CN108654724B

CN108654724B - Rape stalk crushing device

Info

Publication number: CN108654724B
Application number: CN201810449624.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邓松羽; 陈江; 申志清
Original assignee: Guizhou Wuchuan Bye Farm Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guizhou Wuchuan Bye Farm Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-05-11
Filing date: 2018-05-11
Publication date: 2020-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 2038-05-11
Also published as: CN108654724A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of crushing equipment, and particularly discloses a rape stalk crushing device which comprises a crushing disc, wherein the top of the crushing disc is provided with a positioning column, the positioning column is provided with convex teeth, and the convex teeth are meshed with a first gear; the feeding and discharging mechanism comprises a positioning block, one side of the positioning block is connected with a push plate, the top surface of the push plate is an inclined plane, a first cavity and an air outlet hole are arranged in the positioning block, a second cavity is arranged in the push plate, and an air outlet hole is arranged on the surface of the push plate; the locating piece is equipped with the rack, and the meshing has the second gear on the rack, and the meshing has the third gear between first gear and the second gear, and rack connection has the cylinder, and the cylinder is close to piston rod one side and is equipped with the check valve that admits air and the check valve that gives vent to anger, and the check valve that gives vent to anger communicates with first cavity, and the cylinder is kept away from piston rod one side and is equipped with the wind hole, and the wind hole communicates with the second cavity. The invention solves the problem that juice adhered in rape stalks causes the crushed rape stalks to be agglomerated and is inconvenient to evenly apply in the field after the rape stalks are crushed in the prior art.

Description

Rape stalk crushing device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of crushing equipment, in particular to a rape stalk crushing device.

Background

The straws of crops are important agricultural resources, the straws mainly contain organic matters such as fiber, lignin, starch, crude protein, enzyme and the like, and are also rich in nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like, wherein the rape is a green manure crop with higher quality, the nutrient content of the rape is higher, the fresh rape straws contain 0.46 percent of nitrogen, 0.12 percent of phosphorus pentoxide and 0.35 percent of potassium oxide, and therefore the rape straws can be directly returned to the field.

In order to accelerate the fermentation speed of fresh rape stalks in the field, the rape stalks are usually cut into sections by the treatment of the fresh rape stalks at present, and then are crushed by a crusher, the commonly used crusher usually comprises a supporting table and a pressing plate and can move back and forth by driving the pressing plate to crush the sections of the rape stalks.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a rape stalk crushing device, which aims to solve the problem that juice adhered in rape stalks causes the crushed rape stalks to be agglomerated and is inconvenient to uniformly apply in fields after the rape stalks are crushed in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the basic scheme of the invention is as follows:

the rape stalk crushing device comprises a rack and a workbench, wherein a crushing mechanism is arranged above the workbench and comprises a crushing disc, a positioning column which is connected to the rack in a sliding manner is arranged at the top of the crushing disc, convex teeth are arranged on the positioning column, and the convex teeth are meshed with a first gear driven by a motor;

a material feeding and discharging mechanism is arranged on one side of the crushing mechanism and comprises a positioning block which is connected to the workbench in a sliding manner, a push plate is connected to one side of the positioning block, the top surface of the push plate is an inclined surface, a first cavity is arranged in the positioning block, a plurality of air outlet holes communicated with the first cavity are formed in one side, close to the push plate, of the positioning block, the air outlet holes are obliquely and downwards arranged towards the push plate, a second cavity is arranged in the push plate, a plurality of air outlet holes communicated with the second cavity are formed in the surface of the push plate, and the central axes;

the locating piece is kept away from push pedal one side and is equipped with the rack, the meshing has the second gear of rotation connection in the frame on the rack, the meshing has the third gear between first gear and the second gear, rack connection has the cylinder, and the cylinder is close to piston rod one side and is equipped with the check valve that admits air and the check valve that gives vent to anger, and the check valve that gives vent to anger passes through hose and first cavity intercommunication, and the cylinder is kept away from piston rod one side and is equipped with the wind hole, the wind hole passes through hose and second cavity intercommunication.

The working principle of the basic scheme is as follows:

locating piece and push pedal are located in keeping away from cylinder one side when initiating in this scheme, place the rape pole material that remains broken in the push pedal, broken dish is located the peak of motion, consequently, the motor starts the back, first gear and dogtooth meshing, make the reference column move down, first gear and third gear engagement in addition, make the second gear the same with first gear pivoted direction, make the rack remove to being close to the cylinder with rack toothing, and starter motor antiport, the reference column moves upwards, the push pedal promotes the material after the breakage and removes to keeping away from cylinder one side, realize the breakage of material and the give of material and arrange like this.

The working principle of the cylinder in the feeding process is as follows: the rack pushes the piston in the cylinder to move towards the side in the process of moving towards one side of the cylinder, the gas of the cylinder body far away from one side of the piston rod is extruded, the gas enters the second cavity from the air hole through the pipeline, the gas entering the second cavity is discharged from the air outlet, the material blown to the push plate slides downwards, the material is separated from the push plate and drops on the workbench, the volume in the cylinder body close to one side of the piston rod is increased, the air inlet one-way valve is opened, and the external gas is supplemented into the cylinder.

