Special loading and unloading equipment for riding type railway container and operation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a special loading and unloading device and an operation method for a straddle type railway container, which can be used for carrying out operations such as replacement, box tamping, stacking, floor loading and unloading of common cargoes, vertical rotation loading and unloading of dry bulk cargoes and the like on a railway transportation train, and belongs to the technical field of container logistics.
Background
The adoption of the container for transporting the goods has the advantages of rapidness, convenience, good safety, low loss, standardized transportation, wide applicable transportation modes and the like, is increasingly popularized, and the railway container transportation also rapidly develops along with the popularization, and particularly, the railway container for transporting the goods has the advantages of large transportation capacity, rapidness in transportation, no packaging, good safety, contribution to environmental protection, high transportation benefit and the like, the demand of the railway container transportation service is rapidly increased, and the loading and unloading operation of the railway container is an important link in the whole railway container transportation service.
The loading and unloading operation of the railway container can be mainly divided into two links: 1. the whole loading and unloading operation of the container comprises the operations of lifting, replacing, tamping, stacking and the like of the container; 2. the loading and unloading operation of the cargoes in the container comprises the floor loading and unloading of common cargoes, the vertical rotation loading and unloading of dry bulk cargoes and the like. The conventional railway container integral loading and unloading method generally adopts large container lifting equipment, such as a large gantry container crane, a container front crane and the like to hoist the container, perform operations such as replacement, box tamping, stacking and the like, and place the container on a container transporting truck to perform transferring operations. The handling of ordinary cargo inside a container is usually performed by placing the container on the ground or a platform, or by placing the container on a container truck and performing ordinary cargo handling on a flat cargo storage platform by using a person, a forklift, a conveyor, a loading bridge, or the like. The handling operation of dry bulk cargo in a container is that the cargo is packaged and handled in the same operation mode as the common cargo; another method is to adopt an open-top container, and adopt a conveyor or a discharge hopper to load and unload dry bulk cargoes, wherein the open-top container is generally covered by rainproof tarpaulin; the latest method is to adopt container vertical rotation loading and unloading equipment to vertically rotate the container to carry out loading and unloading operation of dry and scattered cargoes, and the existing equipment mainly comprises the following steps: 1. the container vertical rotating vehicle, such as a container tilting trailer (utility model patent number: ZL 200920013857.1), and the like, 2, a container vertical rotating platform, such as a container tilting platform (utility model patent number: ZL 200920013856.7), 3, door type container vertical rotating loading and unloading equipment, such as container tilting or erecting equipment (utility model patent number: ZL 201210098956.0), 4, a hydraulic turning plate is generally only used for unloading, and after the container is vertically rotated, a conveyor is adopted for loading and unloading dry scattered cargoes. The problems with these methods of operation are: the conventional general equipment is adopted to hoist the container, the equipment is huge, the structure is complex, the occupied space of the operation site is large, the condition requirement of the operation site is high, the overall investment is large, the loading and unloading process method is immature, the operation modes can be few, the matching connection of the equipment is unreasonable, the container is often needed to be hoisted for a plurality of times, the operation cost is high, the efficiency is low, the overall benefit is poor, and the bottleneck problem of restricting the development of railway container transportation business is formed.
For the convenience and accuracy of expression and understanding, the concepts and terms appearing in the specification are defined and explained more closely than would otherwise be necessary:
container handling operations: when the container is lifted up and transferred as a whole, and all kinds of operations such as loading (boxing) and unloading (unpacking) of the internal cargo are performed, the container can be vertically rotated for cargo handling, which is called a container vertically rotating and loading operation.
Container handling equipment: professional machinery for performing container handling operations includes various container handling bridges, cranes, overhead cranes, straddle carriers, forklifts, trailers, conveyors, etc., as well as container handling equipment described below.
Lifting: refers to an operation of lifting or lowering a container from one location to another by means of a spreader.
Tamping box: an operation for moving a container from an original position to another position, comprising: exchanging the positions of containers among transport vehicles, between yards (including temporary storage sites), between yards and transport vehicles, etc.;
and (3) replacement: the task of unloading a container from one conveyance and loading it onto another conveyance is a special case of tamping.
