CN108683625A - A kind of data packet detection method of low-power consumption bluetooth LE Coded PHY - Google Patents
A kind of data packet detection method of low-power consumption bluetooth LE Coded PHY Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
- H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
- H04L27/38—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits
- H04L27/3845—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits using non - coherent demodulation, i.e. not using a phase synchronous carrier
- H04L27/3854—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits using non - coherent demodulation, i.e. not using a phase synchronous carrier using a non - coherent carrier, including systems with baseband correction for phase or frequency offset
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7073—Synchronisation aspects
- H04B1/7075—Synchronisation aspects with code phase acquisition
- H04B1/70754—Setting of search window, i.e. range of code offsets to be searched
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/713—Spread spectrum techniques using frequency hopping
- H04B1/7156—Arrangements for sequence synchronisation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
- H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
- H04L27/2657—Carrier synchronisation
- H04L27/2659—Coarse or integer frequency offset determination and synchronisation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
- H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
- H04L27/38—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits
- H04L27/3845—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits using non - coherent demodulation, i.e. not using a phase synchronous carrier
- H04L27/3854—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits using non - coherent demodulation, i.e. not using a phase synchronous carrier using a non - coherent carrier, including systems with baseband correction for phase or frequency offset
- H04L27/3872—Compensation for phase rotation in the demodulated signal
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Abstract
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology fields, disclose a kind of data packet detection method of low-power consumption bluetooth LE coded PHY.First, it receives signal and uses over-sampling, in phase field, calculate the correlation of the phase difference sequence and local sequence that receive signal, observe the signal characteristic of the correlation, detection data packet Preamble.After Preamble is detected, the sampling point position of sign synchronization is determined, the frequency shift (FS) of signal is received according to phase difference sequence estimation at this time.After frequency offset compensation, the sampled signal on the basis of sign synchronization sampled point calculates the correlation of time-domain signal and local signal with character rate sampled signal, observes the signal characteristic of the correlation, detection Access Address.After Access Address are detected, the synchronous sampling point position for obtaining Access Address determines the initial position of PDU as benchmark.Emulation shows under gaussian additive noise channel that data packet detection method of the invention, in SNR=3dB, the detection probability that the detection probability of targeting sequencing is 98%, Access Address is 98%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication field, more particularly to the data packet of a kind of low-power consumption bluetooth LE Coded PHY detects
Method.
Background technology
Low-power consumption bluetooth (Bluetooth Low Energy, BLE) is a kind of short-range wireless communication technique；Due to it
The features such as reliability, safety, ease for use, low cost and super low-power consumption, becomes the necks such as medical treatment ＆ health, smart machine and Internet of Things
One of most widely used technology in domain.Compared with classical bluetooth, low-power consumption bluetooth significantly reduces system power dissipation, saves and is
System cost.Low-power consumption bluetooth is operated in the unauthorized frequency ranges of 2.4~2.4835GHz, shares 40 wireless channels, each channel occupancy
Bandwidth 2MHz improves anti-interference and reliability using frequency hopping；Low-power consumption bluetooth wirelessly communicates physical layer and uses Heng Bao
The GFSK Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK) of network is modulated, and the design of transmitter is simplified.
In order to further expand the application range of low-power consumption bluetooth, in December, 2016, bluetooth sig (Bluetooth
SIG 5 technical standards of Bluetooth) have been promulgated.In the low-power consumption bluetooth technology of Bluetooth 5, LE 2M PHY are added
Communication pattern and LE Coded PHY communication patterns [1], improve the traffic rate of BLE, extend the communication distance of BLE.LE
Coded PHY use the character rate of 1M Symbols/s, and convolutional encoding has been carried out to the information data of transmitting, are increased by encoding
Benefit improves the sensitivity of receiver so that BLE can be operated in lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)；Under same transmission power, connect
Receipts machine can be operated in smaller received signal power range, to expand the coverage area of BLE.It requires simultaneously, BLE receivers
LE Coded PHY data packets can be accurately detected at lower SNR, need the BLE Coded PHY data packets of reliable design
Detection method effectively utilizes the data packet format and signal characteristic of LE Coded PHY.Therefore, data packet detection is LE
One of the key technology of Coded PHY.The pertinent literature of retrieval is given below：
[1]Bluetooth Core Specification v5.0,Bluetooth SIG,2016
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of data packet detection sides of low-power consumption bluetooth LE coded PHY
Method.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, GFSK demodulation methods of the invention include four steps：
Step 1：It receives signal and uses over-sampling, in phase field, calculate the phase difference sequence for receiving signal and local sequence
The correlation of row observes the signal characteristic of the correlation, detection data packet Preamble.
