CN108759504B - A kind of natural ventilation air-cooling tower and cooling means of nozzle evaporation pre-cooling - Google Patents
A kind of natural ventilation air-cooling tower and cooling means of nozzle evaporation pre-cooling Download PDFInfo
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- CN108759504B CN108759504B CN201810614093.5A CN201810614093A CN108759504B CN 108759504 B CN108759504 B CN 108759504B CN 201810614093 A CN201810614093 A CN 201810614093A CN 108759504 B CN108759504 B CN 108759504B
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- water
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
- F28C1/00—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
- F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
- F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
- F28F25/06—Spray nozzles or spray pipes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to cooling technology fields, more particularly to the natural ventilation air-cooling tower and cooling means of a kind of evaporation pre-cooling of nozzle, including tower, tower inner cavity lower part is equipped with the finned tube exchanger of one layer of radial arrangement, the lower section of the heat exchanger is equipped with water distribution system, and the lower section of water distribution system is equipped with collecting-tank;Water distribution system includes the perpendicular nozzle system that on the outside of tower air inlet and water spraying direction is vertical with tower central axes being arranged in, and be arranged in immediately below heat exchanger and the horizontal nozzles system of water spraying direction and tower axis parallel;When the perpendicular nozzle system and horizontal nozzles system are used for high ambient temperature, the evaporation pre-cooling of air is realized before outside air is contacted with heat exchanger.The present invention can improve natural ventilation air-cooling tower for the cooling efficiency of recirculated water in summer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cooling technology fields, and in particular to a kind of nozzle evaporates natural ventilation air-cooling tower and the cooling of pre-cooling
Method.
Background technique
Lack in water in China's richness coal, west area, due to water resources shortage, natural ventilation air-cooling tower, which has, is widely answered
With prospect, the characteristics of natural ventilation air-cooling tower, is as follows:
1) natural ventilation air-cooling tower is directly related to power plants generating electricity as important cold-end equipment, the quality of cooling performance
The economy and stability of efficiency.When the decline of air cooling tower cooling efficiency, circulating water temperature is increased, and the vacuum degree of condenser reduces,
The work efficiency drop of Steam Turbine, increases Coal-fired capacity, influences the economy of power plant.
2) natural ventilation air-cooling tower, than force ventilation tower height, heat exchange efficiency is lower than clammy tower for initial investment.At the same time,
In the presence of not water consumption, the advantages that maintenance cost is low, Blower-free power consumption.
3) natural ventilation air-cooling tower is when summer operating mode is run, and since ambient air temperature increases, heat exchange efficiency decline is led
Factory's decrease in power generation efficiency is sent a telegraph, cannot be matched with summer peak of power consumption.
In the prior art to improve heat exchange efficiency of the above-mentioned natural ventilation air-cooling tower in summer, there is the cooling, dry and wet that drenches with rain
A variety of Optimized Measures such as the combination of formula cooling unit, evaporation pre-cooling.
" the gravity-flow ventilation dry cooling tower summer fortune of pre-cooling principle is evaporated based on filler in He Suoying, Sun Fengzhong et al.
The optimization of line efficiency " in propose in evaporation pre-cooling it is standby due to the advantages that being not required to additional heat exchanger, easy for installation, economical and efficient
It is concerned.Evaporation pre-cooling mainly includes nozzle evaporation pre-cooling and filler evaporation pre-cooling.But the evaporation pre-cooling of its filler can not be kept away
The additional crushing of the introducing exempted from, to hinder outside air by air inlet, and not to the tool of delivery nozzle evaporation pre-cooling in paper
Body structure setting.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of natural ventilation air-cooling towers of nozzle evaporation pre-cooling, to air-cooled in the way of transpiration-cooled
The inlet air of tower cools down, to improve the operational efficiency of natural ventilation air-cooling tower summer.The installation letter of nozzle evaporative cooling system
List, drag losses are small, and are a kind of environmentally friendly, efficiently, economic types of cooling.
The present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a kind of natural ventilation air-cooling tower of nozzle evaporation pre-cooling, including tower, described
The lower part of tower inner cavity is equipped with the finned tube exchanger of one layer of radial arrangement, and the lower section of the heat exchanger is equipped with nozzle system
System, the lower section of nozzle system are equipped with collecting-tank, and nozzle system is supplied water by water distribution system;Nozzle system include setting tower into
On the outside of air port and perpendicular nozzle system that water spraying direction is vertical with tower central axes, and setting immediately below heat exchanger and are sprayed water
The horizontal nozzles system in direction and tower axis parallel;The perpendicular nozzle system and horizontal nozzles system are used for extraneous empty
Gas realizes evaporation precooled air before contacting with heat exchanger.
Further, the water distribution system includes annular water distribution pipe and vertical sparge pipe, the annular water distribution pipe and is matched vertically
Water pipe is all connected to external source.
