CN102427166B - Light control microwave beam receiving system - Google Patents
Light control microwave beam receiving system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102427166B CN102427166B CN201110243841.1A CN201110243841A CN102427166B CN 102427166 B CN102427166 B CN 102427166B CN 201110243841 A CN201110243841 A CN 201110243841A CN 102427166 B CN102427166 B CN 102427166B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a light control microwave beam receiving system, and relates to microwave photonics technology. The system comprises N antenna units, wherein each antenna unit is connected with a first input end of a photomodulator; a second input end of the photomodulator is connected with a laser source, and an output end of the photomodulator is connected with an input end of an optical signal processing unit; the optical signal processing unit comprises N input ends and M output ends, and is used for realizing the combination and redistribution of optical signals; and the M output ends of the optical signal processing unit are respectively connected with light delayed units with different length, and the time-delay quantity generated by the light delayed units to the wavelength interval of laser output by adjacent laser light sources just compensates the time-delay quantity generated by the microwave signals on the adjacent antenna units due to source direction. The system disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the system structure is simple, high data rate and multi-user requirements are satisfied, and the mobile communication performance is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Microwave photonics technical field, particularly a kind of light control microwave beam receiving system.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the development of mobile communication, mobile subscriber's quantity increases severely, data service is gradually to multimedia service evolution, cause system information capacity and bandwidth sharp increase, in order to carry out several functions simultaneously, follow the tracks of multiple users, increasing to the demand of communication system that can multi-direction reception microwave signal.
Traditional PAA (Phase Array Antenna, phased array antenna) system can realize the reception of multi-direction microwave signal, it is made up of one group of smooth arrangement identical miniature antenna, each miniature antenna has the ability of transmitting and acknowledge(ment) signal, relies on the directed output of interference stack realization and scanning from the signal wave of miniature antenna unit.But beam tilt makes PAA system in the application of wide-band microwave, have the restriction of principle, cannot meet the needs of modern economic construction.Adopt Real-time Delay unit to substitute phase shifter, direction and the microwave frequency that can realize microwave beam are irrelevant, and then for the Wideband Signal Processing.But traditional phase array Real-time Delay system is made up of waveguide or coaxial cable, loss of signal is large, be subject to electromagnetic interference, in the time that large scale array is applied, system must be used the microwave device such as connecting line, power divider of huge number, make the very large and complex and expensive of whole system volume, affect it and apply widely.
Along with the development of Microwave photonics, in optical fiber, can realize the transmission of microwave signal high bandwidth, low-loss, anti-electromagnetic interference, and lightweight, volume is little, cost is low.Therefore can carry out microwave beam at light-wave band and point to control, be called light control microwave beam and form network.It has, and to observe wide, the radiant power in spatial domain large, can be rapidly sensitive and carry out exactly beam position, search in the space of specifying simultaneously, identify and follow the tracks of multiple targets, and also have good stability, reliability high, to advantages such as the capture rate of target are large.Because light control microwave beam forms network in the potentiality that show aspect mobile communication, the countries such as the U.S., Britain, Canada, Spain, France, Japan, Korea S, Singapore, India, Russia have all dropped into a large amount of human and material resources and have carried out the research of light control microwave beam formation.The research contents of its core comprises that optically controlled phased array antennas, light control microwave beam form the research and development of system and relevant microwave photon device.
It is TTD (the True Time Delay that produces time delay that light control microwave beam forms server part, optical true time delay) unit, with microwave delay unit ratio, TTD flexible structure mutability, lightweight, volume is little, there is very high antijamming capability for electromagnetic interference with crosstalking, the phase temperatures that is modulated at the microwave signal in optical frequency in optical fiber changes than the same low order of magnitude of signal in coaxial cable, and the mounting cost of optical fiber is than low many of other transmission lines.
Publication number is that 4736463 United States Patent (USP) discloses a kind of N × M phased array antenna system structure that can receive multi-direction microwave signal.As shown in Figure 1, in this antenna system, array antenna unit receives the microwave signal in space, each antenna element is connected with a laser, light signal after modulation is connected respectively different detectors via the time delay optical fiber of optical branching device, different length with optical combiner respectively, the microwave signal reduction that detector receives antenna element.When antenna unit number N and direction number M are when larger, this system needs N optical branching device, and M optical combiner, and the time delay optical fiber of N × M different length, make system configuration bulky complex, is not suitable for practical application.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: how to provide a kind of light control microwave beam receiving system, to simplify the structure complexity of existing system.
