CN108659745A - 一种耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥 - Google Patents
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- C09J123/20—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms having four to nine carbon atoms
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥,属于化工材料技术领域。本发明按重量份数计,依次取80~100份丁基橡胶,80~100份增粘剂,20~30份玻璃纤维,40~60份软化剂,200~300份填充剂,200~300份改性炭化稻壳粉,200~300份氧化石墨烯,10~20份钛酸四丁酯,8~10份磷脂,将丁基橡胶置于炼胶机中塑炼20~30min,得丁基塑炼胶;将所得丁基塑炼胶,增粘剂,玻璃纤维,软化剂,填充剂,改性炭化稻壳粉,氧化石墨烯,钛酸四丁酯和磷脂置于捏合机中,捏合20~30min,得混合浆料,将混合浆料用挤出机挤出后,裁断成胶块后用塑料膜进行包装,即得耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥。本发明提供的耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥具有优异的耐候性能和力学性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明公开了一种耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥,属于化工材料技术领域。
背景技术
胶泥为具备很强的粘合性能的泥状塑性固体,这类塑性固体一般由具备粘合性能的固态或液态粘接剂添加具备一定功能的粉末填料构成,根据需要还可以加入适当的颜料及辅料。大部分是起着密封作用。硬化型胶泥在一定条件下或一定时间后会硬化(固化)变为与原有胶泥不同状态的固体,或变为刚性硬质的固体,或变为橡胶状弹性软质的固体,硬化型胶泥可以在很长的时间甚至几十年的时间内保持使用前的原有状态。依其化学构成,胶泥又可分为有机胶泥和无机胶泥两大类,有机胶泥的主要特点是固化后的可以被裂解或燃烧碳化,耐温一般不能超过四五百摄氏度。有机胶泥可以有刚性硬质的,也可以有软质弹性的。常见有机胶泥有聚酯树脂、氨基树脂、酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、呋喃树脂、有机硅胶泥等。无机胶泥的主要特点是硬化后不能被碳化,不能被燃烧。耐温可以达到摄氏500-2000度以上,无机胶泥硬化后几乎都是刚性硬质的。常见的无机胶泥包括硅酸盐胶泥、硫黄胶泥粘土胶泥等。依其功能而异,胶泥可分为导热胶泥、导电胶泥、绝缘胶泥、隔热胶泥、修补胶泥、填缝胶泥、粘合固定用胶泥、减震胶泥、消音胶泥等。一般胶泥生产厂家可以根据需要配制具备不同功能的胶泥。不干性丁基橡胶密封胶泥是嵌缝密封材料,俗称腻子。它常用弹性体为主要原料,加入一些粉状填充剂以及添加增粘剂和软化剂等,以求获得最佳性能和降低成本。不干性密封胶泥的特点是不含溶剂、可塑好、可反复使用并长期保持其塑性。以丁基橡胶为主体原料的密封胶泥,具有不干性、自粘性和好的耐侯性。它主要用于空调器和冰箱中,起密封、防震、减声作用,还可用于其它需要被密封、堵漏、嵌缝的场合。而传统的丁基橡胶密封胶泥导热性能差、耐候性能有限、力学性能不足。
