CN108655252B - A kind of metal forming apparatus and method - Google Patents
A kind of metal forming apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108655252B CN108655252B CN201810383161.1A CN201810383161A CN108655252B CN 108655252 B CN108655252 B CN 108655252B CN 201810383161 A CN201810383161 A CN 201810383161A CN 108655252 B CN108655252 B CN 108655252B
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- metal
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- metal forming
- metal works
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/14—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces applying magnetic forces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/06—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves
- B21D26/10—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves generated by evaporation, e.g. of wire, of liquids
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of metal forming apparatus and method, the device include metal forming coil, mold, power supply, blank holder and for concentrate metal forming coil temperatures gasify when generate shock wave restricted type chamber.Mold is staggered relatively with workpiece, applies pressure-pad-force to workpiece flange region by blank holder, form-wound coil is placed between workpiece and restricted type chamber, and is connected to power supply.When work, form-wound coil drives workpiece deformation in workpiece area inductive impulse electromagnetic force by pulse current；Meanwhile pulse current will generate Joule heat in form-wound coil region, and then be more than the fusing point of metal, lead to Metal gasification, generate plasma, and generate shock wave, driving workpiece further deforms.The present invention is combined by the shock wave that pulse power and the gasification of through-flow metallic plasma generate, realize the high-speed pulse forming of metal works, the difficulty of processing and cost of form-wound coil is effectively reduced, reduces requirement of the forming to workpiece conductivity, significantly improves forming capacity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal forming manufacturing technology fields, more particularly, to a kind of pulse-electromagnetic force and wire
The high-rate forming device and method of (foil) energization explosion wave coordinated drive.
Background technique
The high speed development in the fields such as aerospace, automobile proposes increasingly higher demands to the use of light alloy material.
However, the light alloy materials such as aluminium alloy shape at room temperature, plasticity is lower, carries out processing effect using traditional processing technology
It is unsatisfactory.Studies have shown that electromagnetic forming technique because the factors such as high shaping rate can greatly improve metal forming performance, is real
The important method of the light materials processing such as existing aluminium alloy.
Currently, the development of electromagnetic forming technique is seriously limited to the service life of form-wound coil.In general, during electro-magnetic forming,
For form-wound coil while generating the pulse-electromagnetic force of driving workpiece deformation, its own has been also subjected to huge electromagnetism, heat, machinery
Load, when load is more than coil ability to bear, coil will be destroyed, and then lead to failure or even the whole system of forming
Destruction.
On the other hand, it is limited to the basic principle of electromagnetic induction, electro-magnetic forming is usually applicable only to the material of high conductivity
(such as aluminium, copper alloy), and for the material of low conductivity (such as stainless steel), forming efficiency is very low.
The existing technical bottleneck of above-mentioned two o'clock shows to expand the application of electro-magnetic forming, is badly in need of proposing low cost, high forming
The electro-magnetic forming coil new construction of ability and new processing technology.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of metal forming apparatus and method,
Thus the basic principle that existing electromagnetic forming technique is limited to form-wound coil service life and electromagnetic induction is solved, caused forming is volatile
Effect and the technical problem low for low conductivity forming efficiency.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a kind of metal forming apparatus is provided, comprising: metal
Form-wound coil 1, power supply 6, mold 2, blank holder 3 and for collect described in metal forming 1 high-temperature gasification of coil when generate shock wave
Restricted type chamber 5；
The mold 2 and metal works 4 to be formed are staggered relatively, the blank holder 3 and 4 phase of metal works to be formed
To placement, the restricted type chamber 5 and the metal works 4 to be formed are staggered relatively, wherein the blank holder 3 and the constraint
Type chamber 5 is located at the same side of the metal works 4 to be formed, and the mold 2 is located at the another of the metal works 4 to be formed
Side, between the metal works 4 to be formed and the restricted type chamber 5, the power supply 6 connects the metal forming coil 1
The metal forming coil 1.
