CN105865221B - There is the gravity-flow ventilation dry and wet joint cooling tower of air precooling and preventing freeze in winter - Google Patents
There is the gravity-flow ventilation dry and wet joint cooling tower of air precooling and preventing freeze in winter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105865221B CN105865221B CN201610391117.6A CN201610391117A CN105865221B CN 105865221 B CN105865221 B CN 105865221B CN 201610391117 A CN201610391117 A CN 201610391117A CN 105865221 B CN105865221 B CN 105865221B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cooling
- dry
- circulating water
- cooling section
- wet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 396
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 284
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 58
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005399 mechanical ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
- F28C1/00—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
- F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
- F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
- F28F25/08—Splashing boards or grids, e.g. for converting liquid sprays into liquid films; Elements or beds for increasing the area of the contact surface
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种具有空气预冷及冬季防冻功能的自然通风干湿联合冷却塔。干冷段和湿冷段沿垂直方向集成布置在冷却塔内，所述干冷段包括干冷冷却单元，设有冷却三角进行空气—循环水间壁式换热；所述湿冷段由上至下依次包括配水区、填料区、雨区和集水池，采用空气—循环水混合换热方式。水侧流动系统包括循环水分配系统和预冷系统。本发明能够根据当地气象条件及现场工况等实际情况灵活选择冷却塔运行模式，包括纯干冷运行方式、纯湿冷运行方式、干湿联合串联运行方式、干湿联合并联运行方式及预冷干冷运行方式，保证冷却塔连续安全高效运行，既可以节水又可以在夏季高温时提供较低的出塔水温，也可在冬季时有效预防干冷冷却单元的冻结问题。
The invention relates to a naturally ventilated dry-wet combined cooling tower with the functions of air precooling and winter antifreeze. The dry-cooling section and the wet-cooling section are arranged vertically in the cooling tower. The dry-cooling section includes a dry-cooling cooling unit with a cooling triangle for air-circulating water partition wall heat exchange; the wet-cooling section includes a water distribution area from top to bottom , Filling area, rain area and sump, adopt air-circulating water mixed heat exchange mode. The water side flow system includes a circulating water distribution system and a pre-cooling system. The invention can flexibly select the operation mode of the cooling tower according to the actual conditions such as local meteorological conditions and on-site working conditions, including pure dry cooling operation mode, pure wet cooling operation mode, dry-wet joint series operation mode, dry-wet joint parallel operation mode and pre-cooling dry-cooling operation mode The way to ensure the continuous safe and efficient operation of the cooling tower can not only save water but also provide a lower water temperature when the temperature is high in summer, and it can also effectively prevent the freezing problem of the dry cooling unit in winter.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于冷却塔技术领域，特别涉及一种具有空气预冷及冬季防冻功能的自然通风干湿联合冷却塔。The invention belongs to the technical field of cooling towers, in particular to a naturally ventilated dry-wet combined cooling tower with the functions of air precooling and winter antifreeze.
背景技术Background technique
在电力、石化、冶金、制药等生产领域中，众多生产环节所产生的热量必须及时散出以保证生产过程持续高效运行。In the production fields of electric power, petrochemical, metallurgy, pharmaceuticals, etc., the heat generated in many production links must be dissipated in time to ensure the continuous and efficient operation of the production process.
以热电厂为例，凝汽器是一种将汽轮机排汽冷凝成液态水的装置，其冷却效果，包括冷却速率和冷凝温度，是评价热电厂经济性的重要指标，直接关系到发电机组的发电效率。凝汽器优良的冷却效率可以促进能源的高效利用，促进电力生产环节的节能减排。Taking a thermal power plant as an example, the condenser is a device that condenses the exhaust steam of the steam turbine into liquid water. Its cooling effect, including cooling rate and condensation temperature, is an important indicator for evaluating the economics of a thermal power plant and is directly related to the power generation efficiency of the generating set. . The excellent cooling efficiency of the condenser can promote the efficient utilization of energy and promote energy saving and emission reduction in the power production process.
传统热电厂的冷端多采用闭式湿冷系统，冷却循环冷却水通过表面式凝汽器将汽轮机排汽热量带出，温度升高后，在湿冷塔中以对流及蒸发换热的方式将自身热量释放到环境中。此种冷却系统效率较高，但由于循环冷却水自身与空气接触蒸发及空气携带水滴等原因，冷却循环过程中会出现循环冷却水水质下降及循环冷却水水量减少等现象，需要持续补充经过精处理的循环冷却水。另外，湿式冷却塔出口空气处于饱和状态，若与外界冷空气混合会导致水分析出，产生水雾，对电厂周围环境产生负面影响。The cold end of traditional thermal power plants mostly adopts a closed wet-cooling system. The cooling circulating cooling water takes out the exhaust steam heat of the steam turbine through the surface condenser. released into the environment. This type of cooling system has high efficiency, but due to the evaporation of the circulating cooling water itself in contact with the air and the water droplets carried by the air, the quality of the circulating cooling water will decrease and the amount of circulating cooling water will decrease during the cooling cycle. Treated circulating cooling water. In addition, the air at the outlet of the wet cooling tower is in a saturated state. If it is mixed with the cold outside air, water will be separated out and water mist will be generated, which will have a negative impact on the surrounding environment of the power plant.
由于水资源的匮乏，北方缺水地区的热电厂难以采用传统湿冷冷却系统，故多采用空冷冷却系统。空冷系统主要分为直接和间接两种型式。直接空冷系统无需循环冷却水，汽轮机排汽直接通过表面式凝汽器将自身热量散到环境中。间接空冷中，循环冷却水与空气的传热过程依然在表面式凝汽器中进行，故循环冷却水水质下降和水量损失很小。很明显空冷系统具有巨大的节水优势，但其存在固有缺陷。在采用机械通风的直接空冷系统中，轴流风机的耗电量约占电厂发电量的1％～1.5％。同时旋转风机也会产生噪音污染。间接空冷系统中，循环冷却水经过两次换热，换热效果差。若循环冷却水与汽轮机排汽进行接触换热，则又加大了循环冷却水的精处理成本。在夏季，环境空气的干球温度较高时，上述两种空冷系统与环境空气之间换热温差减小，导致电厂机组背压升高，机组经济性下降。Due to the lack of water resources, it is difficult for thermal power plants in water-scarce areas in the north to adopt traditional wet-cooling cooling systems, so air-cooling cooling systems are mostly used. Air cooling systems are mainly divided into direct and indirect two types. The direct air cooling system does not need circulating cooling water, and the exhaust steam of the steam turbine dissipates its heat directly to the environment through the surface condenser. In indirect air cooling, the heat transfer process between circulating cooling water and air is still carried out in the surface condenser, so the water quality of circulating cooling water decreases and the loss of water volume is very small. While it's clear that air-cooled systems have enormous water-saving benefits, they have inherent drawbacks. In the direct air cooling system using mechanical ventilation, the power consumption of the axial flow fan accounts for about 1% to 1.5% of the power generation of the power plant. At the same time, the rotating fan will also generate noise pollution. In the indirect air cooling system, the circulating cooling water undergoes two heat exchanges, and the heat exchange effect is poor. If the circulating cooling water is in contact with the exhaust steam of the steam turbine for heat exchange, the cost of fine treatment of the circulating cooling water will be increased. In summer, when the dry bulb temperature of the ambient air is high, the heat transfer temperature difference between the above two air cooling systems and the ambient air decreases, resulting in an increase in the back pressure of the power plant unit and a decrease in the unit economy.