Vertical rotation: the container mouth is tilted up or down by a certain angle or vertically erected for cargo loading or unloading. The invention mainly refers to the vertical rotation of a container with one open end in the length direction, and is mainly used for loading and unloading dry bulk cargoes; the container opening of the container door facing one direction can be upwards rotated only in a single direction, and the container opening of the container door facing any direction can be upwards rotated in a double direction.
Container vertical rotation loading and unloading equipment: the mechanical equipment for locking and lifting the container and then vertically rotating the container so as to carry out (mainly dry bulk cargo) loading and unloading operation is special container loading and unloading equipment which is newly appeared; the container can be simultaneously provided with the function of enabling the container to fall on the ground for carrying out common cargo handling operation or other various operation functions such as stacking, reloading, tamping and the like, and mainly comprises the following steps: container door type vertical rotation equipment, tilting vehicles, a turnover platform, a hydraulic turnover plate and the like.
Width of container operation: it means the dimension of the container vertical turning loading and unloading equipment in the width direction of the container, which is necessary when realizing the operation function, so as to be different from the width dimension of the container itself, and the operation width dimension of the container should be generally larger than the maximum outer width dimension of the container transport vehicle (including the rearview mirrors at the two sides of the vehicle head).
Common goods: refers to various cargoes which have no special form and requirements and are suitable for being carried by manual or general machines (forklift, conveyor and the like), such as various solid cargoes, packaged dry bulk form, liquid or gaseous cargoes and the like.
Dry bulk: refers to various cargoes in dry and scattered forms such as grains, feeds, starch, coal, cement and the like in granular, powdery, broken and the like.
And (5) floor loading and unloading: the container is lifted and lowered to the ground for cargo loading and unloading, and the container is suitable for common cargo by adopting manual or general machinery, and can be used for loading and unloading dry bulk cargo.
And (3) loading and unloading by vertical rotation: the container vertical rotation loading and unloading device is used for loading and unloading cargoes by tilting or erecting the container, and is particularly suitable for loading and unloading dry bulk cargoes, and the container is inclined at a certain angle, so that the normal cargo loading and unloading can be carried out more conveniently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a special loading and unloading device for a riding type railway container and a method for carrying out various loading and unloading operations of the railway container by adopting the device, and solve the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a special handling equipment of straddle type railway container, mainly comprises portal frame, cart running gear, dolly running gear, lifting frame, lifting device, hoist controlling means etc. its characterized in that: the portal frame mainly comprises a base, an upright post, a top two main beams and the like, the portal frame is biased to ride on a railway line, in the portal frame span, a container operation width can be contained on a field on one side of the railway line, a two-lane structure mode can be formed by a container transportation truck in a longitudinal direction (along the direction of the railway line), so that the loading and unloading operation of the container can be carried out on the field on one side of the railway line, a cart running device is arranged at the bottom of the portal frame, equipment can longitudinally run along the direction of the railway line so as to hoist railway containers in different positions, the cart running device is a tire type, the main beams are provided with rails, the cart running device is located on the rails and runs along the rails, the cart running device is driven by a hydraulic motor, four groups of cart running wheels are arranged at four corners of the cart frame, and the lifting frame is of a frame structure and mainly comprises a hydraulic winch in a lifting mode of steel wire ropes: the lifting device comprises two hydraulic winches, four groups of fixed pulleys and four groups of movable pulleys, wherein the two hydraulic winches are respectively arranged at two ends of a trolley frame, the four groups of fixed pulleys are respectively arranged at four corners of the trolley frame, the four groups of movable pulleys are respectively arranged at four corners of a lifting frame, the distance between the four groups of fixed pulleys is larger than the distance between the four groups of movable pulleys in the walking direction of a trolley walking device, a lifting wire rope is in an inclined state so as to reduce the swinging of the lifting device during working, the lifting frame can be driven by the lifting device to do up-down lifting motion, the lifting device is sleeved on the lifting frame in a floating manner, the lifting device control device adopts an oil cylinder driving mode and mainly comprises two double-out-rod oil cylinders, the two oil cylinders are arranged between two cross beams in the middle of the lifting frame, the two oil cylinders are respectively fixedly arranged on lifting device longitudinal beams, when piston rods of the two double-out-rod oil cylinders extend out from the same sides, the middle cross beams of the lifting frame are pushed, the lifting device can be driven to swing left and right relative to the lifting frame, and when the piston rods of the two double-out-rod oil cylinders extend out from the opposite sides of the lifting frame, the lifting device can be driven to do clockwise or anticlockwise twisting relative to the lifting frame.