Complex base band GFSK signals can be expressed as
Wherein EbIt is the energy of every bit information；T is symbol period；H is GFSK modulation indexs, 0.45≤h in BLE≤
0.55；α (k) is the data symbol of transmitting, and α (k) ∈ { -1 ,+1 } are the mappings for emitting binary information sequence；Q (t) is Gauss
The integral of pulse.
Signal is received in nTsThe sampled value at moment can be expressed as
R (n)=r (nTs)=As (nTs)+N(nTs) (3)
Wherein N (nTs) it is the sampling for answering additive white Gaussian noise, TsFor the sampling period,
OverSample is the over-sampling multiple for receiving signal relative symbol rate, and A is channel fading coefficient.Calculate the phase for receiving signal
Position, phase difference, phase difference and the correlation of local sequence are as follows：
Phase (n)=angle (r (n))/π (4)
PhaseDiff (n)=Phase (n)-Phase (n-OverSample) (5)
Wherein Phase (n) indicates to receive the phase of signal r (n)；PhaseDiff (n) indicates to receive the phase of signal r (n)
Difference sequence；PhaseDiffCorr (n) indicates to receive the correlation of the phase difference sequence and local sequence of signal；α(m)(m
=0 ..., M-1) indicate local sequence, α (m) ∈ { -1 ,+1 }, the length of M；Sign { } is sign function；
The calculating for receiving the phase difference sequence and the correlation of local sequence of signal, is calculated based on sliding window, window
The length of mouth is M, and one correlation of each window calculation often calculates a correlation, one sampled point of window forward slip；When
When receiving signal and including the Preamble of LE Coded PHY, the peak value of the sequence of correlation values has just and has negative, and periodicity is presented
Feature, period size are P；When detecting that continuous multiple periods are more than one close to the peak value of P and the absolute value of the peak value
When preset thresholding, it is believed that detect Preamble.
Step 2：After Preamble is detected, the sampling point position of sign synchronization is determined, according to phase difference at this time
Sub-sequence estimation receives the frequency shift (FS) of signal.
According to receive the phase difference sequence of signal and the corresponding sampling point position of the local peak value of correlation of sequence and
Relationship between sign synchronization sampling point position determines that the position of the sign synchronization sampled point corresponding to a nearest peak value is
PacketStartPoint；Frequency offset estimation cfo is：
Above formula indicates, on the basis of PacketStartPoint, L sampled point of biased forwards is used since the sampled point
Estimated value of the average value of N number of phase difference as frequency shift (FS) cfo.The purpose for deviating L sampled point is ensured in no frequency
In the case that rate is deviated with noise, the estimated value of cfo is 0.
Step 3：After frequency offset compensation, on the basis of sign synchronization sampled point, with character rate sampled signal, calculate
The correlation of time-domain signal and local signal observes the signal characteristic of the correlation, detection Access Address.
First, the frequency shift (FS) cfo estimated by the frequency mixer compensation process 2 by digital front-end
Y (n)=exp (- jncfo) r (n) (9)
Wherein y (n) is the sample sequence for receiving signal r (n) and compensating gained signal after cfo.After cfo compensation, with
PacketStartPoint is starting point, searches for Access Address, calculates correlation：
Wherein x (k) is the corresponding time domain sequences of Access Address locally reconstructed.
Using step (2) obtained PacketStartPoint as starting point, calculated in a search window
AccessCorr (n) obtains the maximum related value in the search window by comparing
max{AccessCorr(n)} (11)
If max { AccessCorr (n) } is more than a preset thresholding, then it is assumed that detect Access
Address, corresponding sampling point position are AccessStartPoint.