在国家大力号召节能减排、建设资源节约型社会的大背景下，在能源、电力、化工等领域的生产过程中，实现高效冷却可以显著提高能源利用效率，节省水和化石能源等重要资源。本发明在现有的干冷和湿冷基础上，综合两者的优点，发展了新型联合冷却系统。Under the background of the country's vigorous call for energy conservation and emission reduction, and the construction of a resource-saving society, in the production process of energy, electric power, chemical industry and other fields, the realization of high-efficiency cooling can significantly improve energy utilization efficiency and save important resources such as water and fossil energy. Based on the existing dry cooling and wet cooling, the present invention integrates the advantages of both, and develops a new combined cooling system.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术不足，本发明提供了一种具有空气预冷及冬季防冻功能的自然通风干湿联合冷却塔。Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the invention provides a natural ventilation dry-wet combined cooling tower with the functions of air precooling and winter antifreeze.
塔体通过支撑结构支撑在地面上，干冷段和湿冷段沿垂直方向集成布置在塔体内，且干冷段位于湿冷段的上方；The tower body is supported on the ground by the support structure, the dry cooling section and the wet cooling section are integrated in the tower body along the vertical direction, and the dry cooling section is located above the wet cooling section;
所述干冷段包括干冷冷却单元2，干冷冷却单元2设有冷却三角作为散热器，所述冷却三角是由两排空冷翅片管束组成30°～120°的“∧”型，再在底部装有百叶窗形成“△”型；一定数量的冷却三角水平布置，铺设在干冷段；The dry cooling section includes a dry cooling unit 2, and the dry cooling unit 2 is provided with a cooling triangle as a radiator, and the cooling triangle is formed by two rows of air-cooled finned tube bundles in a 30°-120° "∧" shape, and then installed at the bottom There are louvers to form a "△" shape; a certain number of cooling triangles are arranged horizontally and laid in the dry and cold section;
所述湿冷段由上至下依次包括配水区4、填料区5、雨区7和集水池8；配水系统3位于配水区4顶部；填料区5设置单层或多层填料，或者留空；The wet cooling section includes a water distribution area 4, a packing area 5, a rain area 7, and a sump 8 from top to bottom; the water distribution system 3 is located at the top of the water distribution area 4; the packing area 5 is provided with a single-layer or multi-layer packing, or left blank;
塔体底部设有空气入口，塔体的内部，对应空气入口设有入口百叶窗9；An air inlet is provided at the bottom of the tower body, and an inlet shutter 9 is provided corresponding to the air inlet inside the tower body;
水侧流动系统包括循环水分配系统和预冷系统；所述循环水分配系统的循环水总进口管道17分为两路，分别为干冷段循环水进口管道19和湿冷段循环水进口管道20，干冷段循环水进口管道19连接至干冷冷却单元2的进水口，湿冷段循环水进口管道20连接至配水系统3的进水口；干冷段循环水出口管道21连接至干冷冷却单元2的出水口，湿冷段循环水出口管道23连接至集水池8的出水口，干冷段循环水出口管道21和湿冷段循环水出口管道23汇合后连通至循环水总出口管道18；干冷段循环水出口管道21上设有旁通管道22连接至配水系统3的进水口；所述预冷系统，预冷水入口管道24连接至配水系统3的进水口，预冷水出口管道25连接至集水池8的出水口；The water side flow system includes a circulating water distribution system and a pre-cooling system; the circulating water general inlet pipeline 17 of the circulating water distribution system is divided into two paths, which are respectively the circulating water inlet pipeline 19 of the dry cooling section and the circulating water inlet pipeline 20 of the wet cooling section, The dry-cooling section circulating water inlet pipeline 19 is connected to the water inlet of the dry-cooling cooling unit 2, the wet-cooling section circulating water inlet pipeline 20 is connected to the water inlet of the water distribution system 3; the dry-cooling section circulating water outlet pipeline 21 is connected to the water outlet of the dry-cooling cooling unit 2, The wet-cooling section circulating water outlet pipeline 23 is connected to the water outlet of the sump 8, and the dry-cooling section circulating water outlet pipeline 21 and the wet-cooling section circulating water outlet pipeline 23 are merged and then connected to the circulating water general outlet pipeline 18; the dry-cooling section circulating water outlet pipeline 21 A bypass pipeline 22 is provided to be connected to the water inlet of the water distribution system 3; in the precooling system, the precooling water inlet pipeline 24 is connected to the water inlet of the water distribution system 3, and the precooling water outlet pipeline 25 is connected to the water outlet of the sump 8;
其中，循环水总出口管道18上设有循环水泵27，预冷水出口管道25上设有预冷水泵26，各管道上分别设有阀门。Wherein, a circulating water pump 27 is provided on the circulating water main outlet pipeline 18, a precooling water pump 26 is provided on the precooling water outlet pipeline 25, and valves are respectively provided on each pipeline.
优选地，所述冷却三角平行排列组成多个矩形组块排布在干冷段；或所述冷却三角组成多个同心圆呈辐射状分布在干冷段；或所述冷却三角呈矩形与辐射状的组合分布，外侧的冷却三角组成多个同心圆呈辐射状分布，中部的冷却三角平行排列组成多排矩形组块。Preferably, the cooling triangles are arranged in parallel to form a plurality of rectangular blocks arranged in the dry cooling section; or the cooling triangles form a plurality of concentric circles and are radially distributed in the dry cooling section; or the cooling triangles are rectangular and radial Combined distribution, the outer cooling triangles form multiple concentric circles in a radial distribution, and the central cooling triangles are arranged in parallel to form multiple rows of rectangular blocks.
优选地，所述塔体采用双曲线结构，或采用竖直线与双曲线的一支相组合而成的结构。Preferably, the tower body adopts a hyperbolic structure, or a structure composed of a vertical line and one branch of a hyperbola.
