CN108720960B

CN108720960B - Animal noninvasive trachea cannula fixing device and method

Info

Publication number: CN108720960B
Application number: CN201810615954.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡浩; 成杰; 牛睿; 赵进; 王兴会; 苟玮
Original assignee: Xian Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Xian Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2018-06-14
Filing date: 2018-06-14
Publication date: 2020-01-10
Anticipated expiration: 2038-06-14
Also published as: CN108720960A

Abstract

The invention discloses a fixing device and a fixing method for noninvasive trachea cannula of an animal, and the fixing device comprises a base, a first support, a second support and a fixing table which are sequentially hinged, wherein sliding grooves are formed in two sides in the fixing table, sliding blocks are arranged in the sliding grooves, rubber ropes are arranged on the sliding blocks, a foldable lamp holder and an elastic clamp are arranged on the fixing table, and an LED lamp is arranged at the tail end of the foldable lamp holder. The fixing device provided by the invention can realize the fixation of rats with different body types, the inclination angle and the height of the fixing platform can be adjusted at will, and the installed foldable lamp holder can rotate freely, so that the foldable lamp holder can stably support the neck of the rat, and the tongue root of the rat is pressed by the tongue depressor with the help of the light penetrating through the neck, so that an operator can find the glottis of the trachea more easily, the success rate of the intubating method under direct vision is improved, and the trachea intubating operation is performed rapidly. Meanwhile, the elastic clamp can stably press the upper jaw of the mouse, so that the head is prevented from shaking, and the operation is simple and convenient.

Description

Animal noninvasive trachea cannula fixing device and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical animal experiments, in particular to a non-invasive trachea cannula fixing device and method for animals.

Background

The medical animal experiment course is an indispensable component in medical teaching and has an important role in learning and mastering medical knowledge. Through animal experiments, not only can the basic medical theory be verified, the theory and practice are promoted to be combined, the understanding of students to theoretical knowledge is deepened, but also the practical ability, the rigorous working attitude and the scientific thinking method of the students are cultured, and a foundation is laid for the future clinical and scientific research work. In medical animal experiments, different experimental animals and different administration modes are required to intervene according to the purpose and requirements of the experiment. The animals most commonly used in animal experiments are the murines, including mice and rats.

Gaseous or volatile liquid anesthetics and other aerosol-type drugs can be absorbed through the respiratory tract. The lung has large surface area and large blood flow, the blood flow through the lung is about 10 percent of the whole body, and the alveolar cell structure is thin, so the medicine is easy to absorb. The respiratory tract administration has the advantages of fast absorption, no first pass effect, direct local administration and medicine reaching the infected part. However, the main disadvantages are that the administration method is relatively complex, and in the drug intervention animal experiment, the rat is usually in a waking state, the glottis of the rat is difficult to find, the tracheal intubation is difficult, and the success rate is low. In the concrete experiment, need be fixed in suitable angle with the mouse with the supine position, but the fixed station that the experiment provided at present needs artificial ground mat high one side, and the angle of raising is difficult to control. In addition, when the trachea of the mouse is intubated, an operator needs to use a high-power incandescent bulb or a cold light source to be tightly attached to the neck of the mouse, and the glottis can be exposed by means of light penetrating through the neck and pressing the tongue root of the mouse, so that the success rate of the intubating method under the direct vision is improved. However, the operation process can be completed by two persons, wherein one person tightly attaches the high-power incandescent bulb or the cold light source to the neck of the mouse by one hand, opens the oral cavity of the mouse by the other hand, and inserts the trachea cannula into the oral cavity by the other person.

Chinese patent CN205649562U discloses a fixing table for tracheal intubation of experimental animals, which has a rotating shaft and a fixed table plate inclination angle adjusting structure formed by a movable support, and also has a head and four limbs fixing holes and a neck pillow. However, the fixed bedplate cannot independently adjust the height and the angle, the fixed positions of the limbs and the head are not easy to adjust, and for experimental animals such as a rat in a waking state, an operator cannot quickly find the glottis of the rat, so that noninvasive trachea cannula is implemented.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an animal noninvasive trachea cannula fixing device and method.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an animal does not have trachea cannula fixing device that creates, includes the base and sets up the fixed station that can adjust the height respectively under level and tilt state on the base, be provided with elasticity clamp, spout and collapsible lighting fixture on the fixed station, the spout is located the regional both sides that are used for fixed animal on the fixed station, is provided with the slider in the spout, is provided with slider position fixing component and animal limb on the slider and ties up the subassembly, and elasticity clamp is including being used for through cooperating with the fixed station to being fixed in the U type clamp body that the upper jaw of animal in the region goes on fixing, and the specific both ends of U type clamp link to each other with the fixed station, are provided with the light source that is used for the supplementary animal glottis.

