CN108668808A - A kind of method of rice cropping - Google Patents
A kind of method of rice cropping Download PDFInfo
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- CN108668808A CN108668808A CN201810360149.9A CN201810360149A CN108668808A CN 108668808 A CN108668808 A CN 108668808A CN 201810360149 A CN201810360149 A CN 201810360149A CN 108668808 A CN108668808 A CN 108668808A
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- rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of rice cropping；This approach includes the following steps：(1) suitable rice varieties, (2) are selected to cultivate rice shoot, (3) selection proper moment is sowed, (4) reasonably select rice and plant standard, (5) reinforcement to the management of liquid manure and dry field, (6) prevention and control Climatic regionalization, reasonable management and control disease pest and weed；The present invention is strong with Rooting percent, plant injury rate is low, can ensure root, bud harmonic growth, and radical bud is sturdy, it is full to be easy high yield, the grain of rice.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of rice production, specially a kind of method of rice cropping.
Background technology
Rice originates in Tropical Asian, after China widely plants, gradually travels to all over the world.According to different point-scores,
Rice can be divided into long-grained nonglutinous rice and japonica rice, early rice and middle late rice, glutinous rice and non-glutinous rice.After the tied grain of rice decladding of rice claim rice or
Rice, nearly half population, is all food with rice in the world.The eating method of rice is varied, there is rice, congee, rice cake, rice
Cake, rice noodles etc..Rice can also make wine in addition to edible, refine sugar and make the raw material of industry, rice husk, rice straw also have many use.Therefore
It can be said that rice is the basic staple food of people, the plantation of rice and harvest are also to weigh the major criterion of Agricultural Level.
For rice, the quality of rice paddy seed will no doubt directly affect growth and the yield of rice.However, in rice
Planting process in, the cultural method of rice is also vital, and the quality of the cultural method of rice is by direct or indirect shadow
The growth rate of Xiangshui County rice, the health condition by insect pest situation and rice shoot, yield of rice etc..
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of rice cropping, Rooting percent is strong, plant injury rate is low, can ensure root, bud
Harmonic growth, radical bud is sturdy, it is full to be easy high yield, the grain of rice.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions：A kind of method of rice cropping, specifically includes as follows
Step：
(1) suitable rice varieties are selected；For seedling cultivation, there is multiple flows, including germination test, bask seeds,
Seed selection, seed soaking, disinfection, vernalization and seedling etc., correspond to perfect one by one.Meanwhile address and the specification of seedling are conscientiously screened, from
And preferably complete seedling cultivation work；
(2) rice shoot is cultivated, includes mainly germination test, basks seeds, chooses seeds, soaking seed, sterilizing, vernalization and seedling；
(3) it chooses proper moment to be sowed, in the course of cultivation, effectively to control the length of time rice seedlings grow, advocate " newborn transplantation of seedlings ", seedling
The length in age is advisable with being no more than 40 days, in cultivating process, to choose the rice shoot of 3 tillers or more, because of this rice shoot energy
Enough preferably root of hair, speed of turning green is fast, it is not easy to dead leaf occurs and the growth impetus is preferable, can preferably accumulate nutriment；
(4) it reasonably selects rice and plants standard, it is appropriate to adjust the density planted, general guarantor according to the tillering ability of rice
Card rice planting density is 1.5~1.6 ten thousand caves/mu；
(5) reinforce the management to liquid manure and dry field, rationally control the dose of rice, fertilizer will use by stages and in groups, preceding
Light after weight, the later stage focuses on the supplement of phosphorus potash fertilizer；When dry field, sufficient seedling stage drains dry field, and panicle primordium dif ferentiation stage shallow water often fills, flowering of earing
Phase keeps water layer, and be in the milk milk stage alternation of wetting and drying；
(6) prevention and control Climatic regionalization will be irrigated rationally, by irrigating come climate comfort, can also be dropped by spraying water
Temperature；
(7) rationally management and control disease pest and weed sprays rice field with less toxic efficient drug, pre- pest control；Scientifical use