具有空气预冷及冬季防冻功能的自然通风干湿联合冷却塔的应用：Application of natural ventilation wet and dry combined cooling tower with air precooling and winter antifreeze functions:
干冷段和湿冷段采用单独运行或联合运行的方式；The dry cooling section and the wet cooling section are operated separately or jointly;
湿冷段采用空气—循环水混合换热方式，水侧流动为，循环水自上往下依次经过配水区4、填料区5和雨区7，其中，循环水经由配水系统3分配，经过配水区4喷淋至填料区5，经由填料区5流至雨区7，循环水在配水区4、填料区5及雨区7与空气进行换热，最后流入集水池8；空气侧流动为，空气从塔外由空气入口进入塔内，通过入口百叶窗9后，在雨区7受热上升，依次通过雨区7、填料区5和配水区4进行换热；The wet-cooling section adopts the air-circulating water mixed heat exchange method, and the water side flow is as follows: the circulating water passes through the water distribution area 4, the filling area 5 and the rain area 7 from top to bottom, in which the circulating water is distributed through the water distribution system 3 and passes through the water distribution area 4 Spray to the filling area 5, and flow to the rain area 7 through the filling area 5. The circulating water exchanges heat with the air in the water distribution area 4, the filling area 5 and the rain area 7, and finally flows into the sump 8; the flow of the air side is, air Enter the tower from outside the tower through the air inlet, and after passing through the inlet louvers 9, it is heated and rises in the rain zone 7, and then passes through the rain zone 7, the filling zone 5 and the water distribution zone 4 in turn for heat exchange;
干冷段采用空气—循环水间壁式换热方式，干冷冷却单元2的空冷翅片管束，管内流体为循环水，管外翘片间流体为空气，在冷却塔内自然对流产生的抽吸作用下，空气自下而上流过干冷冷却单元2，将水侧热量带走。The dry-cooling section adopts the air-circulating water partition wall heat exchange method. The air-cooled finned tube bundle of the dry-cooling cooling unit 2, the fluid in the tube is circulating water, and the fluid between the fins outside the tube is air. Under the suction effect of natural convection in the cooling tower , the air flows through the dry cooling unit 2 from bottom to top to take away the heat from the water side.
优选地，干冷段与湿冷段采用以下的运行方式对循环水进行冷却：Preferably, the dry cooling section and the wet cooling section use the following operation mode to cool the circulating water:
1)冬季防冻运行方式：预冷系统关闭，填料单层布置，循环水分为两路分别独立经过干冷段和湿冷段，空气自下而上流过冷却塔，依次经湿冷段、干冷段进行换热；此时，循环水分配系统中干冷段循环水进口管道19、湿冷段循环水进口管道20、干冷段循环水出口管道21和湿冷段循环水出口管道23的阀门处于开启状态；旁通管道22和预冷系统中的预冷水入口管道24的阀门处于关闭状态；入口百叶窗9处于打开状态；1) Winter anti-freezing operation mode: the pre-cooling system is closed, the filler is arranged in a single layer, the circulating water is divided into two paths and passes through the dry cooling section and the wet cooling section independently, and the air flows through the cooling tower from bottom to top, and then passes through the wet cooling section and the dry cooling section for heat exchange ; At this time, the valves of the dry-cooling section circulating water inlet pipeline 19, the wet-cooling section circulating water inlet pipeline 20, the dry-cooling section circulating water outlet pipeline 21 and the wet-cooling section circulating water outlet pipeline 23 in the circulating water distribution system are in an open state; the bypass pipeline 22 And the valve of the pre-cooling water inlet pipeline 24 in the pre-cooling system is in a closed state; the inlet louver 9 is in an open state;
2)春、秋季纯干冷运行方式：预冷系统关闭，填料单层布置或置空，循环水只进入干冷段，空气自下而上流过冷却塔，在干冷段进行换热；此时，循环水分配系统中干冷段循环水进口管道19和干冷段循环水出口管道21的阀门处于开启状态，湿冷段循环水进口管道20、旁通管道22，以及预冷系统中预冷水入口管道24的阀门均处于关闭状态，入口百叶窗9处于打开状态；2) Pure dry cooling operation mode in spring and autumn: the pre-cooling system is closed, the filler is arranged in a single layer or left empty, the circulating water only enters the dry cooling section, the air flows through the cooling tower from bottom to top, and performs heat exchange in the dry cooling section; at this time, the circulation In the water distribution system, the valves of the circulating water inlet pipe 19 of the dry-cooling section and the circulating water outlet pipe 21 of the dry-cooling section are in an open state, and the valves of the circulating water inlet pipe 20 of the wet-cooling section, the bypass pipe 22, and the pre-cooling water inlet pipe 24 of the pre-cooling system Both are in the closed state, and the entrance shutter 9 is in the open state;
3)夏季运行方式为a)～c)中任意一种：3) The summer operation mode is any one of a) ~ c):
a)夏季空气预冷运行方式：引入外部冷却水开启预冷系统，填料单层布置，循环水只经过干冷段，空气自下而上流过冷却塔，在湿冷段进行预冷却后，在干冷段与循环水进行换热；此时，循环水分配系统中干冷段循环水进口管道19和干冷段循环水出口管道21，以及预冷系统中预冷水入口管道24和预冷水出口管道25的阀门均处于开启状态；湿冷段循环水进口管道20、湿冷段循环水出口管道23和旁通管道22的阀门处于关闭状态；入口百叶窗9处于打开状态；a) Summer air pre-cooling operation mode: introduce external cooling water to start the pre-cooling system, the packing is arranged in a single layer, the circulating water only passes through the dry cooling section, and the air flows through the cooling tower from bottom to top. Carry out heat exchange with circulating water; At this time, in the circulating water distribution system, the valves of the dry cooling section circulating water inlet pipeline 19 and the dry cooling section circulating water outlet pipeline 21, as well as the precooling water inlet pipeline 24 and the precooling water outlet pipeline 25 in the precooling system are all It is in the open state; the valves of the circulating water inlet pipe 20 of the wet cooling section, the circulating water outlet pipe 23 of the wet cooling section and the bypass pipe 22 are in the closed state; the inlet louvers 9 are in the open state;
b)夏季干湿联合串联运行方式：预冷系统关闭，填料三层布置，全部循环水依次经过干冷段、湿冷段，空气自下而上流过冷却塔，依次经湿冷段、干冷段进行换热；此时，循环水分配系统中干冷段循环水进口管道19、旁通管道22和湿冷段循环水出口管道23的阀门均处于开启状态，循环水分配系统中湿冷段循环水进口管道20、干冷段循环水出口管道21，以及预冷系统中预冷水入口管道24和预冷水出口管道25的阀门均处于关闭状态；入口百叶窗9处于打开状态；b) Dry-wet combined series operation mode in summer: the pre-cooling system is closed, the packing is arranged in three layers, all the circulating water passes through the dry-cooling section and the wet-cooling section in turn, the air flows through the cooling tower from bottom to top, and then passes through the wet-cooling section and the dry-cooling section for heat exchange ; At this time, the valves of the dry-cooling section circulating water inlet pipeline 19, the bypass pipeline 22 and the wet-cooling section circulating water outlet pipeline 23 in the circulating water distribution system are all in an open state, and the wet-cooling section circulating water inlet pipeline 20, dry-cooling section in the circulating water distribution system The section circulating water outlet pipe 21, and the valves of the pre-cooling water inlet pipe 24 and the pre-cooling water outlet pipe 25 in the pre-cooling system are all in a closed state; the inlet louvers 9 are in an open state;