Further, multiple perpendicular nozzles are in cylindrical arrangement along air inlet in perpendicular nozzle system and are mounted on vertical water distribution
Guan Shang, multiple perpendicular nozzles on same vertical sparge pipe are according to successively intensive mode is arranged from top to bottom.
Further, multiple horizontal nozzles are arranged in heat exchanger lower part according to annular shape in horizontal nozzles system, horizontal nozzles
It is separately mounted on multiple annular water distribution pipes, the distance between annular water distribution pipe and collecting-tank are less than between air inlet upper and lower end face
Distance.
Further, multiple annular water distribution pipes are arranged concentrically, and the difference in diameter between two neighboring annular water distribution pipe is constant.
Further, top cover is equipped between the perpendicular nozzle system and tower, the top cover is ring of the ring set in tower
Shape plate.
The present invention also provides a kind of cooling means of natural ventilation air-cooling tower using nozzle evaporation pre-cooling, including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1, air and heat exchanger surface progress heat exchange rise the partial air in tower, and tower is hollow airtight
Gentle drops are spent, cool ambient air enters tower inner cavity from air inlet under the action of draught head;
Step 2, start water distribution system, the water that perpendicular nozzle system and horizontal nozzles system spray forms water droplet stream;
Step 3, the air movement direction entered from air inlet is identical as perpendicular nozzle injection water droplet direction, air inlet
Air at perpendicular nozzle water droplet carry out caloic exchange;
Step 4, from perpendicular nozzle region be detached from air continue movement and with horizontal nozzles spray water droplet it is further hot
Mass transter;
Step 5, the air after caloic exchanges continues up and makes the water droplet evaporating completely carried in air
At gaseous state, the temperature of air is further decreased;
Step 6, the air after being pre-chilled through pervaporation is contacted with heat exchanger, realizes that the heat between air and heat exchanger is handed over
It changes;
Step 7, the water sprayed from nozzle system, most of to evaporate, unevaporated water largely can be in the effect of gravity
Under fall into collecting-tank, the unevaporated water of small part can by air carry secretly and lose.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) in such a way that perpendicular nozzle and horizontal nozzles are used cooperatively, water droplet and enter tower that perpendicular nozzle is sprayed
Outside air fair current, the water droplet of horizontal nozzles injection and the fair current of outside air part, part is vertical, this fair current and perpendicular flow
Mode outside air will not be hindered in air inlet, will not be reduced because of the pressure loss in air inlet outer
The flow of boundary's air inflow air cooling tower.
2) horizontal nozzles and the distance of vertical nozzle distance heat exchanger are larger, and upper end injector spacing in perpendicular nozzle system
Bigger, this setup makes outside air largely not carry unevaporated water in the water drop contact sprayed with nozzle system
Drop, when outside air reaches heat exchanger, essentially all of water droplet can all flash to gaseous state, can avoid the corruption of water droplet heat exchanging device
Erosion.
Detailed description of the invention
The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows
Meaning property embodiment and its explanation are not constituted an undue limitation on the present application for explaining the application.
Fig. 1 is overall schematic main view of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the perpendicular nozzle system of B-B visual direction in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the horizontal nozzles system of A-A visual direction in Fig. 1.
In figure: 1, tower;2, heat exchanger;3, top cover;4, perpendicular nozzle;5, water distribution system;6, collecting-tank;7, horizontal spray
Mouth.
Specific embodiment
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings of understanding.
The word of the indicating positions such as middle left and right of the present invention, forward and backward is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only
It is rather than to indicate or imply that signified device or component must have specific side to describe the present invention and simplify description
Position, is constructed and operated in a specific orientation, is not considered as limiting the invention.
A kind of exemplary embodiment of the application, as shown in Figure 1-3, a kind of gravity-flow ventilation of nozzle evaporation pre-cooling is air-cooled
Tower, including tower 1, the lower part of 1 inner cavity of tower are equipped with the finned tube exchanger 2 of one layer of radial arrangement, the heat exchange
The lower section of device 2 is equipped with nozzle system, and the lower section of nozzle system is equipped with collecting-tank 6, and nozzle system is supplied water by water distribution system 5;Spray
Mouth system includes that 4 system of perpendicular nozzle that on the outside of 1 air inlet of tower and water spraying direction is vertical with 1 central axes of tower is arranged in, with
And 7 system of horizontal nozzles of 2 underface of heat exchanger and water spraying direction and 1 axis parallel of tower is set;The perpendicular nozzle 4
When system and 7 system of horizontal nozzles are used for high ambient temperature, realize that the evaporation of air is pre- before outside air is contacted with heat exchanger 2
It is cold.Air cooling tower enters the wind the open height H design discipline (as shown in Figure 1) with reference to air cooling tower, and specific height is determined by unit capacity.
