CN108693540A - Phased-array laser radar - Google Patents
Phased-array laser radar Download PDFInfo
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- CN108693540A CN108693540A CN201710560839.4A CN201710560839A CN108693540A CN 108693540 A CN108693540 A CN 108693540A CN 201710560839 A CN201710560839 A CN 201710560839A CN 108693540 A CN108693540 A CN 108693540A
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006163 transport media Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/89—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S17/90—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of phased-array laser radars, including:Laser generator, for generating original laser;Optical transmission medium;Light distributor, the smooth distributor connect the laser generator by optical transmission medium;The smooth distributor includes the device for receiving the original laser;And Z radiating element, each radiating element are connected with the smooth distributor respectively;Wherein, Z is the natural number more than 1;Wherein, light distributor is used to original laser being assigned as the first optical signal of the roads Z, and will be respectively sent to each radiating element per the first optical signal all the way, so that the electromagnetic wave of all radiating elements radiation synthesizes a branch of radar wave;The material of laser generator, device and optical transmission medium be can transimission power be more than setting performance number laser material.Above-mentioned phased-array laser radar can improve the input power of phased-array laser radar, and then improve the general power of the radar wave of all radiating element synthesis.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser radar technique fields, more particularly to a kind of phased-array laser radar.
Background technology
Laser radar is a kind of sensor with lidar light detection and ranging.Its principle is similar with radar and sonar, that is, uses
Emitter goes out laser pulse to objective emission, is measured by reception device and returns to delay and the intensity of pulse to measure target
Distance and reflectivity.Traditional laser radar realizes 360 degree of spacescan using mechanical rotation device, but such radar makes
With bulky mechanical device, while sweep speed is slow, and mechanical rotation device is difficult to continue normal use after failure.
In order to solve these problems, phased-array laser radar comes into being.Phased-array laser radar is by many identical days
Line forms matrix, and the radiated wave of all antennas forms a branch of radar wave in far field by interference.Electronic system real-time control is each
The phase of antenna, to control the radar wave direction in far field.Electronic system changes the phase of certain antennas, so that it may to change radar
The direction of wave, to realize dynamic scan.It is fast that such electron scanning does not need mechanical rotation device, sweep speed, and i.e.
Making, which has a small amount of antenna to break down, will not influence the actual use of phased-array laser radar.However, traditional phased-array laser
Radar is difficult to reach larger transmission power, therefore the transmission power for how improving phased-array laser radar is urgently to be resolved hurrily asks
Topic.
Invention content
Based on this, it is necessary to the problem of for the transmission power for how improving phased-array laser radar, provide a kind of phased
Battle array laser radar.
A kind of phased-array laser radar, including:
Laser generator, for generating original laser;
Optical transmission medium;
Light distributor, the smooth distributor connect the laser generator by optical transmission medium;The light distribution
Device includes the device for receiving the original laser;And
Z radiating element, each radiating element are connected with the smooth distributor respectively;Wherein, Z is more than 1
Natural number;
Wherein, the smooth distributor is used to the original laser being assigned as the first optical signal of the roads Z, and will be per all the way
The first described optical signal is respectively sent to each radiating element, so that the electromagnetic wave of all radiating element radiation closes
At a branch of radar wave;The material of the laser generator, the device and the optical transmission medium be can transimission power be more than
Set the material of the laser of performance number.
In one of the embodiments, it is described set performance number satisfaction condition as:The phased-array laser radar can
The target adjusted the distance more than setpoint distance value using the original laser that power is the setting performance number is detected.
The setting performance number is more than 10W in one of the embodiments,.
The material of the laser generator, the device and the optical transmission medium is in one of the embodiments,
SiN。
The phase modulation efficiency of the material of the radiating element is more than setting efficiency threshold in one of the embodiments,.
The material of the radiating element is Si in one of the embodiments,.