c)夏季干湿联合并联运行方式，预冷系统关闭，填料三层布置，循环水分为两路分别独立经过干冷段、湿冷段，空气自下而上流过冷却塔，依次经湿冷段、干冷段进行换热；此时，循环水分配系统中干冷段循环水进口管道19、湿冷段循环水进口管道20、干冷段循环水出口管道21和湿冷段循环水出口管道23的阀门均处于开启状态，旁通管道22和预冷系统中预冷水入口管道24和预冷水出口管道25的阀门均处于关闭状态；入口百叶窗9处于打开状态；c) Dry and wet combined parallel operation mode in summer, the pre-cooling system is closed, the packing is arranged in three layers, the circulating water is divided into two paths and passes through the dry cooling section and the wet cooling section independently, and the air flows through the cooling tower from bottom to top, and then passes through the wet cooling section and the dry cooling section in turn Carry out heat exchange; At this time, the valves of the circulating water inlet pipeline 19 of the dry-cooling section, the circulating water inlet pipeline 20 of the wet-cooling section, the circulating water outlet pipeline 21 of the dry-cooling section and the circulating water outlet pipeline 23 of the wet-cooling section in the circulating water distribution system are all in an open state, The bypass pipe 22 and the valves of the pre-cooling water inlet pipe 24 and the pre-cooling water outlet pipe 25 in the pre-cooling system are all in a closed state; the inlet louvers 9 are in an open state;
4)干冷段检修时的纯湿冷运行方式：预冷系统关闭，填料三层布置，循环水只经湿冷段，空气自下而上流过冷却塔，在湿冷段进行换热；此时，循环水分配系统中湿冷段循环水进口管道20和湿冷段循环水出口管道23的阀门处于开启状态，循环水分配系统中干冷段循环水进口管道19、旁通管道22，以及预冷系统中预冷水入口管道24和预冷水出口管道25的阀门均处于关闭状态；入口百叶窗9处于打开状态。4) The pure wet-cooling operation mode during the maintenance of the dry-cooling section: the pre-cooling system is closed, the packing is arranged in three layers, the circulating water only passes through the wet-cooling section, the air flows through the cooling tower from bottom to top, and heat exchange is performed in the wet-cooling section; The valves of the circulating water inlet pipe 20 in the wet-cooling section and the circulating water outlet pipe 23 in the wet-cooling section in the distribution system are in an open state, the circulating water inlet pipe 19 and the bypass pipe 22 in the dry-cooling section in the circulating water distribution system, and the pre-cooling water inlet in the pre-cooling system The valves of the pipeline 24 and the pre-cooling water outlet pipeline 25 are all in the closed state; the inlet louvers 9 are in the open state.
本发明的有益效果为：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1)冷却塔塔形采用单段或双段双曲线，依靠自然对流作用，可以在塔内形成自下向上下的抽吸力，无需风机驱动空气流动，节约设备投资及运行所需电能；(1) The tower shape of the cooling tower adopts single-segment or double-segment hyperbola, relying on natural convection, it can form a suction force from bottom to bottom in the tower, without the need for fans to drive air flow, saving equipment investment and power required for operation;
(2)干冷段、湿冷段沿垂直方向集成布置在同一个冷却塔内，充分利用塔内空间，节省土地资源的使用；同时增强了塔内的抽吸力，满足更大的热负荷需求；(2) The dry-cooling section and the wet-cooling section are arranged vertically in the same cooling tower, making full use of the space in the tower and saving land resources; at the same time, the suction force in the tower is enhanced to meet the greater demand for heat load;
(3)采用循环水分配系统和预冷系统调节干冷段、湿冷段的运行模式，具有高效的气水换热性能，使得冷却塔在复杂气象条件下能连续高效运行，达到节能效果；(3) The circulating water distribution system and pre-cooling system are used to adjust the operation mode of the dry cooling section and the wet cooling section, which has efficient air-water heat exchange performance, so that the cooling tower can operate continuously and efficiently under complex weather conditions, achieving energy-saving effects;
(4)干冷段常年运行，当环境温度过高或过低时启用湿冷段进行联合冷却，可以有效减少年运行中湿冷的水蒸发损失，节省循环水的年运行补水量；(4) The dry-cooling section operates all year round. When the ambient temperature is too high or too low, the wet-cooling section is used for combined cooling, which can effectively reduce the evaporation loss of wet-cooled water during annual operation and save the annual water supply of circulating water;
(5)夏季环境气温较高，循环水经过湿冷段时，循环水直接裸露在空气中，水质会下降，在循环泵的作用下重新流入冷端时会使冷端的管道产生腐蚀现象，故需要对循环水做进一步水质处理。同时循环水的蒸发引起水量减少，需要不断补充新的循环水。本发明中预冷系统能预冷却进口空气，则较好地解决了循环水质下降及水量减少的问题，减少水质处理的费用，又能保证夏季环境气温较高时冷却塔出口较低的循环水温度；(5) The ambient temperature is high in summer. When the circulating water passes through the wet and cold section, the circulating water is directly exposed to the air, and the water quality will decline. Perform further water quality treatment on circulating water. At the same time, the evaporation of circulating water causes the water volume to decrease, and new circulating water needs to be continuously replenished. The pre-cooling system in the present invention can pre-cool the inlet air, which better solves the problems of circulating water quality degradation and water volume reduction, reduces the cost of water quality treatment, and can ensure lower circulating water at the outlet of the cooling tower when the ambient temperature is high in summer. temperature;
(6)冬季气温较低时，适当地将循环水引入湿冷段加热进口空气，使进入干冷段的空气温度稍有提高，有效地减弱和避免干冷段散热器冻结问题，保证冷却塔连续安全高效运行；(6) When the temperature is low in winter, the circulating water is properly introduced into the wet cooling section to heat the inlet air, so that the temperature of the air entering the dry cooling section is slightly increased, effectively weakening and avoiding the freezing problem of the radiator in the dry cooling section, and ensuring the continuous safety and high efficiency of the cooling tower run;
(7)冷却塔中填料采用分层布置，不同的运行方式采用不同的布置层数，在满足热负荷的前提下，有效的降低空气侧的阻力；(7) The filling in the cooling tower is arranged in layers, and different operation modes adopt different layout layers, which can effectively reduce the resistance of the air side under the premise of meeting the heat load;
(8)检修维护时可干冷段或湿冷段单独运行，避免冷却塔完全停运造成生产中断，减少停运的经济损失。(8) The dry-cooling section or the wet-cooling section can be operated separately during maintenance to avoid production interruption caused by the complete shutdown of the cooling tower and reduce the economic loss of shutdown.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一种具有空气预冷及冬季防冻功能的自然通风干湿联合冷却塔结构和流程示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure and flow chart of a naturally ventilated dry-wet combined cooling tower with air precooling and winter antifreeze functions according to the present invention.
图2是本发明一种具有空气预冷及冬季防冻功能的自然通风干湿联合冷却塔外形示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a natural ventilation dry-wet combined cooling tower with air precooling and winter antifreeze functions according to the present invention.
图3是干冷冷却单元水平辐射状布置的示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal radial arrangement of dry cooling units.
图4是干冷冷却单元水平矩形状布置的示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal rectangular arrangement of dry cooling units.
图5是填料分层示意图。Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of packing layers.