Preferably, a first support and a second support are arranged between the base and the fixed platform, the base is hinged to one end of the first support, the other end of the first support is hinged to one end of the second support, and the other end of the second support is hinged to the fixed platform.

Preferably, the base and the first support, the first support and the second support, and the second support and the fixed station are respectively provided with a first adjusting knob, a second adjusting knob and a third adjusting knob at corresponding hinged positions, and each adjusting knob comprises a threaded rod connected with the two corresponding hinged parts and a locking nut connected with the threaded rod.

Preferably, slider position fixing subassembly is including setting up the fastening bolt on the slider, and fastening bolt runs through the slider (slider and fastening bolt screw-thread fit) and relative with the spout bottom, and the lateral wall of slider contacts with the inner wall of spout (prevents that the slider from rotating along with fastening bolt), and the opening part of spout is provided with can be with the interior protruding edge of slider top contact complex (the slider is the embedding in the spout), and the animal limbs is tied up and is tied up the subassembly and include the annular rubber rope that links to each other with fastening bolt.

Preferably, the elastic clamp body comprises a tension spring, a positioning sheet and two connecting rods respectively connected with two ends of the positioning sheet, the two connecting rods are hinged or pin-connected with the fixed platform, and the tension spring is respectively connected with the connecting rods and the fixed platform.

Preferably, the positioning piece is in the shape of a circular arc.

Preferably, the light source is selected from LED lamps.

The use method of the animal noninvasive trachea cannula fixing device comprises the following steps:

1) adjusting the fixed table to be in a horizontal state, lifting the fixed table to a certain height away from the base, and then connecting the four limbs of an animal (such as a laboratory mouse) with a sliding block (utilizing an animal limb binding component) fixed in a sliding groove (utilizing a sliding block position fixing component);

2) adjusting the inclination angle (relative to the horizontal state) of the fixing table, fixing the upper jaw of the experimental mouse through an elastic clamp, and exposing the oral cavity of the experimental mouse under the visual field of an operator at an angle more favorable for observation;

3) moving the light source to the neck of the laboratory mouse through the foldable lamp holder and tightly abutting the light source;

4) the light which is emitted by the light source and penetrates through the skin of the experimental rat (reaches the inside of the neck) is tightly attached to the neck of the experimental rat, and the tongue root of the experimental rat is pressed by the tongue depressor, so that the glottis of the experimental rat is exposed.

The use method further comprises the following steps:

5) when the catheter is inserted into the trachea by adopting a direct-vision intubation method, one side of the catheter slides along the U-shaped clamp body of the elastic clamp until a hand holding and pinching the catheter touches the U-shaped clamp body.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the slide block in the chute can move freely and can fix the position of the slide block in the chute by the slide block position fixing component, so that the fixing table can be suitable for experimental animals (such as rats) with different sizes, the universality of the fixing table is improved, and the body of the experimental animal is prevented from being damaged by external force in the fixing process. Through setting up the elastic clip, improved the fixed effect of experimental animals head to and the efficiency and the accuracy of intubate. Through being connected the light source with collapsible lighting fixture, can be with the help of collapsible lighting fixture with the light source stable fix at experimental animals body surface (for example outside the neck), guaranteed can alone independently accomplish the operation when having not having the trachea cannula operation of wound, use manpower sparingly.

Furthermore, the height of the fixing table which can rotate to any ideal angle can be freely adjusted by extending the first bracket and the second bracket which are hinged with each other, so that an operator can smoothly perform experiments.