Preferably, the blank holder 3 is used to provide pressure-pad-force for the flange region of the metal works 4 to be formed, described
Metal forming coil 1, for being that the metal works 4 to be formed provide pulse-electromagnetic force in the first discharge regime, described in driving
Metal works 4 to be formed deform；It heats up and gasifies in the second discharge regime and generate plasma, while generating shock wave, it is real
It is real in a manner of being combined by pulse-electromagnetic force and gasification shock wave now to the second load of the metal works 4 to be formed
Now form the metal works to be formed 4.
Preferably, the structure of the metal forming coil 1 can be according to the metal works 4 to be formed and the mold 2
Geometry and performance parameter are configured, the bigger corresponding coil in region of deflection needed for the metal works 4 to be formed
The number of turns it is more.
Preferably, described device includes at least a set of metal forming coil 1 and at least a set of power supply 6.
It is another aspect of this invention to provide that providing a kind of metal forming method, comprising:
By power supply to metal forming coil discharge, pulse current is generated, and then generates impulse magnetic field, in gold to be formed
Metal work-pieces region inductive impulse electromagnetic force drives the metal works high-speed deformation to be formed；Meanwhile the pulse current is to institute
It states metal forming coil to be heated, increases the temperature of the metal forming coil sharply, and then gasify, generate high temperature
Plasma, and then shock wave is generated, further realize the second load to the metal works to be formed；In pulse electromagnetic
Under power and the collective effect of gasification shock wave, the forming of the metal works to be formed is finally realized.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, can obtain down and show
Beneficial effect:
By coiling metal forming coil, the manufacturing cost of coil is significantly reduced；Meanwhile it being driven using pulse-electromagnetic force
On the basis of moving workpiece deformation to be formed, metal forming coil is effectively utilized when plasma gasification occurs by high current
Shock wave is used for the second load of Work piece high-speed deformation, significantly improves forming efficiency by the shock wave of generation；In addition, this hair
It is bright can the material of low conductivity (such as stainless steel) that can not shape of valid shaping tradition electro-magnetic forming thus significantly extend work
The scope of application of skill.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of metal forming apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of form-wound coil provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of operation principle schematic diagram of metal forming apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is indicated
Pulse current waveform figure (b) indicates that pulse-electromagnetic force acts on interval graph, (c) indicates Metal gasification shock wave section；
In all the appended drawings, identical appended drawing reference is used to denote the same element or structure, in which: 1- form-wound coil,
2- mold, 3- blank holder, 4- workpiece to be formed, 5- are used to constrain the restricted type chamber of shock wave, 6- power supply, 7- pulse current wave
Shape.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
Not constituting a conflict with each other can be combined with each other.
The present invention provides the high-rate forming devices of a kind of pulse-electromagnetic force and metal electrification explosion wave coordinated drive
And method generates pulse high current in metal forming coil by power supply to metal forming coil discharge: at the initial stage of electric discharge,
Metal forming coil generates by way of electromagnetic induction pulse-electromagnetic force in metal works to be formed, drives gold to be formed
Metal work-pieces high-speed deformation；With continuing for discharge process, metal forming coil temperature will sharply rise under the action of Joule heat
Height, and then gasify, and acutely chemical reaction occurs with surrounding medium (such as water, air), plasma is generated, with gas
The high speed of body expands, and will generate high speed impact wave in metal works to be formed, and realize the second load for treating form metal workpiece,
Further drive metal works high-speed deformation to be formed.Metal forming coil is low in cost, meanwhile, it is huge in metal forming coil
Big joule thermal drivers when leading to Metal gasification, can generate useful shock wave, and metal works to be formed is driven to deform, because
This can significantly improve forming capacity.
As shown in Figure 1, the metal forming apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention include: metal forming coil 1, mold 2, blank holder 3,
The restricted type chamber 5 and power supply 6 of shock wave are generated when for concentrating metal forming 1 high-temperature gasification of coil；
Wherein, metal works 4 and mold 2 to be formed are staggered relatively, and blank holder 3 and metal works 4 to be formed are staggered relatively,
Restricted type chamber 5 and metal works 4 to be formed are staggered relatively, and metal forming coil 1 is located at metal works 4 to be formed and restricted type chamber
Between 5, power supply 6 can be connect by cable with metal forming coil 1.