Step 4：After Access Address are detected, the synchronous sampling point position of Access Address is obtained, with
On the basis of this, the initial position of PDU is determined
PDUStartPoint=AccessStartPoint+AccessAddressLength+40 (12)
Wherein, PDUStartPoint is the position of PDU starting sample points, and AccessAddressLength is Access
The length of Address sequences.
From the above, it can be seen that the data packet detection method of the low-power consumption bluetooth LE coded PHY of the present invention is being examined
When the Preamble of measured data packet, receive signal and use over-sampling, in phase field, calculate receive the phase difference sequence of signal with
The correlation of local sequence detects Preamble by observing the periodic feature of correlation peaks；Using over-sampling, improve
The sensitivity of Preamble detections.After Preamble is detected, estimates and compensate the frequency shift (FS) for receiving signal.At this point,
The sampled signal on the basis of sign synchronization sampled point is sampled with character rate and receives signal, search Access Address.With symbol
Number polydispersity index and calculating, advantageously reduce the complexity of algorithm.After detecting Access Address, it can determine
The initial position of PDU.
Description of the drawings
The block diagram that the data packet that Fig. 1 is LE Coded PHY detects；
Fig. 2 is the data packet format of LE Coded PHY；
Fig. 3 is the waveform of the local sequence of Preamble detections；
Fig. 4 is the waveform of phase difference and the correlation of local sequence；
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail with specific implementation mode below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
The block diagram of the data packet detection method of the low-power consumption bluetooth LE coded PHY of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1, include
Phase calculation, phase difference calculating, Preamble detections, Frequency offset estimation, frequency offset compensation, Access Code search
Etc. modules, realized by following four step：
Step 1：It receives signal and uses over-sampling, in phase field, calculate the phase difference sequence for receiving signal and local sequence
The correlation of row observes the signal characteristic of the correlation, detection data packet Preamble.
Complex base band GFSK signals can be expressed as
Wherein EbIt is the energy of every bit information；T is symbol period, is in the character rate of LE Coded PHY
1MSymols/s, symbol period T=1ms；H is GFSK modulation indexs, and 0.45≤h≤0.55 in LE Coded PHY selects h=
0.5；α (k) is the data symbol of transmitting, and α (k) ∈ { -1 ,+1 } are the mappings for emitting binary information sequence；Q (t) is Gauss arteries and veins
The integral of punching.The data packet format of LE Coded PHY as shown in Fig. 2, the Preamble duration in figure is 80us,
Preamble is made of 80 transmitting symbols, i.e., is repeated 10 times this bit mode of ' 00111100 '.
Signal is received in nTsThe sampled value at moment can be expressed as
R (n)=r (nTs)=As (nTs)+N(nTs) (15)
Wherein N (nTs) it is the sampling for answering additive white Gaussian noise, the sample rate for receiving signal is 16MHz, TsFor sampling week
Phase Ts=0.0625ms, over-sampling the multiple OverSample=16, A for receiving signal relative symbol rate are fading channel system
Number can influence the signal-to-noise ratio for receiving signal.
Signal will be received and be transformed into phase field, Preamble is detected in phase field：
Phase (n)=angle (r (n))/π (16)
PhaseDiff (n)=Phase (n)-Phase (n-16) (17)
Wherein Phase (n) indicates to receive the phase of signal r (n)；PhaseDiff (n) indicates to receive the phase of signal r (n)
Difference sequence；PhaseDiffMean (n) indicates the average value of PhaseDiff；PhaseDiffCorr (n) indicates to receive signal
The correlation of phase difference sequence and local sequence；The local sequence of α (m) (m=0 ..., 767) expressions, α (m) ∈ { -1 ,+1 },
The length of 768, Fig. 3 show the waveform of local sequence α (m)；Sign { } is sign function：
The calculating for receiving the phase difference sequence and the correlation of local sequence of signal, is calculated based on sliding window, window
The length M=768 of mouth, one correlation of each window calculation；Include BLE LE Coded PHY's when receiving signal
When Preamble, the peak value of the sequence of correlation values has just and has negative, and periodic feature is presented, period size P=128；Work as detection
When being more than a preset thresholding 400 close to the absolute value of the positive negative peak of P and the peak value to 4 periods, it is believed that
Detect Preamble；Fig. 4 show the waveform of phase difference and the correlation of local sequence.
