CN108662019A - 一种主动式水润滑推力轴承 - Google Patents
一种主动式水润滑推力轴承 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/04—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only
- F16C17/08—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only for supporting the end face of a shaft or other member, e.g. footstep bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0629—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion
- F16C32/064—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion the liquid being supplied under pressure
- F16C32/0644—Details of devices to control the supply of liquids to the bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0629—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion
- F16C32/064—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion the liquid being supplied under pressure
- F16C32/0651—Details of the bearing area per se
- F16C32/0655—Details of the bearing area per se of supply openings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
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Abstract
本发明公开一种主动式水润滑推力轴承,由水润滑推力轴承静盘、水润滑推力轴承动盘、水润滑推力轴承动盘支架组成,现有水润滑推力轴承主要依靠PEEK工程塑料推力动盘和金属推力静盘的混合摩擦工作,前述这种结构中水主要起到冷却和一小部分润滑作用,本发明为解决前述问题,设计出一种主动式水润滑推力轴承,利用带承载斜面的铝青铜推力动盘的高速旋转,将其供水槽供入承载斜面水楔中的水利用承载斜面坡度推动水旋转移动,由于承载斜面水楔的开口方向与其旋转线速度方向相反,从而可以利用容积减小的方法挤压不可压缩的液体水,从而主动形成承载水膜。本发明可以大幅度提高水润滑推力轴承的寿命,提高水润滑螺杆压缩机的可靠性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及压缩机技术领域,特别涉及一种主动式水润滑推力轴承。
背景技术
基于国内外消费者对于生命安全的关注越来越高以及药品生产质量管理规范的不断完善,在食品、饮料、医药、精细化工以及与之相关的包装、纺织、电子制造、汽车、空分等行业需要纯净无油的压缩空气。水润滑无油螺杆压缩机的特点是用于压缩机润滑与冷却的介质是水,水也作为转子间啮合间隙的密封液,同时水也是水润滑径向轴承和水润滑推力轴承的润滑与冷却的介质,因此,水润滑螺杆压缩机可产出100%无油的压缩空气。所以,水润滑螺杆压缩机能够提供优质的压缩气体满足上述行业各种用气需求,应用前景广阔。
水润滑螺杆压缩机的主要难点是在水作润滑剂的条件下,要求滑动轴承材料本身的自润滑性能和耐磨性较高,因为水的粘度相对矿物润滑油来比太低,即在50℃时,水的绝对黏度约为透平油的165。水在低速转动的滑动轴承中为牛顿流体,即粘度符合牛顿粘性计算公式:τ=η·dudy,由于水的粘度很小η,水膜表面的速度梯度dudy的大小有限值,这样一来水膜所受的摩擦剪应力τ很小,水膜难以形成。滑动轴承中润滑液膜的承载能力与其粘度成正比,与液膜厚度的平方成反比,因此,在其他条件相同的情况下,为获得相等的承载能力,则水膜的厚度仅为油膜厚度的18。这也表明水润滑轴承的承载能力比较低,而且由于滑动轴承轴瓦与轴颈加工粗糙的影响,很容易发生轴瓦与轴颈接触摩擦。