因此,如何改善传统丁基橡胶密封胶泥耐候性能有限、力学性能不足的缺点,以获取更高综合性能的提高,是待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是:针对传统丁基橡胶密封胶泥耐候性能有限、力学性能不足的问题,提供了一种耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥。
本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥,是由以下重量份数的原料组成:80~100份丁基橡胶,80~100份增粘剂,20~30份玻璃纤维,40~60份软化剂,200~300份填充剂,200~300份改性炭化稻壳粉,200~300份氧化石墨烯,10~20份钛酸四丁酯,8~10份磷脂;
所述耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥的制备步骤为:
(1)按原料组成称量各原料;
(2)将丁基橡胶置于炼胶机中塑炼,得丁基塑炼胶;
(3)将上述所得丁基塑炼胶,增粘剂,玻璃纤维,软化剂,填充剂,改性炭化稻壳粉,氧化石墨烯,钛酸四丁酯和磷脂捏合,挤出,包装,即得耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥。
所述增粘剂为聚丁烯树脂,达玛树脂,石油树脂或古马隆-茚树脂中的任意一种。
所述软化剂为石油蜡或凡士林中的任意一种。
所述填充剂是由重质碳酸钙与滑石粉按质量比1:1混合球磨而成。
所述改性炭化稻壳粉的制备过程为:将稻壳球磨,过80目的筛,得稻壳粉,按重量份数计,将稻壳粉与硫酸按重量比1:20~1:30搅拌混合,过滤,洗涤,干燥至含水率为10~20%,得一次处理稻壳粉,将一次处理稻壳粉用含三甲基铝氮气熏蒸,出料,得二次处理稻壳粉,将二次处理稻壳粉充氮保温反应,降温,即得改性炭化稻壳粉。
所述氧化石墨烯的制备过程为:将石墨烯与十二烷基苯磺酸钠按重量比5:1~10:1混合球磨,过筛,得预处理石墨烯,将预处理石墨烯与高碘酸钠溶液按重量比1:20~1:30混合,调节pH,恒温搅拌混合,过滤,洗涤,干燥,即得氧化石墨烯。
所述磷脂为大豆磷脂,蛋黄磷脂或牛奶磷脂中的任意一种。
本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明技术方案采用颗粒填料、线状填料和片状填料复配,在使用过程中,分散填充在体系中,从而提高体系结构间的机械咬合力,且不同形状的颗粒存在,可提高体系中各组分之间的结合位点,从而使得体系内部结合强度进一步提高,片状填料的存在可进一步起到填充和增韧的作用,采用颗粒、线状和片状三种不同结构的复配,有效避免胶泥体系龟裂,进一步提升体系的耐候性能;
(2)本发明通过添加改性炭化稻壳,在制备过程中,首先利用硫酸将稻壳粉炭化,随后通过洗涤去除稻壳中硫酸,接着将稻壳干燥至一定含水率,使得稻壳内部含有水分,接着经过含三甲基铝氮气熏蒸,三甲基铝与水反应,生成氧化铝,在后期保温反应过程中,氧化铝,炭质和氮气反应,生成氮化铝,同时,稻壳中二氧化硅,炭质和氮气反应,生成氮化硅,生成的氮化铝和氮化硅构成坚固的骨架,从而进一步提升体系的力学性能。
具体实施方式
按重量份数计,将重质碳酸钙与滑石粉按质量比1:1置于球磨机中,混合球磨,过滤60目的筛,即得填充剂;将稻壳置于球磨机中球磨,过80目的筛,得稻壳粉,按重量份数计,将稻壳粉与质量分数为98%的硫酸按重量比1:20~1:30置于反应釜中,于转速为200~300r/min条件下,搅拌混合30~50min,得混合液,再将混合液过滤,得滤渣,接着用质量分数为20~30%的氨水将滤渣洗涤至洗涤液为中性,接着将洗涤后的滤渣置于烘箱中,干燥至含水率为10~20%,得一次处理稻壳粉,将一次处理稻壳粉置于流化床反应器中,并以速率为60~80mL/