Herbicide is closed, early medication before paying attention to bud, and repeatedly closing and cauline leaf process are combined.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：A kind of method of rice cropping arranges rational fertilising
Step and fertilization type increase the ratio of organic fertilizer in base manure, can enrich and supplement soil nutrient, promote rice shoot early raw fast
Hair；It is additionally additionally arranged ear manuer, granulated fertilizer and Selenium-rich nutrient solution, the links that can grow up in rice shoot supplement nutrient, increase production
Amount；Invalid tiller is rationally controlled, lodging tolerance is further promoted, while absorption of the rice to nutrition can be promoted, is effectively changed
The upgrowth situation of kind rice root, more conducively root system are pricked downwards, and then promote the yield of rice.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment present invention provides the following technical solutions：A kind of method of rice cropping, specifically comprises the following steps：
(1) suitable rice varieties are selected to select the improved seeds that disease resistance is good, has coating, together during selection
When fully to combine objective circumstances, rice varieties that selection is adapted with territorial environment, and then promote the yield of rice；
(2) rice shoot is cultivated, includes mainly germination test, basks seeds, chooses seeds, soaking seed, sterilizing, vernalization and seedling；
(3) it chooses proper moment to be sowed, in the course of cultivation, effectively to control the length of time rice seedlings grow, advocate " newborn transplantation of seedlings ", seedling
The length in age is advisable with being no more than 40 days, in cultivating process, to choose the rice shoot of 3 tillers or more, because of this rice shoot energy
Enough preferably root of hair, speed of turning green is fast, it is not easy to and there is dead leaf and the growth impetus is preferable, can preferably accumulate nutriment,
Effectively realize rice high yield；
(4) it reasonably selects rice and plants standard, during transplanting seedlings, to targetedly select rice and plant standard,
The density planted effectively is reduced when the selection stronger rice of tillering ability.Guarantee rice planting density is 1.5~1.6 ten thousand caves/mu, often
4~6, cave stem tiller seedling, the basic stem tiller seedling of 8~90,000/mu；In practical cultivation, the narrow strain Planting Patterns of wide row can be applied,
It is general to keep 25~30cm of line-spacing, 13~16cm of spacing in the rows.Line-spacing can be expanded in conjunction with actual conditions, reduce spacing in the rows, while to have
Effect adjustment ventilation and translucency administer pest and disease damage；
(5) reinforce the management to liquid manure and dry field, it is very necessary for the management of rice moisture, it is ensured that tillering stage shallow water
Frequent irrigation, sufficient seedling stage drain dry field, and panicle primordium dif ferentiation stage shallow water often fills, and heading flowering period keeps water layer, and be in the milk milk stage alternation of wetting and drying；
It is extremely important to the draining dry field link before ear differentiation after rice plant of tillering stage；Invalid tiller can be rationally controlled, into one
Step promotes lodging tolerance, while can promote absorption of the rice to nutrition, is effectively improved the upgrowth situation of rice root, more conducively
Root system is pricked downwards, and then promotes the yield of rice；In the course of cultivation, the dose of rice is rationally controlled, fertilizer will be by stages
It uses in batches, preceding heavy rear light, the later stage focuses on the supplement etc. of phosphorus potash fertilizer；In addition, silicon and the micro- fertile yield and product to rice of two kinds of zinc
Matter is affected；
Base fertilizer：Mainly based on organic fertilizer, it is aided with quick-acting fertilizer.2000~3000 kilograms+urea of general mu organic fertilizer 7~
30~40 kilograms of 8 kilograms, 30~40 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, 8~10 kilograms of potassium chloride or balanced type composite fertilizer；
Tillering fertilizer：Application early is played the role of increasing fringe to promote the growth of low section tiller after transplanting is turned green, can be at twice
It carries out.For the first time after turning green, mu applies urea or 7~8 kilograms of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer plays rush with moderate amount of sulfuric acid calcium, zinc sulfate is applied
Tiller acts on；7~8 kilograms of urea or high-nitrogen compound fertilizer are applied in tillering regularity mu for the second time, ensures that full field growth is neat, plays guarantor's tiller
It is acted at fringe；
Ear manuer：After rice dry field, ear manuer should be applied in time, promote young spike development, ear manuer application is preferably before Feng Hangzhi jointing
