CN108645240B - Gravity backwater secondary injection cooling tower - Google Patents
Gravity backwater secondary injection cooling tower Download PDFInfo
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- CN108645240B CN108645240B CN201810619718.7A CN201810619718A CN108645240B CN 108645240 B CN108645240 B CN 108645240B CN 201810619718 A CN201810619718 A CN 201810619718A CN 108645240 B CN108645240 B CN 108645240B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
- F28C1/00—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/01—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using means for separating solid materials from heat-exchange fluids, e.g. filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
- F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
- F28F25/04—Distributing or accumulator troughs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
- F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
- F28F25/06—Spray nozzles or spray pipes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
Abstract
The gravity backwater secondary jet cooling tower is provided with a tower body, a tower plate on the outer surface, a secondary air inlet and a shutter; a water accumulation tank, a water outlet and a water inlet assembly are arranged below the water tank; the upper part is provided with a screen air cylinder and a water collector. The tower is internally provided with a water return tank and a gravity water return pipe. The invention provides a spray flow ratio K of N1 primary spray heads in a tower and a central spraying device, which is 2-3 times. And provides the height and mounting direction of the spray head. The water return tank is simplified, and only a square water return tank is arranged along the inner wall of the tower. 1. The secondary nozzle has large caliber, low pressure and no blockage. The water spraying sieve plate which is easy to block FENG is eliminated. As a result of test, the water pressure was 0.12MPa, and when the wet bulb temperature was 26 ℃, the hot water at 42℃was cooled to 32℃and the cooling effect was excellent by the present tower was cooled to 29 ℃. Meanwhile, the device has the advantages of low water pressure, low noise, energy saving, difficult blockage, reliable operation, no filler and no forced ventilation cooling tower of a fan, and can replace the existing mechanical ventilation tower and spray tower. The unit tower and the combined tower for increasing the water amount can be manufactured, and the standardization is realized.
Description
A gravity backwater secondary jet cooling tower belongs to a forced-flow-through cooling tower without packing in the cooling tower and without an external power machine, namely a heat exchange device (F28C) which is directly contacted by a heat exchange medium and does not react chemically.
Background of the two
The cooling tower is circulating water cooling equipment widely used by a plurality of departments in national economy, the performance of the cooling tower greatly influences the benefits of the system, and especially in the water resource crisis and environmental crisis of the present day, the improvement of the cooling tower technology not only has economic benefits, but also has great social benefits.
The working principle of the existing cooling tower is that cold air and hot water are utilized to transfer heat and mass to evaporate the hot water, and air is humidified to take away heat to cool circulating water. According to this principle, a sufficient amount of wind, i.e. a sufficiently large air-water ratio, is required for circulating water cooling, and a sufficiently large mass transfer coefficient and mass transfer area between air and water is required. In order to increase the air-water ratio, the existing cooling tower adopts an external fan to forcibly ventilate or builds a high hyperbolic cooling tower to naturally draft air. In order to strengthen mass transfer, a filler is arranged in the existing cooling tower to increase the mass transfer area and the mass transfer coefficient of gas and water, or the mass transfer coefficient and the mass transfer area are increased by adopting a spray mode.
The current national standard prescribes that when the wet bulb temperature of the atmosphere is 28 ℃, the water inlet temperature of the cooling tower is 37 ℃, the water outlet temperature is 32 ℃ and the temperature is reduced by 5 ℃. Analysis and practice have shown that to achieve this requires a cooling tower air to water ratio of over 0.8, or cooling 1kg of water requires 0.8kg of air. The fans of the cooling tower are typically selected according to this requirement. However, in practice, the gas-water ratio of the actual running is far smaller than the design value due to the existence of the packing resistance, so that the temperature cannot be reduced. The filler is easy to block, deform and have large resistance, and the area without water flows, so that the air-water short circuit is caused. And the fan noise is big, and the downflowing water flow prevents the phenomenon that the cold wind flows to the filler. The mass transfer difference is less and the blockage is more, which is the contradiction that the filled tower is difficult to surmount. Newly developed spray cooling towers are emerging for this purpose.
The problems of the existing spray cooling tower are: 1) The gas-water ratio of the spray head is insufficient. 2) The working water pressure is 0.25-0.30MPA higher. 3) The water nozzle has small caliber and is easy to be filled. 4) The backflow sinking wind formed when water mist falls in the upper spray flow of the spray cooling tower of the existing fan and the spray head stops hot air from being discharged, and the cooling effect is inferior to that of a packing tower.