标号说明：1-塔体，2-干冷冷却单元，3-配水系统，4-配水区，5-填料区，6-支撑结构，7-雨区，8-集水池，9-入口百叶窗，10-F阀门，11-A阀门，12-B阀门，13-C阀门，14-D阀门，15-E阀门，16-G阀门，17-循环冷却水总进口管道，18-循环冷却水总出口管道，19-干冷段循环冷却水进口管道，20-湿冷段循环冷却水进口管道，21-干冷段循环冷却水出口管道，22-旁通管道，23-湿冷段循环冷却水出口管道，24-预冷水入口管道，25-预冷水出口管道，26-预冷水泵，27-循环水泵。Explanation of symbols: 1-tower body, 2-dry cooling unit, 3-water distribution system, 4-water distribution area, 5-filling area, 6-support structure, 7-rain area, 8-water collection tank, 9-entrance shutter, 10 -F valve, 11-A valve, 12-B valve, 13-C valve, 14-D valve, 15-E valve, 16-G valve, 17-circulating cooling water main inlet pipe, 18-circulating cooling water main outlet Pipeline, 19-dry cooling section circulating cooling water inlet pipeline, 20-wet cooling section circulating cooling water inlet pipeline, 21-dry cooling section circulating cooling water outlet pipeline, 22-bypass pipeline, 23-wet cooling section circulating cooling water outlet pipeline, 24- Pre-cooling water inlet pipe, 25-pre-cooling water outlet pipe, 26-pre-cooling water pump, 27-circulating water pump.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步说明。应该强调的是，下述说明仅仅是示例性的，而不是为了限制本发明的范围及其应用。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be emphasized that the following description is only exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention and its application.
如图1-图2所示一种具有空气预冷及冬季防冻功能的自然通风干湿联合冷却塔，塔体1采用双曲线结构，通过支撑结构6支撑在地面上，支撑结构6为“X”型柱或“人”字型柱；干冷段和湿冷段沿垂直方向集成布置在塔体1内，且干冷段位于湿冷段的上方，使得干冷段设备的安装高度高于传统间接空冷中干冷段设备的高度。所述干冷段包括干冷冷却单元2，干冷冷却单元2设有冷却三角作为散热器，所述冷却三角是由两排空冷翅片管束组成30°～120°的“∧”型，再在底部装有百叶窗形成“△”型；100～2000个冷却三角水平布置，铺设在干冷段。其中，一种优选方案如图4所示，所述100～2000个冷却三角平行排列组成多个矩形组块排布在干冷段；另一种优选方案如图3所示，所述100～2000个冷却三角呈矩形与辐射状的组合分布，外侧的冷却三角组成多个同心圆呈辐射状分布，中部的冷却三角平行排列组成多排矩形组块；所述同心圆的圆心在塔体1的轴心线上。As shown in Figures 1-2, a natural ventilation dry-wet combined cooling tower with air precooling and winter antifreeze functions, the tower body 1 adopts a hyperbolic structure, supported on the ground by a support structure 6, and the support structure 6 is "X" ""-shaped column or "herringbone"-shaped column; the dry-cooling section and the wet-cooling section are integrated in the tower body 1 along the vertical direction, and the dry-cooling section is located above the wet-cooling section, making the installation height of the equipment in the dry-cooling section higher than that of the traditional indirect air-cooled dry-cooling section The height of the segment device. The dry cooling section includes a dry cooling unit 2, and the dry cooling unit 2 is provided with a cooling triangle as a radiator, and the cooling triangle is formed by two rows of air-cooled finned tube bundles in a 30°-120° "∧" shape, and then installed at the bottom There are louvers to form a "△" shape; 100 to 2000 cooling triangles are arranged horizontally and laid in the dry and cold section. Among them, one preferred scheme is shown in Figure 4, the 100 to 2000 cooling triangles are arranged in parallel to form a plurality of rectangular blocks arranged in the dry cooling section; another preferred scheme is shown in Figure 3, the 100 to 2000 The three cooling triangles are distributed in a rectangular and radial combination, the outer cooling triangles form a plurality of concentric circles and are distributed radially, and the cooling triangles in the middle are arranged in parallel to form multiple rows of rectangular blocks; the center of the concentric circles is at the center of the tower body 1. axis line.
所述湿冷段由上至下依次包括配水区4、填料区5、雨区7和集水池8；配水系统3位于配水区4顶部；填料区5设置单层或多层填料，或者留空；集水池8位于塔体1的正下方。The wet cooling section includes a water distribution area 4, a packing area 5, a rain area 7, and a sump 8 from top to bottom; the water distribution system 3 is located at the top of the water distribution area 4; the packing area 5 is provided with a single-layer or multi-layer packing, or left blank; The sump 8 is located directly below the tower body 1 .
塔体1底部设有空气入口，塔体1的内部，对应空气入口设有入口百叶窗9。The bottom of the tower body 1 is provided with an air inlet, and the inside of the tower body 1 is provided with inlet shutters 9 corresponding to the air inlet.
水侧流动系统包括循环水分配系统和预冷系统；所述循环水分配系统的循环水总进口管道17分为两路，分别为干冷段循环水进口管道19和湿冷段循环水进口管道20，干冷段循环水进口管道19连接至干冷冷却单元2的进水口，湿冷段循环水进口管道20连接至配水系统3的进水口；干冷段循环水出口管道21连接至干冷冷却单元2的出水口，湿冷段循环水出口管道23连接至集水池8的出水口，干冷段循环水出口管道21和湿冷段循环水出口管道23汇合后连通至循环水总出口管道18；干冷段循环水出口管道21上设有旁通管道22连接至配水系统3的进水口；所述预冷系统，预冷水入口管道24连接至配水系统3的进水口，预冷水出口管道25连接至集水池8的出水口。The water side flow system includes a circulating water distribution system and a pre-cooling system; the circulating water general inlet pipeline 17 of the circulating water distribution system is divided into two paths, which are respectively the circulating water inlet pipeline 19 of the dry cooling section and the circulating water inlet pipeline 20 of the wet cooling section, The dry-cooling section circulating water inlet pipeline 19 is connected to the water inlet of the dry-cooling cooling unit 2, the wet-cooling section circulating water inlet pipeline 20 is connected to the water inlet of the water distribution system 3; the dry-cooling section circulating water outlet pipeline 21 is connected to the water outlet of the dry-cooling cooling unit 2, The wet-cooling section circulating water outlet pipeline 23 is connected to the water outlet of the sump 8, and the dry-cooling section circulating water outlet pipeline 21 and the wet-cooling section circulating water outlet pipeline 23 are merged and then connected to the circulating water general outlet pipeline 18; the dry-cooling section circulating water outlet pipeline 21 A bypass pipe 22 is provided to be connected to the water inlet of the water distribution system 3; for the pre-cooling system, the pre-cooling water inlet pipe 24 is connected to the water inlet of the water distribution system 3, and the pre-cooling water outlet pipe 25 is connected to the water outlet of the sump 8.