The portal frame can also be ridden on the railway line in the middle, in the portal frame span, a container operation width can be contained on the fields on two sides of the railway line, and the portal frame can normally pass through a container transport vehicle so as to carry out operations such as container loading and unloading on the fields on two sides of the railway line, and the device is called as a special loading and unloading device for the three-lane container.
The tire type cart running device is tire type, and can realize 0-90 degree steering of the tire, so that the equipment can walk longitudinally and transversely, and also can realize 180 degree steering and turning of the equipment in situ, and the tire type cart running device and the 0-90 degree steering and the 180 degree steering of the equipment in situ are the prior art, such as a tire type container portal crane, a container straddle carrier and the like.
The cart running device can also be a track type or a crawler type, when the cart running device is a track type, the tracks are required to be paved at the two sides of the railway line, and the crawler type or the track type cart running device is a prior known technology, such as a track type container portal crane, a crawler type automobile crane and the like.
The special loading and unloading equipment for the railway container can also cancel a large-truck running device, and the door frame is fixedly arranged on the ground, so that the railway container at different positions is hoisted by the moving position of a railway container train.
The driving mode of the trolley travelling wheel of the trolley travelling device can also adopt known modes such as a motor speed reducer, gear transmission, chain transmission and the like.
The lifting device can also adopt a well-known lifting mode such as a motor speed reducer winch wire rope and the like.
The trolley comprises a trolley body, a trolley frame, a lifting wire rope, two guide posts, a lifting device, a lifting wire rope, a lifting device and a lifting device, wherein the trolley body is provided with the guide posts on two sides of the trolley body, the two guide posts are respectively sleeved in the guide structures on two sides of the trolley body, the two guide posts can be fixedly connected into a whole by a cross beam at the top, the lifting device is arranged in the walking direction of the trolley body, the distance between four groups of fixed pulleys is the same as the distance between four groups of movable pulleys, the lifting wire rope is in a vertical state, and the two guide posts are respectively lifted and moved in the guide structures on two sides of the trolley body under the driving of the lifting device so as to reduce the swing of the lifting device during working.
The lifting device can also be an oil cylinder type, two oil cylinders are respectively arranged in the spaces of the two guide upright posts of the lifting frame, the cylinder barrel ends of the oil cylinders are hinged on the trolley frame of the trolley travelling device, the piston rod ends of the oil cylinders are hinged on the lifting frame, and the two oil cylinders lift or lower the lifting frame, so that the lifting appliance and the lifting container are driven.
The lifting frame is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the frame structure, and two guide beams are arranged symmetrically relative to the longitudinal center line of the lifting frame; the center of the lifting appliance is fixedly provided with a positioning cylinder, the positioning cylinder is inserted between the two guide beams, and the center of the lifting appliance is always positioned on the longitudinal central line of the lifting frame when the lifting appliance swings left and right and twists clockwise and anticlockwise under the driving of the lifting appliance control device, so that the lifting appliance can be better positioned and controlled.
The lifting frame is of a telescopic structure and comprises a lifting frame body and an expansion joint, the lifting frame body comprises two upright posts, the two upright posts are respectively sleeved in the expansion joint, the expansion joint can be of a first stage and a second stage so as to be more in stages, the upper end of the expansion joint is fixed or hung on a trolley travelling device, cylinder barrel ends of two oil cylinders of the lifting device are hinged to a trolley frame of the trolley travelling device, piston rod ends of the two oil cylinders are hinged to the lower part of the lifting frame, and the lifting frame is driven by the oil cylinders to do up-down telescopic motion, so that a lifting appliance is driven to lift a container.
