CN108666053B - Bonding method of hollow porcelain insulator - Google Patents
Bonding method of hollow porcelain insulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN108666053B CN108666053B CN201810426861.4A CN201810426861A CN108666053B CN 108666053 B CN108666053 B CN 108666053B CN 201810426861 A CN201810426861 A CN 201810426861A CN 108666053 B CN108666053 B CN 108666053B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B19/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing insulators or insulating bodies
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- C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
- C09J5/02—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers involving pretreatment of the surfaces to be joined
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Abstract
The invention relates to a bonding method of hollow porcelain insulators, which comprises the steps of firstly processing end faces to be connected of two sections of hollow porcelain insulators, and respectively processing a concave groove and a convex groove which are matched with each other; polishing the end surfaces to be connected with the concave grooves and the convex grooves to enable the end surfaces to be connected to be mirror surfaces; corroding the end surfaces to be connected by using acid liquor so as to form a plurality of uniformly distributed pits on the end surfaces to be connected; and bonding the two sections of hollow porcelain insulators by using the bonding glaze. The bonding method can greatly improve the connection strength between the hollow porcelain insulators by increasing the contact area between the bonding glaze and the connecting surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bonding method of a hollow porcelain insulator, in particular to a bonding method of a hollow porcelain insulator for extra-high voltage or extra-high voltage.
Background
Along with the continuous improvement of the voltage grade of the power transmission and transformation project, the height of the hollow insulator matched with the power transmission and transformation project is increased, for example, the height of an 800kV porcelain insulator product for a switch reaches 10m, and the large outer diameter is respectively 1100 mm. Under the existing technical conditions, the ultra-large porcelain insulator is difficult to be manufactured by adopting an integral forming and sintering mode, but is manufactured by adopting a sectional manufacturing method and finally adopting a certain method for bonding. Common bonding methods include organic bonding and inorganic bonding.
The organic bonding method is mature in technology, is adopted by many manufacturers, is easy to age and becomes a bottleneck problem limiting the service life of the hollow porcelain insulator;
the inorganic bonding method is that the surface to be bonded of the fired hollow porcelain insulator is firstly ground into a V-shaped interface which is matched up and down, then inorganic bonding glaze powder or glaze paste is applied to the V-shaped groove in the lower hollow porcelain insulator, then the upper section porcelain insulator is hung and connected, after all hanging and connection are finished, secondary firing is carried out, the firing temperature is close to the original firing temperature, and at the moment, the bonding glaze can permeate into the connecting part of the upper and lower porcelain pieces between the interfaces, thereby realizing bonding. The inorganic bonding method has high mechanical strength, easy guarantee of form and position tolerance and particularly good ageing resistance, and is popular. However, the inorganic bonding needs secondary sintering, the process is complex, the control is more critical, and the technology is not mature. The bonding process, especially the finish machining of the bonding surface, is the technical core of the inorganic bonding method, and directly influences the quality of the inorganic bonding product. Some patents disclosed now and inorganic bonding operations carried out in relevant factories clearly grind the surface to be bonded into grooves and convex surfaces in a V shape which are matched with each other up and down, but from a more precise angle, the surface to be bonded is further processed deeply, so that the contact surface between the surface to be bonded and the glaze melt is increased, the bonding strength of the product is improved, and the quality of the product is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a bonding method of hollow porcelain insulators, which is used for improving the bonding strength among the hollow porcelain insulators.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the bonding method of the hollow porcelain insulator comprises the following steps:
(1) processing the end surfaces to be connected of the two sections of hollow porcelain insulators to respectively process a concave groove and a convex groove which are matched with each other;
(2) polishing the end surfaces to be connected with the concave grooves and the convex grooves in the step (1) to enable the end surfaces to be connected to be mirror surfaces;
(3) corroding the end surfaces to be connected after the treatment in the step (2) by using acid liquor, so that a plurality of uniformly distributed pits are formed on the end surfaces to be connected;
wherein the acid solution is formed by mixing hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid, the concentration of the hydrochloric acid in the acid solution is 1-10wt%, and the concentration of the hydrofluoric acid in the acid solution is 2-15 wt%; further, when preparing the acid solution, the molar ratio of the hydrochloric acid to the hydrofluoric acid is 1: 3-6;
(4) and (4) bonding the two sections of hollow porcelain insulators processed in the step (3) by using a bonding glaze, and firing.