其中，循环水总出口管道18上设有循环水泵27，干冷段循环水进口管道19上设有E阀门15，湿冷段循环水进口管道20上设有D阀门14，干冷段循环水出口管道21上设有B阀门12，湿冷段循环水出口管道23上设有A阀门11，旁通管道22上设有C阀门13，预冷水入口管道24上设有G阀门16，预冷水出口管道25上设有预冷水泵26和F阀门10。Among them, circulating water pump 27 is provided on circulating water main outlet pipeline 18, E valve 15 is provided on dry-cooling section circulating water inlet pipeline 19, D valve 14 is provided on wet-cooling section circulating water inlet pipeline 20, dry-cooling section circulating water outlet pipeline 21 There is a B valve 12 on the top, a valve A 11 on the outlet pipe 23 of the wet cooling section, a valve C 13 on the bypass pipe 22, a valve G 16 on the inlet pipe 24 of the pre-cooling water, and a valve 16 on the outlet pipe 25 of the pre-cooling water. A precooling water pump 26 and an F valve 10 are provided.
以下说明上述一种具有空气预冷及冬季防冻功能的自然通风干湿联合冷却塔的应用。The following describes the application of the above-mentioned natural ventilation dry-wet combined cooling tower with air precooling and winter antifreeze functions.
湿冷段采用空气—循环水混合换热方式，水侧流动为，循环水自上往下依次经过配水区4、填料区5和雨区7，其中，循环水经由配水系统3分配，经过配水区4喷淋至填料区5，经由填料区5流至雨区7，循环水在配水区4、填料区5及雨区7与空气进行换热，最后到达集水池8；空气侧流动为，空气从塔外由空气入口进入塔内，通过百叶窗9后，在雨区7受热上升，依次通过雨区7、填料区5和配水区4进行换热。The wet-cooling section adopts the air-circulating water mixed heat exchange method, and the water side flow is as follows: the circulating water passes through the water distribution area 4, the filling area 5 and the rain area 7 from top to bottom, in which the circulating water is distributed through the water distribution system 3 and passes through the water distribution area 4 Spray to the filling area 5, flow to the rain area 7 through the filling area 5, the circulating water exchanges heat with the air in the water distribution area 4, the filling area 5 and the rain area 7, and finally reaches the sump 8; the flow of the air side is, air Enter the tower from the air inlet from the outside of the tower, pass through the louvers 9, and rise in the rain zone 7 after being heated, and then pass through the rain zone 7, the filling zone 5 and the water distribution zone 4 in turn for heat exchange.
干冷段采用空气—循环水间壁式换热方式，干冷冷却单元2的空冷翅片管束，管内流体为循环水，管外翘片间流体为空气，在冷却塔内自然对流产生的抽吸作用下，空气自下而上流过干冷冷却单元2，将水侧热量带走。The dry-cooling section adopts the air-circulating water partition wall heat exchange method. The air-cooled finned tube bundle of the dry-cooling cooling unit 2, the fluid in the tube is circulating water, and the fluid between the fins outside the tube is air. Under the suction effect of natural convection in the cooling tower , the air flows through the dry cooling unit 2 from bottom to top to take away the heat from the water side.
干冷段与湿冷段优选采用以下的运行方式对循环水进行冷却：The dry cooling section and the wet cooling section preferably adopt the following operation mode to cool the circulating water:
1)冬季防冻运行方式冬季，当外界环境温度远低于零下时，干冷冷却单元有发生冻结的危险，可将少部分循环水直接通过湿冷段进行换热后流出塔，绝大部分循环水直接进入干冷段进行换热后流出塔。1) Winter anti-freezing operation mode In winter, when the external ambient temperature is far below zero, the dry-cooling cooling unit is in danger of freezing. A small part of the circulating water can be directly passed through the wet-cooling section for heat exchange and then flow out of the tower. Most of the circulating water can be directly After entering the dry cooling section for heat exchange, it flows out of the tower.
此时，预冷系统关闭，填料单层布置，B阀门12和E阀门15处于开启状态，D阀门14和A阀门11处于部分开启状态，G阀门16、F阀门10和C阀门13处于关闭状态，入口百叶窗9处于开启状态。从汽轮机凝汽器出来的循环水分为两路分别独立经过干冷段和湿冷段，两部分的流量比例可以由阀门的开度来调节。空气自下而上流过冷却塔，依次经湿冷段、干冷段与循环水进行换热后自塔顶流入大气中；干冷段出口的循环水与湿冷段出口的循环水混合，经循环水泵27回到汽轮机凝汽器冷却汽轮机排汽。这样，在满足了机组热负荷的条件下，又有效地避免干冷段出现循环冷却水冻结现象。At this time, the pre-cooling system is closed, the packing is arranged in a single layer, the B valve 12 and the E valve 15 are in the open state, the D valve 14 and the A valve 11 are in the partially open state, and the G valve 16, the F valve 10 and the C valve 13 are in the closed state , the entrance shutter 9 is in the open state. The circulating water from the condenser of the steam turbine is divided into two paths and passes through the dry cooling section and the wet cooling section independently, and the flow ratio of the two parts can be adjusted by the opening of the valve. The air flows through the cooling tower from bottom to top, and then passes through the wet cooling section, dry cooling section and circulating water for heat exchange, and then flows into the atmosphere from the top of the tower; the circulating water at the outlet of the dry cooling section is mixed with the circulating water at the outlet of the wet cooling section, and passes through the circulating water pump 27 times. To the steam turbine condenser to cool the exhaust steam of the steam turbine. In this way, under the condition of satisfying the heat load of the unit, the phenomenon of freezing of circulating cooling water in the dry cooling section can be effectively avoided.
2)春、秋季纯干冷运行方式：当环境气温较低时，可采用干冷段单独运行方式。此时，预冷系统关闭，填料单层布置或置空，B阀门12和E阀门15处于完全开启状态，D阀门14、A阀门11、G阀门16、F阀门10和C阀门13处于完全关闭状态，入口百叶窗9处于部分打开或全开状态。从汽轮机凝汽器出来的循环水在冷却塔内只经过干冷段的干冷冷却单元2与空气进行换热，在充分满足热负荷的条件下以达到节水的效果。2) Pure dry and cold operation mode in spring and autumn: when the ambient temperature is low, the dry and cold section can be operated alone. At this time, the pre-cooling system is closed, the filler is arranged in a single layer or empty, the B valve 12 and the E valve 15 are fully open, and the D valve 14, A valve 11, G valve 16, F valve 10 and C valve 13 are fully closed state, the entrance shutter 9 is in a partially opened or fully opened state. The circulating water from the steam turbine condenser only passes through the dry cooling unit 2 in the dry cooling section to exchange heat with the air in the cooling tower, so as to achieve the effect of water saving under the condition of fully satisfying the heat load.
