CN108717168A - A kind of Scalar Magnetic Field gradient measuring device and method based on the modulation of light field amplitude - Google Patents
A kind of Scalar Magnetic Field gradient measuring device and method based on the modulation of light field amplitude Download PDFInfo
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- CN108717168A CN108717168A CN201810417773.8A CN201810417773A CN108717168A CN 108717168 A CN108717168 A CN 108717168A CN 201810417773 A CN201810417773 A CN 201810417773A CN 108717168 A CN108717168 A CN 108717168A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/022—Measuring gradient
Abstract
A kind of Scalar Magnetic Field gradient measuring device and method based on the modulation of light field amplitude, processor makes laser export laser by laser control circuit, the frequency of laser resonates with atomic transition, amplitude period changes, the laser that laser is sent out is incident on by fiber optic splitter in the first atomic air chamber and the second atomic air chamber respectively, it is received respectively by the first detector and the second detector after being acted on atom, the voltage signal of detector output is sent to processor.Laser makes atom polarization, polaxis is around external magnetic field with Larmor frequency precession, and processor changes the modulating frequency of laser amplitude, when frequency values are identical as atom Larmor precession frequency, there is maximum in the laser spectrum being emitted from atomic air chamber, and magnetic field value is being calculated by Larmor frequency.By measuring the magnetic field at the first atomic air chamber and the second atomic air chamber position in Difference Calculation, magnetic field gradient value can be obtained.Magnetic susceptibility part of the present invention uses full optical texture, improves the measurement accuracy of magnetic field gradient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Scalar Magnetic Field gradient measuring devices and method based on the modulation of light field amplitude, belong to magnetic field essence
Close fields of measurement.
Background technology
Magnetic field is widely present in space, magnetic-field measurement can be used for geological prospecting, Electromagnetic Survey of Underground Pipelines, non-destructive testing,
The fields such as magnetic navigation, medical diagnosis, magnetic field include the information such as magnetic field amplitude, direction, magnetic field gradient, the accurate measurement of magnetic field gradient
The precision of Electromagnetic Survey of Underground Pipelines, earth-magnetism navigation, biomagnetic measurement can be improved.
Traditional Scalar Magnetic Field gradiometry use two independent magnetometer probes, conventional magnetic instrument probe volume compared with
Greatly, the baseline length of magnetic gradient measurements is limited.And it is electric containing laser and photodetector etc. in conventional magnetic instrument probe
Sub- component, the magnetic interference that electric current generates in corresponding circuit when electronic component is intrinsic magnetic and its work can influence magnetic
Field gradient measurement accuracy.Magnetic-field measurement is carried out using light field amplitude modulation schemes, laser can be transmitted with optical fiber, realize magnetic susceptibility
The full optics in part, eliminates magnetic interference caused by electronic component, can be provided for scientific research and engineer application a kind of high
Precision, the Magnetic Gradient Measurement means of high stability.
Invention content
The technology of the present invention solves the problems, such as：Overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of mark modulated based on light field amplitude
Magnetic Gradient Measurement device and method is measured, can realize the full optical design in magnetic susceptibility part, improves Magnetic Gradient Measurement precision.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of Scalar Magnetic Field gradient measuring device based on the modulation of light field amplitude, packet
It includes：Laser, fiber optic splitter, the first atomic air chamber, the second atomic air chamber, laser control circuit, the first detector, second
Detector and processor；Processor makes laser export laser by laser control circuit, and laser frequency is total with atomic transition
It shakes, and laser amplitude period changes, the laser that laser is sent out is incident on the first atomic air chamber respectively by fiber optic splitter
It in the second atomic air chamber, is received respectively by the first detector and the second detector after being acted on atom, the electricity of detector output
Pressure signal is sent to processor；Processor changes the modulating frequency of laser amplitude, when frequency values and atom Larmor precession frequency
When identical, there is maximum in the laser spectrum being emitted from atomic air chamber, and magnetic field value is calculated by Larmor frequency；Pass through survey
Magnetic field at one atomic air chamber of flow control and the second atomic air chamber position, is calculated magnetic field gradient value.