The key point of the invention is that hydrofluoric acid containing a certain amount of hydrochloric acid is used for corroding the ground surface to be processed to form small holes (pits) with proper size and uniform distribution, the small holes can increase the contact area of the bonding glaze and the connecting end surfaces and increase the contact strength, and the bonding glaze melt can extend into the holes of the two connecting end surfaces at high temperature, namely a plurality of fine support legs are formed, so that better bonding between blank glazes can be realized, the bonding strength is greatly improved, and the product quality is improved.
Further, the following method may be employed for bonding in step (4): positioning a section of processed hollow porcelain insulator in a bottom plate of a bell jar kiln with a removed kiln body, and filling refined bonding glaze powder or bonding glaze paste into a groove, wherein the glaze powder or the glaze paste is at least added to the depth of the groove above 2/3; hoisting the upper hollow porcelain insulator to be bonded on the lower hollow porcelain insulator, and accurately positioning and matching the convex groove and the concave groove of the upper hollow porcelain insulator; and slightly rotating the upper hollow porcelain insulator to enable the two sections of hollow porcelain insulators to be coaxially vertical and evenly distribute the glaze powder or glaze paste on the surface to be bonded. Further, the steps can be repeated, and all the hollow porcelain insulators needing to be bonded are sequentially stacked together.
Further, in the step (1), the concave groove and the convex groove are V-shaped.
Further, in the step (3), the acid solution may be further diluted with water as needed. The acid solution can be prepared by using industrial pure hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid and distilled water, and can also be prepared by using chemical pure or analytically pure hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid reagents.
In step (3), the end surface to be connected of the hollow porcelain insulator is immersed in acid liquor, and after the end surface to be connected is corroded for 1-15min, the end surface to be connected is cleaned for later use.
As another embodiment of the invention, in the step (3), the acid solution is coated on the end surface to be connected of the hollow porcelain insulator, and after the end surface to be connected is corroded for 5-30min, the end surface to be connected is cleaned for later use.
Further, in the step (3), the degreasing cotton dipped with the acid liquor or the water-absorbing non-woven fabric is used for coating the acid liquor on the end face to be connected of the hollow porcelain insulator, and after the end face to be connected is corroded for 5-30min, the end face to be connected is cleaned for later use.
In another embodiment of the present invention, in the step (3), the water-absorbent nonwoven fabric is cut into a shape matching the end surface to be connected of the hollow porcelain insulator, and then the water-absorbent nonwoven fabric is used to absorb acid liquid, and then the water-absorbent nonwoven fabric is attached to the processed surface of the hollow porcelain insulator, and after 5-30min of corrosion, the water-absorbent fabric or paper is removed, and the end surface to be connected is cleaned for use.
The time for dipping the end faces to be connected into the acid solution, and the time for dipping the absorbent cotton dipped with the acid solution and the water-absorbent non-woven fabric to stay in the surfaces to be bonded of the insulators are mainly determined by the concentration of the acid solution and the environmental temperature during construction. The acid concentration is high, the ambient temperature is high, the time is short, otherwise the time is slightly long. The optimum time, of course, should also be determined experimentally in combination with the particular circumstances.
