CN108678744B - Mining method for excavating inclined manganese ore layer in ore body by using movable shield support - Google Patents
Mining method for excavating inclined manganese ore layer in ore body by using movable shield support Download PDFInfo
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- CN108678744B CN108678744B CN201810437656.8A CN201810437656A CN108678744B CN 108678744 B CN108678744 B CN 108678744B CN 201810437656 A CN201810437656 A CN 201810437656A CN 108678744 B CN108678744 B CN 108678744B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
Abstract
The invention relates to a mining method for excavating an inclined manganese ore layer in an ore body by a movable shield support, which comprises the steps of exploring the ore body, excavating a return airway and a transportation airway in the ore body and a recovery airway communicated with the return airway, arranging a shield support body in the recovery airway, forming a working space in the shield support body, moving the shield support body, enabling the working space to move along a recovery working face, excavating manganese ore in the working space and enabling the manganese ore to be sent out through the transportation airway; by adopting the technical scheme of the invention, only the return airway, the transportation lane and the recovery lane need to be tunneled, the mining operation process is simplified, the tunneling operation time of the tunnel is saved, the labor efficiency is improved, fresh air can continuously flow into the recovery lane through the return airway or the transportation lane, the operation environment and the operation safety in the recovery lane are ensured, the mining operation on the inclined manganese ore layer can be continuously maintained, the mining operation efficiency is improved, the shield body can be repeatedly used, and the supporting operation raw materials are saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mining, and particularly relates to a mining method for excavating an inclined manganese ore layer in an ore body by using a movable shield support.
Background
In the prior art, mining methods such as an open stope mining method, a caving mining method, an ore shrinkage mining method, a filling mining method and the like are generally adopted for mining a manganese ore layer, wherein the open stope mining method is most widely applied, and is a mining method for supporting a mined-out area mainly by means of the stability of surrounding rocks or a small number of ore pillars and artificial pillars in the stoping process. When the open stope mining method is used, the requirement on the stability of the ore body surrounding rock is high, but if a manganese ore layer in an ore body is in an inclined state relative to a horizontal plane, the stability of the ore body surrounding rock is poor, roof collapse accidents easily occur, great safety risks exist, and meanwhile, the resource recovery rate is low, the tunneling rate is high, and the production efficiency of mining enterprises is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a mining method for excavating an inclined manganese ore layer in an ore body by using a movable shield support.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a mining method for excavating an inclined manganese ore layer in an ore body by using a movable shield support, which mainly comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and (3) exploring an ore body: finding a geological body with mining value at a certain geographic position as an ore body, wherein a manganese ore layer inclined relative to a horizontal plane is arranged in the ore body, one end, relatively far away from the ground, of the manganese ore layer is used as the upper end of the ore layer, and one end, relatively near to the ground, of the manganese ore layer is used as the lower end of the ore layer;
step two: excavating and tunneling the ore body to form a return air roadway on the outer surface of the ore body corresponding to the upper end of the ore layer in the step one, and excavating and tunneling the ore body to form a transport roadway on the outer surface of the ore body corresponding to the lower end of the ore layer in the step one;
step three: excavating a stoping roadway along the extending direction of the manganese ore layer in the first step, wherein two ends of the stoping roadway are respectively communicated with the return airway and the transportation roadway in the second step, and the inner bottom wall of the stoping roadway is used as a stoping working face;
step four: preparing a plurality of shield supports, paving all the shield supports on the top wall and the side wall of the stoping roadway in parallel along the direction from the upper end of the ore layer to the lower end of the ore layer in the step one, wherein any two adjacent shield supports are connected together through strip-shaped timber to form a shield support, then using a single hydraulic prop to prop the set of shield supports against the top wall and the side wall of the stoping roadway, and then using a plurality of steel wire ropes to connect all the shield supports on the same wall surface in the stoping roadway together, so that the stoping working surface and two sets of shield supports surround to form a working space respectively;
step five: mining manganese ore below the stope face in the working space in the step four, and conveying the manganese ore out of an ore body through the transportation lane;
step six: after the mining of the manganese ore in the working space is finished, moving the shield body in the fourth step along the direction from the upper end of the ore layer to the lower end of the ore layer in the first step for a distance equal to the whole length of the shield body, and enabling the stope face and the moved shield body to surround to form a new working space;
step seven: and repeating the fifth step to the sixth step, so that the working spaces move from the upper end of the ore bed to the lower end of the ore bed along the stope face, and the manganese ores excavated in all the working spaces are conveyed out of the ore body through the conveying roadway.
