CN108705026A - A kind of complex-shaped stainless steelwork casts the preparation method of special molding sand - Google Patents
A kind of complex-shaped stainless steelwork casts the preparation method of special molding sand Download PDFInfo
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- CN108705026A CN108705026A CN201810650565.2A CN201810650565A CN108705026A CN 108705026 A CN108705026 A CN 108705026A CN 201810650565 A CN201810650565 A CN 201810650565A CN 108705026 A CN108705026 A CN 108705026A
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- sand
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- zircon sand
- zircon
- molding sand
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/02—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives
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Abstract
The invention discloses the preparation methods that a kind of complex-shaped stainless steelwork casts special molding sand：Step 1, by zircon sand material screening, particle size range is set to account for overall zircon sand material quality 25-35% in the zircon sand of 0.5-0.7mm, particle size range accounts for overall zircon sand material quality 15-20% in the zircon sand of 0.3-0.4mm, particle size range accounts for overall zircon sand material quality 15-20% in the zircon sand of 0.05-0.08mm, and granularity accounts for overall zircon sand material quality 25-40% in the zircon sand of 0.01-0.02mm；Step 2 mixes zircon sand raw material, sepiolite powder, modified graphite powder, silicon carbide mud, is tentatively mixed in sand mixer after five minutes, and deionized water is added and is continuously mixed to again uniformly to get required molding sand.The molding sand prepared using the preparation method in the present invention is made in the sand casting process that sand mold carries out stainless steelwork, manufactured sand mold is resistant to the temperature more than 1500 DEG C, and inside manufactured sand mold and surface has uniform small exhaust apertures, can effectively be excluded to the gas generated in casting process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to stainless steel casting Material Fields, and in particular to a kind of complex-shaped stainless steelwork casting is special
The preparation method of molding sand.
Background technology
Sand casting is a kind of casting method commonly used in the prior art, steel material and most of non-ferrous alloy
Sand casting process can be used to obtain in the casting of material.Required raw material molding sand is inexpensively easy during sand casting process
, sand casting process process is simple, casting technique is adapted to for casting single-piece production and batch production, therefore sand mold is cast
It makes and is widely used in the manufacturing process of all kinds of alloy-steel castings.Molding sand is the most important raw material of sand casting process, is to prepare
The moulding material of casting cavity.Molding sand raw material in the prior art is the mixture of foundry sand and binder, foundry sand
It is primarily referred to as siliceous sand, such as quartz sand, the most commonly used binder of application is the raw material of clay class, can also use dryness
Oil, water-soluble silicate either phosphate or various resin raw materials.
The casting of stainless steelwork also mostly uses sand casting process, in the prior art, small-sized stainless cast steel part, and especially
Be the more complicated small-sized stainless cast steel part of shape preparation process it is extremely difficult, the reason is that：1, stainless molten steel temperature
The more common alloy molten solution temperature higher of degree, after melt pours into casting mold, molding sand is by the gas and cavity generated after high temperature
Gas must be discharged out of casting mold rapidly, otherwise will remain in cast-internal or surface, form defect, shape is more multiple
Miscellaneous, easier at complicated molding to gather high-temperature gas, gas forms the shape defect that can not be repaired after can not being discharged；2, it uses
It needs to improve than common sand in the sand bond of stainless steel casting, mo(U)ld face is otherwise easily destroyed in casting process；3,
Temperature is high in stainless steel casting process, and just to the heat-resisting quantity of molding sand, more stringent requirements are proposed.
Invention content
Common sand in order to solve the prior art cannot be satisfied wanting for complex-shaped stainless steelwork casting technique
It asks, a kind of system with ordered pore, good permeability, intensity height, the good special molding sand of high temperature resistance is provided in the present invention
Preparation Method.The sand casting process that sand mold carries out stainless steelwork is made in the molding sand prepared using the preparation method in the present invention
In, manufactured sand mold is resistant to the temperature more than 1500 DEG C, and inside manufactured sand mold and surface is with uniform small
Exhaust apertures can effectively exclude the gas generated in casting process.Meanwhile utilizing the preparation method system in the present invention
It is standby go out molding sand be made that sand mold intensity is higher, certain external force can be born in casting preparation process, helps to promote casting
Consistency.
Institute of the invention technique effect to be achieved is realized by following scheme：
The complex-shaped stainless steelwork provided in the present invention casts the preparation method of special molding sand, includes the following steps：
Step 1 sieves zircon sand raw material, and particle size range is made to account for overall zircon sand raw material in the zircon sand of 0.5-0.7mm
The 25-35% of quality, particle size range account for the 15-20% of overall zircon sand material quality, particle size range in the zircon sand of 0.3-0.4mm
The 15-20% of overall zircon sand material quality is accounted in the zircon sand of 0.05-0.08mm, zircon sand of the granularity in 0.01-0.02mm accounts for
The 25-40% of overall zircon sand material quality；
Step 2 mixes zircon sand raw material, sepiolite powder, modified graphite powder, silicon carbide mud, in sand mixer just
Step mixing after five minutes, is added deionized water and is continuously mixed to again uniformly to get required molding sand.