Since the hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid used are very corrosive chemicals, special attention should be paid to their environmental impact. The 3 methods for corroding the end faces to be connected of the porcelain hollow insulators by using acid disclosed by the invention are also methods sequentially adopted in the trial-manufacture process. The direct immersion method is short in time consumption and good in effect, but lifting of a large insulator is not easy, the product is directly lifted into acid liquor, the depth of the product is not well controlled, the acid liquor is too much, the corrosion range is too large, the product can be damaged, and the corrosion range is too small, so that the expected target cannot be achieved. The absorbent cotton or the water-absorbent non-woven fabric is dipped in the acid solution and coated on the surface to be processed, so the operation is convenient, but the acid solution adsorbed on the absorbent cotton or the water-absorbent non-woven fabric has different changes along with different working time, thereby influencing the uniformity of the distribution of the holes. And finally, cutting the non-woven fabric into a shape with the same size as the surface to be bonded, sucking the non-woven fabric into acid liquor, coating the non-woven fabric adsorbed with the acid liquor on the surface to be bonded of the hollow porcelain insulator for 5-30min, and then scrubbing the surface to be bonded of the hollow porcelain insulator by using clean water.
The acid solution containing hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid is extremely corrosive and should be kept from escaping as much as possible. The method is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of dipping absorbent cotton or water-absorbing non-woven fabric into acid liquor or cutting the non-woven fabric into a shape with the same size as that of an adhering surface, sucking the acid liquor and applying the acid liquor on the surface to be adhered of the hollow porcelain insulator, so that the acid liquor basically cannot escape, and finally placing the used absorbent cotton or water-absorbing non-woven fabric in a container filled with lime water, wherein the acid liquor cannot have adverse effects on the environment due to the neutralization effect of acid and alkali.
The cleaning medium used in the cleaning process is 1-5wt% NaOH solution or Na2CO3The solution makes the cleaning more effective, and simultaneously neutralizes acid liquor brought out by the porcelain insulator.
And (3) after the corrosion is finished, placing the absorbent cotton dipped with the acid liquor or the absorbent non-woven fabric in lime water, and recovering. The HF and the HCl can be fixed through the neutralization of acid and alkali, so that the HF and the HCl cannot escape to influence the environment.
Further, the bonding glaze is an inorganic bonding glaze.
According to the bonding method, the contact area between the bonding glaze and the connecting surface is increased, so that the connecting strength between the hollow porcelain insulators can be greatly improved, and the quality of a final product is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the bonding state of an upper section hollow porcelain insulator and a lower section hollow porcelain insulator.
FIG. 2 is a state diagram of the test strip firing process in example 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the test strip of example 1.
Fig. 4 is an SEM image (600 x) of the bonding glaze-insulator junction interface in example 2.
Fig. 5 is an SEM image (1000 x) of the bonding glaze-insulator junction interface in example 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1
Taking out the pug from a factory forming workshop, extruding the test strip and drying. Both the first fired test strip and the second fired test strip are placed on a refractory brick with a round hole in a proper size, and are fired in the same kiln with the corresponding products (as shown in figure 2). The test sample is prepared by cutting the connecting end of unfired test strip into V-shaped convex or concave grooves (see FIG. 3), and grinding into test strips with upper and lower parts capable of matching with each other after firing.
The burnt test strips are finely ground into a shape which can be matched up and down. Then dividing the test strip into two groups, corroding the surface to be bonded of the ground test strip by using a mixed acid solution of 1wt% hydrochloric acid and 5wt% hydrofluoric acid, wiping the V-shaped surface of the test strip by using non-woven fabrics dipped with the mixed acid for about 18min, and then applying bonding glaze. The other group was not etched with mixed acid. After firing, the flexural strength of the bars was measured (as shown in table 1). The results show that the test strip corroded with the mixed acid solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid has a significantly higher resistance than the sample that is not corroded.
TABLE 1 Strength of test strip adhesion interface (MPa)
Example 2
In a plastic basin with the diameter of 83cm and the height of 21.5cm, 10kg of distilled water is firstly added, then 2kg of 40wt% of industrial hydrofluoric acid and 0.5kg of 37wt% of industrial hydrochloric acid are added, the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly, so that the mixed acid with the hydrofluoric acid content of about 6.4wt% and the hydrochloric acid content of about 1.5wt% is prepared, and the cut water-absorbing non-woven fabric is put into the plastic basin and is absorbed by the mixed acid. And then carefully pasting the water-absorbing non-woven fabric which absorbs the mixed acid on the end face to be connected of the hollow porcelain insulator for 20 min. And then, taking down the water-absorbent non-woven fabric, and placing the water-absorbent non-woven fabric into a plastic barrel with lime. Scrubbing the surface to be bonded with an alkali solution containing 2wt% of NaOH, and glazing and firing the surface after drying. It can be seen from the scanning electron microscope photographs that the bonding glaze and the green body are in a dog-tooth staggered shape (see fig. 4 and 5).