The smooth distributor includes in one of the embodiments,:
First smooth allocation unit, the first smooth allocation unit connect the laser by the optical transmission medium and occur
Device;The material of the first smooth allocation unit be can transimission power be more than setting performance number laser material;And
M the second smooth allocation units, each second smooth allocation unit are separately connected the described first smooth allocation unit, and institute
It states the second smooth allocation unit and connects N number of radiating element;Described M, N are natural number, and M × N=Z;First light point
The original laser is assigned as second of the roads M optical signal with unit, second of the roads Bing Jiangge optical signal is sent to corresponding each
The second smooth allocation unit;Second of optical signal is assigned as the first light described in the roads N by the second smooth allocation unit
Signal, the first optical signal of the roads Bing Jiangge are sent to corresponding each radiating element.
In one of the embodiments, the described first smooth allocation unit and the second smooth allocation unit be photo-coupler or
Beam splitter.
The smooth distributor further includes M phase regulator in one of the embodiments,;Each phase regulator
It is connected between the described first smooth allocation unit and each second smooth allocation unit;The phase regulator is used for described the
Two kinds of optical signals carry out phase modulation, and second of optical signal after phase modulation is sent to the corresponding second smooth allocation unit.
In one of the embodiments, in the phased-array laser radar, along the transmission direction position of the original laser
The phase modulation efficiency of the material of each structure in light path after the described first smooth allocation unit is more than setting efficiency threshold.
In above-mentioned phased-array laser radar, original laser is assigned as the first optical signal of the roads Z by light distributor, and will be every
The first optical signal is respectively sent to each radiating element all the way, so that the electromagnetic wave of all radiating elements radiation synthesizes a branch of thunder
Up to wave, therefore, the performance of the transmission light path of original laser directly affects the transmission power of entire phased-array laser radar, and
In the phased-array laser radar, device and optical transmission medium in laser generator, light distributor for receiving original laser
Material be can transimission power be more than setting performance number laser material, i.e. the transmission light path of original laser can carry out height
Power transmission so as to improve the input power of phased-array laser radar, and then improves the thunder of all radiating element synthesis
Up to the general power of wave.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
The attached drawing of other embodiment is obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram for the phased-array laser radar that an embodiment provides;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of one of the phased-array laser radar of Fig. 1 illustrated embodiments embodiment.
Specific implementation mode
To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, below with reference to relevant drawings to invention is more fully described.In attached drawing
Give presently preferred embodiments of the present invention.But the present invention can realize in many different forms, however it is not limited to this paper institutes
The embodiment of description.Keep the understanding to the disclosure more thorough on the contrary, purpose of providing these embodiments is
Comprehensively.
Unless otherwise defined, the skill of all of technologies and scientific terms used here by the article and the technical field for belonging to invention
The normally understood meaning of art personnel is identical.Description to be intended merely in the term used in the description of invention specific herein
The purpose of embodiment, it is not intended that the limitation present invention.Term as used herein "and/or" includes one or more relevant institutes
Any and all combinations of list of items.
Referring to FIG. 1, an embodiment provides a kind of phased-array laser radar, including laser generator 100, optical transport
Medium 400, light distributor 200 and Z radiating element 300.Laser generator 100 is distributed by optical transmission medium 400 and light
Device 200 connects.Light distributor 200 is separately connected each radiating element 300.Wherein, Z is natural number, and Z>1.
Laser generator 100 is for generating original laser.Wherein, original laser is laser, for long distance laser radar
For, need to have higher power.Optical transmission medium 400 being capable of wave travels, for example, optical waveguide.
Light distributor 200 is used to original laser being assigned as the first optical signal of the roads Z, and will believe per the first light all the way
Number it is respectively sent to each radiating element 300, so that the electromagnetic wave that all radiating elements 300 radiate synthesizes a branch of radar wave.It changes
There is Z output end, each output end to connect a radiating element 300 for Yan Zhi, light distributor 200 so that each road first
Kind optical signal all passes through different paths to different radiating elements 300 respectively.The first optical signal refers to swashing to original
Light carries out the light wave obtained after a certain proportion of power distribution.
Wherein, light distributor 200 is, for example, photo-coupler or beam splitter, and effect is to be assigned to original laser often
In one radiating element 300.Photo-coupler is, for example, directional coupler (Directional coupler) or star coupler
(Star coupler) etc..Beam splitter be, for example, multiple-mode interfence beam splitter (Multi-mode interferometer,
) or Y type beam splitters etc. MMI.Specifically, original laser is evenly distributed in each radiating element 300 by light distributor 200, i.e.,
The energy of each the first optical signal of road is identical.