The invention discloses a gravity backwater secondary spray cooling tower (ZL97.107721.5) in 1997, and provides concepts, principles and functions of gravity backwater secondary spray. But has the problems that 1) a spraying device is only used as a cooling element, and the problem that the reflux sinking wind generated by the upward spray flow back cannot be overcome, the air-water ratio of the exhaust is not large, and the temperature drop is not ideal is solved. 2) The rotating mechanism of the spraying device is a ball bearing, so that the service life is short, the maintenance is difficult, the reliability is poor, and the popularization and the application are difficult.
Aiming at the defects of the patent, the novel gravity backwater secondary injection spray ventilation cooling tower (ZL 01256902) of the Chinese patent is improved. The improvement is that: 1) The original ball bearing spraying device is changed into a spraying device of a liquid suspension water bearing provided in a Chinese patent (external rotation type spraying pile-in air suction device) (patent number 00112630X). 2) The air outlet cylinder of the cooling tower is changed into a screen air cylinder so that the water film is cooled again on the screen. 3) An atomization nozzle for primary and secondary spraying is arranged in the cooling tower. 4) The tower wall is provided with a secondary air inlet. 5) The central spraying device is used as the main part on the cooling flow (water inflow), and the surrounding primary atomization spray heads are used as the auxiliary parts. 6) A water spraying screen is arranged on the outer side of an inner air cylinder provided with the spraying device.
In the cooling tower with the improved structure, during operation, the problems of 1) the cooling tower mainly comprising the flow rate of the central spraying device is difficult to design, install and maintain due to the excessive number of spraying devices in the large-scale cooling tower. 2) The excessive flow of the central spraying device can generate reflux sunk air to lead the cooling exhaust to be unsmooth, thereby affecting the cooling effect. 3) In the unit cooling tower of more than 150T/h, the water accumulation amount of the water return tank is insufficient, so that the cooling effect of the secondary spray cannot be fully exerted. 4) The water spraying screen mesh influences the height of the secondary spray flow, so that the cooling effect is influenced, and meanwhile, the screen mesh is easy to scale, block and deform.
Three summary of the invention
The gravity backwater secondary jet cooling tower provided by the invention aims to solve the problems of large central backwater sinking wind and poor cooling effect of the existing cooling tower; the central spraying device has large quantity and is difficult to design, install and maintain; the water accumulation amount of the water return groove is insufficient, and the secondary injection cooling effect is not fully exerted; the water spraying screen mesh affects the cooling effect, and is easy to scale and block.
The technical proposal is as follows:
the gravity backwater secondary jet cooling tower comprises A) a tower body 5, wherein the outer surface of the tower body is provided with a tower plate 9, a secondary air inlet 10 and a shutter 11 from top to bottom; a water accumulation tank 2 and a water outlet 12 are arranged below the shutter; the center below the tower body is provided with a water inlet component comprising a water inlet pipe 1. B) An upper spraying type atomizing device 13 is arranged in the center of the tower body; the height is arranged above the horizontal plane of the shutter, in the air duct 14 and is placed on the water inlet vertical pipe 1.1 communicated with the water inlet pipe. The annular water pipe 1a outside the air duct and communicated with the water inlet pipe is provided with primary spray heads 4b distributed with N1 branches; a screen air duct 7 is arranged above the air duct, and a water collector is arranged at the upper end of the screen air duct. C) A water return tank and a gravity water return pipe are arranged under the screen drum in the tower, and a secondary spray head 4a with N2 branches distributed is arranged on the bottom horizontal water return pipe. It is characterized in that
1) The distribution flow ratio of the pressurized hot water provided to the N1 primary spray heads 4b and the atomizing device 13 by the water inlet assembly is K, the flow rate of K=N1 spray heads/the flow rate of one device=2-3 times in the design, the pressurized hot water pressure is 0.10-0.20MPa, and the total number of the primary spray heads N1 is larger than or equal to 16. 2) The water return tank is an annular square water return tank 6 along the periphery of the inner wall of the tower body, and the square water return tank is sealed with the tower wall. Four water holes 6a are formed in four corners of the square water return tank, four vertical gravity water return pipes 3a are arranged below the square water return tank, the bottom ends of the four gravity water return pipes are communicated with two groups of annular horizontal water return pipes 3b and 3c which are symmetrically and uniformly distributed, and the total number N2 of secondary spray heads 4a distributed on the square water return pipes is not less than 24. 3) The installation directions of the primary spray head and the secondary spray head are all inclined upwards, and the primary spray head faces to the direction of spraying along the periphery of the tower wall of the water return tank. 4) The height difference h1=1.0-1.5 m between the primary spray head 4b and the square water return tank, and the height difference h2> 2.5 m between the secondary spray head 4a and the square water return tank.