The working principle of the cylinder in the discharging process is as follows: in the process that the rack moves towards the side far away from the air cylinder, the rack pulls the piston to synchronously move towards the side, the air cylinder body at one side of the piston rod is extruded, the air pressure in the air cylinder body at the side is increased, the air outlet one-way valve is opened, the air in the air cylinder body at the side enters the first cavity through the pipeline, the air entering the first cavity is discharged from the air outlet, the air flow discharged from the air outlet forms downward acting force on the material, in addition, the rack pulls the piston to move towards the side far away from the air cylinder, the volume in the air cylinder body at the side far away from the piston rod is increased to generate negative pressure, so that negative pressure is formed on the surface of the push plate, under the action of the downward acting force of the air flow discharged from the air outlet and the negative pressure on the surface of the push plate.

The technical effect of this basic scheme lies in:

1. give in this basic scheme and arrange material mechanism, at the in-process that carries out the feed, utilize the cylinder combustion gas to blow away the material push pedal, utilize the inertia of material self simultaneously for the material breaks away from the push pedal, stays on the workstation, and at the in-process that pushes away the material, the material after utilizing the cylinder to produce extrudees again, thereby collects the viscidity juice in the material, avoids the material after the breakage to agglomerate under the viscidity juice effect.

2. The power source only uses one in this scheme, accomplishes the linear motion of vertical direction and the conversion of the linear motion of horizontal direction through rack and pinion meshing, not only reduces power equipment's input, makes the compact structure of whole device simultaneously.

Furthermore, a material receiving frame is arranged below the workbench far away from one side of the material feeding and discharging mechanism.

Has the advantages that: the feeding and discharging mechanism can directly push the materials into the material receiving frame.

Furthermore, crushing teeth are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the crushing disc.

Has the advantages that: the crushing effect of the crushing disc on the materials is better due to the arrangement.

Further, the included angle between the inclined plane of the push plate and the horizontal plane is 15 degrees, and the included angle between the central axis of the air outlet hole and the horizontal plane is 45 degrees.

Has the advantages that: the inclined plane of the push plate is set to be 15 degrees, so that the inclined plane is not easy to move downwards in the material moving process, and the central axis of the air outlet hole is set to be 45 degrees, so that the air discharged from the first cavity can be better acted on the material.

Furthermore, both sides of the push plate are vertically provided with baffles.

Has the advantages that: therefore, the material is prevented from falling from two sides when the push plate pushes the material.

Further, the ratio of the wheel diameters of the second gear and the first gear is 1: 3.

Has the advantages that: like this in this device working process, broken dish reciprocating motion in-process from top to bottom gives row material mechanism and can realize quick feeding and push away the material, avoids not in time making the problem of bumping between broken dish and the locating piece because of giving row material.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the rape stalk crushing device of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the crushing device comprises a workbench 1, a crushing disc 100, crushing teeth 101, a positioning column 102, a first gear 103, a positioning block 200, a first cavity 201, an air outlet hole 202, a push plate 203, a second cavity 204, an air outlet hole 205, a rack 300, a second gear 301, a third gear 302, an air cylinder 400, an air inlet one-way valve 401, an air outlet one-way valve 402 and an air outlet hole 403.

The embodiment is basically as shown in figure 1:

the utility model provides a rape pole breaker, the device includes frame and workstation 1, be equipped with crushing mechanism above workstation 1, be equipped with in workstation 1 left side and connect the material frame, wherein crushing mechanism includes sliding connection broken dish 100 in the frame, be equipped with broken tooth 101 in the bottom of broken dish 100, be connected with sliding connection reference column 102 in the frame at the top of broken dish 100, reference column 102 right side is equipped with the dogtooth along the axial, still including rotating first gear 103 of connection in the frame, wherein the dogtooth meshing on first gear 103 and the reference column 102, and through the motor drive that can just reverse.

A feeding and discharging mechanism is arranged on the right side of the crushing mechanism, wherein the feeding and discharging mechanism comprises a positioning block 200 which is connected to the workbench 1 in a sliding manner, a push plate 203 is arranged on the left side of the positioning block 200, baffles are vertically arranged on two sides of the push plate 203, the top surface of the push plate 203 is an inclined surface which inclines towards the left material receiving frame, and the included angle between the inclined surface and the workbench 1 is 15 degrees; be equipped with first cavity 201 in locating piece 200, be equipped with a plurality of ventholes 202 with first cavity 201 intercommunication in the top that locating piece 200 is close to push pedal 203 one side, wherein venthole 202 inclines down towards push pedal 203, the axis of venthole 202 is 45 with the contained angle of horizontal plane, be equipped with second cavity 204 in push pedal 203, be equipped with a plurality of exhaust vents 205 with second cavity 204 intercommunication on the surface of push pedal 203, wherein the aperture of each exhaust vent 205 is less than 1mm, exhaust vent 205 axis level sets up.