Fifthly, in the working space, the step of mining manganese ore below the stope face further comprises the following steps:
step 1: installing a scraper conveyor in the transportation lane;
step 2: drilling a plurality of borehole holes on the stoping face by using a rock drill along the direction in which the stoping face extends upwards by taking the lower end of the ore bed as a starting point and the upper end of the ore bed as an end point;
and step 3: filling a proper amount of explosive and detonators into the blast hole in the step 2 respectively, connecting all detonator leads together in parallel, igniting the leads, detonating all the detonators and the explosives, and blasting manganese ore out of the stoping face;
and 4, step 4: and (3) paving an enamel chute from the lower end of the ore bed to the upper end of the ore bed along the extending direction of the stope face, so that the manganese ore blasted in the step (3) slides into a transportation roadway along the enamel chute, and then is conveyed to the outside of the ore body through the scraper conveyor in the step (1).
And 2, the depth of the blast hole is 3-5 m.
And 2, arranging the blasthole rows in at least two rows along the extending direction of the stope face, wherein the row interval between every two adjacent rows of blasthole rows is 0.8-1 m.
And 3, the explosive in the step 3 is a secondary rock emulsion explosive.
And fourthly, welding and connecting the shield supports to form a bow-shaped shape by the shield supports.
And step four, the shield support is made of No. 11 miner steel.
And the return airway and the transportation lane are respectively supported by using a paved anchor net, sprayed concrete and a single hydraulic prop.
In the fourth step, the shield support comprises at least 15 to 30 shield supports.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by adopting the technical scheme of the invention, a plurality of excavation tunnels do not need to be excavated for the inclined manganese ore layer, and only the return airway, the transportation lane and the stoping lane need to be excavated, so that the excavation rate of the tunnels is greatly reduced, the mining operation process is simplified, the excavation operation time of the tunnels is saved, and the labor efficiency is improved; because two ends of the recovery roadway are respectively communicated with the return air roadway and the transportation roadway, fresh air can continuously flow into the recovery roadway through the return air roadway or the transportation roadway, the operation environment of the recovery roadway is ensured, the recovery roadway is supported in a mode of moving the shield body, the personal safety of mining operation personnel is effectively protected, the mining operation on the inclined manganese ore layer can be continuously maintained, the mining operation efficiency is improved, the shield body can be repeatedly used, and the raw materials of the supporting operation are saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the arrangement structure of the return airway, the transportation lane and the recovery lane.
In the figure: 1-return airway, 2-transport airway, 3-manganese ore layer, 4-shield body, 5-surrounding rock, 8-scraper conveyor and 9-advance support.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the described.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides a mining method for excavating an inclined manganese ore layer in an ore body by using a movable shield support, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and (3) exploring an ore body: finding a geological body with mining value at a certain geographic position as an ore body, wherein a manganese ore layer inclined relative to a horizontal plane is arranged in the ore body, one end, relatively far away from the ground, of the manganese ore layer is used as the upper end of the ore layer, and one end, relatively close to the ground, of the manganese ore layer is used as the lower end of the ore layer;
step two: excavating and tunneling the ore body into the ore body to form a return air roadway on the outer surface of the ore body corresponding to the upper end of the ore layer in the step one, and excavating and tunneling the ore body into the ore body to form a transportation roadway on the outer surface of the ore body corresponding to the lower end of the ore layer in the step one; and the return airway and the transportation lane are respectively supported by using a paved anchor net, sprayed concrete and a single hydraulic prop.