The atomization device 13 can adopt an upward spraying type spray propulsion device 13 of a liquid suspension water bearing; see Chinese patent number 00112630X < external rotation type spray pile-up air suction device >. The primary nozzle and the secondary nozzle can adopt the secondary injection swirl atomizer 4A at the same time or adopt the Chinese patent (multi-injection swirl atomizer >) (patent number 891041109). Wherein < secondary injection swirl atomizer 4A > is described in detail later with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The above-mentioned < gravity backwater secondary injection cooling tower > is called a unit tower, and N ≡2 unit towers can be adopted to combine into a combined cooling tower, and the details are described later with reference to the drawings.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) Aiming at the existing problems, the invention carries out a great amount of experiments and a plurality of improvements on the performances and the mutual influence of the spraying device, the atomization and the spray head, realizes and ensures the gas-water ratio, the mass transfer coefficient and the mass transfer area required by circulating water cooling. 2) According to the gravity water return scheme, the flow distribution ratio K=2-3 times is designed, namely, the flow of the primary spray head is taken as the main flow, and the flow of the device is taken as the auxiliary flow, most of the flow of the cooling hot water is sprayed to the water return groove by the primary spray head, so that most of cooling water is ensured not to generate sinking wind reflux, the air resistance generated by water flow in the cooling tower is greatly reduced, the effective air-water ratio is increased, the water vapor partial pressure is reduced, and the evaporation of the hot water is facilitated. Simultaneously, the hot water is cooled twice, thereby achieving two purposes. As a result of running test, when the working water pressure is 0.12MPa and the atmospheric wet bulb temperature is 26 ℃, the tower can reduce the hot water at 42 ℃ to 32 ℃ and the hot water at 37 ℃ to 29 ℃. Excellent cooling effect is obtained. 3) The primary and secondary spray heads adopt the secondary injection rotational flow atomization spray head 4A, and the inner water spray nozzle is a hollow collecting-expanding spray nozzle, the aperture is phi 12-phi 18mm, and the spray head has the advantages of large caliber, low pressure, difficult blockage and the like, so that the working stability of the tower is good, and the maintenance workload is extremely small. 4) The spraying device 13 adopts a spraying device of a liquid suspension water bearing, and the practice proves that the device can continuously run for more than two years without maintenance. 5) The structure of the unit tower and the moving parts are simplified, firstly, the existing water spraying screen is eliminated, the ventilation resistance is reduced, the structure is simplified, and the scaling, the blockage and the like of the screen are prevented. Secondly, the water return groove 6 is also a square water return groove which is formed by adding the former inner annular water return groove and the communicated outer Zhou Yanda inner wall, and is simplified into a square water return groove which is only arranged along the inner wall of the tower. 6) Not only the optimized unit tower is provided, but also a matched combined tower is made, so that the cooling water quantity is increased, the structure of the tower is simplified, and the design unitization and standardization are realized. 7) The invention has the advantages of excellent cooling effect, no filler and no fan, low working water pressure, low noise, energy saving, difficult blockage of the nozzle, small maintenance amount, reliable operation and the like, so the invention can replace the existing mechanical ventilation tower and spray tower.
Description of the four drawings
FIG. 1A front view (Z-X face) of the unit tower of example 1 (left side is a sectional view, right side is an outline view.)
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional top view (X-Y plane) of the view A-A of FIG. 1. The spraying device 13, the air duct 14, the primary nozzle 4b, the square water return tank 6, the lower periphery of the screen air duct 7 and the like can be overlooked. The screen air duct 7 is shown by a dotted line.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional top view (X-Y plane) of the B-B section of FIG. 1. The secondary shower head 4a, the horizontal return pipes 3b,3C, and the like can be seen in plan view.
Fig. 4 is a front sectional view of the secondary injection swirling atomizer 4A.
Fig. 5 is a schematic front view (left side cross-sectional view, right side outline view) of the combined cooling tower of embodiment 2.
FIG. 6 is a top view of section A-A of FIG. 5 (X-Y plane).