The water distribution system includes annular water distribution pipe and vertical sparge pipe, the annular water distribution pipe and vertical sparge pipe all with
External source connection.
Multiple perpendicular nozzles 4 are in cylindrical arrangement along air inlet in perpendicular nozzle system and are mounted on vertical sparge pipe,
Multiple perpendicular nozzles on same vertical sparge pipe are according to successively intensive mode is arranged from top to bottom.Preferably, perpendicular nozzle 4
Interval S 1 (as shown in Figure 2) between system nozzle is identical, and S2 is (as shown in Figure 2) different.In the injector spacing S2 close to ground
Value can be appropriate smaller, and the injector spacing S2 value at top can be appropriate larger, when reaching radiator face to avoid water droplet
Non- evaporating completely.
Preferably, multiple horizontal nozzles 7 are arranged in 2 lower part of heat exchanger according to annular shape in 7 system of horizontal nozzles, level spray
Mouth 7 is separately mounted on multiple annular water distribution pipes.That is the distance between annular water distribution pipe Yu collecting-tank 6 of 7 system of horizontal nozzles h
(as shown in Figure 1) should be less than air cooling tower air inlet open height H (the distance between air inlet upper and lower end face as shown in Figure 1), specific high
Degree is determined with reference to the size of actual column.
Preferably, multiple annular water distribution pipes are arranged concentrically, and the difference in diameter between two neighboring annular water distribution pipe is constant.Water
Flat nozzle 7 vertically sprays water, forms part vertical current, part fair current, i.e., the bottom of entire air cooling tower with the gas that the external world flows into
Portion's diameter is D, and first layer horizontal nozzles 7 are arranged on the circumference that diameter is d, and it is d1 that second layer horizontal nozzles 7, which are arranged in diameter,
Circumference on, third layer horizontal nozzles 7 be arranged in diameter be d2 circumference on, the 4th layer of horizontal nozzles 7 be arranged in diameter be d3
Circumference on, central horizontal nozzle 7 is arranged in the center location (as shown in Figure 3) of above-mentioned concentric circles, wherein diameter d should with dissipate
Hot device bottom lengths L (as shown in Figure 1) is identical.Five diameters meet following relationship: d3 < d2 < d1 < d < D.The horizontal spray of arrangement
Spacing between the two neighboring circumference of mouth 7 answers identical, d2-d3=d1-d2=d-d1.
Preferably, top cover 3 is equipped between 4 system of perpendicular nozzle and tower 1, the top cover 3 is ring set in tower 1
Annular slab;Top cover 3 prevents air from bypassing into tower 1 from gap and being not passed through evaporation chilldown system.3 size W of top cover is (such as
Shown in Fig. 1) with reference to the size determination of actual column.
Preferably, the diameter of the collecting-tank 6 is greater than the diameter of 4 system of perpendicular nozzle.Nozzle system need to be according to actual column
Size arrangement, arrangement principle is the air inlet of uniform cooling air cooling tower, and shower water drip to up to heat exchanger 2 before evaporating completely, keep away
Exempt from the corrosion of water droplet heat exchanging device 2.
The present invention also provides a kind of cooling means of natural ventilation air-cooling tower using nozzle evaporation pre-cooling, including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1, air and the progress heat exchange of 2 surface of heat exchanger rise the partial air in tower 1, and tower 1 is hollow
The gentle drops of air tightness, cool ambient air enter 1 inner cavity of tower from air inlet under the action of draught head;
Step 2, when summer high temperature, air cooling tower cooling efficiency is low, starts water distribution system, 4 system of perpendicular nozzle and horizontal spray
The water that 7 system of mouth sprays forms water droplet stream;
Step 3, the air movement direction entered from air inlet is identical as the injection water droplet direction of perpendicular nozzle 4, air inlet
The air at place carries out caloic with water droplet at perpendicular nozzle 4 and exchanges;
Step 4, from 4 region of perpendicular nozzle be detached from air continue movement and with horizontal nozzles 7 spray water droplet it is further
Caloic exchange;
Step 5, the air after caloic exchanges continues up and makes the water droplet evaporating completely carried in air
At gaseous state, the temperature of air is further decreased;
Step 6, the air after being pre-chilled through pervaporation is contacted with heat exchanger 2, realizes that the heat between air and heat exchanger 2 is handed over
It changes, cooling performance when air cooling tower summer high temperature can be improved;
Step 7, the water sprayed from nozzle system, most of to evaporate, unevaporated water largely can be in the effect of gravity
Under fall into collecting-tank 6, the unevaporated water of small part can by air carry secretly and lose
Working principle: in tower, air flows through air inlet region under the action of natural buoyancy, empty in the region
The water droplet that gas and nozzle spray carries out caloic and exchanges, dry air can (that is, the partial pressure of water vapor of water drops surface laminar air
Higher than the steam partial pressure in air, this natural pressure difference become water evaporation power) driving force under water evaporation, and
Heat needed for drawing evaporation from air, to reduce entering air temperature, the air themperature for passing through heat exchanger 2 compares tower
The dry-bulb temperature of external environment is low, and the heat exchange efficiency of air and heat exchanger 2 improves in tower at this time, so that it is air-cooled to improve gravity-flow ventilation
The summer cooling performance of tower.