A rack 300 which is connected with the frame in a sliding way is arranged at the right side of the positioning block 200, a driving mechanism which drives the rack 300 to do linear reciprocating movement is arranged between the rack 300 and the motor, the driving mechanism comprises a second gear 301 rotatably connected to the frame and engaged with the rack 300, a third gear 302 rotatably connected to the frame is meshed above the second gear 301, the ratio of the diameter of the second gear 301 to the diameter of the first gear 103 is 1:3, an air cylinder 400 horizontally fixed on the frame is connected to one end of the rack 300 far away from the positioning block 200, an air inlet check valve 401 and an air outlet check valve 402 are arranged on the side wall of the cylinder 400 at the left side of the piston of the cylinder 400, wherein the air inlet check valve 401 flows from the outside to the cylinder 400, the air outlet check valve 402 flows from the inside to the outside, an air hole 403 is arranged on the side wall of the cylinder 400 at the right side of the piston of the cylinder 400, wherein, the air outlet one-way valve 402 is communicated with the first cavity 201 through a hose, and the air hole 403 is communicated with the second cavity 204 through a hose.

During specific implementation, the positioning block 200 and the push plate 203 are located on the left side of the crushing disc 100, the crushing disc 100 is located at the highest point of motion of the crushing disc 100, an operator places a rape stalk to be crushed on the push plate 203, and the motor is started to rotate reversely.

The motor drives the first gear 103 to rotate reversely in a reverse direction, the first gear 103 is meshed with the convex teeth on the positioning column 102, so that the positioning column 102 moves downwards, the first gear 103 rotates reversely, meanwhile, the second gear 301 and the third gear 302 are driven to rotate synchronously, the second gear 301 rotates reversely, the rotating speed of the second gear 301 is three times that of the first gear 103, the second gear 301 is meshed with the rack 300, so that the rack 300 moves to the right side, and the positioning block 200 and the push plate 203 are pulled to move rightwards synchronously.

In the process that the rack 300 moves rightwards, the piston in the air cylinder 400 is pushed to move rightwards, the air in the air cylinder 400 far away from one side of the piston rod is extruded, the air enters the second cavity 204 from the air hole 403 through a pipeline, the air entering the second cavity is discharged from the air outlet 205, the material on the push plate 203 is blown to slide downwards, the material is separated from the push plate 203 and falls on the workbench 1, meanwhile, the volume in the air cylinder 400 near one side of the piston rod is increased, the air inlet one-way valve 401 is opened, and external air is supplemented into the air cylinder 400.

When the crushing disc 100 impacts materials on the workbench 1 and the materials are crushed, the motor is started to rotate forwards, the motor drives the first gear 103 to rotate forwards, the first gear 103 is meshed with the convex teeth on the positioning column 102, so that the positioning column 102 moves upwards, and the crushing disc 100 is driven to move upwards synchronously; the first gear 103 corotation drives the second gear 301 and the third gear 302 synchronous rotation, and the rack 300 is driven to move to the left side by corotation of the second gear 301, thereby pushing the positioning block 200 and the push plate 203 to move to the left side, and the crushed material is pushed to move to the left side synchronously in the moving process, and because the top surface of the push plate 203 is an inclined surface, the material can climb up along the inclined surface of the push plate in the moving process.

In the process that the rack 300 moves towards the left side, the rack 300 pulls the piston to synchronously move towards the left side, the cylinder 400 on one side of the piston rod is extruded, the air pressure in the cylinder on the side is increased, the air outlet one-way valve 402 is opened, the air in the cylinder on the side enters the first cavity through a pipeline, the air entering the first cavity is discharged from the air outlet 202, the air flow discharged from the air outlet 202 forms a downward acting force on the material, in addition, the volume in the cylinder 400 on the side far away from the piston rod is increased while the rack 300 pulls the piston to move towards the left side, a negative pressure is generated, so that the surface of the push plate forms a negative pressure, the crushed material is extruded again under the action of the downward acting force of the air flow discharged from the air outlet 202 and the negative pressure on the surface of the push plate.

The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims

1. The rape stalk crushing device comprises a rack and a workbench, wherein a crushing mechanism is arranged above the workbench and comprises a crushing disc, a positioning column which is connected to the rack in a sliding manner is arranged at the top of the crushing disc, convex teeth are arranged on the positioning column, and the convex teeth are meshed with a first gear driven by a motor; the method is characterized in that:

2. The rape stalk breaking device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a material receiving frame is arranged below the workbench far away from one side of the material feeding and discharging mechanism.

3. The rape stalk breaking device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: crushing teeth are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the crushing disc.

4. The rape stalk breaking device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the included angle between the inclined plane of the push plate and the horizontal plane is 15 degrees, and the included angle between the central axis of the air outlet hole and the horizontal plane is 45 degrees.

5. The rape stalk breaking device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: baffle plates are vertically arranged on two sides of the push plate.

6. The rape stalk breaking device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the wheel diameters of the second gear and the first gear is 1: 3.