Five embodiments
Example 1 Unit tower see FIGS. 1-4
The same parts as the existing structure comprise the following steps:
a) Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the tower body 5 has a square top view. The outer surface of the tower wall of the tower body 5 is provided with a strip column plate 9, a secondary air inlet 10 and a shutter 11 from top to bottom. The lower part of the shutter is provided with a cooling water accumulation groove 2, and the upper part of the shutter is provided with a water outlet pipe 12. The center of the lower part of the tower body is provided with a water inlet component which is formed by welding seamless steel pipes, and comprises a water inlet pipe 1 at the lowest part and a water inlet vertical pipe 1.1 of which the upper end is communicated with a water inlet of a spraying device 13 by a flange; a cylindrical water storage chamber 1.2 is arranged in the water inlet vertical pipe and is communicated with the annular water pipe 1a above and the primary spray heads 4b distributed with N1 through four inclined water distribution pipes 1.3 in the circumferential direction. B) Referring to fig. 1, an upper spray type atomizing device 13 is arranged at the center in the tower body; the height is arranged above the horizontal plane of the shutter, in the air duct 14 and is placed on the water inlet vertical pipe 1.1. The annular water pipe 1a outside the air duct and communicated with the water inlet pipe is provided with primary spray heads 4b distributed with N1 branches; a screen air duct 7 is arranged above the air duct, and inner and outer water collectors 8b and 8a are arranged at the upper end of the screen air duct. C) A water return tank and a gravity water return pipe are arranged under the screen drum in the tower, and a secondary spray head 4a with N2 branches distributed is arranged on the bottom horizontal water return pipe.
The new design part of the unit tower of the embodiment 1 is as follows:
1) Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an annular water pipe 1a outside an air duct 14 is provided with N1 primary spray heads 4b distributed, and the water inlet assembly is communicated with the annular water pipe 1a above and the N1 primary spray heads 4b through four inclined water distribution pipes 1.3 to provide pressure hot water; the water inlet assembly supplies pressurized hot water to an atomizer 13 via a water inlet stack 1.1. The distribution flow ratio of the N1 primary spray heads 4b to one atomizing device is K, wherein in the design, K=N1 spray head flow/one device flow=2-3 times, and the pressure of the pressurized hot water is 0.10-0.20MPa. Referring to fig. 2, the total number n1=22 of the primary nozzles 4b is uniformly distributed on four quadrangular pipes.
2) Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the water return groove 6 is arranged below the screen air duct 7 and is an annular square water return groove 6 along the periphery of the inner wall of the tower body, and a seal 6b is arranged between the square water return groove and the tower wall to prevent water leakage. Four water holes 6a are formed in four corners of the square water return tank, four vertical gravity water return pipes 3a are arranged below the square water return tank, and the bottom ends of the gravity water return pipes 3a are communicated with two annular horizontal water return pipes 3b and 3c which are symmetrically and uniformly distributed. Referring to fig. 3, two annular horizontal water return pipes 3b and 3c are arranged in a crossed manner, and N2 secondary spray heads 4a are uniformly distributed on the two annular horizontal water return pipes; n2=40 branches.
3) The installation direction of the primary spray head 4b and the secondary spray head 4a in fig. 1 is the direction of obliquely upwards spraying to the periphery of the tower wall. The secondary nozzle may be generally oriented diagonally upward toward the center spray.
4) Referring to FIG. 1, the height difference h1 between the primary spray head 4b and the square water return tank in the embodiment is 1.5 m & gt h1 & gt 1.2 m. The height difference of the secondary spray head 4a from the square water return groove is h2>3.0 meters.
5) The atomizing device 13 adopts an upward spraying type spray propelling device 13 of a liquid suspension water bearing. See China patent number 00112630X. And will not be described in detail herein.
6) In this embodiment, the primary nozzle 4b and the secondary nozzle 4A simultaneously adopt the secondary injection swirl atomizer 4A. The structure of the < secondary injection cyclone atomization nozzle 4A > is shown in fig. 4 and 1.
A cylindrical primary injection sleeve 4.3 with air inlet holes 4.7 and a cylindrical secondary injection sleeve 4.5 with air inlet holes 4.6 are arranged outside the water collecting-expanding nozzle 4.2; an air inlet rectifying sleeve 4.4 with a conical inner hole is arranged outside the primary injection sleeve, and the assembly formed by the air inlet rectifying sleeve is sealed and fixed above the hollow spherical swirling chamber 4.1 with the opening; the swirl chamber is connected with the annular water pipe 1a of primary injection or the two annular water return pipes 3b and 3c of secondary injection through tangential water pipes 4.9 and flanges 4.8 to supply pressure hot water.