The present invention overall technology route be：Main body of the zircon sand being distributed there are specified particle size as molding sand is selected first
Raw material, select zircon sand the reason of be, the heat resistance of zircon sand, it is moulding and heated after intensity ratio quartz sand it is more preferable, more
Suitable in the technical process for needing to be resistant to higher temperature, longer time high temperature resistant, the higher intensity of tolerance and hardness.Zirconium English
Sandy plain material uses the size distribution raw material of discontinuity, and the sand mold that preparation is completed is made to there is natural ventilative hole, if using continuous
The zircon sand raw material of distribution once comparatively dense structure can be formed by encountering high temperature sand mold, and uses this hair in casting process
The raw material of size distribution in bright can then form natural, hole of uniformly breathing freely in sand mold.Simultaneously in view of complex-shaped
More using the good raw material of good fluidity, plasticity, therefore the zircon sand fineness ratio used is in the prior art for molding sand needed for product
Granularity smaller.It is also individually inadequate as raw material using zircon sand, it is more multiple that the viscosity and mouldability of zircon sand can not build structure
Miscellaneous sand mold, therefore also added viscosity of the clay component for promoting molding sand entirety in the present invention, while being added to and changing
Property graphite composite powder be prepared into sand mold rear surface energy for improving molding sand, further, not only promoted by adding silicon carbide mud
The high temperature resistance of molding sand entirety, while also further improving the uniformity of molding sand entirety.
Further, in step 2, organic sepiolite ingredient >=90% in the sepiolite powder, and fiber is long in sepiolite
Degree is 0.5-0.8cm, apparent density 0.21-0.22g/cm3, sepiolite powder overall moisture content is less than 1%.Sepiolite is one
The hydrous magnesium silicate of kind threadiness, it is opaque also lackluster usually in the colors such as white, light gray, pale yellow, it is soft after sepiolite chance water
Toughness can be promoted, and hardness is promoted under drying regime.Applied in the molding sand structure in the present invention, sepiolite is first as with one
Determine adhesiveness raw material can promote it is uniform mutually mixed between each ingredient, on the other hand in casting process, the moisture in molding sand
Inevitably casting process is had an impact（Moisture additional issue, lost process）, the characteristic of sepiolite water suction just can be with
This point is made up, is scattered and disappeared immediately again after extra moisture can be promoted to be immediately absorbed.In the sepiolite powder used in the present invention
Sepiolite ingredient be organic sepiolite, organic sepiolite have more anti-settling effect.
Further, in step 2, the preparation method of modified graphite powder is：Graphite flake is dipped in oxidant, water-bath
It is heated to 70-85 DEG C, the oxidant is the concentrated sulfuric acid and saturation potassium dichromate aqueous solution with volume ratio 1:1 mixed solution；
After maintaining bath temperature reaction 4-6h, obtained graphite is placed in saturation ferric chloride solution, is heated to 70-85 by filtration drying
DEG C reaction 2-5h, is persistently stirred in reaction process；Filtration drying after the completion of reaction mixes obtained graphite with silicon carbide powder
It closes, grain graininess is ground in planetary-type grinding machine and is less than 5 μm.Graphite composite powder employed in the present invention can not only play
Improve the effect that molding sand is prepared into sand mold rear surface energy.Using, to the modification of graphite composite powder, making shape in graphite composite powder in the present invention
At the graphite with certain thermal expansion effects, in casting technique, after a large amount of heat, the microdilatancy of graphite composite powder is advantageous
In the hole for opening gas circulation, keep exhaust more smoothly.Meanwhile the additive amount of graphite composite powder is unsuitable excessively high, otherwise returns influence
Casting dimension, and graphite composite powder need to be mixed with certain silicon carbide powder and be used, and cast with controlling graphite composite powder
Scaling loss amount in journey.
Further, the additive amount of the silicon carbide powder is the 10-15% of graphite quality obtained.
Further, in step 2, the preparation method of the silicon carbide mud is：Addition in carborundum powder is accounted for into its quality
The alumina powder of 10-15%, after mixing plus water mixes, and uniform and solid particle granularity is ground to using planetary-type grinding machine
Less than 2 μm, required silicon carbide mud is made.The alumina powder of certain content is added in silicon carbide mud can make the viscoplasticity of mud
More preferably.