The foregoing examples are set forth to illustrate the present invention more clearly and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims to which the invention pertains, as modified in all equivalent forms, by those skilled in the art after reading the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The bonding method of the hollow porcelain insulator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) processing the end surfaces to be connected of the two sections of hollow porcelain insulators to respectively process a concave groove and a convex groove which are matched with each other;
wherein the concave groove and the convex groove are V-shaped;
(2) polishing the end surfaces to be connected with the concave grooves and the convex grooves in the step (1) to enable the end surfaces to be connected to be mirror surfaces;
(3) corroding the end surfaces to be connected after the treatment in the step (2) by using acid liquor, so that a plurality of uniformly distributed pits are formed on the end surfaces to be connected;
wherein the acid solution is formed by mixing hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid, the concentration of the hydrochloric acid in the acid solution is 1-10wt%, and the concentration of the hydrofluoric acid in the acid solution is 2-15 wt%; cutting the water-absorbing non-woven fabric into a shape matched with the end face to be connected of the hollow porcelain insulator during corrosion, sucking acid liquor by using the water-absorbing non-woven fabric, then pasting the water-absorbing non-woven fabric on the processing surface of the hollow porcelain insulator, removing the water-absorbing non-woven fabric after the water-absorbing non-woven fabric is corroded for 5-30min, and cleaning the end face to be connected for later use;
(4) bonding the two sections of hollow porcelain insulators processed in the step (3) by using a bonding glaze, and firing;
as can be seen from the scanning electron microscope photos, the bonding glaze and the green body are in a dog-tooth staggered shape.
2. The bonding method according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning medium used in the cleaning process is 1-5wt% NaOH solution or Na2CO3And (3) solution.
3. The bonding method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), after the etching is completed, the water-absorbent nonwoven into which the acid solution is absorbed is disposed in lime water and recycled.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810426861.4A CN108666053B (en) | 2018-05-07 | 2018-05-07 | Bonding method of hollow porcelain insulator |
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| CN201810426861.4A CN108666053B (en) | 2018-05-07 | 2018-05-07 | Bonding method of hollow porcelain insulator |
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| CN108666053B true CN108666053B (en) | 2020-06-16 |
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| CN111349399B (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2022-02-11 | 南京德名声科技有限公司 | Method for improving bonding strength of fluorine-containing material |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000276959A (en) * | 1999-03-24 | 2000-10-06 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Porcelain insulator and its manufacture |
| CN101172879A (en) * | 2007-10-30 | 2008-05-07 | 西安电力机械制造公司 | Inorganic bonding glaze and porcelain bushing bonding method for high-pressure porcelain sleeve |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN201773649U (en) * | 2010-08-26 | 2011-03-23 | 中国西电电气股份有限公司 | Alternating-current 800kV inorganic bonded hollow porcelain insulator |
| CN102814892B (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2015-08-19 | 河南平高电气股份有限公司 | Epoxy resin casting workpiece manufacture method and epoxy casting insulator manufacture method |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000276959A (en) * | 1999-03-24 | 2000-10-06 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Porcelain insulator and its manufacture |
| CN101172879A (en) * | 2007-10-30 | 2008-05-07 | 西安电力机械制造公司 | Inorganic bonding glaze and porcelain bushing bonding method for high-pressure porcelain sleeve |
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Effective date of registration: 20220914 Address after: No. 20, Chunhui Road, Weiting Town, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province 215122 Patentee after: SUZHOU PORCELAIN INSULATOR WORKS CO.,LTD. Address before: Yuelu District City, Hunan province 410082 Changsha Lushan Road No. 2 Patentee before: HUNAN University |