Step 2：After Preamble is detected, the sampling point position of sign synchronization is determined, according to phase difference at this time
Sub-sequence estimation receives the frequency shift (FS) of signal.
According to receive the phase difference sequence of signal and the corresponding sampling point position of the local peak value of correlation of sequence and
Relationship between sign synchronization sampling point position determines that the position of the sign synchronization sampled point corresponding to a nearest peak value is
PacketStartPoint
PacketStartPoint=n-9+768 (21)
Wherein n indicates the position for the corresponding sampled point of a nearest peak value that (19) formula is calculated.Frequency offset estimation is：
Above formula indicates, on the basis of PacketStartPoint, L sampled point of biased forwards is used since the sampled point
Estimated value of the average value of N number of phase difference as frequency shift (FS) cfo.Offset L sampled point purpose be：Ensure in no frequency
In the case that rate is deviated with noise, the estimated value of cfo is 0.
Step 3：After frequency offset compensation, on the basis of sign synchronization sampled point, with character rate sampled signal, calculate
The correlation of time-domain signal and local signal observes the signal characteristic of the correlation, Access Address is detected, by as follows
Process is realized：
First, the cfo estimated by the frequency mixer compensation process 2 by digital front-end
Y (n)=exp (- jncfo) r (n) (23)
Wherein y (n) is the sample sequence for receiving signal r (n) and compensating gained signal after cfo.After cfo compensation, with
PacketStartPoint is starting point, searches for Access Address, calculates correlation：
Wherein x (k) is the corresponding time domain sequences of Access Address locally reconstructed, K=256.Ignore GFSK signals
The intersymbol phase interference of adjacent transmission, x (k) can be with approximate representation
Wherein α (q), q=0 ..., k-1 indicate that Access Address are by after convolutional encoding in LE Coded PHY
Obtained sequence.In LE coded PHY, h=0.5, the result of (13) formula is to belong to set { -1 ,+1,-j ,+j }, therefore
(25) calculating of formula does not need multiplication calculating.
Using step (2) obtained PacketStartPoint as starting point, calculated in a search window
AccessCorr (n) obtains the maximum related value in the search window by comparing
max{AccessCorr(n)} (26)
If max { AccessCorr (n) } is more than a preset thresholding, then it is assumed that detect Access
Address, corresponding sampling point position are AccessStartPoint.If in the search window, max { AccessCorr
(n) } it is not greater than the preset thresholding, then reenters step (1), detects Preamble.
Step 4：After Access Address are detected, the synchronous sampling point position of Access Address is obtained, with
On the basis of this, the initial position of PDU is determined.According to the obtained AccessStartPoint and Access Address of step 3
The length of sequence obtains the initial position of PDU
PDUStartPoint=AccessStartPoint+256+40 (27)
Wherein, PDUStartPoint is the position of PDU starting sample points, and 256 be the length of Access Address sequences
Degree, 40 be the sum of the length of CI and TERM1 in the PHY data packets of LE Coded shown in Fig. 2.
By the performance of the data packet detection method of the Computer Simulation verification present invention, gaussian additive noise (AWGN) is considered
Channel, the data packet format that the format of data packet is the LE Coded PHY in Bluetooth 5.Simulation result shows in SNR
When=3dB, the detection probability that the detection probability of targeting sequencing is 98%, Access Address is 98%；In SNR=4dB,
The detection probability that the detection probability of targeting sequencing is 99%, Access Address is 99%.