The working process is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, pressurized hot water enters an upper spray propulsion atomizing device 13 and N1 primary spray heads 4b (namely, a secondary injection atomizing spray head 4A) for liquid suspension through a water inlet assembly at the same time for spraying. The reaction force of spray flow in the spraying device 13 drives the self spray head and the fan blade, and simultaneously the rotary mechanical air and the injection air cool the upper spray flow, and the cooled water falls into the water accumulation tank 2 below. At the same time, most of the hot water is sprayed to the upper tower wall obliquely through the primary spray head 4b and is injected with cold air, and finally falls into the water return tank 6. The hot water is subjected to primary cooling by forced heat exchange with air due to atomization and air suction. The secondary jet rotational flow atomizing nozzle 4A is utilized to have excellent low-pressure atomizing performance, primary warm water falling into a water return tank is sprayed and cooled again through the secondary nozzle 4A by utilizing the height difference. As most of the flow of the cooling hot water is collected by the water return groove 6, the generation of sinking wind caused by water mist return flow is avoided, thereby greatly reducing the ventilation resistance of the cooling tower and improving the effective air-water ratio.
In example 2, a combined column composed of two unit columns (n=2) was constructed as follows. See fig. 5 and 6.
The structure is the same as that of the existing combined tower with the gravity backwater secondary injection combined cooling tower:
a) Referring to fig. 5, the tower comprises a large tower body 5A, wherein the outer surface of the large tower body is provided with a tower plate 9, a secondary air inlet 10 and a louver 11 from top to bottom; a large water accumulation tank 2A and a total water outlet 12A are arranged below the shutter. The center of the lower part of the big tower body is provided with a total water inlet component containing a total water inlet pipe 1, which comprises a total water inlet pipe 1A which is arranged at the center position, a big-capacity water chamber 15 is arranged right above the total water inlet pipe, and two horizontal water distribution pipes 16 are used for communicating with two water storage chambers 1.2A below two (N=2) spraying devices to supply water; each water storage chamber 1.2A is communicated with the upper annular water pipe 1a and N1 primary spray heads 4b through four oblique water distribution pipes 1.3A for water supply; the large capacity water chamber 15 supplies water to each atomizer 13 through each inlet stack 1.1A. An inner supporting piece 17A and an outer supporting piece 17B are additionally arranged below each spraying device and each water storage chamber. The large capacity water chamber 15 is fixed to the return tank support 18. B) Referring to fig. 5 and 6, an n=2 upward spray type atomizing device 13 is arranged in the center of the large tower body 5A; the height is arranged above the horizontal plane of the shutter, and each atomization device 1 is arranged in each air duct 14 and is arranged on each water inlet vertical pipe 1.1A communicated with the main water inlet pipe 1. The annular water pipe 1a which is communicated with the main water inlet pipe and is arranged at the outer side of each air duct is provided with a primary spray head 4b which is distributed with N1 branches; a screen air duct 7 is arranged above each air duct 14, and inner and outer water collectors 8b and 8a are arranged at the upper ends of the screen air ducts. C) A water return tank and a gravity water return pipe are arranged under each screen drum in the tower, and N2 distributed secondary spray heads 4a are arranged on the bottom horizontal water return pipe.
The new design part of the combined tower of the embodiment 2 is as follows:
1) Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the total water inlet assembly provides a flow rate ratio of distribution of pressurized hot water to each N1 primary spray heads 4b and one atomizing device 13 of K, wherein in the design, k=n1 spray heads 4b flow rate/one device 13 flow rate=2-3 times, the pressurized hot water pressure is 0.10-0.20MPa, and the total number n1=22 of each primary spray heads 4 b.
2) Referring to fig. 5, a screen air duct 7 is arranged above each upper spray type atomizing device 13. Referring to fig. 6, two identical square water return grooves 6A are arranged below two adjacent screen air cylinders 7, four water flow holes 6A are formed in four corners of each square water return groove, four vertical gravity water return pipes 3a are arranged below the four water flow holes, the bottom ends of the four gravity water return pipes 3a are communicated with two groups of horizontal water return pipes 3b and 3c which are symmetrically and uniformly distributed, and N2 secondary spray heads 4a are distributed on each two groups of horizontal water return pipes; n2=40 branches.