The detailed process that magnetic field gradient value is calculated is：At first atomic air chamber and the second atomic air chamber position
Magnetic field first carries out Difference Calculation, then is divided by with baseline value L, obtains magnetic field gradient value；The baseline value is in the first atomic air chamber
The distance between the heart and the second atomic air chamber center.
A kind of Scalar Magnetic Field gradiometry method based on the modulation of light field amplitude, steps are as follows：
Step 1：The laser control circuit is adjusted, laser output power constant and frequency and the intrinsic jump of atom are made
Move the laser of resonance；
Step 2：Determine the Larmor precession frequency w of atom in the first atomic air chamber1；
Step 3：Determine the Larmor precession frequency w of atom in the second atomic air chamber2；
Step 4：Calculate the difference DELTA w=of atom Larmor precession frequency in the first atomic air chamber and the second atomic air chamber
w1-w2；
Step 5：Magnetic field gradient value is calculated.
The step 2 determines the Larmor precession frequency w of atom in the first atomic air chamber1Detailed process be：
11) laser for utilizing the first detector measurement to be emitted from the first atomic air chamber, after converting light intensity to voltage value, hair
It is sent to processor；
12) processor changes the modulating frequency of laser amplitude；
13) the corresponding modulating frequency of laser spectrum maximum being emitted from the first atomic air chamber, as w are determined1。
The step 3 determines the Larmor precession frequency w of atom in the second atomic air chamber2Detailed process be：
21) laser for utilizing the second detector measurement to be emitted from the second atomic air chamber, after converting light intensity to voltage value, hair
It is sent to processor；
22) processor changes the modulating frequency of laser amplitude；
23) the corresponding modulating frequency of laser spectrum maximum being emitted from the second atomic air chamber, as w are determined2。
Step 5 magnetic field gradient value Δ B=Δs w/ (r × L)=(w1-w2)/(r × L), wherein r is the gyromagnet of atom
Than L is baseline value.
The present invention compared with the conventional method the advantages of be：
(1) present invention uses the same laser to provide excitation light source for two probes, can be eliminated by Difference Calculation
Common-mode noise improves the measurement accuracy of magnetic gradiometer.
(2) in conventional magnetic instrument probe light field is used containing the electronic components such as laser and photodetector, the present invention
Amplitude modulation schemes realize magnetic-field measurement, can be to avoid electric current in related circuit when the intrinsic magnetism of electronic component and its work
The magnetic interference of generation.
(3) volume for the magnetometer probe that traditional Scalar Magnetic Field gradiometry uses is larger, limits magnetic gradient measurements
Baseline value.The magnetic susceptibility part of the present invention is full optical design, does not need the structures such as excitation coil, probe size is small, increases
The baseline value adjustable extent of magnetic gradient measurements, disclosure satisfy that the use demand under small steric requirements.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of Scalar Magnetic Field gradient measuring device block diagram modulated based on light field amplitude of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of Scalar Magnetic Field gradiometry method flow diagram modulated based on light field amplitude of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention proposes a kind of Scalar Magnetic Field gradient measuring device modulated based on light field amplitude, packet
It includes：Laser, fiber optic splitter, the first atomic air chamber, the second atomic air chamber, laser control circuit, the first detector, second
Detector and processor.
Processor makes laser output frequency change with atomic transition resonance, amplitude period by laser control circuit
Laser, the laser that laser is sent out are incident on by fiber optic splitter in the first atomic air chamber and the second atomic air chamber respectively.?
In specific embodiment, in the first atomic air chamber and the second atomic air chamber filled with87Rb atoms select the VCSEL laser of optical fiber output
Device is as light source, optical maser wavelength 795nm, with87The D1 lines of Rb atoms resonate, and the frequency range of amplitude modulation is set as 35kHz
~500kHz makes optical output power of laser mechanical periodicity between maximum value 120uW and minimum value 0uW.Fiber optic splitter is adopted
With the PN780R5A1 type fiber couplers of Thorlabs companies, splitting ratio 50:50.
