cutting a workpiece by using a multi-wire electrode wire. The invention combines the electrolytic machining and the electric spark cutting technology, can remove pits and recast layers on the surface of the workpiece after the workpiece is cut by the electric spark, and improves the surface quality of the workpiece cut by the electric spark. The invention is suitable for cutting all conductive materials and has wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of workpiece cutting, in particular to a cutting device for a conductor material and a working method thereof.
Background
Among cutting techniques for conductive materials, the spark erosion cutting technique is a common cutting technique and has wide application in engineering. Since the tool (wire electrode) and the workpiece do not need to be in contact during machining, no contact force is generated, and the hardness of the workpiece can be ignored when cutting the workpiece, the spark erosion cutting technique is increasingly used to cut difficult-to-machine materials such as alloys with high hardness.
Electric discharge machining is based on thermoelectric energy between an electrode and a workpiece. During machining, a certain gap is ensured between the workpiece and the electrode, so that the electrolyte can be ionized by pulse voltage between the workpiece and the electrode, short pulse discharge is generated in the electrolyte in the gap, and materials of the workpiece are corroded and removed in a melting and gasifying mode. Due to the processing characteristics of electric sparks, the surface of the workpiece after being processed consists of countless small pits left after the material is removed by electric spark erosion, so the surface quality of the workpiece after electric spark processing is general. During the pulse discharge, the melting is stopped and all the molten material is re-solidified on the surface of the material to form a thin layer called recast. The recast layer has many minor processing defects such as micro-holes and micro-cracks. Because recast layers can affect the fatigue strength of a workpiece, some of the more important parts in the aerospace field do not allow the use of electric discharge machining. It can be seen that one of the problems faced when using an electric discharge machine to machine a workpiece is the problem of poor surface quality of the workpiece due to pits and recast layers on the surface of the workpiece, even if optimized machining parameters are used.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a cutting device for a conductor material and a working method thereof, aiming at solving the problem that the surface quality of a workpiece is not high due to pits and recasting layers on the surface of the workpiece after the workpiece is cut by electric sparks.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a cutting device for conductor materials comprises a machine tool workbench, wherein a thread rolling cylinder support is arranged at one side end of the machine tool workbench, and a thread rolling cylinder is arranged on the thread rolling cylinder support; the other side end is provided with an upper workpiece workbench and a lower workpiece workbench which are overlapped; the workpiece is arranged on the workpiece upper workbench through the machine tool chuck, and the workpiece upper workbench and the workpiece lower workbench can drive the machine tool chuck and the workpiece to move along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction; the method is characterized in that: a guide wheel lower support is arranged in the middle of the machine tool workbench, an upright post is arranged on one side of the guide wheel lower support, an upper guide wheel support is arranged at the upper end of the upright post, a plurality of guide wheels are respectively arranged on the upper guide wheel support and the lower guide wheel support, and closed wire electrodes are wound on the guide wheels and the wire rolling barrel to form at least 5 wires; a direct current pulse power supply is arranged between the electrode wire and the workpiece, the workpiece is connected with the anode of the direct current pulse power supply, and the electrode wire is connected with the cathode of the direct current pulse power supply.
The electrode wire is made of molybdenum wire.