(2) technical scheme
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of light control microwave beam receiving system, it comprises: N antenna element, described antenna element independently receives microwave signal, and described antenna element connects respectively the first input end of an optical modulator, described first input end is electrical signal ports;
The second input of described optical modulator connects lasing light emitter, and described the second input is light signal input port; Described optical modulator receives the microwave signal of described first input end, and according to described microwave signal, the laser signal being entered by described the second input is carried out to intensity modulated; The light output end of described optical modulator connects the input of a light signal processing unit;
Described light signal processing unit comprises N input and M output, for realizing the merging of N road light signal, and is re-assigned to a described M output; The M of a described light signal processing unit output connects respectively the input of the light delay unit that length is different, the amount of delay that the wavelength interval of the Output of laser of described smooth delay unit to adjacent described lasing light emitter produces, just compensates the amount of delay that microwave signal produces on adjacent described antenna element due to source direction;
The output of each described smooth delay unit connects respectively an independently light input end for photo-detector; Described photo-detector is used for the light signal of N wavelength to be converted to microwave signal, and the microwave signal after these conversions is carried out to the ripple that closes of microwave frequency band, finally exports total microwave signal.
Preferably, described N antenna element distributes point-blank, and keeps identical spacing between adjacent described antenna element.
Preferably, the wavelength of the Output of laser of described lasing light emitter is adjustable.
The wavelength of the Output of laser of the lasing light emitter that preferably, adjacent described antenna element is corresponding keeps equiwavelength interval increase or reduce.
Preferably, described smooth delay unit changes linear increase or reduces with optical wavelength the amount of delay of light wave.
Preferably, described light signal processing unit adopts optical coupler.
Preferably, described light signal processing unit comprises interconnected mixer and splitter.
Preferably, described smooth delay unit adopts dispersive optical fiber.
Preferably, described optical modulator adopts lithium niobate electrooptic modulator.
(3) beneficial effect
Light control microwave beam receiving system of the present invention, by adopting the optical modulator of N output different wave length laser, in conjunction with light signal processing unit, self-assembling formation amount of delay difference on light delay unit, in the situation that realization receives M direction microwave signal simultaneously, the number of light delay unit is reduced to M from N × M, effectively simplified system configuration; Meanwhile, by regulating the wavelength of light carrier, realized the scanning within the scope of plane 180 degree of antenna element place has been received; By adopting photo-detector, realized opto-electronic conversion and microwave closes ripple simultaneously.To sum up, system described in the embodiment of the present invention, by simple system configuration, has met High Data Rate, multi-user's demand, has improved mobile communication performance.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is existing phased array antenna system structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the light control microwave beam receiving system described in the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that the antenna unit array described in the embodiment of the present invention receives microwave signal schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the delay effect schematic diagram of dispersive optical fiber described in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the light control microwave beam receiving system described in the second embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used for illustrating the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment mono-
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the light control microwave beam receiving system described in the first embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 2, described system comprises, N antenna element 36, and N is greater than 1 natural number, for the independent microwave signal 35 that receives space multiple directions.A described N antenna element 36 distributes point-blank, and keeps identical spacing between adjacent described antenna element 36.
Described antenna element 36 connects the first input end of optical modulator 38, and described first input end is electrical signal ports, and the second input of described optical modulator 38 connects lasing light emitter 37, and described the second input is light signal input port.Described optical modulator 38 adopts lithium niobate electrooptic modulator, receives the microwave signal 35 of described first input end, and according to described microwave signal 35, the laser signal of being come in by described the second input is carried out to intensity modulated.
The wavelength of the Output of laser of described lasing light emitter 37 is adjustable continuously, and in N described lasing light emitter 37, the optical maser wavelength of adjacent two described lasing light emitters 37 differs a presetted wavelength interval, the wavelength that is the Output of laser of the lasing light emitter 37 of adjacent described antenna element 36 correspondences keeps equiwavelength interval increase or reduce, thereby realizes the scanning receiving function of system within the scope of certain angle described in the embodiment of the present invention.
The light output end of described optical modulator 38 is connected to the input of a light signal processing unit, described light signal processing unit adopts optical coupler 39, described optical coupler 39 comprises N input and M output, for realizing the merging of N road light signal and being re-assigned to a described M output.In M road output corresponding to a described M output, each road output signal all comprises the light wave of N wavelength.M is greater than 1 natural number.
The M of described optical coupler 39 output connects respectively an independently input for light delay unit 40, and the length of M described smooth delay unit 40 is different.The amount of delay that the wavelength interval of the Output of laser of described smooth delay unit 40 to adjacent described lasing light emitter 37 produces, just compensates the amount of delay that microwave signal produces on adjacent described antenna element 36 due to source direction.Described smooth delay unit 40 adopts Inear dispersion fiber, from the chromatic dispersion principle of optical fiber, and the time delay difference of the light of dispersive optical fiber to different wave length, the time delay of the light of the dispersive optical fiber of different length to Same Wavelength is also different.In embodiments of the present invention, described smooth delay unit 40 changes and linear increase or reduce with optical wavelength the amount of delay of light wave, and described smooth delay unit 40 can also adopt other Dispersive Devices, such as Bragg grating.