It is received respectively by the first detector and the second detector after laser and atom effect, the voltage signal of detector output
It is sent to processor.Laser makes atom polarization, and for polaxis around external magnetic field with Larmor frequency precession, processor changes laser amplitude
Modulating frequency, when frequency values are identical as atom Larmor precession frequency, from atomic air chamber be emitted laser spectrum there is pole
Big value, magnetic field value is being calculated by Larmor frequency.By measuring at the first atomic air chamber and the second atomic air chamber position
Magnetic field carry out Difference Calculation again, and with baseline value (the distance between the first atomic air chamber center and the second atomic air chamber center)
L is divided by, and magnetic field gradient value can be obtained.In a particular embodiment, L value ranges are 10cm~1m.
As shown in Fig. 2, being based on above-mentioned apparatus, the invention also provides a kind of Scalar Magnetic Field ladders based on the modulation of light field amplitude
Measurement method is spent, steps are as follows：
Step 1：The laser control circuit is adjusted, laser output power constant and frequency and the intrinsic jump of atom are made
Move the laser of resonance；
Step 2：Determine the Larmor precession frequency w of atom in the first atomic air chamber1
(1) laser for utilizing the first detector measurement to be emitted from the first atomic air chamber, after converting light intensity to voltage value, hair
It is sent to processor；
(2) processor changes the modulating frequency of laser amplitude；
(3) the corresponding modulating frequency of laser spectrum maximum being emitted from the first atomic air chamber, as w are determined1；
Step 3：Determine the Larmor precession frequency w of atom in the second atomic air chamber2
(1) laser for utilizing the second detector measurement to be emitted from the second atomic air chamber, after converting light intensity to voltage value, hair
It is sent to processor；
(2) processor changes the modulating frequency of laser amplitude；
(3) the corresponding modulating frequency of laser spectrum maximum being emitted from the second atomic air chamber, as w are determined2；
Step 4：Calculate the difference DELTA w=of atom Larmor precession frequency in the first atomic air chamber and the second atomic air chamber
w1-w2；
Step 5：Magnetic field gradient value Δ B=Δs w/ (r × L)=(w is calculated1-w2)/(r × L), wherein r is atom
Gyromagnetic ratio, L are baseline value.
Embodiment described above is the present invention more preferably specific implementation mode, and those skilled in the art is in this hair
The usual variations and alternatives carried out in bright technical proposal scope should be all included within the scope of the present invention.
The non-detailed description of the present invention is known to the skilled person technology.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Scalar Magnetic Field gradient measuring device based on the modulation of light field amplitude, it is characterised in that including：Laser, optical fiber point
Beam device, the first atomic air chamber, the second atomic air chamber, laser control circuit, the first detector, the second detector and processor；
Processor makes laser export laser by laser control circuit, and laser frequency resonates with atomic transition, and laser amplitude week
Phase property changes, and the laser that laser is sent out is incident on the first atomic air chamber and the second atomic air chamber respectively by fiber optic splitter
In, it is received respectively by the first detector and the second detector after being acted on atom, the voltage signal of detector output is sent everywhere
Manage device；Processor changes the modulating frequency of laser amplitude, when frequency values are identical as atom Larmor precession frequency, from atom gas
There is maximum in the laser spectrum of room outgoing, and magnetic field value is calculated by Larmor frequency；By measuring the first atomic air chamber
Magnetic field at the second atomic air chamber position, is calculated magnetic field gradient value.
2. a kind of Scalar Magnetic Field gradient measuring device based on the modulation of light field amplitude according to claim 1, feature exist
In：The detailed process that magnetic field gradient value is calculated is：Magnetic field at first atomic air chamber and the second atomic air chamber position
Difference Calculation is first carried out, then is divided by with baseline value L, magnetic field gradient value is obtained；The baseline value be the first atomic air chamber center with
The distance between second atomic air chamber center.