A working method of a cutting device for conductor materials is characterized in that: the working method comprises the following steps:
step 1: deionized water with the resistivity of 0.5M omega cm to 5M omega cm is prepared to serve as electrolyte, the electrolyte has weak electrochemical action, pulse voltage of a direct current pulse power supply can break down the electrolyte to generate spark discharge, and an electrolyte nozzle sprays the deionized water between a workpiece and a wire electrode;
step 2: adjusting machining parameters to enable the pulse voltage to be 90-150V, the voltage pulse width to be 5-20 mus, the power frequency to be 10 KHz-100 KHz, rotating the multi-wire electrode wire under the driving of a motor, feeding the workpiece to the direction of the electrode wire for cutting, performing electric spark cutting when feeding the first electrode wire and the second electrode wire, performing electrolytic machining when feeding the third electrode wire, the fourth electrode wire and the fifth electrode wire, dissolving pits and recast layers left on the surface of the workpiece after the electric spark cutting of the workpiece, and improving the surface quality of the workpiece.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, deionized water is selected as electrolyte, and the multi-wire electrode wire is used as a cathode cutter, so that electric spark cutting and electrolytic anode dissolution are combined together, pits and recasting layers on the surface of the workpiece after electric spark cutting can be removed in one-time cutting process, and the surface quality of the workpiece cut by electric spark is improved;
2. in the invention, the cutting of the electrode wire can be finished by only one-time feeding, so that the cutting efficiency is not reduced while the surface quality is improved; meanwhile, only the electrode wires used in the common electric spark cutting equipment are required to be modified into at least 5 electrode wires designed by the invention, and the cutting cost is not obviously increased;
3. the method is simple to operate, and besides using the deionized water with low resistivity and using the multi-wire electrode wire provided by the invention, the processing parameters still only need to use common electric spark cutting parameters, so that the method has a wide industrial popularization prospect;
4. the invention is suitable for cutting all conductive materials and has wide application range.
Drawings
1 schematic view of the cutting machine of the invention;
2, the invention is a schematic diagram of a cutting device for a plurality of electrode wires;
3 comparison of machined surfaces: (a) cutting the surface of a workpiece by using common electric sparks; (b) cutting the surface of a workpiece by using a multi-wire electrode wire;
4, a workpiece is cut by a plurality of electrode wires at the same position: (a) the multiple electrode wires cut the workpiece at the same position in a three-dimensional schematic diagram; (b) the two-dimensional schematic diagram of the workpiece cut by the multiple electrode wires at the same position;
5, a schematic diagram of a plurality of electrode wires for cutting a workpiece:
(a) the kerf width (d) is less than the maximum spark discharge distance (d)Dmax) The processing mode is electric spark processing;
(b) the kerf width (D) is equal to the maximum spark discharge distance (D)max) The processing mode is mainly electrosparking;
(c) the kerf width (D) is greater than the maximum spark discharge distance (D)max) The processing mode is electrolytic processing;
(d) and dissolving the recast layer by the third, fourth and fifth electrode wires in an electrolytic machining mode.
In the figure: 1: a machine tool table; 2: a thread rolling cylinder bracket; 3: a thread rolling cylinder; 4: wire electrode (cathode); 5: a guide wheel upper bracket; 6: a guide wheel; 7: a column; 8: a nozzle; 9: an electrolyte; 10: a machine tool chuck; 11: a workpiece (anode); 12: a workpiece is arranged on a workbench; 13: a direct current pulse power supply; 14: a workpiece lower worktable; 15: and a guide wheel lower bracket.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The multi-wire electrode wire device is adopted to replace a common electric spark electrode wire cutting device to cut the workpiece, and the electric spark cutting and the electrolytic machining can be combined at the same time only by feeding once, so that the purpose of improving the surface quality of the electric spark cutting workpiece is achieved.
The embodiment provides a cutting device for conductor materials (see fig. 1 and 2), which comprises a machine tool workbench 1, wherein a thread rolling cylinder support 2 is arranged at one side end of the machine tool workbench 1, and a thread rolling cylinder 3 is arranged on the thread rolling cylinder support 2; the other side end is provided with a workpiece upper workbench 12 and a workpiece lower workbench 14 which are overlapped; the workpiece 11 is arranged on an upper workpiece workbench 12 through a machine tool chuck 10, and the upper and lower workpiece workbenches can drive the machine tool chuck 10 and the workpiece 11 to move along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction; a guide wheel lower support 15 is arranged in the middle of the machine tool workbench 1, an upright post 7 is arranged on one side of the guide wheel lower support 15, a guide wheel upper support 5 is arranged at the upper end of the upright post 7, 5 pairs of symmetrical guide wheels are respectively arranged on the guide wheel upper support 5 and the guide wheel lower support 15, and closed electrode wires 4 are wound on the guide wheels and the wire rolling barrel 3 to enable the electrode wires 4 to form 5 parallel lines; the upper oblique angle between the workpiece and the motor wire 4 is provided with a machine tool nozzle 8, a direct current pulse power supply 13 is arranged between the electrode wire 4 and the workpiece 11, the workpiece 11 is connected with the anode of the direct current pulse power supply 13, and the electrode wire is connected with the cathode of the direct current pulse power supply 13.