The foregoing is merely preferred embodiment of the present application, are not intended to limit this application, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, various changes and changes are possible in this application.Within the spirit and principles of this application, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of natural ventilation air-cooling tower of nozzle evaporation pre-cooling, including tower, which is characterized in that the lower part of the tower inner cavity
Finned tube exchanger equipped with one layer of radial arrangement, the lower section of the heat exchanger are equipped with nozzle system, under nozzle system
Side is equipped with collecting-tank, and nozzle system is supplied water by water distribution system;
Nozzle system includes that the perpendicular nozzle system that on the outside of tower air inlet and water spraying direction is vertical with tower central axes is arranged in,
And it is arranged in immediately below heat exchanger and the horizontal nozzles system of water spraying direction and tower axis parallel;
When the perpendicular nozzle system and horizontal nozzles system are used for high ambient temperature, the realization before outside air is contacted with heat exchanger
Evaporate precooled air.
2. the natural ventilation air-cooling tower of nozzle evaporation pre-cooling as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the water distribution system packet
Annular water distribution pipe and vertical sparge pipe are included, the annular water distribution pipe and vertical sparge pipe are all connected to external source.
3. the natural ventilation air-cooling tower of nozzle evaporation pre-cooling as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in perpendicular nozzle system
Multiple perpendicular nozzles are in cylindrical arrangement along air inlet and are mounted on vertical sparge pipe, multiple vertical on same vertical sparge pipe
Straight nozzle is according to successively intensive mode is arranged from top to bottom.
4. the natural ventilation air-cooling tower of nozzle evaporation pre-cooling as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in horizontal nozzles system
Multiple horizontal nozzles arrange that horizontal nozzles are separately mounted on multiple annular water distribution pipes, ring in heat exchanger lower part according to annular shape
The distance between shape sparge pipe and collecting-tank are less than the distance between air inlet upper and lower end face.
5. the natural ventilation air-cooling tower of nozzle evaporation pre-cooling as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that multiple annular water distribution pipes
It is arranged concentrically, the difference in diameter between two neighboring annular water distribution pipe is constant.
6. the natural ventilation air-cooling tower of nozzle evaporation pre-cooling as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the perpendicular nozzle system
Top cover is equipped between system and tower, the top cover is annular slab of the ring set in tower.
7. using the cooling means of the natural ventilation air-cooling tower of nozzle evaporation pre-cooling described in any one of claim 1-6,
Characterized by comprising the following steps:
Step 1, air and heat exchanger surface carry out heat exchange the partial air are made to increase in tower, in tower atmospheric density and
Air pressure decline, cool ambient air enter tower inner cavity from air inlet under the action of draught head;
Step 2, start water distribution system, the water that perpendicular nozzle system and horizontal nozzles system spray forms water droplet stream;
Step 3, the air movement direction entered from air inlet is identical as perpendicular nozzle injection water droplet direction, the sky of air inlet
Gas carries out caloic with water droplet at perpendicular nozzle and exchanges;
Step 4, continue movement from the air that perpendicular nozzle region is detached from and the further caloic of water droplet sprayed with horizontal nozzles is handed over
It changes;
Step 5, the air after caloic exchanges continues up and makes the water droplet evaporating completely carried in air at gas
The temperature of state, air further decreases;
Step 6, the water sprayed from nozzle system, most of to evaporate, unevaporated water can largely be fallen under gravity
Enter in collecting-tank, the unevaporated water of small part can be carried secretly by air and be lost.
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CN110736362A (en) * | 2019-11-02 | 2020-01-31 | 济南蓝辰能源技术有限公司 | indirect air-cooling spray evaporation cooling device capable of forming falling film |
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CN105115315A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-02 | 北京欧泰克能源环保工程技术股份有限公司 | Energy-saving closed cooling tower |
CN205156683U (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2016-04-13 | 赵天波 | Many spray set of multimode evaporate air cooler |
CN105674764A (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2016-06-15 | 哈尔滨宇神科技有限公司 | Inner and outer air flow guiding device for cooling tower and flow guiding method |
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RU2425313C2 (en) * | 2009-10-12 | 2011-07-27 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Московский государственный университет инженерной экологии" | Fan cooling tower |
CN202372052U (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2012-08-08 | 哈尔滨宇神科技有限公司 | Device for reducing air inlet resistance of natural ventilation cooling water tower |
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