3. a kind of Scalar Magnetic Field gradiometry method based on the modulation of light field amplitude, it is characterised in that steps are as follows：
Step 1：The laser control circuit is adjusted, makes laser output power constant and frequency and atom intrinsic transition is total
The laser to shake；
Step 2：Determine the Larmor precession frequency w of atom in the first atomic air chamber1；
Step 3：Determine the Larmor precession frequency w of atom in the second atomic air chamber2；
Step 4：Calculate the difference DELTA w=w of atom Larmor precession frequency in the first atomic air chamber and the second atomic air chamber1-w2；
Step 5：Magnetic field gradient value is calculated.
4. a kind of Scalar Magnetic Field gradiometry method based on the modulation of light field amplitude according to claim 3, feature exist
In：The step 2 determines the Larmor precession frequency w of atom in the first atomic air chamber1Detailed process be：
11) laser for utilizing the first detector measurement to be emitted from the first atomic air chamber, after converting light intensity to voltage value, is sent to
Processor；
12) processor changes the modulating frequency of laser amplitude；
13) the corresponding modulating frequency of laser spectrum maximum being emitted from the first atomic air chamber, as w are determined1。
5. a kind of Scalar Magnetic Field gradiometry method based on the modulation of light field amplitude according to claim 3, feature exist
In：The step 3 determines the Larmor precession frequency w of atom in the second atomic air chamber2Detailed process be：
21) laser for utilizing the second detector measurement to be emitted from the second atomic air chamber, after converting light intensity to voltage value, is sent to
Processor；
22) processor changes the modulating frequency of laser amplitude；
23) the corresponding modulating frequency of laser spectrum maximum being emitted from the second atomic air chamber, as w are determined2。
6. a kind of Scalar Magnetic Field gradiometry method based on the modulation of light field amplitude according to claim 3, feature exist
In：Step 5 magnetic field gradient value Δ B=Δs w/ (r × L)=(w1-w2)/(r × L), wherein r is the gyromagnetic ratio of atom, and L is
Baseline value.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN109521376A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-03-26 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Atom magnetometer based on miniature atomic air chamber |
| CN111220934A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-06-02 | 杭州昕磁科技有限公司 | Gradient detection system based on pulse pumping magnetometer |
| CN112014777A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-01 | 中国海洋大学 | Space magnetic gradient tensor measurement system based on optical fiber magnetic field sensor and working method thereof |
| CN112540328A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-03-23 | 之江实验室 | Probe structure based on double-air-chamber optical pumping alkali metal atomic gradient magnetometer |
| CN113447861A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-28 | 北京量子信息科学研究院 | Magnetic field measuring device |
| CN113447862A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-28 | 北京量子信息科学研究院 | Magnetic field gradient measuring device |
| CN113671424A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-11-19 | 南方科技大学 | Magnetic field gradient measuring method and atomic magnetic gradiometer system |
| CN113679389A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-11-23 | 北京大学 | Biological magnetic signal detection device and detection method based on optical pump atomic magnetic gradiometer |
| CN113721171A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-11-30 | 北京量子信息科学研究院 | Magnetic gradient system and detection method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109521376A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-03-26 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Atom magnetometer based on miniature atomic air chamber |
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| CN111220934A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-06-02 | 杭州昕磁科技有限公司 | Gradient detection system based on pulse pumping magnetometer |
| CN112014777A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-01 | 中国海洋大学 | Space magnetic gradient tensor measurement system based on optical fiber magnetic field sensor and working method thereof |
| CN112540328A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-03-23 | 之江实验室 | Probe structure based on double-air-chamber optical pumping alkali metal atomic gradient magnetometer |
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| CN113679389A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-11-23 | 北京大学 | Biological magnetic signal detection device and detection method based on optical pump atomic magnetic gradiometer |
| CN113671424A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-11-19 | 南方科技大学 | Magnetic field gradient measuring method and atomic magnetic gradiometer system |
| CN113671424B (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2023-11-03 | 南方科技大学 | Magnetic field gradient measurement method and atomic magnetic gradiometer system |
| CN113721171A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-11-30 | 北京量子信息科学研究院 | Magnetic gradient system and detection method thereof |
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