目前,国内外市场上的完全水润滑双螺杆压缩机主要有瑞典的阿特拉斯科普柯和德国的德国AQUAAIR。上述两家公司的水润滑螺杆压缩机中水润滑推力轴承主要依靠PEEK工程塑料推力动盘和金属推力静盘的混合摩擦接触状态工作,并且前述两家公司都是在推力静盘上开设导水槽,推力动盘承载面为完整的环形平面。到目前为止,水润滑轴承材料中的工程塑料的自润滑性能和耐磨性成了制约水润滑双螺杆压缩机工作性能和使用寿命的主要因素。
发明内容
本发明解决的技术问题是提供一种能形成主动式承载水膜的主动式水润滑推力轴承。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:一种主动式水润滑推力轴承,包括相互接触旋转的水润滑推力轴承静盘和水润滑推力轴承动盘、还包括安装在螺杆转子前端的水润滑推力轴承动盘支架,所述水润滑推力轴承动盘安装在水润滑推力轴承动盘支架上,其特征在于,所述水润滑推力轴承动盘上开设有动盘承载平面,所述动盘承载平面上设置有动盘环型水槽、动盘导水槽和承载斜面,所述动盘导水槽的一端与动盘环型水槽连通,所述承载斜面位于动盘导水槽。
进一步的是:所述水润滑推力轴承静盘包括静盘不锈钢主体,所述静盘不锈钢主体靠近水润滑推力轴承动盘的一面为为PEEK承载面,所述不锈钢主体的另一面设置有静盘环型水槽,所述静盘环型水槽上设置有静盘过水孔,所述PEEK承载面上分别设置有静盘导水槽和与静盘导水槽连通的静盘集水槽,所述静盘过水孔与静盘导水槽连通,使得水经过静盘过水孔、静盘导水槽和静盘集水槽进入水润滑推力轴承动盘的动盘环型水槽。
进一步的是:所述水润滑推力轴承动盘上开设的承载斜面与水润滑推力轴承静盘配合的PEEK承载面之间形成的水楔斜面的开口方向与其旋转线速度方向相反。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明所述的一种主动式水润滑推力轴承,在利用现有水润滑轴承动键盘配磨材料的基础上,通过巧妙的结构设计而形成主动式承载水膜,能有效提高水润滑螺杆压缩机的可靠性,非常具有市场价值。
附图说明
图1是本发明的主动式水润滑推力轴承安装局部放大图;
图2是采用本发明的主动式水润滑推力轴承安装设计图;
图3是本发明的主动式水润滑推力轴承中静盘正面图;
图4是本发明的主动式水润滑推力轴承中静盘背面图;
图5是本发明的主动式水润滑推力轴承中动盘正面图;
图6是本发明的主动式水润滑推力轴承中动盘轴侧图;
图7是本发明的主动式水润滑推力轴承中动盘剖视图;
图8是本发明的主动式水润滑推力轴承中动盘承载斜面放大图;
图中标记为:1—机壳;2—排气轴承座;3—供水池盖板;4—供水池;5—滑动轴承;6—推力轴承供水孔;7—滑动轴承套;8—锁紧涨套;9—水润滑推力轴承静盘;10—水润滑推力轴承动盘;11—机壳封盖;12—水润滑推力轴承动盘支架;13—螺杆转子;14—螺钉;15—水润滑推力轴承静盘螺钉;16—锁紧涨套螺钉。
其中,9-1—PEEK承载面;9-2—承静盘不锈钢主体;9-3—静盘环型水槽;9-4—静盘过水孔;9-5—水润滑推力轴承静盘导水槽;9-6—静盘集水槽;10-1—动盘环型水槽;10-2—动盘导水槽;10-3—动盘承载斜面;10-4—动盘承载平面。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进一步说明。
如图2所示,本发明的水润滑推力轴承静盘和水润滑推力轴承动盘安装在压缩机内,所述压缩机主要包括机壳1、排气轴承座1、供水池盖板3供水池4、滑动轴承5、推力轴承供水孔6、滑动轴承套7、锁紧涨套8、水润滑推力轴承静盘9、水润滑推力轴承动盘10、机壳封盖11、水润滑推力轴承动盘支架12、螺杆转子13、螺钉14、水润滑推力轴承静盘螺钉15、锁紧涨套螺钉16等结构,水润滑推力轴承动盘支架12安装螺杆转子13前端,推力轴承供水孔6通向水润滑推力轴承静盘9,所述水润滑推力轴承动盘10安装在水润滑推力轴承动盘支架12上,所述水润滑推力轴承静盘9固定在机壳上,所述润滑推力轴承静盘9和水润滑推力轴承动