Radiating element 300 can carry out phase modulation to the first optical signal of reception, and radiate corresponding electromagnetic wave.Therefore,
By adjusting the phase-shift phase of each radiating element 300, the phase distribution of electromagnetic wave can be changed, so that all radiating elements
The electromagnetic wave of 300 radiation synthesizes specific radar wave in far field by interfering.
Specifically, optical transmission medium 400, light distributor 200 and radiating element 300 may be by silicon photon technology system
It makes.Silicon photon technology is to manufacture corresponding photon by integrated circuit technology using silicon and silicon-based substrate material as optical medium
Device and photoelectric device (such as:Si-based light-emitting device, modulator, detector, fiber waveguide device etc.), and utilize these devices pair
Photon is excited, is handled, is manipulated, to realize its practical application in the fields such as optic communication, light network, optical oomputing.
In addition, light distributor 200 includes the device for receiving original laser.Also, the device, laser generator
100 and optical transmission medium 400 material be can transimission power be more than setting performance number laser material, such as:Laser is sent out
Raw device 100, optical transmission medium 400 and light distributor 200 need to guarantee to transmit high power laser light.Specifically, power is set
Value meet condition be:It is that the original laser of setting performance number is adjusted the distance more than setting that phased-array laser radar, which can utilize power,
The target of distance value is detected.Such as:The setting performance number at least disclosure satisfy that the demand of long-range laser radar.Specifically,
Setting performance number is greater than 10W.At this moment, for connecing in laser generator 100, optical transmission medium 400 and light distributor 200
The material for receiving the device of original laser being capable of laser of the transimission power more than 10W.Optionally, laser generator 100, optical transport are situated between
The material of device in matter 400 and light distributor 200 for receiving original laser is, for example, but is not limited to SiN.
Wherein, the device in laser generator 100, optical transmission medium 400 and light distributor 200 for receiving original laser
Part collectively forms the transmission light path of original laser, and the performance of the transmission light path directly determines that phased-array laser radar can receive
Input power size.Since for long distance laser radar, the input power of laser generator 100 is the bigger the better,
And in the present embodiment, for receiving original laser in laser generator 100, optical transmission medium 400 and light distributor 200
Device can transmit high power laser light, i.e., the transmission light path of original laser can by high-power laser, so as to
Improve the input power of the phased-array laser radar.Since input power improves, the radar wave of all radiating elements 300 synthesis
General power it is also just corresponding improve, so as to extend detection range.
The phase modulation efficiency of the material of radiating element 300 is more than setting efficiency threshold in one of the embodiments,.Example
Such as:Radiating element 300 is made of the material (such as Si) with higher phase modulation efficiency, is swashed so as to improve entire phased array
The phase modulation efficiency of optical radar.
Specifically, all radiating elements 300 constitute planar array.Referring to FIG. 2, light distributor 200 includes the first light
Allocation unit 210 and M the second smooth allocation units 220.Laser generator 100 connects the first light point by optical transmission medium 400
With unit 210.First smooth allocation unit 210 is separately connected each second smooth allocation unit 220, i.e., the first smooth allocation unit 210 packet
1 input terminal and M output end are included, and each output end connects a second smooth allocation unit 220.Second smooth allocation unit
220 connect N number of radiating element 300.M, N is natural number, and M × N=Z.Therefore, the second smooth allocation unit 220 includes 1 defeated
Enter end and N number of output end, if each second smooth allocation unit 220 is located at different lines, the different second smooth allocation unit 220
N number of radiating element 300 of the connection positioned at different lines.
Wherein, original laser is assigned as second of the roads M optical signal, second of the roads Bing Jiangge by the first smooth allocation unit 210
Optical signal is sent to corresponding each second smooth allocation unit 220.Second of optical signal refers to carrying out certain proportion to original laser
Power distribution after obtained light wave.Specifically, the first smooth allocation unit 210 is, for example, 1:M photo-couplers or 1:M light beam splitting
Device.Further, the power of original laser of the power of second of optical signal less than or equal to 1/M times.Therefore, in the present embodiment
In, the first smooth allocation unit 210 is the device for receiving original laser in light distributor 200, then the first smooth allocation unit
210 material be can transimission power be more than setting performance number laser material.