It carries out, preferably when 1~2 phase of ear differentiation, 8~10 jin of 20 jin or so+urea of potassium chloride of mu；
Granulated fertilizer：5~7 days before cut, if leaf fringe green excessively it is light can this is unfavorable to grouting, the holding of greenery in later stage, this
When mu apply 3~5 jin of urea, avoid cut heading after leaf presenility it is too fast；
Foliage spray：Rice can mix foliar fertilizer and chased after outside root in jointing to pustulation period in conjunction with diseases prevention deinsectization medication
Fertilizer.Phosphorus potassium resource library, urea, siliceous fertilizer, boron fertilizer etc. may be selected in fertilizer, and fertile critical period application is needed in cut, booting, heading etc.；
(6) prevention and control Climatic regionalization can inevitably encounter hot weather for paddy growth, if the excessively high meeting of temperature
So that the acarpous problem of rice is more serious, if temperature is excessively high, with regard to will appear Climatic regionalization problem；In order to effectively solve this
On the one hand one problem will be irrigated rationally, by irrigating come climate comfort；On the other hand, can be cooled down by spraying water.This
Outside, root outer spraying phosphorus potassium resource library can be carried out, can effectively promote resistance of the rice to high temperature in this way, and then reduce high temperature
Heat evil；
(7) rationally management and control disease pest and weed first has to have certain understanding to it for pest and disease damage, and disease pest harm is occurring
Early period will administer.Adhere to the basic principle of putting prevention first and combining prevention with control.Rice field is sprayed with less toxic efficient drug,
But remaining pesticide on rice is cleared up after sprinkling, prevents 2 pollutions to human body；For crop smothering, have to
Pay attention to scientifical use herbicide, closed before paying attention to bud, early medication, repeatedly closing and cauline leaf process are combined.
Usually seed is sprouted to the new seed of rice on rice a breeding cycle for being produced as rice, that is, gives birth to
Phase.Breeding time can be divided into Seedling Stage, period of seedling establishment, tillering stage, long ear period (Jointing stage), and productive phase, rice each breeding time is to ring
The requirement in border is as follows：
Seedling Stage
Seed soaking germination, the temperature Shi Indica rice that needs to germinate are 12 DEG C, and stalk rice is 10 DEG C, 30~32 DEG C of thermophilic, maximum temperature
Up to 40~42 DEG C, but it is minimum during seedling cannot be below 5 DEG C, will appear rotten kind, rotten bud and seedling rot at low temperature；Emergence
And the temperature of growth of seedling is than high 14 DEG C of the 2 DEG C of ,, that is, Indica rice of germinateing, and obstructs 12 DEG C of rice, Indica, stalk rice all can smoothly emerge Shang 16 DEG C of Yi.
Tillering stage
Most suitable temperature is 30~32 DEG C, 32~34 DEG C of optimum water temperature.Low temperature makes tiller postpone, and influences the effective of total tiller
Spike number；Tillering stage needs sufficient sunlight, to improve the rate of photosynthisis of blade, manufactures organic matter, promotes to increase tiller number.
Tillering stage is period most sensitive to water, and shallow water is most beneficial for tiller.But field is excessively dry, water-holding capacity 70% with
When lower, tiller can be stopped.
Long ear period
The thermophilic of ear differentiation is 26~30 DEG C, and with 35 DEG C round the clock, 25 DEG C of night temperature is more advantageous into big fringe.
Sufficient illumination is conducive to ear differentiation, if rainy days is more, sunshine is few, envelope, which went Sheng, can influence Spike development.
Ear differentiation is to be needed especially in pollen mother cell meiosis in the period for rice all one's life needing water most to heading
Water is most sensitive, so having to keep field capacity 90% or more in this period.
Productive phase
The general grouting temperature that is most suitable for is 20~22 DEG C, 29 DEG C of daytime temperature after 15 days before grouting, 19 DEG C of night temperature, day samming
Degree is advisable for 24 DEG C.15 days with 20 DEG C of daytime temperature afterwards, 16 DEG C of night temperature, day samming be 18 DEG C preferably.
Sufficient illumination can improve the yield of rice to a certain extent, and the substantial substance of rice grain, 90% or more comes
Derived from photosynthate.
Pustulation period moisture content is only second to jointing, long fringe, the moisture content in tillering stage, as moisture content deficiency can influence blade assimilative capacicy
With the transport of Filling material, grouting deficiency causes the underproduction.