The center of the trolley travelling device is additionally provided with a set of slewing mechanism, the slewing mechanism consists of a fixed disc, a slewing driving device and the like, the fixed disc is fixed at the center of a trolley frame of the trolley travelling device, the slewing disc is fixedly connected with the upper end of a lifting frame, the slewing disc can drive the lifting frame to rotate around the slewing center under the driving of the slewing driving device, so that the lifting frame can also drive a lifting appliance and a container to rotate, the lifting frame can be fixed or telescopic, the slewing driving device can be a swinging oil cylinder, a motor reducer and the like, and the trolley travelling device with the slewing mechanism and the lifting frame with a telescopic structure are adopted by the equipment, so that the container can be swiveled 180 degrees and the direction of the container door can be adjusted when the lifting appliance is positioned at the center of the equipment.
The special loading and unloading equipment for the straddle type railway container is characterized in that the special loading and unloading equipment for the straddle type railway container is reasonably matched and combined according to the functional structures, is equivalent to transformation, can form equipment with various different configurations, and has different operation functions so as to meet different operation requirements and field conditions.
The invention relates to a railway container loading and unloading operation method, which has the technical scheme that: the special railway container handling equipment straddles the railway line, can be matched with railway container handling equipment with different configurations to hoist the containers according to different railway container handling operation types and field conditions, adopts a container transportation truck to transport the containers, selects different types of container vertical rotation handling equipment to carry out vertical rotation handling of the containers, selects a conveyor or a forklift to carry out cargo handling and transportation, and does not need to be provided with other container hoisting equipment, such as auxiliary operations of a large gantry container crane, a container front crane and the like. When the two-lane container-dedicated handling equipment is selected, the work can be performed only on the railway line side, and when the three-lane container-dedicated handling equipment is selected, the work can be performed on the railway line side. The railway container loading and unloading operation method can realize a plurality of operation modes, and mainly comprises the following 4 typical operation modes: the operation mode 1 is that stacking, loading and unloading operations are carried out on railway transportation containers; the operation mode 2 is to change or smash the railway transportation container, and the container is transported by a container transportation truck; the operation mode 3 is to carry out floor loading and unloading operation on the railway transportation container; the operation mode 4 is to perform vertical rotation unloading operation on the railway dry bulk container; these different modes of operation are applicable to different site conditions and different job requirements, respectively. The following description will be made of the working procedures of the 4 typical working modes, respectively, taking as an example a special handling device for railway containers having two lanes and tires.
Operation steps of operation mode 1: the method comprises the following steps of: starting special loading and unloading equipment for railway containers to align to the containers to be loaded and unloaded, starting a trolley travelling device, enabling a lifting appliance to be close to the top surface of the containers, swinging and twisting the lifting appliance through a lifting appliance control device, locking the containers after aligning to lock holes, lifting the containers to a place on one side of a railway line, placing the containers on the ground or on the original containers, and realizing stacking operation of the containers; the container stacking operation on other railway lines is carried out one by one in a circulating and reciprocating mode; obviously, the reverse operation of the steps can be performed, and the container at the stacking position can be lifted to the railway transportation vehicle.
Operation steps of operation mode 2: the railway transportation container is changed or smashed, a two-lane and tire type special railway container loading and unloading device is adopted to hoist the container, and a container transportation truck is adopted to transport the container, and the steps are as follows: starting a special loading and unloading device for railway containers to align to the containers to be loaded and unloaded, starting a trolley travelling device, approaching a lifting appliance to the top surface of the containers, swinging and twisting the lifting appliance through a lifting appliance control device, locking the containers after aligning to lock holes, lifting the containers to a place on one side of a railway line, stopping the container transport truck at a preset position in a portal frame for waiting, placing the containers on the container transport truck for carrying away, or placing the containers on the place, and realizing the replacement or tamping operation of the containers; the container replacement or box tamping operation on all railway lines is completed by circulating and reciprocating in this way; obviously, the reverse operation of the steps can be carried out, so that the container on a container transport truck or a railway line on the side of the railway line can be replaced or tamped on a railway transport vehicle; when the special railway container loading and unloading equipment with the slewing mechanism is adopted, the container can be changed or smashed after the direction of the container door is turned.