Wherein, metal forming coil 1 can be formed by wire (foil) coiling.
Wherein, power supply 6 can be connect by switching with metal forming coil 1, when needing that operation is formed, closure electricity
Source switch, to provide pulse current by power supply 6 for metal forming coil.
Blank holder 3 is used to provide pressure-pad-force for the flange region of metal works 4 to be formed, and metal forming coil 1 is for being
Metal works 4 to be formed provide pulse-electromagnetic force, and metal works 3 to be formed is driven to deform, meanwhile, metal forming coil 1 is in height
Shock wave is generated when wet, realizes the secondary driving for treating form metal workpiece 3, restricted type chamber 5 is for constraining metal forming
The shock wave that coil 1 generates when gasifying, realizes the maximization of efficiency.
As shown in Fig. 2, the structure of metal forming coil 1 can according to the geometry of metal works 4 and mold 2 to be formed,
And its parameters such as electricity, mechanical property, optimize setting；It is real by the flexible configuration to 1 geometry of metal forming coil
The Effective Regulation of existing pulse-electromagnetic force and the shock wave spatial distribution that gasifies, and then realize the Effective Regulation to workpiece deformational behavior.
More numbers of ampere turns are arranged in 4 region of metal works to be formed for needing more aximal deformation value, and then improve the pulse electricity in the region
The amplitude of magnetic force and Metal gasification shock wave.In Fig. 2, the top winding area of metal forming coil 1 is weak load region, under
Square winding area is strong load region.
In embodiments of the present invention, the parameters such as the section of metal forming coil 1, conductivity, thermal conductivity, thermal capacity, can be with
It is in optimized selection as needed, to guarantee that metal form-wound coil 1 while generating pulse-electromagnetic force, and can discharge
Deuterogenesis's Metal gasification, generate huge shock wave, realize the secondary driving of workpiece.
As shown in figure 3, the original state of metal works 4 to be formed is 41, power supply 6 discharges to metal forming coil 1, generates
Pulse high current is such as schemed shown in (a), in the elementary step (0~t1 moment) of pulse current load, 1 temperature of metal forming coil
It is lower, pulse high current can be steadily carried, and generate impulse magnetic field in peripheral region, and then in metal works to be formed
41 region inductive impulse electromagnetic forces, drive its high-speed deformation, metal works to be formed driven to 42 states, as scheme (b) institute
Show.With the load of pulse current, the temperature of metal forming coil 1 is sharply increased, and at the t1 moment, metal forming coil 1 occurs
Gasification, and high-temperature plasma is generated, and then generate huge shock wave, and then realize and treat the secondary of form metal workpiece 42
Load, finally obtains the form metal workpiece for the good mold that state is 43, such as schemes shown in (c).
As an alternative embodiment, the forming device of the embodiment of the present invention can also be according to practical metal work to be formed
The complexity of part configures more set metal forming coils, and covers power supply more, and every set coil can be used independent power supply and provide energy,
By being distributed rationally to every set form-wound coil and capacitor, realize to pulse-electromagnetic force and plasma gasification shock wave space-time
Effective control of distribution, and then realize the optimum control of forming effect.
The high-rate forming method that the shock wave that the pulse-electromagnetic force and Metal gasification of the embodiment of the present invention generate combines includes
Following steps:
(1) metal works 4 to be formed and mold 2 are staggered relatively；
(2) blank holder 3 and metal works 4 to be formed is staggered relatively；
(3) restricted type chamber 5 and metal works 4 to be formed is staggered relatively；
(4) metal forming coil 1 is placed between metal works 4 and restricted type chamber 5 to be formed；
(5) power supply 6 is connect by cable with metal forming coil 1；
(6) it is discharged by power supply 6 metal forming coil 1, generates huge pulse current, generate impulse magnetic field,
4 region inductive impulse electromagnetic force of metal works to be formed, drives 4 high-speed deformation of metal works to be formed；Meanwhile huge pulse
Electric current heats metal forming coil 1, increases the temperature of metal forming coil 1 sharply, and then gasify, and generates high
Isothermal plasma, and then huge shock wave is generated, under the constraint of restricted type chamber 5, further realizes and treat form metal
The second load of workpiece 4；Under the collective effect of pulse-electromagnetic force and gasification shock wave, metal works 4 to be formed are finally realized
Forming.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of metal forming apparatus, comprising: metal forming coil (1), power supply (6), mold (2) and blank holder (3), it is special
Sign is, further includes: the restricted type chamber (5) of shock wave is generated when metal forming coil (1) high-temperature gasification described in being used to collect；
The mold (2) and metal works to be formed (4) are staggered relatively, the blank holder (3) and the metal works to be formed
(4) staggered relatively, the restricted type chamber (5) and the metal works (4) to be formed are staggered relatively, wherein the blank holder (3)
It is located at the same side of the metal works (4) to be formed with the restricted type chamber (5), the mold (2) is located at described to be formed
The other side of metal works (4), the metal forming coil (1) are located at the metal works (4) to be formed and the restricted type
Between chamber (5), the power supply (6) connects the metal forming coil (1).
2. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the blank holder (3) is used to be the metal work to be formed
The flange region of part (4) provides pressure-pad-force, the metal forming coil (1), for being described to be formed in the first discharge regime
Metal works (4) provide pulse-electromagnetic force, drive metal works (4) deformation to be formed；It heats up in the second discharge regime
And gasify and generate plasma, while generating shock wave, the second load to the metal works (4) to be formed is realized, with logical
The mode that extra pulse electromagnetic force and gasification shock wave combine, realization form the metal works to be formed (4).
3. device according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the structure of the metal forming coil (1) can be according to institute
The geometry and performance parameter for stating metal works to be formed (4) and the mold (2) are configured, the metal work to be formed
The number of turns of the bigger corresponding coil in region of deflection needed for part (4) is more.
4. device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described device includes at least a set of metal forming coil (1)
At least a set of power supply (6).
5. a kind of metal forming method characterized by comprising
By power supply to metal forming coil discharge, pulse current is generated, and then generates impulse magnetic field, in metal work to be formed
Part region inductive impulse electromagnetic force drives the metal works high-speed deformation to be formed；Meanwhile the pulse current is to the gold
Belong to form-wound coil to be heated, increase the temperature of the metal forming coil sharply, and then gasify, generation high temperature etc. from
Daughter, and then shock wave is generated, further realize the second load to the metal works to be formed；In pulse-electromagnetic force and
Gasify under the collective effect of shock wave, finally realizes the forming of the metal works to be formed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810383161.1A CN108655252B (en) | 2018-04-26 | 2018-04-26 | A kind of metal forming apparatus and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810383161.1A CN108655252B (en) | 2018-04-26 | 2018-04-26 | A kind of metal forming apparatus and method |
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| CN108655252A CN108655252A (en) | 2018-10-16 |
| CN108655252B true CN108655252B (en) | 2019-07-09 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109590371B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-04-24 | 中南大学 | Electromagnetic-electric explosion-quasi-static stamping composite forming device and method for large-scale plate |
| CN109702072B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-06-09 | 华中科技大学 | Metal part electromagnetic attraction forming device |
| CN110802155B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2021-01-26 | 中南大学 | Electromagnetic gasification forming device and method for forming and forming integrated plate |
| CN111922175B (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-11-19 | 华中科技大学 | Electro-hydraulic explosion forming device and method |
| CN112275888A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2021-01-29 | 华中科技大学 | Electromagnetic electro-hydraulic composite forming method and device |
| CN113458234B (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2022-04-26 | 华中科技大学 | Device and method for forming workpiece by utilizing metal foil electrified explosion shock wave |
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| US3394569A (en) * | 1966-06-23 | 1968-07-30 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Forming method and apparatus |
| CN106734499B (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2018-04-20 | 湘潭大学 | Plate warms the quasi-static hydraulic pressure compound molding device of electro-hydraulic high speed impact and the sheet material forming method realized using the device |
| CN107127243B (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2018-07-24 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of electromagnetic pulse forming device and method of sheet metal |
| CN107309322A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-11-03 | 湘潭大学 | Sheet metal electro-hydraulic forming device and manufacturing process based on electro plastic effect |
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