CN108704615A - 一种活性炭吸附剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种活性炭吸附剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108704615A
CN108704615A CN201810358832.9A CN201810358832A CN108704615A CN 108704615 A CN108704615 A CN 108704615A CN 201810358832 A CN201810358832 A CN 201810358832A CN 108704615 A CN108704615 A CN 108704615A
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包志军
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Jurong Shengda Environmental Protection Purifying Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种活性炭吸附剂及其制备方法，包括改性活性炭600～800份；改性膨润土200～500份、氯化钙200～400份、硅藻土200～400份、环氧树脂粘结剂10～20份，将改性活性炭、改性膨润土、氯化钙、硅藻土和环氧树脂粘结剂混合制粒，烘干后即得。本发明通过活化步骤将活性炭和膨润土先进行活化，然后与氯化钙、硅藻土复合制备活性炭吸附剂，制备得到的吸附剂具有良好的强度和优异的吸附性。

Description

一种活性炭吸附剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种活性炭吸附剂及其制备方法，属于吸附剂制备领域。
背景技术
空气中的污染物主要是工业燃料燃烧产生的气体、汽车尾气、生产中产生的有毒有害气体。水污染主要是工业生产排放的污水里含有大量有毒物质，还有人们生活中的污水产生很多有害物质。人们生活中也有很多时候需要脱除毒素，比如空调过滤网上有很多细菌、毒素，新装修的间有甲醛等有害物质，都需要脱除毒素。吸附剂能够有效脱除这些有害物质，目前常用到的有硅胶、活性氧化铝、活性炭、分子筛、矿物等，另外还有针对某种组分选择性吸附而研制的吸附材料。但是这些吸附剂大多吸附能力有限，需要针对不同的要求研究不同的吸附剂，以发挥最好的作用，成本较高。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术的不足，提供一种成本低廉，吸附效果佳的活性炭吸附剂，同时提供该吸附剂的制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明公开了一种活性炭吸附剂，包括如下质量份的组份：
其中，所述改性活性炭包括如下重量份的组份：椰壳150～200份，木质活性炭150～200份、煤质活性炭150～200份、花生壳150～200份。
所述改性膨润土为酸化纳化改性膨润土。
本发明还提供上述活性炭吸附剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
改性活性炭制备：将活性炭原料与水混合，研磨成泥状，然后加入到氢氧化钾溶液中浸泡2～3h，过滤后水洗、干燥即得；
改性膨润土制备：将膨润土原料粉磨过300目筛，然后在硫酸溶液中浸泡1～2h，过滤后在氢氧化纳溶液中浸泡2～3h，过滤后水洗、干燥，最后在400～500℃下煅烧4～6h即得；
吸附剂制备：将改性活性炭、改性膨润土、氯化钙、硅藻土和环氧树脂粘结剂混合制粒，烘干后即得。
其中，所述氢氧化钾溶液的浓度为20～30wt％，所述活性炭原料与氢氧化钾溶液的质量体积比为0.24～0.5g/ml。
所述硫酸溶液的浓度为30～50wt％，所述膨润土原料与硫酸溶液的质量体积比为0.56～0.8g/ml。
所述氢氧化纳溶液的浓度为25～50wt％，所述膨润土原料与氢氧化纳溶液的质量体积比为0.46～0.58g/ml。
有益效果：
本发明先通过活化步骤将活性炭和膨润土先进行活化，然后与氯化钙、硅藻土复合制备活性炭吸附剂，制备得到的吸附剂具有良好的强度和优异的吸附性。
具体实施方式
实施例1
将椰壳180份，木质活性炭160份、煤质活性炭180份、花生壳150份与30份水混合，研磨成泥状，然后加入到25wt％氢氧化钾溶液中浸泡2.5h，活性炭原料与氢氧化钾溶液的质量体积比为0.42g/ml，过滤后水洗、干燥得改性活性炭；
将膨润土原料350份粉磨过300目筛，然后在40wt％硫酸溶液中浸泡1.5h，膨润土原料与硫酸溶液的质量体积比为0.68g/ml，过滤后在45wt％氢氧化纳溶液中浸泡2.5h，膨润土原料与氢氧化纳溶液的质量体积比为0.52g/ml，过滤后水洗、干燥，最后在450℃下煅烧5h得改性膨润土；
将制备得到的改性活性炭、改性膨润土和氯化钙300份、硅藻土300份以及环氧树脂粘结剂15份混合制成粒径小于0.2cm的颗粒，烘干即得。
实施例2
将椰壳150份，木质活性炭150份、煤质活性炭150份、花生壳150份与20份水混合，研磨成泥状，然后加入到20wt％氢氧化钾溶液中浸泡2h，活性炭原料与氢氧化钾溶液的质量体积比为0.24g/ml，过滤后水洗、干燥得改性活性炭；
将膨润土原料200份粉磨过300目筛，然后在30wt％硫酸溶液中浸泡1h，膨润土原料与硫酸溶液的质量体积比为0.56g/ml，过滤后在25wt％氢氧化纳溶液中浸泡2h，膨润土原料与氢氧化纳溶液的质量体积比为0.46g/ml，过滤后水洗、干燥，最后在400℃下煅烧6h得改性膨润土；
将制备得到的改性活性炭、改性膨润土和氯化钙200份、硅藻土200份以及环氧树脂粘结剂10份混合制成粒径小于0.2cm的颗粒，烘干即得。
实施例3
将椰壳200份，木质活性炭200份、煤质活性炭200份、花生壳200份与40份水混合，研磨成泥状，然后加入到30wt％氢氧化钾溶液中浸泡3h，活性炭原料与氢氧化钾溶液的质量体积比为0.5g/ml，过滤后水洗、干燥得改性活性炭；
将膨润土原料500份粉磨过300目筛，然后在50wt％硫酸溶液中浸泡2h，膨润土原料与硫酸溶液的质量体积比为0.8g/ml，过滤后在50wt％氢氧化纳溶液中浸泡3h，膨润土原料与氢氧化纳溶液的质量体积比为0.58g/ml，过滤后水洗、干燥，最后在500℃下煅烧4h得改性膨润土；
将制备得到的改性活性炭、改性膨润土和氯化钙400份、硅藻土400份以及环氧树脂粘结剂20份混合制成粒径小于0.2cm的颗粒，烘干即得。
实施例4
将椰壳200份，木质活性炭180份、煤质活性炭150份、花生壳150份与30份水混合，研磨成泥状，然后加入到25wt％氢氧化钾溶液中浸泡3h，活性炭原料与氢氧化钾溶液的质量体积比为0.48g/ml，过滤后水洗、干燥得改性活性炭；
将膨润土原料400份粉磨过300目筛，然后在40wt％硫酸溶液中浸泡2h，膨润土原料与硫酸溶液的质量体积比为0.72g/ml，过滤后在40wt％氢氧化纳溶液中浸泡3h，膨润土原料与氢氧化纳溶液的质量体积比为0.56g/ml，过滤后水洗、干燥，最后在450℃下煅烧6h得改性膨润土；
将制备得到的改性活性炭、改性膨润土和氯化钙300份、硅藻土300份以及环氧树脂粘结剂20份混合制成粒径小于0.2cm的颗粒，烘干即得。
实施例5
对实施例1～4制备的活性炭吸附剂的强度和吸附性进行检测，检测结果见表1，其中强度检测参照GB/T12496.6-1999《木质活性炭试验方法强度的测定》，碘吸附值检测参照GB/T12496.8-1999《木质活性炭试验方法碘吸附值的测定》，亚甲基蓝吸附值检测参照GB/T12496.10-1999《木质活性炭试验方法亚甲基蓝吸附值的测定》。
由表1数据可知，实施例1制备的活性炭吸附剂各项参数最高，实施例1～4制备的活性炭吸附剂强度不低于96.7％，碘吸附值1773mg/g，亚甲基蓝吸附值不低于42.56ml/0.1g，远高于一级活性炭的标准值。
表1
实施例 强度(％) 碘吸附值(mg/g) 亚甲基蓝吸附值(ml/0.1g)
实施例1 98.5 1863 48.31
实施例2 96.7 1773 42.56
实施例3 97.1 1784 43.78
实施例4 97.4 1812 47.54
本发明提供了一种活性炭吸附剂及其制备方法的思路及方法，具体实现该技术方案的方法和途径很多，以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。本实施例中未明确的各组成部分均可用现有技术加以实现。