Further, the silicon carbide mud solid content is 85-90%.
Further, also addition accounts for the dispersant of silicon carbide quality 2-3% in the silicon carbide mud.
Further, the dispersant is EFKA4580.
Further, in step 2, zircon sand raw material, clay, modified graphite powder, silicon carbide mud mass ratio be 1：
（0.08-0.12）：（0.05-0.1）：（0.15-0.20）.
Further, in step 2, the water content control of molding sand obtained is 3-4wt%.The water content of Sand of the present invention
Molding sand slightly below in the prior art（5% water content or so）, the mainly silicon carbide mud and fibre good due to being added to viscoplasticity
The sepiolite powder for tieing up shape, without adding excessive moisture, that is, plastic.
The present invention has the following advantages：
A kind of system with ordered pore, good permeability, intensity height, the good special molding sand of high temperature resistance is provided in the present invention
Preparation Method.The sand casting process that sand mold carries out stainless steelwork is made in the molding sand prepared using the preparation method in the present invention
In, manufactured sand mold is resistant to the temperature more than 1500 DEG C, and inside manufactured sand mold and surface is with uniform small
Exhaust apertures can effectively exclude the gas generated in casting process.Meanwhile utilizing the preparation method system in the present invention
It is standby go out molding sand be made that sand mold intensity is higher, certain external force can be born in casting preparation process, helps to promote casting
Consistency.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Sand conditioning in the present embodiment is as follows：
Step 1 sieves zircon sand raw material, and particle size range is made to account for overall zircon sand raw material in the zircon sand of 0.5-0.7mm
The 30% of quality, particle size range account for the 18% of overall zircon sand material quality in the zircon sand of 0.3-0.4mm, and particle size range exists
The zircon sand of 0.05-0.08mm accounts for the 17% of overall zircon sand material quality, and zircon sand of the granularity in 0.01-0.02mm accounts for totality
The 35% of zircon sand material quality.
Step 2 mixes zircon sand raw material, sepiolite powder, modified graphite powder, silicon carbide mud, in sand mixer
In tentatively mix after five minutes, be added deionized water be continuously mixed to again uniformly to get required molding sand.Zircon sand raw material, clay,
Modified graphite powder, silicon carbide mud mass ratio be 1：0.08：0.08：0.15.The water content of molding sand obtained is 3wt%.
Raw material is commercial goods in the embodiment of the present invention.Organic sepiolite ingredient >=90% in used sepiolite powder,
And fibre length is 0.5-0.8cm, apparent density 0.22g/cm in sepiolite3, sepiolite powder overall moisture content is less than 1%.
The preparation method of modified graphite powder is：Commercially available graphite flake is dipped in oxidant, heating water bath is to 85 DEG C, oxidation
Agent is the concentrated sulfuric acid and saturation potassium dichromate aqueous solution with volume ratio 1:1 mixed solution；After maintaining bath temperature reaction 6h, mistake
It is filtered dry dry, obtained graphite is placed in saturation ferric chloride solution, 80 DEG C of reaction 5h is heated to, persistently stirs in reaction process；
Filtration drying after the completion of reaction mixes obtained graphite with silicon carbide powder, and the additive amount of silicon carbide powder is stone obtained
The 10% of black quality is ground to grain graininess in planetary-type grinding machine and is less than 5 μm.
The preparation method of silicon carbide mud is：Addition in carborundum powder is accounted for the alumina powder of its quality 14%, silicon carbide mud
Also addition accounts for the dispersant of silicon carbide quality 3%, dispersant EFKA4580 in slurry.All raw materials add water to mix after mixing,
It is ground to uniformly using planetary-type grinding machine and solid particle granularity is less than 2 μm, required silicon carbide mud, silicon carbide mud is made
Solid content is 85%.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of the present embodiment Sand is substantially the same with embodiment 1, the difference is that：In step 2, zircon sand is former
Material, clay, modified graphite powder, silicon carbide mud mass ratio be 1：0.1：0.1：0.20.The water content of obtained molding sand
For 4wt%.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of the present embodiment Sand is substantially the same with embodiment 1, the difference is that：In step 2, zircon sand is former
Material, clay, modified graphite powder, silicon carbide mud mass ratio be 1：0.1：0.06：0.20.The water content of obtained molding sand
For 3.85wt%.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method of the present embodiment Sand is substantially the same with embodiment 1, the difference is that：The system of the present embodiment Sand
Preparation Method is substantially the same with embodiment 1, the difference is that：In step 2, zircon sand raw material, clay, modified graphite powder, carbon
The mass ratio of SiClx mud is 1：0.08：0.08：0.18.The water content of obtained molding sand is 3.74wt%.