min向反应器中通入三甲基铝体积含量为5~6%的氮气,持续通入30~50min后,出料,得二次处理稻壳粉,将二次处理稻壳粉置于烧结炉中,并以60~90mL/min速率向炉内充入氮气,于温度为1600~1750℃条件下,充氮保温反应2~3h后,随炉降至室温,即得改性炭化稻壳粉;将石墨烯与十二烷基苯磺酸钠按重量比5:1~10:1置于球磨机中,混合球磨,过70目的筛,得预处理石墨烯,将预处理石墨烯与质量分数为20~30%的高碘酸钠溶液按重量比1:20~1:30置于烧杯中,随后向烧杯中滴加质量分数为98%的硫酸调节pH至2.3~2.6,再将烧杯置于数显测速恒温磁力搅拌器中,于温度为60~80℃,转速为300~500r/min条件下,恒温搅拌混合40~60min后,得混合浆液,再将混合浆液过滤,得滤饼,接着将滤饼用质量分数为10~20%的氨水将滤饼洗涤至洗涤液为中性,再将洗涤后的滤饼置于烘箱中,于温度为105~110℃条件下,干燥至恒重,即得氧化石墨烯;按重量份数计,依次取80~100份丁基橡胶,80~100份增粘剂,20~30份玻璃纤维,40~60份软化剂,200~300份填充剂,200~300份改性炭化稻壳粉,200~300份氧化石墨烯,10~20份钛酸四丁酯,8~10份磷脂,将丁基橡胶置于炼胶机中塑炼20~30min,得丁基塑炼胶;将所得丁基塑炼胶,增粘剂,玻璃纤维,软化剂,填充剂,改性炭化稻壳粉,氧化石墨烯,钛酸四丁酯和磷脂置于捏合机中,捏合20~30min,得混合浆料,将混合浆料用挤出机挤出后,裁断成胶块后用塑料膜进行包装,即得耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥。所述增粘剂为聚丁烯树脂,达玛树脂,石油树脂或古马隆-茚树脂中的任意一种。所述软化剂为石油蜡或凡士林中的任意一种。所述磷脂为大豆磷脂,蛋黄磷脂或牛奶磷脂中的任意一种。
实例1
按重量份数计,将重质碳酸钙与滑石粉按质量比1:1置于球磨机中,混合球磨,过滤60目的筛,即得填充剂;将稻壳置于球磨机中球磨,过80目的筛,得稻壳粉,按重量份数计,将稻壳粉与质量分数为98%的硫酸按重量比1:30置于反应釜中,于转速为300r/min条件下,搅拌混合50min,得混合液,再将混合液过滤,得滤渣,接着用质量分数为30%的氨水将滤渣洗涤至洗涤液为中性,接着将洗涤后的滤渣置于烘箱中,干燥至含水率为20%,得一次处理稻壳粉,将一次处理稻壳粉置于流化床反应器中,并以速率为80mL/min向反应器中通入三甲基铝体积含量为6%的氮气,持续通入50min后,出料,得二次处理稻壳粉,将二次处理稻壳粉置于烧结炉中,并以90mL/min速率向炉内充入氮气,于温度为1750℃条件下,充氮保温反应3h后,随炉降至室温,即得改性炭化稻壳粉;将石墨烯与十二烷基苯磺酸钠按重量比10:1置于球磨机中,混合球磨,过70目的筛,得预处理石墨烯,将预处理石墨烯与质量分数为30%的高碘酸钠溶液按重量比1:30置于烧杯中,随后向烧杯中滴加质量分数为98%的硫酸调节pH至2.6,再将烧杯置于数显测速恒温磁力搅拌器中,于温度为80℃,转速为500r/min条件下,恒温搅拌混合60min后,得混合浆液,再将混合浆液过滤,得滤饼,接着将滤饼用质量分数为20%的氨水将滤饼洗涤至洗涤液为中性,再将洗涤后的滤饼置于烘箱中,于温度为110℃条件下,干燥至恒重,即得氧化石墨烯;按重量份数计,依次取100份丁基橡胶,100份增粘剂,30份玻璃纤维,60份软化剂,300份填充剂,300份改性炭化稻壳粉,300份氧化石墨烯,20份钛酸四丁酯,10份磷脂,将丁基橡胶置于炼胶机中塑炼30min,得丁基塑炼胶;将所得丁基塑炼胶,增粘剂,玻璃纤维,软化剂,填充剂,改性炭化稻壳粉,氧化石墨烯,钛酸四丁酯和磷脂置于捏合机中,捏合30min,得混合浆料,将混合浆料用挤出机挤出后,裁断成胶块后用塑料膜进行包装,即得耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥。所述增粘剂为聚丁烯树脂。所述软化剂为石油蜡。所述磷脂为大豆磷脂。