Claims (7)

1.一种活性炭吸附剂，其特征在于，包括如下质量份的组份：
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种活性炭吸附剂，其特征在于，所述改性活性炭包括如下重量份的组份：椰壳150～200份，木质活性炭150～200份、煤质活性炭150～200份、花生壳150～200份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种活性炭吸附剂，其特征在于，所述改性膨润土为酸化纳化改性膨润土。
4.权利要求1～3中任意一项所述活性炭吸附剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
改性活性炭制备：将活性炭原料与水混合，研磨成泥状，然后加入到氢氧化钾溶液中浸泡2～3h，过滤后水洗、干燥即得；
改性膨润土制备：将膨润土原料粉磨过300目筛，然后在硫酸溶液中浸泡1～2h，过滤后在氢氧化纳溶液中浸泡2～3h，过滤后水洗、干燥，最后在400～500℃下煅烧4～6h即得；
吸附剂制备：将改性活性炭、改性膨润土、氯化钙、硅藻土和环氧树脂粘结剂混合制粒，烘干后即得。
5.根据权利要求4所述的活性炭吸附剂的制备方法，其特征在于，所述氢氧化钾溶液的浓度为20～30wt％，所述活性炭原料与氢氧化钾溶液的质量体积比为0.24～0.5g/ml。
6.根据权利要求4所述的活性炭吸附剂的制备方法，其特征在于，所述硫酸溶液的浓度为30～50wt％，所述膨润土原料与硫酸溶液的质量体积比为0.56～0.8g/ml。
7.根据权利要求4所述的活性炭吸附剂的制备方法，其特征在于，所述氢氧化纳溶液的浓度为25～50wt％，所述膨润土原料与氢氧化纳溶液的质量体积比为0.46～0.58g/ml。
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张泾生等: "《矿用药剂》", 30 November 2008 *
陆紫生等: "采用复合吸附剂-氨的多功效热管型高效吸附制冷机", 《科学通报》 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110508245A (zh) * 2019-08-29 2019-11-29 安徽禾美环保集团有限公司 一种废水处理吸附材料及其制备方法
CN110754665A (zh) * 2019-10-30 2020-02-07 南宁学院 一种从牛肚中提取钾元素的方法

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Application publication date: 20181026