Furthermore, the U-shaped clamp body of the elastic clamp is provided with the arc-shaped positioning piece, so that the upper jaw of the experimental animal can be stably fixed, the experiment operator is prevented from being bitten, the head of the experimental animal is prevented from shaking, and the experimental animal is prevented from being accidentally injured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is one of the side views of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a second side view of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view of the bracket hinge position (second adjustment knob) of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a partial schematic view of the chute and slide of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. the LED lamp comprises a base, 2, a first adjusting knob, 3, a first support, 4, a second adjusting knob, 5, a second support, 6, a third adjusting knob, 7, a fixing table, 8, a sliding groove, 9, a sliding block, 10, a foldable lamp bracket, 11, an LED lamp, 12, an elastic clamp, 13, a rubber rope and 14, and fastening bolts.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The embodiments are only used for explaining the technical scheme of the invention, and do not limit the protection scope of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 5, the invention provides a noninvasive trachea cannula fixing device for laboratory mice, which comprises a base 1 and a fixing table 7, wherein the base 1 is hinged with one end of a first support 3, a first adjusting knob 2 is arranged at the hinged position of the base 1 and the first support 3, the other end of the first support 3 is hinged with one end of a second support 5, a second adjusting knob 4 is arranged at the hinged position of the first support 3 and the second support 5, the other end of the second support 5 is hinged with the fixing table 7, and a third adjusting knob 6 is arranged at the hinged position of the second support 5 and the fixing table 7.

First adjust knob 2 sets up on the articulated shaft of the articulated position department of base 1 and first support 3, and base 1 is articulated with first support 3 through this articulated shaft, and second adjust knob 4 sets up on the articulated shaft of the articulated position department of first support 3 and second support 5, and first support 3 is articulated with second support 5 through this articulated shaft, and third adjust knob 6 sets up on the articulated shaft of the articulated position department of second support 5 and fixed station 7, and second support 5 is articulated with fixed station 7 through this articulated shaft. The hinge shaft may actually be a rod body having an external thread, and for example, the first and second brackets are hinged, and the end portions of the two brackets are sleeved on the rod body and then screwed or loosened by using a nut (knob). When the laboratory mouse is fixed, the fixing table 7 is adjusted to a proper height, and the fixing table 7 can be fixed at the adjusted height by screwing the first adjusting knob 2 and the second adjusting knob 4 in sequence; adjust fixed station 7 to suitable inclination, through the third adjust knob 6 of screwing, can fix the fixed station at the inclination of adjusting to realized the height and the angular adjustment of fixed station 7, and inclination adjustment scope does not receive the height adjustment restriction, the experimental operation of being convenient for has satisfied the laboratory mouse's of multiple size experimental position demand.

Referring to fig. 3 and 6, two parallel sliding grooves 8 are formed in two sides of the fixing table 7, a fixing area of the laboratory mouse on the fixing table 7 is formed between the two sliding grooves 8, two sliding blocks 9 are arranged in each sliding groove 8, a fastening bolt 14 is arranged on each sliding block 9, and an annular rubber rope 13 is arranged on each fastening bolt 14. When a laboratory mouse is fixed, the sliding block 9 slides to a position suitable for the extension of the model of the laboratory mouse, the fastening bolt 14 is rotated in a grading mode, the fastening bolt 14 abuts against the bottom of the sliding groove 8, the side wall of the sliding block 9 is in contact with the sliding groove 8 and cannot rotate, and the sliding block 9 moves to the upper edge of the fastening bolt 14 to be in close contact with the inner convex edge of the upper end of the sliding groove 8, so that the sliding block 9 is fixed in the sliding groove 8. Through the fixed position of adjustment slider 9 in spout 8, the laboratory mouse of the different specifications size of being convenient for is fixed, and not only can be firm fixed laboratory mouse, can adjust laboratory mouse's mounted position simultaneously, avoid leading to the laboratory mouse fracture unreasonable because of the installation of laboratory mouse body position, avoid causing the experiment cost to increase.

Example of the operation flow of the fixed station: adjust fixed station 7 to the level to, loosen fastening bolt 14 soon, make slider 9 in the spout 8 can smoothly slide, place the laboratory mouse with the supine position in the fixed area, remove slider 9 in two spouts 8 according to the fixed position of laboratory mouse four limbs, overlap rubber rope 13 respectively in the four limbs of laboratory mouse, through screwing fastening bolt 14 in grades, finally fixed each slider 9 position in the spout 8, screw fastening bolt 14 in-process, rubber rope 13 has also carried out inseparable winding respectively to the laboratory mouse four limbs for laboratory mouse four limbs and the inseparable ligature of fixed station are tied up fixedly together. After the experiment is finished completely, when the laboratory mouse needs to be released, the fastening bolt 14 is unscrewed again, meanwhile, the rubber rope 13 automatically returns to the original ring shape, and the four limbs of the laboratory mouse can be separated from the rubber rope 13 very conveniently and are separated from the fixing table 7.