The output of each described smooth delay unit 40 connects respectively an independently light input end for photo-detector 41, described photo-detector 41 is microwave signal by the light signal independent translation of N wavelength, and the microwave signal after these conversions is carried out to the ripple that closes of microwave frequency band simultaneously, finally export total microwave signal by the electrical signal of described photo-detector 41.
Below the operation principle of the light control microwave beam receiving system to described in the embodiment of the present invention is specifically described.
Fig. 3 is that the antenna unit array described in the embodiment of the present invention receives microwave signal schematic diagram.As shown in Figure 3, N antenna element 36 distributes point-blank, and between adjacent two antenna elements 36, spacing is d.Be transmitted to described antenna element 36 on conplane microwave signal edge in vertical direction with the direction at θ angle with a described N antenna element 36, two adjacent like this antenna elements 36 receive the time difference Δ τ of microwave signal
0=dsin θ/c, wherein c represents the aerial propagation velocity of microwave signal.
In order to compensate the above-mentioned time delay causing due to microwave signal incident angle, make the microwave signal detecting reach maximum constructive interference, the microwave signal that we receive described antenna element 36 is modulated on the light wave of different wave length, and the wavelength of N light carrier of N the optical modulator 38 modulation outputs of corresponding N described antenna element 36 is followed successively by λ
1, λ
2... λ
n, the difference of the wavelength of two adjacent light carriers is Δ λ=λ
j+1-λ
j, 1≤j < N.Described optical coupler 39 is redistributed after the light carrier of a described N different wave length is merged, and all comprises the light carrier of a described N different wave length in each road output simultaneously.
From the chromatic dispersion principle of optical fiber, the time delay difference of the light of dispersive optical fiber to different wave length, the time delay of the light of the dispersive optical fiber of different length to Same Wavelength is also different.Fig. 4 is the delay effect schematic diagram of dispersive optical fiber described in the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 4, Δ τ=DL Δ λ that two light carriers that described dispersive optical fiber is Δ λ to the difference of wavelength produce, wherein D represents the abbe number of dispersive optical fiber, L represents the length of dispersive optical fiber.Therefore, in the situation that Δ λ is fixing, the value of L is reasonably set, can realizes Δ τ=DL Δ λ=Δ τ
0=dsin θ/c, realizes by the time delay of described smooth delay unit 40, the time delay that compensation causes due to microwave signal incident angle.
By Δ τ=DL Δ λ=Δ τ
0=dsin θ/c changes, and (DLc Δ λ/d), that is to say in the time that Δ λ is fixing, by regulating the value of L can realize the reception of the microwave signal to different incidence angles degree θ can to obtain θ=arcsin.Therefore, described in the embodiment of the present invention M road of optical coupler 39 output to connect respectively a length be L
ithe light delay unit 40 of (1≤i≤M).Like this, to export corresponding receive direction be θ on the i road of described optical coupler 39
i=arcsin (DL
ithe microwave signal of c Δ λ/d), this system can receive the microwave signal of M different directions simultaneously.And then, by regulating the wavelength of Output of laser of lasing light emitter 37, namely regulate Δ λ (Δ λ can be negative), can realize the scanning reception to M different directions 180 ° within the scope of.
And, the output of each described smooth delay unit 40 connects respectively an independently light input end for photo-detector 41, described photo-detector 41 is microwave signal by the light signal independent translation of N wavelength, and the microwave signal after these conversions is carried out to the ripple that closes of microwave frequency band simultaneously, finally export total microwave signal by the electrical signal of described photo-detector 41, complete the reception work of whole system.
Embodiment bis-
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the light control microwave beam receiving system described in the second embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 5, described in system and the first embodiment, the structure of system is basic identical described in this embodiment, and its difference is only, described optical coupler 39 is replaced with to the combination of a mixer 42 and splitter 43.Described mixer 42 comprises N input and 1 output, merges and exports to described splitter 43 for the N road light signal that described optical modulator 38 is exported; Described splitter 43 comprises 1 input and M output, for receiving the output of described mixer 42, and is re-assigned to M output of described splitter 43.
Light control microwave beam receiving system described in the embodiment of the present invention, by adopting the optical modulator of N output different wave length laser, in conjunction with light signal processing unit, self-assembling formation amount of delay difference on light delay unit, in the situation that realization receives M direction microwave signal simultaneously, the number of light delay unit is reduced to M from N × M, effectively simplified system configuration; Meanwhile, by regulating the wavelength of light carrier, realized the scanning within the scope of plane 180 degree of antenna element place has been received; By adopting photo-detector, realized opto-electronic conversion and microwave closes ripple simultaneously.To sum up, system described in the embodiment of the present invention, by simple system configuration, has met High Data Rate, multi-user's demand, has improved mobile communication performance.