Step three: excavating a stoping roadway along the extending direction of the manganese ore layer in the first step, wherein two ends of the stoping roadway are respectively communicated with the return airway and the transportation roadway in the second step, and the inner bottom wall of the stoping roadway serves as a stoping working face;
step four: preparing a plurality of shield supports, paving all the shield supports on the top wall and the side wall of the stoping roadway in parallel along the direction from the upper end of the ore layer to the lower end of the ore layer in the step one, wherein any two adjacent shield supports are connected together through strip-shaped timber to form a shield support, then using a single hydraulic prop to prop the set of shield supports against the top wall and the side wall of the stoping roadway, and then using a plurality of steel wire ropes to connect all the shield supports on the same wall surface in the stoping roadway together, so that a stoping working face and two sets of shield supports surround to form a working space respectively; furthermore, the number of the steel wire ropes is preferably 4, and the shield body is welded and connected by the shield support to form a bow-shaped shape. Furthermore, the three inner angles of the arch-shaped shield body are respectively set to be 125 degrees, 135 degrees and 145 degrees, the joints among the shield supports are reinforced by steel plates, and meanwhile, a plurality of groups of bolt holes are drilled in the shield supports and used for fixing steel wire ropes, and the shield bodies are connected together through the steel wire ropes.
The shield support is made of 11 # miner steel. The shield body comprises at least 15 to 30 shield supports. In the actual engineering, when the shield body is moved, only 5 to 10 shield supports on one side of the shield body close to the upper end of the ore bed need to be removed, the shield supports are laid on one side of the shield body close to the lower end of the ore bed, and then the single hydraulic supports and the steel wire ropes are used for forming a new shield body, and it needs to be noted that when the method is adopted, the number of the shield supports which do not need to be removed in the shield body is kept within 10 to 20 at least to ensure the construction safety.
Step five: in the working space of the fourth step, manganese ore is excavated below the stope face, so that the manganese ore is conveyed out of the ore body through a conveying roadway;
step six: after the mining of the manganese ore in the working space is finished, the shield body moves a distance equal to the whole length of the shield body along the direction from the upper end of the ore bed to the lower end of the ore bed, and the stope face and the moved shield body surround to form a new working space respectively;
step seven: and repeating the fifth step to the sixth step to enable the working space to move from the upper end of the ore bed to the lower end of the ore bed along the stoping working face, and conveying the manganese ores obtained by mining in all the working spaces out of the ore body through a conveying roadway.
By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, a plurality of excavation tunnels do not need to be excavated for the inclined manganese ore layer, and only the return airway, the transportation lane and the stoping lane need to be excavated, so that the excavation rate of the tunnels is greatly reduced, the mining operation process is simplified, the excavation operation time of the tunnels is saved, and the labor efficiency is improved; because two ends of the recovery roadway are respectively communicated with the return air roadway and the transportation roadway, fresh air can continuously flow into the recovery roadway through the return air roadway or the transportation roadway, the operation environment of the recovery roadway is ensured, the recovery roadway is supported in a mode of moving the shield body, the personal safety of mining operation personnel is effectively protected, the mining operation on the inclined manganese ore layer can be continuously maintained, the mining operation efficiency is improved, the shield body can be repeatedly used, and the raw materials of the supporting operation are saved.
Further, in the working space, the mining of manganese ore to the position below the stope face further comprises the following steps:
step 1: installing a scraper conveyor in the transportation lane;
step 2: drilling a plurality of borehole holes on a stoping face by using a rock drill along the direction extending upwards from the stoping face by taking the lower end of the ore bed as a starting point and the upper end of the ore bed as an end point; further, the blasthole is arranged into at least two rows along the extending direction of the stope face, and the row spacing between two adjacent rows of blasthole is 0.8-1 meter. The depth of the blast hole is 3 to 5 meters. Furthermore, the blasthole holes can be arranged in a manner of a five-flower-hole shuttle, and the distance between any two adjacent blasthole holes is 0.6-0.8 m.
And step 3: respectively filling a proper amount of explosive and detonators into the blast hole, connecting all detonator leads together in parallel, igniting the leads, detonating all detonators and the explosives, and blasting manganese ore out of the stoping face; further, the explosive is preferably a secondary rock emulsion explosive.
And 4, step 4: and paving an enamel chute from the lower end of the ore bed to the upper end of the ore bed along the extending direction of the stope face, so that the blasted manganese ore slides into the transportation roadway along the enamel chute and is conveyed to the outside of the ore body through a scraper conveyor.