3)夏季运行方式为a)～c)中任意一种：3) The summer operation mode is any one of a) ~ c):
a)夏季空气预冷运行方式：夏季外界环境温度较高，冷却塔换热条件差，纯粹的干冷运行已不满足热负荷的要求，在外界环境有富余的环境水条件下，开启预冷系统接入环境水作为预冷水，由预冷水入口管道24进入冷却塔的湿冷段，填料区5布置单层填料，充分利用预冷水的蒸发吸热降低干冷段的进口空气温度，使冷却空气具有更大的吸热潜力，以保证干冷段能充分满足热负荷的要求。此时，B阀门12、E阀门15、G阀门16和F阀门10处于开启状态，D阀门14、A阀门11和C阀门13处于关闭状态。从汽轮机凝汽器出来的循环水全部经过干冷段与上升的空气进行间壁式换热，温度下降后的循环水在循环水泵27的作用下返回凝汽器冷凝汽轮机排汽。循环水只经过干冷段，避免了循环水与空气的直接接触，降低了的循环水的处理成本。a) Air pre-cooling operation mode in summer: the external environment temperature is high in summer, and the heat transfer conditions of the cooling tower are poor. The pure dry cooling operation can no longer meet the requirements of heat load. When there is a surplus of ambient water in the external environment, the pre-cooling system is turned on. Access to ambient water as pre-cooling water, enter the wet-cooling section of the cooling tower from the pre-cooling water inlet pipe 24, and arrange a single layer of packing in the packing area 5 to make full use of the evaporation and heat absorption of the pre-cooling water to reduce the inlet air temperature of the dry-cooling section, so that the cooling air has more Large heat absorption potential to ensure that the dry cooling section can fully meet the heat load requirements. At this moment, the B valve 12 , the E valve 15 , the G valve 16 and the F valve 10 are in the open state, and the D valve 14 , the A valve 11 and the C valve 13 are in the closed state. The circulating water from the steam turbine condenser passes through the dry cooling section to exchange heat with the rising air through the partition wall, and the circulating water after the temperature drops returns to the condenser to condense and exhaust steam from the steam turbine under the action of the circulating water pump 27. The circulating water only passes through the dry cooling section, which avoids the direct contact between the circulating water and the air, and reduces the treatment cost of the circulating water.
b)夏季干湿联合串联运行方式：夏季外界环境处于高温、高湿时，冷却塔换热条件差，依靠预冷干冷运行方式也难以满足热负荷的要求，此时可依靠湿冷段强大的蒸发冷却能力，使全部循环水依次经过干冷段、湿冷段，以保证较低的出塔水温。预冷系统关闭，如图5所示，填料三层布置，E阀门15、C阀门13和A阀门11处于全开状态，F阀门10、B阀门12、D阀门14和G阀门16处于完全关闭状态，入口百叶窗9处于完全打开状态。b) Dry-wet combined series operation mode in summer: when the external environment is high temperature and high humidity in summer, the heat transfer conditions of the cooling tower are poor, and it is difficult to meet the heat load requirements by relying on the pre-cooling and dry-cooling operation mode. At this time, the strong evaporation of the wet-cooling section can be relied on Cooling capacity, so that all the circulating water passes through the dry cooling section and the wet cooling section in order to ensure a lower water temperature out of the tower. The pre-cooling system is closed, as shown in Figure 5, the packing is arranged in three layers, E valve 15, C valve 13 and A valve 11 are fully open, F valve 10, B valve 12, D valve 14 and G valve 16 are fully closed state, the entrance shutter 9 is fully open.
从汽轮机凝汽器出来的循环水先全部经过干冷段的干冷冷却单元2与空气换热，接着全部到达湿冷段与空气进行换热传质后流入集水池8，最后经循环水泵27回到汽轮机凝汽器冷却汽轮机排汽。The circulating water from the steam turbine condenser first passes through the dry-cooling unit 2 of the dry-cooling section to exchange heat with the air, then all reaches the wet-cooling section for heat and mass transfer with the air, then flows into the sump 8, and finally returns to the steam turbine condenser through the circulating water pump 27. The steam generator cools the exhaust steam of the steam turbine.
c)夏季干湿联合并联运行方式，预冷系统关闭，如图5所示，填料三层布置，B阀门12、E阀门15、D阀门14和A阀门11处于开启状态，G阀门16、F阀门10和C阀门13处于关闭状态，入口百叶窗9处于开启状态。从汽轮机凝汽器出来的循环水分为两路分别独立经过干冷段和湿冷段，两部分的流量比例可以由阀门的开度来调节。空气自下而上流过冷却塔，依次经湿冷段、干冷段与循环水进行换热后自塔顶流入大气中；干冷段出口的循环水与湿冷段出口的循环水混合，经循环水泵27回到汽轮机凝汽器冷却汽轮机排汽。c) Dry and wet combined parallel operation mode in summer, the pre-cooling system is closed, as shown in Figure 5, the packing is arranged in three layers, B valve 12, E valve 15, D valve 14 and A valve 11 are open, G valve 16, F Valve 10 and C-valve 13 are closed and inlet shutter 9 is open. The circulating water from the condenser of the steam turbine is divided into two paths and passes through the dry cooling section and the wet cooling section independently, and the flow ratio of the two parts can be adjusted by the opening of the valve. The air flows through the cooling tower from bottom to top, and then passes through the wet cooling section, dry cooling section and circulating water for heat exchange, and then flows into the atmosphere from the top of the tower; the circulating water at the outlet of the dry cooling section is mixed with the circulating water at the outlet of the wet cooling section, and passes through the circulating water pump 27 times. To the steam turbine condenser to cool the exhaust steam of the steam turbine.
4)当干冷段需要维护时，可采用湿冷段单独运行方式。此时，预冷系统关闭，如图5所示，填料三层布置，D阀门14和A阀门11处于全开状态，B阀门12、E阀门15、G阀门16、F阀门10和C阀门13处于完全关闭状态，入口百叶窗9处于打开状态。从汽轮机凝汽器出来的循环水在冷却塔内全部只经过湿冷段与空气进行换热，以满足低出塔水温的要求。4) When the dry cooling section needs maintenance, the wet cooling section can be operated separately. At this time, the pre-cooling system is closed, as shown in Figure 5, the packing is arranged in three layers, D valve 14 and A valve 11 are fully open, B valve 12, E valve 15, G valve 16, F valve 10 and C valve 13 In the fully closed state, the entrance shutter 9 is in the open state. The circulating water from the condenser of the steam turbine only passes through the wet cooling section to exchange heat with the air in the cooling tower, so as to meet the requirement of low water temperature out of the tower.
综上，本发明所述是一种采用自然通风方式的、用于降低循环冷却水温度的冷却塔，冷却塔以环境空气为冷却介质，塔内综合运用温差传热(干冷)和蒸发冷却(湿冷)两种冷却方式，结合实际气象条件，采用多种运行模式，既可以节水又可以在夏季高温时提供较低的出塔水温，也可在冬季时有效预防干冷冷却单元的冻结问题，能够应用于能源、电力、化工、钢铁、制药等领域中。In summary, the present invention is a cooling tower that adopts natural ventilation and is used to reduce the temperature of circulating cooling water. The cooling tower uses ambient air as the cooling medium, and the temperature difference heat transfer (dry cooling) and evaporative cooling ( Wet and cold) two cooling methods, combined with the actual weather conditions, adopt a variety of operating modes, which can not only save water but also provide a lower water temperature when the temperature is high in summer, and can also effectively prevent the freezing problem of the dry-cooling cooling unit in winter. It can be used in energy, electric power, chemical industry, steel, pharmaceutical and other fields.