Referring to fig. 4, a foldable lamp holder 10 is further installed on one side of the fixed platform 7, a battery is installed at a connection position of the fixed platform 7 and the bottom of the foldable lamp holder 10, and an LED lamp 11 powered by the battery is installed at the top of the foldable lamp holder 10. After fixing laboratory mouse four limbs, install collapsible lighting fixture 10 in fixed station 7 one side, will follow the cable conductor that collapsible lighting fixture 10 arranged and draw forth from LED lamp 10 with the battery is connected, makes LED lamp 11 light, through the angle of adjustment collapsible lighting fixture 10, supports LED lamp 11 the neck of laboratory mouse, when carrying out trachea cannula, conveniently finds the glottis fast with the help of the light that drops into in the laboratory mouse neck.

Referring to fig. 3, the middle portion (i.e., the fixing area) of the fixing table 7 is provided with an elastic clip 12 at a position close to the edge of the fixing table 7. The elastic clamp 12 comprises a tension spring, a circular arc-shaped positioning piece and two connecting rods connected with two ends of the positioning piece, the two connecting rods are hinged or in pin joint with the edge of the fixed platform 7, and the tension spring is respectively connected with the connecting rods and the fixed platform 7. After the four limbs of the laboratory mouse are fixed, the elastic clamp 12 is lifted, the positioning piece rotates around the edge of the fixing table 7 along with the connecting rod, the upper jaw of the laboratory mouse fixed in the supine position inclines upwards, the elastic clamp 12 is released, the connecting rod resets under the action of the tension spring, the arc-shaped positioning piece is enabled to firmly press the upper jaw of the laboratory mouse, the arc-shaped positioning piece can effectively avoid damaging the upper jaw of the laboratory mouse, the laboratory mouse can also be prevented from being bitten by the mouse, and the head of the laboratory mouse shakes. Meanwhile, when the tube is inserted by a single person, the elastic clamp 12 can be used as a supporting point for touch positioning in operation, so as to prevent the trachea from being damaged by too deep insertion of the catheter and even cause operation failure (because, during the tube insertion, the inside of the neck of the laboratory mouse illuminated by the LED lamp needs to be observed so as to be aligned with the glottis). In addition, the limbs can be fixed on the fixing table 7 after the laboratory mouse is anesthetized, the neck of the laboratory mouse can be rested on the arc-shaped positioning sheet of the elastic clamp 12, and at the moment, the tracheal intubation can be directly carried out.

The process of performing the non-invasive trachea cannula on the laboratory mouse by utilizing the non-invasive trachea cannula fixing device is specifically described as follows:

1) after the fixed table 7 is adjusted to be in a horizontal state, the fixed table 7 is lifted to a certain height away from the base 1, and then four limbs of the laboratory mouse are fixed on the fixed table 7 in the horizontal state through a sliding block 9 and a rubber rope 13;

2) adjusting the inclination angle of the fixing table 7, fixing the upper jaw of the experimental mouse through the elastic clamp 12, and exposing the oral cavity of the experimental mouse under the visual field of an operator;

3) moving the LED lamp 11 to the neck of the laboratory mouse through the foldable lamp holder 10 and tightly abutting against the neck of the laboratory mouse;

4) the glottis of the experimental mouse is exposed by means of light rays which are emitted by the LED lamp 11 and penetrate through the skin of the experimental mouse and are pressed by the tongue depressor;

5) a direct-view intubation method is adopted, at the moment of breathing of the experimental mouse, the glottis is aligned, the catheter is inserted into the trachea, one side of the catheter slides along the arc-shaped positioning piece of the elastic clamp 12 until a hand holding and pinching the catheter touches the arc-shaped positioning piece of the elastic clamp 12;

6) and (3) carrying out a medicine intervention experiment after the intubation is finished, adjusting the fixed table 7 to be in a horizontal state after the intervention experiment is finished, and separating the laboratory mouse from the fixed table 7 to enable the fixed table 7 to fall to be in contact with the base 1.