Operation steps of operation mode 3: the method comprises the steps of carrying out floor loading and unloading operation on a railway transportation container, lifting the container by adopting special equipment for loading and unloading the railway container by adopting a two-lane and tire type railway container, and carrying out loading and unloading transportation on cargoes by adopting a conveyor or a forklift, wherein the steps are as follows: starting special equipment for railway container loading and unloading to the container to be loaded and unloaded, starting a trolley travelling device, enabling a lifting appliance to be close to the top surface of the container, swinging and twisting the lifting appliance through a lifting appliance control device, locking the container after aligning a lock hole, lifting the container to a place on one side of a railway line, placing the container on the ground, opening a container door, transporting and unloading cargoes by using a conveyor, a forklift or manpower, closing the door after the cargoes are loaded and unloaded, lifting the container back to a railway transport vehicle, and completing the landing and loading and unloading operation of the container; in order to leave the working space of the cargo handling box, the containers can be separated by adopting a mode of interval operation, so that the containers are circularly reciprocated to finish the floor handling operation of the containers on all railway lines.
Operation procedure of operation mode 4: the method comprises the following steps of carrying out vertical rotation loading and unloading operation on a railway dry bulk container, lifting the container by adopting two-lane and tire type special railway container loading and unloading equipment, transporting the container by adopting a container transportation truck as required, carrying out vertical rotation loading and unloading of cargoes by adopting a container vertical rotation loading and unloading truck or a container vertical rotation loading and unloading platform and door type container vertical rotation loading and unloading equipment, and carrying out loading and unloading transportation of cargoes by adopting a conveyor, wherein the method comprises the following steps: starting a special loading and unloading device for railway containers to align to the containers to be loaded and unloaded, starting a trolley travelling device, enabling a lifting appliance to be close to the top surface of the containers, swinging and twisting the lifting appliance through a lifting appliance control device, locking the containers after aligning with lock holes, lifting the containers to a place on one side of a railway line, stopping the container vertical rotation loading and unloading vehicle at a preset position in a door frame for waiting, placing the containers on the container vertical rotation loading and unloading vehicle, transporting the containers to a cargo loading and unloading place, opening a container door, unloading dry bulk materials on a conveyor when the container opening is turned downwards, loading the dry bulk materials by the conveyor when the container opening is turned upwards, returning the containers into the door frame after the cargo loading and unloading is completed, lifting the containers back to the railway container transport vehicle, completing the vertical rotation loading and unloading operation of the containers, and completing the vertical rotation loading and unloading operation of the dry bulk materials of the containers on all railway lines in a circulating manner; when the container vertical rotation loading and unloading platform is adopted, the operation steps are as follows: the container vertical rotation loading platform can be directly arranged on a site lane in special loading and unloading equipment for railway containers, the railway containers are lifted out of a railway line and are directly placed on the container vertical rotation loading and unloading platform, vertical rotation loading and unloading of dry and scattered cargoes are carried out on site, and after the cargoes are loaded and unloaded, the containers are lifted and put back on a railway container transport vehicle; when door-type container vertical rotation loading and unloading equipment is adopted, the operation steps are as follows: the door type container vertical rotation loading and unloading equipment is arranged at a cargo loading and unloading site, a container is smashed to the cargo loading and unloading site by adopting a container transportation truck, the container is stopped in the door type container vertical rotation loading and unloading equipment, the door type container vertical rotation loading and unloading equipment directly and vertically rotates after lifting the container from the truck, dry bulk cargo loading and unloading is carried out, a box door is closed after the cargo loading and unloading is finished, the container is put back on the truck, and the container is transported back into the door type frame.
When the equipment with different configurations is adopted to carry out different container loading and unloading operations, the operation method and the operation steps can be obtained according to the same principle.
The present invention relates to a straddle-type railway container special handling device and a straddle-type railway container handling method, which are not limited to railway container handling operations in railway stations, but can be used for handling other goods and other operations in other non-railway stations, such as container terminals, container stations, grain depots, goods yards and other places.