Claims (7)
1. A mining method for excavating an inclined manganese ore layer in an ore body by using a movable shield support is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and (3) exploring an ore body: finding a geological body with mining value at a certain geographic position as an ore body, wherein a manganese ore layer inclined relative to a horizontal plane is arranged in the ore body, one end, relatively far away from the ground, of the manganese ore layer is used as the upper end of the ore layer, and one end, relatively near to the ground, of the manganese ore layer is used as the lower end of the ore layer;
step two: excavating and tunneling the ore body to form a return air roadway on the outer surface of the ore body corresponding to the upper end of the ore layer in the step one, and excavating and tunneling the ore body to form a transport roadway on the outer surface of the ore body corresponding to the lower end of the ore layer in the step one;
step three: excavating a stoping roadway along the extending direction of the manganese ore layer in the first step, wherein two ends of the stoping roadway are respectively communicated with the return airway and the transportation roadway in the second step, and the inner bottom wall of the stoping roadway is used as a stoping working face;
step four: preparing a plurality of shield supports, paving all the shield supports on the top wall and the side wall of the stoping roadway in parallel along the direction from the upper end of the ore layer to the lower end of the ore layer in the first step, wherein any two adjacent shield supports are connected together through strip-shaped timber to form a shield support, then using a single hydraulic prop to prop the set of shield supports against the top wall and the side wall of the stoping roadway, and then using a plurality of steel wire ropes to connect all the shield supports on the same wall surface in the stoping roadway together, so that the stoping working surface and two sets of shield supports surround to form a working space respectively, and in the fourth step, the shield support comprises at least 15 to 30 shield supports;
step five: mining manganese ore below the stope face in the working space in the step four, and conveying the manganese ore out of an ore body through the transportation lane; fifthly, in the working space, the step of mining manganese ore below the stope face further comprises the following steps:
step 1: installing a scraper conveyor in the transportation lane;
step 2: drilling a plurality of borehole holes on the stoping face by using a rock drill along the direction in which the stoping face extends upwards by taking the lower end of the ore bed as a starting point and the upper end of the ore bed as an end point;
and step 3: filling a proper amount of explosive and detonators into the blast hole in the step 2 respectively, connecting all detonator leads together in parallel, igniting the leads, detonating all the detonators and the explosives, and blasting manganese ore out of the stoping face;
and 4, step 4: paving an enamel chute from the lower end of the ore bed to the upper end of the ore bed along the extending direction of the stope face, so that the manganese ore blasted in the step 3 slides into a transportation roadway along the enamel chute, and then is conveyed to the outside of the ore body through the scraper conveyor in the step 1;
step six: after the mining of the manganese ore in the working space is finished, moving the shield body in the fourth step along the direction from the upper end of the ore layer to the lower end of the ore layer in the first step for a distance equal to the whole length of the shield body, and enabling the stope face and the moved shield body to surround to form a new working space;
step seven: and repeating the fifth step to the sixth step, so that the working spaces move from the upper end of the ore bed to the lower end of the ore bed along the stope face, and the manganese ores excavated in all the working spaces are conveyed out of the ore body through the conveying roadway.
2. A mining method of moving shield supports to extract inclined manganese deposits in a mine body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and 2, the depth of the blast hole is 3-5 m.
3. A mining method of moving shield supports to extract inclined manganese deposits in a mine body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and 2, arranging the blasthole rows in at least two rows along the extending direction of the stope face, wherein the row interval between every two adjacent rows of blasthole rows is 0.8-1 m.
4. A mining method of moving shield supports to extract inclined manganese deposits in a mine body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and 3, the explosive in the step 3 is a secondary rock emulsion explosive.
5. A mining method of moving shield supports to extract inclined manganese deposits in a mine body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and fourthly, welding and connecting the shield supports to form a bow-shaped shape by the shield supports.
6. A mining method of moving shield supports to extract inclined manganese deposits in a mine body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and step four, the shield support is made of No. 11 miner steel.
7. A mining method of moving shield supports to extract inclined manganese deposits in a mine body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the return airway and the transportation lane are respectively supported by using a paved anchor net, sprayed concrete and a single hydraulic prop.
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| CN100494627C (en) * | 2005-03-03 | 2009-06-03 | 开滦（集团）有限责任公司 | Coal-mining method of high-dipping thick seam |
| CN101469612B (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2011-09-07 | 孙世超 | Mining method for segmented metallic ore |
| CN103775085B (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2016-09-07 | 山东华硕能源科技有限公司 | High-dipping medium-thickness seam flexible type shield digging one supporting is without pillar working |
| AU2014200978A1 (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2014-09-18 | Poseidon Nickel Limited | Underground Mining Method |
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