The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention, the technology of the industry
Personnel are not it should be appreciated that the present invention is limited by above-mentioned implementation 1, and the above embodiments and description only describe this hairs
Bright principle, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these variations
It all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention with improvement, the claimed scope of the invention is by appended claims and its waits
Effect object defines.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method of rice cropping, it is characterised in that specifically comprise the following steps：
(1) suitable rice varieties are selected to select the improved seeds that disease resistance is good, has coating during selection, want simultaneously
Objective circumstances, the rice varieties that selection is adapted with territorial environment are fully combined, and then promote the yield of rice；
(2) rice shoot is cultivated, includes mainly germination test, basks seeds, chooses seeds, soaking seed, sterilizing, vernalization and seedling；
(3) it chooses proper moment to be sowed, in the course of cultivation, effectively to control the length of time rice seedlings grow, advocate " newborn transplantation of seedlings ", the length of time rice seedlings grow
Length is advisable with being no more than 40 days, in cultivating process, to choose the rice shoot of 3 tillers or more, because this rice shoot can be more
Root of hair well, speed of turning green are fast, it is not easy to dead leaf occur and the growth impetus is preferable, can preferably accumulate nutriment；
(4) it reasonably selects rice and plants standard, it is appropriate to adjust the density planted, general warranty water according to the tillering ability of rice
Rice planting density is 1.5~1.6 ten thousand caves/mu；
(5) reinforce management to liquid manure and dry field, rationally control the dose of rice, fertilizer will use by stages and in groups, it is preceding it is heavy after
Gently, the later stage focuses on the supplement of phosphorus potash fertilizer；When dry field, sufficient seedling stage drains dry field, and panicle primordium dif ferentiation stage shallow water often fills, and heading flowering period is protected
Water holding layer, be in the milk milk stage alternation of wetting and drying；
(6) prevention and control Climatic regionalization will be irrigated rationally, by irrigating come climate comfort, can also be cooled down by spraying water；
(7) rationally management and control disease pest and weed sprays rice field with less toxic efficient drug, pre- pest control；Scientifical use weeding
Agent is closed, early medication before paying attention to bud, and repeatedly closing and cauline leaf process are combined.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810360149.9A CN108668808A (en) | 2018-04-20 | 2018-04-20 | A kind of method of rice cropping |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810360149.9A CN108668808A (en) | 2018-04-20 | 2018-04-20 | A kind of method of rice cropping |
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| CN108668808A true CN108668808A (en) | 2018-10-19 |
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| CN201810360149.9A Pending CN108668808A (en) | 2018-04-20 | 2018-04-20 | A kind of method of rice cropping |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109618849A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-04-16 | 潘典进 | A kind of south indica hybrid rice yield-increasing cultivation method |
| CN111374009A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-07-07 | 柳有河 | Breeding method capable of treating seedless and shell-fried rice |
| CN111837841A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-30 | 海南广凌农业集团有限公司 | Cultivation method suitable for hot-zone hybrid rice |
| CN113079985A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-09 | 中国水稻研究所 | Key cultivation method for improving heat resistance of rice and application of key cultivation method in improving heat resistance of rice |
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| CN2216325Y (en) * | 1995-04-24 | 1996-01-03 | 海林市科学技术委员会 | Transplanting disc for rice seedlings |
| CN1370400A (en) * | 2001-02-22 | 2002-09-25 | 余姚市机电排灌站 | No water layer rice irrigating method |
| CN104996246A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-10-28 | 江苏田娘农业科技有限公司 | Cultivation method for organic rice |
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2018
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2216325Y (en) * | 1995-04-24 | 1996-01-03 | 海林市科学技术委员会 | Transplanting disc for rice seedlings |
| CN1370400A (en) * | 2001-02-22 | 2002-09-25 | 余姚市机电排灌站 | No water layer rice irrigating method |
| CN104996246A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-10-28 | 江苏田娘农业科技有限公司 | Cultivation method for organic rice |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 付久才: "水稻直播栽培技术", 《北方水稻》 * |
| 闵元军: "水稻丰产栽培关键性技术", 《乡村科技》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109618849A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-04-16 | 潘典进 | A kind of south indica hybrid rice yield-increasing cultivation method |
| CN111374009A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-07-07 | 柳有河 | Breeding method capable of treating seedless and shell-fried rice |
| CN111837841A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-30 | 海南广凌农业集团有限公司 | Cultivation method suitable for hot-zone hybrid rice |
| CN113079985A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-09 | 中国水稻研究所 | Key cultivation method for improving heat resistance of rice and application of key cultivation method in improving heat resistance of rice |
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