3) Referring to fig. 6, three sides of two square water return tanks 6A are respectively attached to the inner wall of the large tower body 5A, and the two square water return tanks 6A are communicated by a water return tank 6 c. Referring to fig. 5, a seal 6b is provided between the large tower 5A and the square water return tank. A water return groove support 18 is arranged below the space between every two adjacent square water return grooves 6A.
4) The installation direction of each primary spray head 4b and each secondary spray head 4a in each tower body is obliquely upward, and the primary spray heads 4b spray towards the inner wall of the large tower body 5A and the water return groove 6A. The secondary nozzle may be generally oriented diagonally upward toward the center spray.
5) Referring to fig. 5, the height difference h1 between each primary spray head 4b and the square water return tank 6 is 1.2 m < h1<1.5 m, the height difference h2 between each secondary spray head 4a and the square water return tank 6A is h2, and h2 is more than 3 m.
Claims (4)
1. The gravity backwater secondary jet cooling tower comprises a tower body (5), wherein the outer surface of the tower body is provided with a tower plate (9), a secondary air inlet (10) and a shutter (11) from top to bottom; a water accumulation tank (2) and a water outlet (12) are arranged below the shutter; a water inlet component with a water inlet pipe (1) is arranged in the center below the tower body; b) An upper spraying type atomizing device (13) is arranged in the center of the tower body; the height of the air inlet pipe is arranged above the horizontal plane of the shutter, is arranged in the air guide cylinder (14) and is arranged on the water inlet vertical pipe (1.1) communicated with the water inlet pipe; an annular water pipe (1 a) outside the air duct and communicated with the water inlet pipe is provided with primary spray heads (4 b) distributed with N1 branches; a screen air duct (7) is arranged above the air duct, and a water collector is arranged at the upper end of the screen air duct; c) A water return tank and a gravity water return pipe are arranged below the screen drum in the tower, and a secondary spray head (4 a) with N2 branches distributed is arranged on the horizontal water return pipe at the bottom end; the method is characterized in that:
1) The distribution flow ratio of the pressurized hot water provided by the water inlet assembly to the N1 primary spray heads and the upper spray type atomizing device is K, wherein in the design, the flow of the K=N1 spray heads/the flow of the upper spray type atomizing device=2-3 times, the pressurized hot water pressure is 0.10-0.20MPa, and the total number N1 of the primary spray heads is larger than or equal to 16;
2) The water return tank is an annular square water return tank (6) along the periphery of the inner wall of the tower body, and the square water return tank is sealed with the wall of the tower body; four water holes (6 a) are formed in four corners of the square water return tank, four vertical gravity water return pipes (3 a) are arranged below the square water return tank, and the bottom ends of the four gravity water return pipes are communicated with two groups of annular horizontal water return pipes (3 b,3 c) which are symmetrically and uniformly distributed; the total number N2 of the secondary spray heads distributed on the spray heads is larger than or equal to 24;
3) The installation directions of the primary spray head and the secondary spray head are obliquely upward, and the primary spray head faces to the direction along which the periphery of the tower wall of the water return tank sprays;
4) The height difference h1 of the primary spray head from the square water return tank is 1.0-1.5 m, and the height difference h2 of the secondary spray head from the square water return tank is not less than 2.5 m.
2. The gravity backwater secondary injection cooling tower according to claim 1, wherein the atomization device adopts an upper injection type spray propulsion device (13) of a liquid suspension water bearing; the primary spray head and the secondary spray head adopt a secondary injection rotational flow atomizing spray head (4A) or adopt a plurality of injection rotational flow atomizing spray heads.
3. The gravity backwater secondary injection cooling tower according to claim 2, wherein the secondary injection rotational flow atomization nozzle comprises cylindrical primary and secondary injection sleeves (4.3 and 4.5) which are respectively provided with air inlets (4.7 and 4.6) and are arranged outside a water receiving-expanding nozzle (4.2); an air inlet rectifying sleeve (4.4) with a conical inner hole is arranged outside the primary injection sleeve, and the formed assembly is fixed above the hollow spherical swirl chamber (4.1) with the opening in a sealing way; the swirl chamber is communicated with the water inlet component through a tangential water pipe (4.9) and a flange (4.8) for supplying water.