实例2
按重量份数计,将重质碳酸钙与滑石粉按质量比1:1置于球磨机中,混合球磨,过滤60目的筛,即得填充剂;将石墨烯与十二烷基苯磺酸钠按重量比10:1置于球磨机中,混合球磨,过70目的筛,得预处理石墨烯,将预处理石墨烯与质量分数为30%的高碘酸钠溶液按重量比1:30置于烧杯中,随后向烧杯中滴加质量分数为98%的硫酸调节pH至2.6,再将烧杯置于数显测速恒温磁力搅拌器中,于温度为80℃,转速为500r/min条件下,恒温搅拌混合60min后,得混合浆液,再将混合浆液过滤,得滤饼,接着将滤饼用质量分数为20%的氨水将滤饼洗涤至洗涤液为中性,再将洗涤后的滤饼置于烘箱中,于温度为110℃条件下,干燥至恒重,即得氧化石墨烯;按重量份数计,依次取100份丁基橡胶,100份增粘剂,30份玻璃纤维,60份软化剂,300份填充剂,300份氧化石墨烯,20份钛酸四丁酯,10份磷脂,将丁基橡胶置于炼胶机中塑炼30min,得丁基塑炼胶;将所得丁基塑炼胶,增粘剂,玻璃纤维,软化剂,填充剂,氧化石墨烯,钛酸四丁酯和磷脂置于捏合机中,捏合30min,得混合浆料,将混合浆料用挤出机挤出后,裁断成胶块后用塑料膜进行包装,即得耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥。所述增粘剂为聚丁烯树脂。所述软化剂为石油蜡。所述磷脂为大豆磷脂。
实例3
按重量份数计,将重质碳酸钙与滑石粉按质量比1:1置于球磨机中,混合球磨,过滤60目的筛,即得填充剂;将稻壳置于球磨机中球磨,过80目的筛,得稻壳粉,按重量份数计,将稻壳粉与质量分数为98%的硫酸按重量比1:30置于反应釜中,于转速为300r/min条件下,搅拌混合50min,得混合液,再将混合液过滤,得滤渣,接着用质量分数为30%的氨水将滤渣洗涤至洗涤液为中性,接着将洗涤后的滤渣置于烘箱中,干燥至含水率为20%,得一次处理稻壳粉,将一次处理稻壳粉置于流化床反应器中,并以速率为80mL/min向反应器中通入三甲基铝体积含量为6%的氮气,持续通入50min后,出料,得二次处理稻壳粉,将二次处理稻壳粉置于烧结炉中,并以90mL/min速率向炉内充入氮气,于温度为1750℃条件下,充氮保温反应3h后,随炉降至室温,即得改性炭化稻壳粉;按重量份数计,依次取100份丁基橡胶,100份增粘剂,30份玻璃纤维,60份软化剂,300份填充剂,300份改性炭化稻壳粉,20份钛酸四丁酯,10份磷脂,将丁基橡胶置于炼胶机中塑炼30min,得丁基塑炼胶;将所得丁基塑炼胶,增粘剂,玻璃纤维,软化剂,填充剂,改性炭化稻壳粉,钛酸四丁酯和磷脂置于捏合机中,捏合30min,得混合浆料,将混合浆料用挤出机挤出后,裁断成胶块后用塑料膜进行包装,即得耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥。所述增粘剂为聚丁烯树脂。所述软化剂为石油蜡。所述磷脂为大豆磷脂。
实例4
按重量份数计,将重质碳酸钙与滑石粉按质量比1:1置于球磨机中,混合球磨,过滤60目的筛,即得填充剂;将稻壳置于球磨机中球磨,过80目的筛,得稻壳粉,按重量份数计,将稻壳粉与质量分数为98%的硫酸按重量比1:30置于反应釜中,于转速为300r/min条件下,搅拌混合50min,得混合液,再将混合液过滤,得滤渣,接着用质量分数为30%的氨水将滤渣洗涤至洗涤液为中性,接着将洗涤后的滤渣置于烘箱中,干燥至含水率为20%,得一次处理稻壳粉,将一次处理稻壳粉置于流化床反应器中,并以速率为80mL/min