Second of optical signal is assigned as the first optical signal of the roads N, the first light of the roads Bing Jiangge by the second smooth allocation unit 220
Signal is respectively sent to corresponding each radiating element 300.Specifically, the second smooth allocation unit 220 is, for example, 1:N photo-couplers or
1:N beam splitters.Further, the power of second optical signal of the power of the first optical signal less than or equal to 1/N times, i.e.,
The power of the first optical signal is less than or equal to the power of 1/ (M × N) times of original laser.
Specifically, the first smooth allocation unit 210 and the second smooth allocation unit 220 are photo-coupler or beam splitter.
Further, with continued reference to FIG. 2, light distributor 200 further includes M phase regulator 230.Each phase adjusted
Device 230 is connected between the first smooth allocation unit 210 and each second smooth allocation unit 220.In other words, the first smooth allocation unit
210 each output end connects a second smooth allocation unit 220 by a phase regulator 230.Phase regulator
230 to second of optical signal for carrying out phase modulation, and second of optical signal after phase modulation is sent to corresponding second light and is distributed
Unit 220.Therefore, each phase regulator 230 can control the phase of the radiated wave of all radiating elements 300 in a row simultaneously
Position, so as to improve the efficiency of phase modulation.
Specifically, phase regulator 230 can utilize thermo-optic effect (Thermo-optic effect) or plasma body colour
It dissipates effect (Plasma-dispersion effect) and carries out phase-modulation.For example, phase regulator 230 can be to be added by miniature
The optical waveguide of hot device control or the optical waveguide containing PN junction.Specifically, the manufacture material of phase regulator 230 for example but is not limited to
In Si.
Further, in above-mentioned phased-array laser radar, it is single to be located at the distribution of the first light along the transmission direction of original laser
The phase modulation efficiency of the material of each structure in light path after member 210 is more than setting efficiency threshold.Such as:Positioned at the first light
Each structure in light path after allocation unit 210 is made of the efficient material of phase adjusted.Specifically in fig. 2, slave phase
Position adjuster 230 starts to radiating element 300, and the phase modulation efficiency for the structured material of institute that light passes through, which is more than, sets efficiency
Threshold value.Since light is respectively after the first smooth allocation unit 210, the second smooth allocation unit 220, luminous power, which is respectively smaller than, original to swash
(1/M) of luminous power times, less than 1/ (M × N) times of original laser power, therefore, be located at after the first smooth allocation unit 210
Each structure in light path is without can transmit the material of high power laser light, you can with by matching unit 210 and light with the first light
The different material of transmission medium 400 is made, such as the higher material of phase modulation efficiency is selected to be made, to improve phase modulation effect
Rate.
Therefore, above-mentioned phased-array laser radar provided in this embodiment, using difference in the different light path of front and back stages
Material, not only can be with high power transmission laser, but also the characteristic with a wide range of phase modulation, so as to realize remote and expose thoroughly
The laser radar of angle.
Specifically, with continued reference to FIG. 2, above-mentioned radiating element 300 includes optical antenna 310 and phase converter 320.Wherein,
Phase converter 320 is used to carry out phase modulation to the first optical signal from the second smooth allocation unit 220, and by the optical signal after phase modulation
Launched by optical antenna 310.Specifically, phase converter 320 can be adjusted optical antenna 310 by the control of electronic system
Phase.Optionally, phase converter 320 can carry out phase-modulation using thermo-optic effect or plasma dispersion effect.
Therefore, in above-mentioned phased-array laser radar provided in this embodiment, in the premise for including phase regulator 230
Under, both it can launch the identical electromagnetism of phase by phase regulator 230 to adjust all optical antennas 310 arranged positioned at one
Wave, and the phase converter 320 in each radiating element 300 can be passed through so that the different optical antennas 310 of each row launch difference
The electromagnetic wave of phase, to generate high-precision radiation profiles pattern by interfering in far field.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, to keep description succinct, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, it is all considered to be the range of this specification record.