4. The gravity backwater secondary jet cooling tower comprises A) a large tower body (5A), wherein the outer surface of the large tower body is provided with a tower plate, a secondary air inlet and a shutter from top to bottom; a large water accumulation tank (2A) and a total water outlet (12A) are arranged below the shutter; a total water inlet component containing a total water inlet pipe (1A) is arranged in the center below the big tower body; b) N upward spraying type atomizing devices (13) are arranged in the center of the large tower body; the height is arranged above the horizontal plane of the shutter, and each air duct is arranged in each air duct (14) and is arranged on each water inlet vertical pipe (1.1A) communicated with the main water inlet pipe; an annular water pipe (1 a) which is communicated with the main water inlet pipe and is arranged at the outer side of each air duct is provided with primary spray heads (4 b) which are distributed with N1 branches; a screen air duct is arranged above each upper spray type atomizing device, and a water collector is arranged at the upper end of the screen air duct; c) A water return tank and a gravity water return pipe are arranged under each screen drum in the tower, and a distributed secondary spray head (4 a) with N2 branches is arranged on the bottom horizontal water return pipe; the method is characterized in that:
1) The flow ratio of the pressure hot water distribution provided by the total water inlet assembly to each N1 primary spray nozzle and one upper spray type atomizing device is K, the flow of K=N1 spray nozzles/the flow of one upper spray type atomizing device is 2-3 times in design, the pressure hot water pressure is 0.10-0.20MPa, and the total number N1 of each primary spray nozzle is not less than 16;
2) A screen air duct is arranged above each upper spray type atomizing device, N square water return grooves (6A) are arranged below the N screen air ducts, four water flow holes are formed in four corners of each square water return groove, four vertical gravity water return pipes are arranged below the water flow holes, the bottom ends of the four gravity water return pipes are communicated with two groups of annular horizontal water return pipes which are symmetrically and uniformly distributed, and the total number N2 of secondary spray heads distributed on the two groups of annular horizontal water return pipes is larger than or equal to 24;
3) At least one side of each square water return groove (6A) is attached to the inner wall of the large tower body, the square water return grooves are sealed with the wall of the large tower body, and all the square water return grooves between two adjacent unit towers are communicated through a water return groove water passing groove (6 c); a backwater groove supporting piece (18) is arranged below the space between every two adjacent square backwater grooves;
4) The installation direction of each primary spray head and each secondary spray head in each tower body is obliquely upward, and the primary spray heads are in the spraying direction of the inner wall of the large tower body and the square water return groove;
5) The height difference h1 of each primary spray nozzle from the square water return groove is 1.0-1.5 m, and the height difference h2 of each secondary spray nozzle from the square water return groove is not less than 2.5 m.
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| SU1250818A1 (en) * | 1984-04-21 | 1986-08-15 | Специальное Конструкторско-Технологическое Бюро Компрессорного И Холодильного Машиностроения | Mechanical-draft tower |
| CN1184244A (en) * | 1997-10-15 | 1998-06-10 | 魏仕英 | Air-blower cooling tower driven by secondary jetting gravitational backwater |
| CN1215149A (en) * | 1998-11-19 | 1999-04-28 | 魏仕英 | Gravity backwater secondary spray cooling tower |
| CN2524194Y (en) * | 2001-12-13 | 2002-12-04 | 魏仕英 | Novel gravity backwater secondary injection spray propulsion ventilation cooling tower |
| CN101290191A (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2008-10-22 | 魏仕英 | Mixed flow type atomizing propulsion aeration cooling tower |
| CN208520228U (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2019-02-19 | 魏仕英 | Gravity water return secondary spray cooling tower |
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2018
- 2018-06-14 CN CN201810619718.7A patent/CN108645240B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1250818A1 (en) * | 1984-04-21 | 1986-08-15 | Специальное Конструкторско-Технологическое Бюро Компрессорного И Холодильного Машиностроения | Mechanical-draft tower |
| CN1184244A (en) * | 1997-10-15 | 1998-06-10 | 魏仕英 | Air-blower cooling tower driven by secondary jetting gravitational backwater |
| CN1215149A (en) * | 1998-11-19 | 1999-04-28 | 魏仕英 | Gravity backwater secondary spray cooling tower |
| CN2524194Y (en) * | 2001-12-13 | 2002-12-04 | 魏仕英 | Novel gravity backwater secondary injection spray propulsion ventilation cooling tower |
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| CN208520228U (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2019-02-19 | 魏仕英 | Gravity water return secondary spray cooling tower |
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