本领域技术人员应当意识到的是，干冷段、湿冷段循环水侧还可根据实际情况进行混合流动。本领域技术人员还应当知晓的是，干冷段与湿冷段之间的距离、循环水量和外部冷却水量，以及填料的布置方式可以根据当地气象条件及现场工况等实际情况进行选取。即在本发明设计思路的基础上，不需要付出创造性劳动而作出的简单变换，均应在本发明权利要求的保护范围内。Those skilled in the art should realize that the circulating water side of the dry cooling section and the wet cooling section can also perform mixed flow according to actual conditions. Those skilled in the art should also know that the distance between the dry cooling section and the wet cooling section, the amount of circulating water and external cooling water, and the arrangement of fillers can be selected according to actual conditions such as local meteorological conditions and on-site working conditions. That is, on the basis of the design idea of the present invention, any simple transformation without creative labor shall be within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610391117.6A CN105865221B (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2016-06-03 | There is the gravity-flow ventilation dry and wet joint cooling tower of air precooling and preventing freeze in winter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610391117.6A CN105865221B (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2016-06-03 | There is the gravity-flow ventilation dry and wet joint cooling tower of air precooling and preventing freeze in winter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105865221A CN105865221A (en) | 2016-08-17 |
| CN105865221B true CN105865221B (en) | 2018-05-25 |
Family
ID=56675827
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610391117.6A Expired - Fee Related CN105865221B (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2016-06-03 | There is the gravity-flow ventilation dry and wet joint cooling tower of air precooling and preventing freeze in winter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105865221B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107846047B (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2020-03-24 | 宁波三星智能电气有限公司 | Charging pile and heat dissipation control method |
| CN106500204A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-03-15 | 重庆通用贝园制冷空调设备有限责任公司 | A kind of air conditioning system |
| CN107976089A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-05-01 | 江苏海鸥冷却塔股份有限公司 | Dry-wet separation formula fog dispersal water-saving cooling tower |
| CN111023860A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-04-17 | 东华工程科技股份有限公司 | System and method for cooling circulating water by using waste heat of factory |
| CN111721141B (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2024-05-28 | 河钢股份有限公司 | Cold-storage and antifreezing dry-wet combined air cooling integrated equipment and cooling method |
| CN112710117A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-04-27 | 中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司 | Multi-heat-source air-cooling three-dimensional water distribution system and sector arrangement method |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2230849A (en) * | 1989-03-18 | 1990-10-31 | E I Group Holdings Limited | Air-cooled heat exchanger |
| CN2594750Y (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2003-12-24 | 徐宝安 | Air and water composite cooling tower |
| CN201697489U (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2011-01-05 | 无锡市全发化工有限公司 | Cooling tower |
| CN102937312A (en) * | 2012-11-10 | 2013-02-20 | 清华大学 | Anti-freezing method for indirect evaporative water chilling unit capable of operating all year round and unit |
| CN105403068A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-03-16 | 华北电力大学 | Dry-wet unified cooling tower adopting natural ventilation and composite running mode and application of dry-wet unified cooling tower |
| CN205748031U (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-11-30 | 华北电力大学 | There is the gravity-flow ventilation dry and wet associating cooling tower of air precooling and preventing freeze in winter function |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5941107B2 (en) * | 1975-11-11 | 1984-10-04 | イシカワジマハリマジユウコウギヨウ カブシキガイシヤ | Jyohatsushikinetsukoukanki |
-
2016
- 2016-06-03 CN CN201610391117.6A patent/CN105865221B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2230849A (en) * | 1989-03-18 | 1990-10-31 | E I Group Holdings Limited | Air-cooled heat exchanger |
| CN2594750Y (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2003-12-24 | 徐宝安 | Air and water composite cooling tower |
| CN201697489U (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2011-01-05 | 无锡市全发化工有限公司 | Cooling tower |
| CN102937312A (en) * | 2012-11-10 | 2013-02-20 | 清华大学 | Anti-freezing method for indirect evaporative water chilling unit capable of operating all year round and unit |
| CN105403068A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-03-16 | 华北电力大学 | Dry-wet unified cooling tower adopting natural ventilation and composite running mode and application of dry-wet unified cooling tower |
| CN205748031U (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-11-30 | 华北电力大学 | There is the gravity-flow ventilation dry and wet associating cooling tower of air precooling and preventing freeze in winter function |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105865221A (en) | 2016-08-17 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN205748031U (en) | There is the gravity-flow ventilation dry and wet associating cooling tower of air precooling and preventing freeze in winter function | |
| CN105865221B (en) | There is the gravity-flow ventilation dry and wet joint cooling tower of air precooling and preventing freeze in winter | |
| CN105403068B (en) | Cooling tower and its application are combined using the dry and wet of gravity-flow ventilation and combined running pattern | |
| CN102997510A (en) | Evaporative type condenser, refrigeration and air conditioning unit applies the same and control method thereof | |
| CN103743258B (en) | The dry closed cooling tower of a kind of water saving | |
| CN102360746B (en) | Transformer forced oil circulation cooler | |
| WO2018000773A1 (en) | Air-cooled heat-sink open/close switchable hybrid air-cooled/cold-water cooling tower and manner of operation thereof | |
| CN101776401B (en) | Air-cooled steam condensing system with natural ventilation and direct water film evaporation | |
| CN105115315B (en) | One kind energy-conservation closed cooling tower | |
| CN107543264B (en) | Evaporative cooling chillers using plate-fin indirect evaporative coolers | |
| CN204612525U (en) | The compound closed cooling tower of operation can be done a kind of winter | |
| CN104633813B (en) | With reference to rainwater recycle, the energy-saving Evaporative Cooling Air-conditioning System of roofing water storage | |
| CN105066730B (en) | Flos Nelumbinis condenser and hertz dry cooling systems | |
| CN108088276B (en) | Water-saving cooling process and device for north industrial circulating water | |
| CN204460509U (en) | Based on the evaporative cooling system that rainwater recycle utilizes | |
| CN207472099U (en) | A kind of dry and wet combined cycle water cooling tower | |
| CN204301556U (en) | A kind of nested type double tower body double flash evaporation cooling tower | |
| WO2018000774A1 (en) | Opening and closing switchable air-cooled cool water-type machine cooling tower for air-cooled radiator and operating mode of same | |
| CN207350620U (en) | A kind of source in combination and the air-treatment unit of dew point indirect evaporative cooling technology | |
| CN107023911B (en) | Photovoltaic coil - dew point indirect and direct evaporative cooling compound chiller | |
| CN109990619A (en) | Heat exchanger external dry and wet joint closed cooling system and cooling means | |
| CN205245827U (en) | Adopt wet joint cooling tower of doing of natural draft and compound operational mode | |
| CN211400852U (en) | Large-scale fog dispersal water conservation composite closed cooling tower | |
| CN103574996B (en) | Enclosed standpipe indirect evaporating-cooling high temperature cold water unit | |
| CN105605705B (en) | The Arid Area cooling independent temperature-humidity control Fresh air handling units of evaporation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20180525 Termination date: 20210603 |