盘10相互接触,所述水润滑推力轴承动盘10上开设有动盘承载平面10-4,所述动盘承载平面10-4上设置有动盘环型水槽10-1、动盘导水槽10-2和承载斜面10-3,所述动盘导水槽10-2的一端与动盘环型水槽10-1连通,所述承载斜面位于动盘导水槽10-2,所述水润滑推力轴承静盘9包括静盘不锈钢主体9-2,所述静盘不锈钢主体9-2靠近水润滑推力轴承动盘10的一面为为PEEK承载面9-1,所述不锈钢主体9-2的另一面设置有静盘环型水槽9-3,所述静盘环型水槽9-3上设置有静盘过水孔9-4,所述PEEK承载面上分别设置有静盘导水槽9-5和与静盘导水槽9-5连通的静盘集水槽9-6,所述静盘过水孔9-4与静盘导水槽9-5连通,使得水经过静盘过水孔9-4、静盘导水槽9-5和静盘集水槽9-6进入水润滑推力轴承动盘10的动盘环型水槽10-1,主动式水润滑推力轴承工作前,水润滑螺杆压缩机系统中的辅助水泵或者汽水分离筒会将带压的水压入压缩机水池4中。
如图1、图2至图6所示,在水压的作用下水沿推力轴承供水孔6进入水润滑推力轴承静盘9背面的静盘环形水槽9-3中,水经过静盘过水孔9-4、静盘导水槽9-5和静盘集水槽9-6进入水润滑推力轴承动盘10的动盘环型水槽10-1中,水经过水润滑推力轴承动盘10的动盘导水槽10-2流至动盘承载斜面10-3上,从而在水润滑推力轴承静盘9和水润滑推力轴承动盘10的相互旋转中形成水膜,起到润滑作用。
在上述基础上,如图7和图8所示,所述水润滑推力轴承动盘10上开设的承载斜面10-3与水润滑推力轴承静盘9配合的PEEK承载面9-1之间形成的水楔斜面的开口方向与其旋转线速度方向相反,由于铝青水铜润滑推力轴承动盘10的高速旋转,将其中的水通过承载斜面10-3坡度推动而旋转移动,如图8所示,前述承载斜面中的水楔10-3的开口方向与其旋转线速度方向相反,因此,可以利用容积减小的方法来挤压不可压缩的液体水,从而主动形成承载水膜来进行流体动力润滑。
本发明所述的一种主动式水润滑推力轴承,在利用现有水润滑轴承动键盘配磨材料的基础上,通过巧妙的结构设计而形成主动式承载水膜,能有效提高水润滑螺杆压缩机的可靠性,非常具有市场价值。
以上所述的具体实施例,对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明,所应理解的是,以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种主动式水润滑推力轴承,包括相互接触旋转的水润滑推力轴承静盘(9)和水润滑推力轴承动盘(10)、还包括安装在螺杆转子前端的水润滑推力轴承动盘支架(12),所述水润滑推力轴承动盘(10)安装在水润滑推力轴承动盘支架(12)上,其特征在于:所述水润滑推力轴承动盘(10)上开设有动盘承载平面(10-4),所述动盘承载平面(10-4)上设置有动盘环型水槽(10-1)、动盘导水槽(10-2)和承载斜面(10-3),所述动盘导水槽(10-2)的一端与动盘环型水槽(10-1)连通,所述承载斜面位于动盘导水槽(10-2)。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种主动式水润滑推力轴承,其特征在于:所述水润滑推力轴承静盘(9)包括静盘不锈钢主体(9-2),所述静盘不锈钢主体(9-2)靠近水润滑推力轴承动盘(10)的一面为为PEEK承载面(9-1),所述不锈钢主体(9-2)的另一面设置有静盘环型水槽(9-3),所述静盘环型水槽(9-3)上设置有静盘过水孔(9-4),所述PEEK承载面上分别设置有静盘导水槽(9-5)和与静盘导水槽(9-5)连通的静盘集水槽(9-6),所述静盘过水孔(9-4)与静盘导水槽(9-5)连通,使得水经过静盘过水孔(9-4)、静盘导水槽(9-5)和静盘集水槽(9-6)进入水润滑推力轴承动盘(10)的动盘环型水槽(10-1)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种主动式水润滑推力轴承,其特征在于:所述水润滑推力轴承动盘(10)上开设的承载斜面(10-3)与水润滑推力轴承静盘(9)配合的PEEK承载面(9-1)之间形成的水楔斜面的开口方向与其旋转线速度方向相反。
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