The electrode wire 4 is made of molybdenum wire with the diameter of 0.18 mm.
The working method of the conductor material cutting device comprises the following steps:
step 1: deionized water with the resistivity of 0.5M omega cm to 5M omega cm is prepared to be used as electrolyte, the electrolyte has weak electrochemical action, the pulse voltage of the direct current pulse power supply 13 can break down the electrolyte to generate spark discharge, and the electrolyte nozzle 8 sprays the deionized water 9 between the workpiece 11 and the wire electrode 4;
step 2: adjusting machining parameters to enable pulse voltage to be 90-150V, voltage pulse width to be 5-20 mus and power frequency to be 10 KHz-100 KHz, enabling the wire electrode to rotate by driving the wire rolling barrel to rotate through the motor, feeding the workpiece 11 to the direction of the wire electrode to cut, carrying out electric spark cutting when feeding the first wire electrode and the second wire electrode, carrying out electrolytic machining when feeding the third wire electrode, the fourth wire electrode and the fifth wire electrode, and dissolving pits and recasting layers left on the surface of the workpiece after the electric spark cutting of the workpiece.
The specific working process of the invention (see fig. 4):
after cutting is started, when the workpiece 11 is slowly fed to be close to the first electrode wire, when the distance between the first electrode wire and the anode workpiece 11 is smaller than the maximum distance of spark discharge, the pulse voltage breaks down the electrolyte, and the electric spark starts to discharge, wherein the cutting mode is electric spark cutting. The first wire electrode starts to cut the workpiece apart as shown in fig. 5 (a).
The electrode wire continuously discharges to remove materials in the cutting process, so that the cutting seams of the workpiece are gradually increased, but the cutting seams of the workpiece are not increased to the point where electric spark dischargesMaximum distance (D)max) Therefore, when the second wire electrode is fed, spark is still generated between the second wire electrode and the workpiece, and the cutting manner is still spark cutting, as shown in fig. 5 (b).
As the kerf of the workpiece continues to increase, the maximum distance (D) of the spark discharge is exceeded as the kerf increasesmax) At this time, when the third, fourth, and fifth wire electrodes start to feed, the processing mode at this time is electrolytic processing, as shown in fig. 5 (c) and (d). The three electrode wires dissolve pits and recast layers left on the surface of the workpiece after the workpiece is cut by the electric spark according to the electrolytic anode dissolution principle, so that the surface quality is improved. Three electrode wires are selected for anodic dissolution because the dissolution efficiency of anodic dissolution is not high, if only one electrode wire is adopted, the recast layer cannot be completely dissolved, the three electrode wires are respectively fed in sequence to sequentially dissolve the recast layer, most of the recast layer can be dissolved, and the surface quality is greatly improved.
Fig. 3 (a) shows the surface of a workpiece cut by a wire electrode using a conventional spark erosion cutting technique, and it can be seen that the surface is covered with recrystallized material and has a general surface quality. Fig. 3 (b) shows that the recrystallized material on the surface of the workpiece is dissolved and removed and the surface quality is greatly improved on the surface of the workpiece after the workpiece is cut by adopting the multi-wire electrode wire device of the invention without any change in other processing parameters.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A cutting device for conductor materials comprises a machine tool workbench (1), wherein one side end of the machine tool workbench (1) is provided with a thread rolling cylinder support (2), and a thread rolling cylinder (3) is arranged on the thread rolling cylinder support (2); the other side end is provided with an upper workpiece workbench (12) and a lower workpiece workbench (14) which are overlapped; the workpiece (11) is arranged on an upper workpiece workbench (12) through a machine tool chuck (10), and the upper and lower workpiece workbenches can drive the machine tool chuck (10) and the workpiece (11) to move along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction; the method is characterized in that: a guide wheel lower support (15) is arranged in the middle of the machine tool workbench (1), an upright post (7) is arranged on one side of the guide wheel lower support (15), an upper guide wheel support (5) is arranged at the upper end of the upright post (7), 5 symmetrical pairs of guide wheels are respectively arranged on the upper guide wheel support (5) and the lower guide wheel support (15), and closed electrode wires (4) are wound on the guide wheels and the wire rolling barrel (3) to form 5 parallel lines of the electrode wires (4); a direct current pulse power supply (13) is arranged between the wire electrode (4) and the workpiece (11), the workpiece (11) is connected with the anode of the direct current pulse power supply (13), and the wire electrode is connected with the cathode of the direct current pulse power supply (13);
the electrode wire (4) is made of molybdenum wire.