The invention has the positive effects that: the special loading and unloading equipment and the operation method for the riding type railway container provided by the invention can realize various loading and unloading operations of the railway container without the need of being provided with other conventional general large container lifting equipment, such as a large gantry container crane, a container front crane and the like, and the special loading and unloading equipment for the railway container has various functional configurations, provides various operation process methods, can meet different site conditions and operation requirements, occupies smaller operation site space, reduces the condition requirements of the operation site, has small overall investment, has reasonable equipment matching, greatly saves operation cost and expense, and improves the operation efficiency and the overall benefit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an isometric view of the handling of equipment (including containers and trucks) according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an isometric view of the general structure of a first embodiment of the invention (centering the spreader).
Fig. 3 is an overall structural elevation view (centering the spreader) of the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a side view of the general structure of the first embodiment of the invention (centering the spreader).
Fig. 5 is an effect diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention riding on a railway line to hoist a container.
Fig. 6 is an effect diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention riding on a railway line for changing containers.
Fig. 7 is an isometric view (partially in section) of a cart running gear in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is an isometric view (partially in section) of a trolley travel device in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is an overall structural elevation view (centering the spreader) of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a side view of the overall structure (centering the spreader) of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is an isometric view of a lifting device of a third embodiment of the invention, which is a ram.
Fig. 12 is a side view of a hoist according to a third embodiment of the present invention shown as an oil cylinder.
Fig. 13 is an isometric view of a spreader handling device, etc. (with the portal frame and cart running gear removed) in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is an isometric view of a fifth embodiment of the invention (with the portal frame and cart running gear removed) of a telescoping boom or the like.
Fig. 15 is an isometric view of a trolley travel unit with swing mechanism and telescoping boom of a sixth embodiment of the invention (with the portal frame and trolley travel unit removed).
Fig. 16 is a front view of a trolley travel device with a swing mechanism, a telescopic hoist, and the like according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 17 is an effect diagram of a railway container changing or ramming operation method according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 18 is an effect diagram of a railway container vertical rotation loading and unloading operation method according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and several exemplary embodiments, wherein the special handling equipment for railway containers of various other structural types can be obtained by the technical solutions of the present specification and the equivalent changes of the exemplary embodiments or the addition or subtraction combination of the structural components, and the special handling methods for railway containers of various other modes can be obtained by the technical solutions of the present specification and the equivalent changes of the exemplary embodiments or the selection changes of the equipment types, the alternative addition or subtraction combination of the operation steps, and the like, and are within the scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 1-4, and is a special loading and unloading device for a straddle type railway container, which is a basic structural type and mainly comprises a portal frame 1, a cart running device 2, a trolley running device 3, a lifting frame 4, a lifting device 5, a lifting appliance 6, a lifting appliance control device 7 and the like, and is characterized in that: the portal frame 1 comprises a base, an upright post, two top girders 1.1 and the like, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the portal frame 1 is biased to ride on a railway line, in the span of the portal frame 1, on the field on one side of the railway line, one container operation width can be contained, and the portal frame 1 can also longitudinally (along the direction of the railway line) normally pass through a container transportation truck, so that a two-lane structure mode is formed, a cart travelling device 2 is arranged under the base of the portal frame 1, so that equipment can longitudinally travel along the direction of the railway line, so as to hoist railway containers in different positions, the cart travelling device 1 is a tire type, the girders 1.1 are provided with rails, the cart travelling device 3 sits on the rails and travels along the rails, the cart travelling device 3 is composed of a cart frame 3.1, four groups of cart travelling wheels 3.2 and the like, the cart travelling wheels 3.2 are driven by hydraulic motors, the four groups of cart travelling wheels 3.2 are arranged at four corners of the cart frame 3.1, the cart travelling device 4 is a lifting frame 4, and the lifting frame 4 is a lifting rope 4 is connected with the lifting frame 4 through a lifting rope, and the lifting frame 4 is a lifting rope 5, and the lifting device is connected with the lifting frame 5.5 comprises a lifting rope lifting device: the two hydraulic winches 5.1, four groups of fixed pulleys 5.2 and four groups of movable pulleys 5.3 are respectively arranged at two ends of the trolley frame 3.1, four groups of fixed pulleys 5.2 are respectively arranged at four corners of the trolley frame 3.1, four groups of movable pulleys 5.3 are respectively arranged at four corners of the lifting frame 4, the distance between the four groups of fixed pulleys 5.2 is larger than the distance between the four groups of movable pulleys 5.3 in the traveling direction of the trolley traveling device, a lifting wire rope is in an inclined state so as to reduce swinging when the lifting device 5 drives the lifting frame 4 to do up-down lifting motion, the lifting device 7 adopts an oil cylinder driving mode and mainly comprises two double-output-rod oil cylinders 7.1, two oil cylinders are respectively fixedly arranged on longitudinal beams of the lifting frame 6, when piston rods of the two double-output-rod oil cylinders 7.1 extend out from the same side, the middle cross beams of the lifting frame can drive the lifting frame 6 to swing left and right relative to the lifting frame 4, and when the two double-output-rod oil cylinders 7.1 extend from the same side relative to the lifting frame 4 can drive the lifting frame 4 to rotate clockwise or the lifting frame 4 to extend anticlockwise.