Above by specific implementation mode and embodiment, invention is explained in detail, but these are not composition pair
The limitation of the present invention.Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can also make many deformations and change
Into these also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of data packet detection method of low-power consumption bluetooth LE Coded PHY.It is characterized by comprising four steps：
Step 1 receives signal using over-sampling, in phase field, calculates the phase difference sequence for receiving signal and local sequence
Correlation observes the signal characteristic of the correlation, detection data packet Preamble；
Step 2, after Preamble is detected, the sampling point position of sign synchronization is determined, according to phase difference sequence at this time
Row estimation receives the frequency shift (FS) of signal；
After step 3, frequency offset compensation, on the basis of sign synchronization sampled point, with character rate sampled signal, time domain is calculated
The correlation of signal and local signal observes the signal characteristic of the correlation, detection Access Address；
After step 4, Access Address are detected, the synchronous sampling point position of Access Address is obtained, as
Benchmark determines the initial position of PDU.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the step 1：It receives signal and uses over-sampling, in phase
Domain calculates the correlation of the phase difference sequence and local sequence that receive signal, observes the signal characteristic of the correlation, testing number
According to packet Preamble, realized by following process：
Wherein PhaseDiffCorr (n) indicates to receive the correlation of the phase difference sequence and local sequence of signal；α (m) (m=
0 ..., M-1) indicate local sequence, the length of M；PhaseDiff (n+m) indicates to receive the phase difference sequence of signal；
Sign { } is sign function；
The calculating for receiving the phase difference sequence and the correlation of local sequence of signal, is calculated based on sliding window, window
Length is M, one correlation of each window calculation；It, should when receiving Preamble of the signal comprising BLE LE Coded PHY
The peak value of sequence of correlation values has just and has negative, and periodic feature is presented, period size is P；When detecting continuous multiple periods etc.
In P peak value and the peak value be more than a preset thresholding when, it is believed that detect Preamble.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the step 2：After Preamble is detected, determine
The sampling point position of sign synchronization receives the frequency shift (FS) of signal according to phase difference sequence estimation at this time, passes through following mistake
Cheng Shixian：
According to the position of the phase difference sequence for receiving signal sampled point corresponding with the local peak value of correlation of sequence and symbol
Relationship between the position of synchronous sampling point determines that the position of the sign synchronization sampled point corresponding to a nearest peak value is
PacketStartPoint.Frequency shift (FS) cfo's is estimated as：
Above formula indicates that on the basis of PacketStartPoint, L sampled point of biased forwards, since the sampled point, use is N number of
Estimated value of the average value of phase difference as frequency shift (FS) cfo.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the step 3：It is same with symbol after frequency offset compensation
On the basis of walking sampled point, with character rate sampled signal, the correlation of time-domain signal and local signal is calculated, the correlation is observed
Signal characteristic, detect Access Address, realized by following process：
First, the cfo estimated by the frequency mixer compensation process 3 by digital front-end；After cfo has been compensated, correlation is calculated
Wherein y (n+k) is the sample sequence of gained signal after receiving signal compensation cfo；X (k) is the Access locally reconstructed
The corresponding time domain sequences of Address；Using PacketStartPoint as starting point, AccessCorr is calculated in a search window
(n), the maximum related value in the search window is obtained by comparing
max{AccessCorr(n)}
If max { AccessCorr (n) } is more than a preset thresholding, then it is assumed that detect Access Address,
Its corresponding sampling point position is AccessStartPoint.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the step 4：After Access Address are detected,
The synchronous sampling point position for obtaining Access Address determines the initial position of PDU as benchmark, passes through following process
It realizes：
According to the length of AccessStartPoint and Access Address sequences, the initial position of PDU is obtained
PDUStartPoint=AccessStartPoint+AccessAddressLength+40
Wherein PDUStartPoint is the position of PDU starting sample points, and AccessAddressLength is Access
The length of Address sequences.
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| CN109347055A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-02-15 | 紫光测控有限公司 | A kind of phase difference compensation method and compensation system based on frequency sampling |
| CN109474920A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-03-15 | 上海华虹集成电路有限责任公司 | A kind of detection method of low-power consumption bluetooth data packet |
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| CN111432435B (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2022-07-15 | 南京英锐创电子科技有限公司 | Bluetooth receiving device, Bluetooth communication method and electronic equipment |
| CN111970673A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2020-11-20 | 易兆微电子(杭州)股份有限公司 | Bluetooth timing synchronization method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
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| CN112769723B (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-16 | 易兆微电子(杭州)股份有限公司 | Signal synchronization position determining method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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| CN114050845B (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2023-03-14 | 思澈科技(上海)有限公司 | Coherent demodulation method of Bluetooth EDR receiver |
| CN114697941A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-07-01 | 深圳智微电子科技有限公司 | Low-power consumption Bluetooth baseband receiving method |
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