2. The operating method of a cutting device for conductor material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the working method comprises the following steps:
step 1: deionized water with the resistivity of 0.5M omega cm to 5M omega cm is prepared to be used as electrolyte, the electrolyte has weak electrochemical action, the pulse voltage of the direct current pulse power supply (13) can break down the electrolyte to generate spark discharge, and the electrolyte nozzle (8) sprays the deionized water (9) between the workpiece (11) and the electrode wire (4);
step 2: machining parameters are adjusted, so that the pulse voltage is 90-150V, the voltage pulse width is 5-20 mus, the power frequency is 10 KHz-100 KHz, the multi-wire electrode wire is driven by the motor to rotate, the workpiece (11) is fed towards the direction of the electrode wire to be cut, electric spark cutting is carried out when the workpiece is fed to the first electrode wire and the second electrode wire, electrolytic machining is carried out when the workpiece is fed to the third electrode wire, the fourth electrode wire and the fifth electrode wire, pits and recasting layers left on the surface of the workpiece after the electric spark cutting of the workpiece are dissolved, and the surface quality of the workpiece is improved.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811265178.3A CN109396581B (en) | 2018-10-29 | 2018-10-29 | Cutting device for conductor material and working method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811265178.3A CN109396581B (en) | 2018-10-29 | 2018-10-29 | Cutting device for conductor material and working method thereof |
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| CN109396581A CN109396581A (en) | 2019-03-01 |
| CN109396581B true CN109396581B (en) | 2020-05-19 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108723529B (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2023-07-25 | 广东工业大学 | Electrolytic electric spark synchronous composite wire cutting machining device |
| CN112372098B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-04-19 | 南京航空航天大学 | Straight-line component wire cut electrical discharge machining device and method |
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| CN1814386A (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2006-08-09 | 苏州普光机电有限公司 | Multi-head numerical control electrospark wire-electrode cutting machine |
| CN201253721Y (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2009-06-10 | 钟树平 | Multi-electrode linear cutting machine |
| JP2017087395A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2017-05-25 | 株式会社ディスコ | Multi-wire electric discharge machining device |
| CN206455255U (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-09-01 | 宁波市江北数控设备厂 | Coil holder mechanism |
| CN206952311U (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2018-02-02 | 泰州市日升机械厂 | A kind of multi-thread wire cutting machine tool of electric spark |
| CN108247158A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-07-06 | 西安工业大学 | A kind of cutting method of conductor material |
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2018
- 2018-10-29 CN CN201811265178.3A patent/CN109396581B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1814386A (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2006-08-09 | 苏州普光机电有限公司 | Multi-head numerical control electrospark wire-electrode cutting machine |
| CN201253721Y (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2009-06-10 | 钟树平 | Multi-electrode linear cutting machine |
| JP2017087395A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2017-05-25 | 株式会社ディスコ | Multi-wire electric discharge machining device |
| CN206455255U (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-09-01 | 宁波市江北数控设备厂 | Coil holder mechanism |
| CN206952311U (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2018-02-02 | 泰州市日升机械厂 | A kind of multi-thread wire cutting machine tool of electric spark |
| CN108247158A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-07-06 | 西安工业大学 | A kind of cutting method of conductor material |
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