Above execution mode is only for illustrating the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. a light control microwave beam receiving system, it is characterized in that, comprise: N antenna element (36), a described N antenna element (36) distributes point-blank, and keeps identical spacing d between adjacent described antenna element (36); Described antenna element (36) is independent receives microwave signal, and described antenna element (36) connects respectively the first input end of an optical modulator (38), and described first input end is electrical signal ports;
The second input of described optical modulator (38) connects lasing light emitter (37), and described the second input is light signal input port, and the wavelength of the Output of laser of a described N lasing light emitter is followed successively by λ
1, λ
2λ
n, two adjacent wavelength differ a presetted wavelength interval delta λ=λ
j+1-λ
j(1≤j < N); Described optical modulator (38) receives the microwave signal of described first input end, and according to described microwave signal, the laser signal being entered by described the second input is carried out to intensity modulated; The light output end of described optical modulator (38) connects the input of a light signal processing unit;
Described light signal processing unit comprises N input and M output, for realizing the merging of N road light signal, and is re-assigned to a described M output, and each road output signal all comprises the light wave of N described wavelength; The M of a described light signal processing unit output connects respectively the input of the light delay unit (40) that length is different, (D represents abbe number to amount of delay Δ τ=DL Δ λ that the wavelength interval of the Output of laser of described i road (1≤i≤M) light delay unit (40) to described lasing light emitter (37) adjacent in N laser produces, L represents length), just compensation direction is in vertical direction with θ
ithe amount of delay Δ τ that the microwave signal at angle produces on adjacent described antenna element (36) in N antenna element due to source direction
0=dsin θ/c makes system can receive the microwave signal of M different directions simultaneously;
The output of described smooth delay unit (40) connects respectively the light input end of a photo-detector (41); Described photo-detector (41) is for being microwave signal by the light signal independent translation of N wavelength, and the microwave signal after these conversions is carried out to the ripple that closes of microwave frequency band simultaneously, finally export total microwave signal by the electrical signal of described photo-detector 41.
2. the system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the wavelength of the Output of laser of described lasing light emitter (37) is adjustable.
3. the system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the wavelength of the Output of laser of the lasing light emitter (37) that adjacent described antenna element (36) is corresponding keeps equiwavelength interval increase or reduce.
4. the system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described smooth delay unit (40) changes linear increase or reduces with optical wavelength the amount of delay of light wave.
5. the system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described light signal processing unit adopts optical coupler (39).
6. the system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described light signal processing unit comprises interconnected mixer (42) and splitter (43).
7. the system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described smooth delay unit (40) adopts dispersive optical fiber.
8. the system as described in one of claim 1 to 7, is characterized in that, described optical modulator (38) adopts lithium niobate electrooptic modulator.
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| CN102427166B true CN102427166B (en) | 2014-11-26 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103580752B (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2016-03-23 | 北京邮电大学 | The true time-delay mechanism of optics and optical controlled beam forming network system |
| CN103532604B (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2016-03-30 | 上海交通大学 | Based on the Wave-packet shaping network able to programme of light WDM technology |
| CN104901014A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-09-09 | 南京信息工程大学 | Optical true time delay plane phased array receiving antenna system based on wavelength scanning |
| CN108761439B (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2022-08-09 | 上海交通大学 | Integrated multi-beam optical phased array delay network based on wavelength division multiplexing |
| CN108957900A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-12-07 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | A kind of multi-beam optical phased array antenna based on silicon substrate |
| CN109975796B (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2021-08-13 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Integrated position measuring and adjusting device and method |
| CN113571908B (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2024-05-07 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | Two-dimensional reconfigurable light-operated beam forming network device shared by transceiver |
| CN114296033B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2024-02-27 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 | Light-operated receiving beam forming method and device |
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| US6768458B1 (en) * | 1996-12-30 | 2004-07-27 | Raytheon Corporation | Photonically controlled active array radar system |
| US7558450B2 (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2009-07-07 | Morton Photonics, Inc. | Microwave photonic delay line with separate tuning of optical carrier |
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| US4736463A (en) * | 1986-08-22 | 1988-04-05 | Itt Corporation | Electro-optically controlled wideband multi-beam phased array antenna |
| US5955992A (en) * | 1998-02-12 | 1999-09-21 | Shattil; Steve J. | Frequency-shifted feedback cavity used as a phased array antenna controller and carrier interference multiple access spread-spectrum transmitter |
| US20090027268A1 (en) * | 2006-08-15 | 2009-01-29 | Coward James F | Multi Beam Photonic Beamformer |
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| US6768458B1 (en) * | 1996-12-30 | 2004-07-27 | Raytheon Corporation | Photonically controlled active array radar system |
| US7558450B2 (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2009-07-07 | Morton Photonics, Inc. | Microwave photonic delay line with separate tuning of optical carrier |
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