The invention has the following characteristics:

1) the noninvasive trachea cannula fixing device can freely adjust the height of the fixing table by adjusting the stretching states of the first bracket and the second bracket, and can rotate the fixing table to an ideal angle, so that the experiment can be conveniently and smoothly carried out;

2) the experimental mouse can be fixed to the greatest extent according to the body type and the posture of the experimental mouse through the sliding block, the sliding groove and the rubber rope, so that the body of the experimental mouse is prevented from being damaged by external force;

3) the upper jaw of the experimental mouse can be stably fixed through the elastic clamp, so that an experimental operator is prevented from being bitten, the head of the mouse is also prevented from shaking, the success rate of a direct-view intubation method is improved, and the trachea intubation operation is rapidly carried out;

4) the LED lamp can firmly support against the neck of the experimental mouse through the foldable lamp holder, so that an operator can find the glottis of the trachea of the experimental mouse more easily and quickly;

5) when the noninvasive trachea cannula operation is performed on the laboratory mouse, one person can independently operate, so that the labor is saved; in addition, the noninvasive trachea cannula fixing device can be applied to various experiments of other experimental animals, which need to fix the body position, and has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, strong universality and convenient popularization.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an animal does not have trachea cannula fixing device that creates which characterized in that: the height of the fixing table is adjustable under the horizontal and inclined states, the fixing table (7) is arranged on the base (1), the height of the fixing table can be adjusted under the horizontal and inclined states, an elastic clamp (12), a sliding groove (8) and a foldable lamp holder (10) are arranged on the fixing table (7), the sliding groove (8) is located on the two sides of an area, used for fixing an animal, on the fixing table (7), a sliding block (9) is arranged in the sliding groove (8), a sliding block position fixing component and an animal limb binding component are arranged on the sliding block (9), the elastic clamp (12) comprises a U-shaped clamp body used for fixing the upper jaw of the animal fixed in the area through matching with the fixing table (7), two ends of the U-shaped clamp body are connected with the fixing table (7), and the foldable lamp holder (10) is connected;

the sliding block position fixing assembly comprises a fastening bolt (14) arranged on the sliding block (9), the fastening bolt (14) penetrates through the sliding block (9) and is opposite to the bottom of the sliding groove (8), an inner convex edge which can be in contact fit with the top of the sliding block (9) is arranged at an opening of the sliding groove (8), and the animal limb binding assembly comprises an annular rubber rope (13) connected with the fastening bolt (14);

the elastic clamp (12) specifically comprises a tension spring, a positioning sheet and two connecting rods which are respectively connected with the two ends of the positioning sheet, the two connecting rods are hinged or in pin joint with the fixed platform (7), and the tension spring is respectively connected with the connecting rods and the fixed platform (7).

2. The non-invasive endotracheal intubation fixing device for animals according to claim 1, wherein: be provided with first support (3) and second support (5) between base (1) and fixed station (7), base (1) is articulated with the one end of first support (3), and the other end of first support (3) is articulated with the one end of second support (5), and the other end of second support (5) is articulated with fixed station (7).

3. The non-invasive endotracheal intubation fixing device for animals according to claim 2, wherein: the base (1) and the first support (3), the first support (3) and the second support (5) and the corresponding hinged positions of the fixed platform (7) are respectively provided with a first adjusting knob (2), a second adjusting knob (4) and a third adjusting knob (6).

4. The non-invasive endotracheal intubation fixing device for animals according to claim 1, wherein: the locating plate is arc-shaped.

5. The non-invasive endotracheal intubation fixing device for animals according to claim 1, wherein: the light source is selected from an LED lamp (11).

6. The method of using the non-invasive endotracheal intubation device of claim 1 wherein: the using method comprises the following steps:

1) after the fixed table (7) is adjusted to be in a horizontal state, the fixed table (7) is lifted to a certain height away from the base (1), and then the limbs of the animal are connected with a sliding block (9) positioned in the sliding groove (8);

2) after the inclination angle of the fixing table (7) is adjusted, the upper jaw of the animal is fixed through an elastic clamp (12), so that the oral cavity of the animal is exposed under the visual field of an operator;

3) moving the light source to the neck of the animal through a foldable lamp holder (10) and tightly abutting against the neck of the animal;

4) the glottis of the animal is observed by means of light emitted by a light source placed against the animal's neck and transmitted through the animal's skin.