向反应器中通入三甲基铝体积含量为6%的氮气,持续通入50min后,出料,得二次处理稻壳粉,将二次处理稻壳粉置于烧结炉中,并以90mL/min速率向炉内充入氮气,于温度为1750℃条件下,充氮保温反应3h后,随炉降至室温,即得改性炭化稻壳粉;将石墨烯与十二烷基苯磺酸钠按重量比10:1置于球磨机中,混合球磨,过70目的筛,得预处理石墨烯,将预处理石墨烯与质量分数为30%的高碘酸钠溶液按重量比1:30置于烧杯中,随后向烧杯中滴加质量分数为98%的硫酸调节pH至2.6,再将烧杯置于数显测速恒温磁力搅拌器中,于温度为80℃,转速为500r/min条件下,恒温搅拌混合60min后,得混合浆液,再将混合浆液过滤,得滤饼,接着将滤饼用质量分数为20%的氨水将滤饼洗涤至洗涤液为中性,再将洗涤后的滤饼置于烘箱中,于温度为110℃条件下,干燥至恒重,即得氧化石墨烯;按重量份数计,依次取100份丁基橡胶,100份增粘剂,30份玻璃纤维,60份软化剂,300份填充剂,300份改性炭化稻壳粉,300份氧化石墨烯,10份磷脂,将丁基橡胶置于炼胶机中塑炼30min,得丁基塑炼胶;将所得丁基塑炼胶,增粘剂,玻璃纤维,软化剂,填充剂,改性炭化稻壳粉,氧化石墨烯和磷脂置于捏合机中,捏合30min,得混合浆料,将混合浆料用挤出机挤出后,裁断成胶块后用塑料膜进行包装,即得耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥。所述增粘剂为聚丁烯树脂。所述软化剂为石油蜡。所述磷脂为大豆磷脂。
实例5
按重量份数计,将重质碳酸钙与滑石粉按质量比1:1置于球磨机中,混合球磨,过滤60目的筛,即得填充剂;将稻壳置于球磨机中球磨,过80目的筛,得稻壳粉,按重量份数计,将稻壳粉与质量分数为98%的硫酸按重量比1:30置于反应釜中,于转速为300r/min条件下,搅拌混合50min,得混合液,再将混合液过滤,得滤渣,接着用质量分数为30%的氨水将滤渣洗涤至洗涤液为中性,接着将洗涤后的滤渣置于烘箱中,干燥至含水率为20%,得一次处理稻壳粉,将一次处理稻壳粉置于流化床反应器中,并以速率为80mL/min向反应器中通入三甲基铝体积含量为6%的氮气,持续通入50min后,出料,得二次处理稻壳粉,将二次处理稻壳粉置于烧结炉中,并以90mL/min速率向炉内充入氮气,于温度为1750℃条件下,充氮保温反应3h后,随炉降至室温,即得改性炭化稻壳粉;将石墨烯与十二烷基苯磺酸钠按重量比10:1置于球磨机中,混合球磨,过70目的筛,得预处理石墨烯,将预处理石墨烯与质量分数为30%的高碘酸钠溶液按重量比1:30置于烧杯中,随后向烧杯中滴加质量分数为98%的硫酸调节pH至2.6,再将烧杯置于数显测速恒温磁力搅拌器中,于温度为80℃,转速为500r/min条件下,恒温搅拌混合60min后,得混合浆液,再将混合浆液过滤,得滤饼,接着将滤饼用质量分数为20%的氨水将滤饼洗涤至洗涤液为中性,再将洗涤后的滤饼置于烘箱中,于温度为110℃条件下,干燥至恒重,即得氧化石墨烯;按重量份数计,依次取100份丁基橡胶,100份增粘剂,30份玻璃纤维,60份软化剂,300份填充剂,300份改性炭化稻壳粉,300份氧化石墨烯,20份钛酸四丁酯,将丁基橡胶置于炼胶机中塑炼30min,得丁基塑炼胶;将所得丁基塑炼胶,增粘剂,玻璃纤维,软化剂,填充剂,改性炭化稻壳粉,氧化石墨烯,钛酸四丁酯置于捏合机中,捏合30min,得混合浆料,将混合浆料用挤出机挤出后,裁断成胶块后用塑料膜进行包装,即得耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥。所述增粘剂为聚丁烯树脂。所述软化剂为石油蜡。
对比例:南昌某新材料有限公司生产的密封胶泥。
将实例1至实例5所得的及对比例产品进行性能检测,具体检测方法如下:
1.耐候性能:根据国标GB/T3511检测试件;
2.密度:用分析天平称称量样品重量,量测试剂体积,然后计算密度;
3.拉伸剪切强度:根据国标GB/7124-86检测试件。
具体检测结果如表1所示:
表1耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥性能具体检测结果
检测项目 | 耐候性能 | 密度g/cm3 | 拉伸剪切强度/MPa |
实例1 | 无异常 | 2.125 | 9.86 |
实例2 | 微裂痕 | 1.983 | 9.53 |
实例3 | 微裂痕 | 1.954 | 9.28 |
实例4 | 较少裂痕 | 1.912 | 9.04 |
实例5 | 较多裂痕 | 1.846 | 8.73 |
对比例 | 皲裂 | 1.762 | 8.36 |
由表1检测结果可知,本发明技术方案制备的耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥具有优异的耐候性、力学性能的特点,在化工材料技术行业的发展中具有广阔的前景。
Claims (7)
1.一种耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥,其特征在于:是由以下重量份数的原料组成:80~100份丁基橡胶,80~100份增粘剂,20~30份玻璃纤维,40~60份软化剂,200~300份填充剂,200~300份改性炭化稻壳粉,200~300份氧化石墨烯,10~20份钛酸四丁酯,8~10份磷脂;
所述耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥的制备步骤为:
(1)按原料组成称量各原料;
(2)将丁基橡胶置于炼胶机中塑炼,得丁基塑炼胶;
(3)将上述所得丁基塑炼胶,增粘剂,玻璃纤维,软化剂,填充剂,改性炭化稻壳粉,氧化石墨烯,钛酸四丁酯和磷脂捏合,挤出,包装,即得耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥,其特征在于:所述增粘剂为聚丁烯树脂,达玛树脂,石油树脂或古马隆-茚树脂中的任意一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥,其特征在于:所述软化剂为石油蜡或凡士林中的任意一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥,其特征在于:所述填充剂是由重质碳酸钙与滑石粉按质量比1:1混合球磨而成。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥,其特征在于:所述改性炭化稻壳粉的制备过程为:将稻壳球磨,过80目的筛,得稻壳粉,按重量份数计,将稻壳粉与硫酸按重量比1:20~1:30搅拌混合,过滤,洗涤,干燥至含水率为10~20%,得一次处理稻壳粉,将一次处理稻壳粉用含三甲基铝氮气熏蒸,出料,得二次处理稻壳粉,将二次处理稻壳粉充氮保温反应,降温,即得改性炭化稻壳粉。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥,其特征在于:所述氧化石墨烯的制备过程为:将石墨烯与十二烷基苯磺酸钠按重量比5:1~10:1混合球磨,过筛,得预处理石墨烯,将预处理石墨烯与高碘酸钠溶液按重量比1:20~1:30混合,调节pH,恒温搅拌混合,过滤,洗涤,干燥,即得氧化石墨烯。
7.根据权利要求1所述一种耐候型丁基橡胶密封胶泥,其特征在于:所述磷脂为大豆磷脂,蛋黄磷脂或牛奶磷脂中的任意一种。
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