A second embodiment of the present invention, shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, is a straddle-type railway container-dedicated loading and unloading apparatus, which is different from the first embodiment in that: the trolley frame 3.1 both sides of the trolley travelling device 3 are provided with guide structures 3.3, the both sides of the lifting frame 4 are respectively provided with guide upright posts 4.1, the two guide upright posts 4.1 are respectively sleeved in the guide structures 3.3 on both sides of the trolley frame 3.1, the lifting device 5 is arranged in a lifting manner, the spacing between four groups of fixed pulleys 5.2 is the same as the spacing between four groups of movable pulleys 5.3 in the travelling direction of the trolley travelling device, a lifting steel wire rope is in a vertical state, and under the driving of the lifting device 5, the two guide upright posts 4.1 respectively lift in the guide structures 3.3 on both sides of the trolley frame 3.1 so as to reduce the swing of the lifting appliance during working.
A third embodiment of the present invention, shown in fig. 11 and 12, is a straddle-type railway container-dedicated loading and unloading apparatus, which is different from the second embodiment in that: the lifting device 5 is an oil cylinder type, two oil cylinders 5.4 are respectively arranged in the spaces of two guide upright posts 4.1 of the lifting frame 4, the cylinder barrel ends of the oil cylinders 5.4 are hinged on the trolley frame 3.1 of the trolley travelling device 3, the piston rod ends of the oil cylinders 5.4 are hinged on the lifting frame 4, and the two oil cylinders 5.4 lift or lower the lifting frame 4, so that the lifting appliance 6 is driven, and the container is lifted.
A fourth embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 13, a straddle-type railway container specific handling apparatus, differing from the third embodiment in that: two guide beams 4.2 are arranged in the middle of the bottom of the frame structure of the lifting frame 4, and the two guide beams 4.2 are symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal center line of the lifting frame 4; the center of the lifting appliance 6 is fixedly provided with a positioning cylinder 6.1, the positioning cylinder 6.1 is inserted between the two guide beams 4.2, the positioning cylinder moves left and right along with the lifting appliance 6 when the lifting appliance 6 swings left and right, and the center of the lifting appliance 6 is positioned on the longitudinal center line of the lifting frame 4 when the lifting appliance 6 twists clockwise and anticlockwise, so that the lifting appliance 6 can be controlled better; in the embodiment, the guide upright posts 4.1 on two sides of the lifting frame 4 are fixedly connected into a whole at the top by a cross beam.
A fifth embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 14, and a straddle-type railway container-dedicated loading and unloading apparatus is different from the fourth embodiment in that: the lifting frame 4 is of a telescopic structure and consists of a lifting frame body and telescopic joints 4.2, the lifting frame body comprises two upright posts 4.1, the two upright posts 4.1 are arranged on the inner sides of the two main beams 1.1, the two upright posts 4.1 are respectively sleeved in the two telescopic joints 4.2, the telescopic joints 4.2 are two-stage telescopic, the upper ends of the telescopic joints 4.2 are fixed or hung on the trolley travelling device 3, cylinder barrel ends of two oil cylinders 5.4 of the lifting device 5 are hinged to a trolley frame 3.1 of the trolley travelling device 3, piston rod ends of the two oil cylinders 5.4 are hinged to the lower part of the lifting frame 4, and the lifting frame 4 is driven by the lifting device oil cylinders 5.4 to do up-down telescopic motion, so that the lifting appliance 6 is driven to lift a container.