Several embodiments of the invention above described embodiment only expresses, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
It cannot therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that coming for those of ordinary skill in the art
It says, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the protection of the present invention
Range.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of phased-array laser radar, including:
Laser generator, for generating original laser;
Optical transmission medium;
Light distributor, the smooth distributor connect the laser generator by optical transmission medium;The smooth distributor
It include the device for receiving the original laser;And
Z radiating element, each radiating element are connected with the smooth distributor respectively;Wherein, Z is the nature more than 1
Number;
Wherein, the smooth distributor is used to the original laser being assigned as the first optical signal of the roads Z, and will be per described all the way
The first optical signal is respectively sent to each radiating element, so that the electromagnetic wave synthesis one of all radiating element radiation
Beam radar wave;The material of the laser generator, the device and the optical transmission medium be can transimission power be more than setting
The material of the laser of performance number.
2. phased-array laser radar according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the condition that the setting performance number meets
For:It is that the original laser of the setting performance number is adjusted the distance more than setpoint distance that the phased-array laser radar, which can utilize power,
The target of value is detected.
3. phased-array laser radar according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the setting performance number is more than 10W.
4. phased-array laser radar according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the laser generator, the device and
The material of the optical transmission medium is SiN.
5. according to the phased-array laser radar described in any one of claims 1 to 4 claim, which is characterized in that the spoke
The phase modulation efficiency for penetrating the material of unit is more than setting efficiency threshold.
6. phased-array laser radar according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the material of the radiating element is Si.
7. phased-array laser radar according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the smooth distributor includes:
First smooth allocation unit, the first smooth allocation unit connect the laser generator by the optical transmission medium;Institute
State the first smooth allocation unit material be can transimission power be more than setting performance number laser material;And
M the second smooth allocation units, each second smooth allocation unit are separately connected the described first smooth allocation unit, and described the
Two smooth allocation units connect N number of radiating element;Described M, N are natural number, and M × N=Z;The first light distribution is single
The original laser is assigned as second of the roads M optical signal by member, and second of the roads Bing Jiangge optical signal is sent to corresponding each described
Second smooth allocation unit;Second of optical signal is assigned as the first optical signal described in the roads N by the second smooth allocation unit,
The first optical signal of the roads Bing Jiangge is sent to corresponding each radiating element.
8. phased-array laser radar according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the first smooth allocation unit and described
Two smooth allocation units are photo-coupler or beam splitter.
9. phased-array laser radar according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the smooth distributor further includes M phase
Position adjuster;Each phase regulator is connected between the described first smooth allocation unit and each second smooth allocation unit;
The phase regulator is used to carry out phase modulation to second of optical signal, and second of optical signal after phase modulation is sent to pair
The the described second smooth allocation unit answered.
10. phased-array laser radar according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in the phased-array laser radar, edge
The transmission direction of the original laser is located at the phase of the material of each structure in the light path after the described first smooth allocation unit
Modulation efficiency is more than setting efficiency threshold.
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| CN201710560839.4A CN108693540B (en) | 2017-07-11 | 2017-07-11 | Phased array laser radar |
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| CN201710560839.4A CN108693540B (en) | 2017-07-11 | 2017-07-11 | Phased array laser radar |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140192394A1 (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2014-07-10 | Jie Sun | Optical phased arrays |
| US20150346340A1 (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2015-12-03 | Ami YAACOBI | Optical phased arrays |
| CN207133434U (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2018-03-23 | 深圳市涵光半导体有限公司 | Phased-array laser radar |
-
2017
- 2017-07-11 CN CN201710560839.4A patent/CN108693540B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140192394A1 (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2014-07-10 | Jie Sun | Optical phased arrays |
| CN105026970A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2015-11-04 | 麻省理工学院 | Optical phased arrays |
| US20150346340A1 (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2015-12-03 | Ami YAACOBI | Optical phased arrays |
| CN207133434U (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2018-03-23 | 深圳市涵光半导体有限公司 | Phased-array laser radar |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| SUN JIE 等: ""Large-Scale Silicon Photonic Circuits for Optical Phased Arrays"", 《IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS》 * |
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