The molding sand being prepared in embodiment 1-4 is applied to the casting of the stainless cast steel part with many places bend pipe structure
In the process, casting size range is within the scope of 15-20cm, is made using the molding sand that the embodiment of the present invention is prepared set
Then sand mold carries out sand casting.By testing it is found that the special molding sand in the embodiment of the present invention is resistant to more than 1500 DEG C
Temperature, and inside manufactured sand mold and surface has uniform small exhaust apertures, it can be effectively to being generated in casting process
Gas excluded.Meanwhile molding sand is made that sand mold intensity is higher, and certain external force can be born in casting preparation process,
Contribute to the consistency of promotion casting.
Finally, it should be noted that above example be only to illustrate the embodiment of the present invention technical solution rather than to its into
Row limitation, although the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those skilled in the art
It should be understood that the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention can be still modified or replaced equivalently, and these are changed or wait
The range of modified technical solution disengaging technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention cannot also be made with replacement.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of complex-shaped stainless steelwork casts the preparation method of special molding sand, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
Step 1 sieves zircon sand raw material, and particle size range is made to account for overall zircon sand raw material in the zircon sand of 0.5-0.7mm
The 25-35% of quality, particle size range account for the 15-20% of overall zircon sand material quality, particle size range in the zircon sand of 0.3-0.4mm
The 15-20% of overall zircon sand material quality is accounted in the zircon sand of 0.05-0.08mm, zircon sand of the granularity in 0.01-0.02mm accounts for
The 25-40% of overall zircon sand material quality；
Step 2 mixes zircon sand raw material, sepiolite powder, modified graphite powder, silicon carbide mud, in sand mixer just
Step mixing after five minutes, is added deionized water and is continuously mixed to again uniformly to get required molding sand.
2. complex-shaped stainless steelwork as described in claim 1 casts the preparation method of special molding sand, it is characterised in that：Step
In two, organic sepiolite ingredient >=90% in the sepiolite powder, and fibre length is 0.5-0.8cm, apparent density in sepiolite
For 0.21-0.22g/cm3, sepiolite powder overall moisture content is less than 1%.
3. complex-shaped stainless steelwork as described in claim 1 casts the preparation method of special molding sand, it is characterised in that：Step
In two, the preparation method of modified graphite powder is：Graphite flake is dipped in oxidant, heating water bath is to 70-85 DEG C, the oxidation
Agent is the concentrated sulfuric acid and saturation potassium dichromate aqueous solution with volume ratio 1:1 mixed solution；After maintaining bath temperature reaction 4-6h,
Obtained graphite is placed in saturation ferric chloride solution by filtration drying, is heated to 70-85 DEG C of reaction 2-5h, is held in reaction process
Continuous stirring；Obtained graphite is mixed with silicon carbide powder, is ground in planetary-type grinding machine by filtration drying after the completion of reaction
Grain graininess is less than 5 μm.
4. complex-shaped stainless steelwork as described in claim 1 casts the preparation method of special molding sand, it is characterised in that：It is described
The additive amount of silicon carbide powder is the 10-15% of graphite quality obtained.
5. complex-shaped stainless steelwork as described in claim 1 casts the preparation method of special molding sand, it is characterised in that：Step
In two, the preparation method of the silicon carbide mud is：Addition in carborundum powder is accounted for the alumina powder of its quality 10-15%, mixing
Add water mixing after uniformly, is ground to uniformly using planetary-type grinding machine and solid particle granularity is less than 2 μm, required silicon carbide is made
Mud.
6. complex-shaped stainless steelwork as described in claim 1 casts the preparation method of special molding sand, it is characterised in that：It is described
Silicon carbide mud solid content is 85-90%.
7. complex-shaped stainless steelwork as described in claim 1 casts the preparation method of special molding sand, it is characterised in that：It is described
Also addition accounts for the dispersant of silicon carbide quality 2-3% in silicon carbide mud.
8. complex-shaped stainless steelwork as described in claim 1 casts the preparation method of special molding sand, it is characterised in that：It is described
Dispersant is EFKA4580.
9. complex-shaped stainless steelwork as described in claim 1 casts the preparation method of special molding sand, it is characterised in that：Step
In two, zircon sand raw material, clay, modified graphite powder, silicon carbide mud mass ratio be 1：（0.08-0.12）：（0.05-
0.1）：（0.15-0.20）.
10. complex-shaped stainless steelwork as described in claim 1 casts the preparation method of special molding sand, it is characterised in that：Step
In rapid two, the water content control of molding sand obtained is 3-4wt%.
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| CN201810650565.2A CN108705026B (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | Preparation method of special molding sand for casting stainless steel parts with complex shapes |
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