A sixth embodiment of the present invention, shown in fig. 15 and 16, is a straddle-type railway container-dedicated loading and unloading apparatus, which is different from the fifth embodiment in that: the center of the trolley travelling device 3 is additionally provided with a set of rotary mechanism 3.4, the rotary mechanism 3.4 consists of a rotary support 3.4.1 and a swinging oil cylinder 3.4.2, the rotary support 3.4.1 comprises a fixed disc and a rotary disc, the fixed disc is fixed at the center of the trolley frame 3.1, the rotary disc is fixedly connected with the upper end of the lifting frame 4, and the rotary disc can drive the lifting frame 4 to rotate around the rotary center under the driving of the swinging oil cylinder 3.4.2, so that the lifting appliance 6 and the container are driven to rotate, and the container can be rotated 180 degrees when the lifting appliance is positioned at the center of the equipment.
A seventh embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 17, and a railway container changing or tamping method, in which a two-lane, tire type railway container dedicated handling device is used to hoist a container, and a container transporting truck is used to transport the container, includes the steps of: starting special railway container loading and unloading equipment to align to a container to be loaded and unloaded, starting a trolley travelling device, enabling a lifting appliance to be close to the top surface of the container, swinging and twisting the lifting appliance through a lifting appliance control device, locking the container after aligning to a lock hole, lifting the container to a place on one side of a railway line, stopping a container transport truck at a preset position in a portal frame for waiting, placing the container on the container transport truck for carrying away, or placing the container on the place, and realizing the replacement or tamping operation of the container; the container replacement or box tamping operation on all railway lines is completed by circulating and reciprocating in this way; obviously, the reverse operation of the steps can be carried out, so that the container on a container transport truck or a railway line on the side of the railway line can be replaced or tamped on a railway transport vehicle; when the special loading and unloading equipment for the railway container is adopted, the trolley travelling device is provided with the slewing mechanism and the telescopic lifting frame, and the container can be changed or smashed after the direction of the container door is turned.
An eighth embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 18, and is a working method for loading and unloading dry bulk containers on railways, which is a typical working mode with complex technological process, and other working modes can be obtained by referring to the mode to perform various same transformations such as selection change of equipment types, option and increase and decrease combination of working steps, etc., the working mode adopts a tire type railway container special equipment with a turning mechanism for a two-lane and trolley running device to lift containers, adopts a container transport truck to transport the containers, adopts a door type container vertical-turning loading and unloading device to load and unload cargoes, and adopts a conveyor to load and unload cargoes, and the whole working process does not need to be equipped with other general large container lifting equipment, such as large gantry type container cranes, container front cranes, etc. auxiliary operations. The method comprises the following steps: the special equipment for railway container loading and unloading is started to align the container to be loaded and unloaded, a trolley travelling device is started, a lifting appliance is close to the top surface of the container, the lifting appliance is swung and twisted through a lifting appliance control device, the container is locked after being aligned with a lock hole, the container is lifted and transported into a place on one side of a railway line, a container transport truck is stopped at a preset position in a portal frame for waiting, the container is placed on the container transport truck, transported to a cargo loading and unloading place, stopped in portal container vertical rotation loading and unloading equipment, the portal container vertical rotation loading and unloading equipment lifts the container from the truck and then directly and vertically rotates the container, dry bulk cargo loading and unloading is carried out, after the cargo loading and unloading is completed, the container is closed on the truck, the container is put back on the truck and transported back into the portal frame, the container is lifted back to the railway container transport vehicle, the vertical rotation loading and unloading operation of the container is completed, and the dry bulk cargo vertical rotation loading and unloading operation of the container on all railway lines is completed in a circulating way.