CN108642900A - 迷彩帐篷布的制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

迷彩帐篷布的制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN108642900A
CN108642900A CN201810571761.0A CN201810571761A CN108642900A CN 108642900 A CN108642900 A CN 108642900A CN 201810571761 A CN201810571761 A CN 201810571761A CN 108642900 A CN108642900 A CN 108642900A
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fabric
camouflage
water repellent
cover cloth
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郑佳
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种迷彩帐篷布及其制备方法，包括一种多功能新型涤纶迷彩帐篷布和一种具有纳米拒水、拒油、防污功能的迷彩帐篷布，及其各自的制备方法与应用。多功能新型涤纶迷彩帐篷布具有近红外屏蔽以及高晒色牢度的功能；涂层采用PA涂层胶打底、PVC涂白、后PU涂银工艺来使织物具有耐静水压的功能；具有纳米拒水、拒油、防污功能的迷彩帐篷布是采用适宜的纳米材料粒子拒水拒油防污整理液，对其纤维表面进行浸轧处理和定型处理，使面料的纤维表面生成稳定耐久的具有超强拒水，拒油，防污功能特性的纳米层级聚合物，使处理过后的面料具有“荷叶”效果，既保持原面料的透气性等特色，又具有超常的拒水拒油防污的功能特性。

Description

迷彩帐篷布的制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明涉及迷彩帐篷布的制备工艺领域，特别是一种集近红外绿色屏蔽功能、高日晒色牢度功能、高耐静水压功能及具有较高泼水度于一体的涤纶迷彩帐篷布，和一种具有纳米拒水、拒油、防污功能的迷彩帐篷布的制备方法及其应用领域。
背景技术
迷彩伪装技术是现代军事战争中不可缺少的有效防备手段，尤其是近红外绿色伪装。目前，用于军事目标迷彩伪装的着色材料主要是涂料，但是涂料染色一般用于固定目标的伪装，但它存在手感、摩擦牢度不佳的问题。伪装帐篷和伪装服作为战斗人员的服装，不仅需要具有一定的伪装功能，而且还应具备服用舒适性。因此，迷彩伪装一般最好使用分散染料染色的方法进行伪装加工。
与其它种类的纺织品相比，军用迷彩面料需要具备更加优异耐光照性能，这是由其特殊环境所造成的。迷彩织物在露天停放的过程中，太阳光直接照射到织物上。由于湿度也可以在0～100％之间变化，光(尤其是紫外光)、热、湿的综合作用，会破坏织物上的染料，导致织物褪色，同时也会破坏织物本身，导致强力的下降，从而影响到织物的实用性能。
涂层整理是近几年发展最为迅猛的纺织整理之一，它同时也在军用迷彩帐篷布等方面得到了广泛的应用，所谓涂层整理就是织物表面均匀的涂一层或多层高聚物之类的物质，使织物具有高水压等功能，甚至还可以改变织物的外观和风格、提高产品的附加值。
随着科技的进步和军事装备技术的不断提高，人们对穿戴的服装，室内室外的装饰用的窗帘布等面料，以及外出旅行的箱包，伞、帐篷等具有特殊功能的产品的功能要求越来越高，具有一定功能的涂层织物已经满足不了人们以及军用的要求。因此，开发具有多功能的户外用品已提上日程。但是长期以来，因涂料染色带来的耐摩擦色牢度差耐光色牢度差等问题，故一直没有引进到户外涂层纺织品中，尤其是军用户外纺织品中。
同时，因军用户外纺织品使用环境较为特殊，相比家用产品的使用环境，更易沾染污物，影响下次使用。
发明内容
本发明的第一个发明目的是提供一种具有纳米拒水、拒油、防污功能的迷彩帐篷布的制备方法，该迷彩帐篷布具有优良的防水、防油、防污功能，易于打理。
为实现上述发明目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：一种具有纳米拒水、拒油、防污功能的迷彩帐篷布及其制备方法，其包括基布的常规前处理、染色、印花、水洗和功能性整理，所述功能性整理包括整理液的制备和整理工艺；
所述整理液由如下原料按如下比例配制而成，30～60重量份的含氟三防整理液，30～60重量份的纳米分散液，5～15重量份的交联剂Phobol XAN，0.5～2.5重量份的渗透剂PBN，0.5～2.5重量份的柠檬酸；
所述整理工艺：将织物浸轧在上述整理液中，然后在带轧槽的定型机上浸轧印花后的织物，烘干后制得具有纳米拒水、拒油、防污功能的迷彩帐篷布；
其中所述纳米分散液的制备方法如下：将2.5g Al2O3溶于25ml去离子水中，分别滴入0.5ml的PMAA-NH4，然后滴入氨水调节pH为8.5，后进行超声波处理，获得所述纳米分散液。
优选的，所述整理工艺中浸轧印花时的轧液率在50％～70％。
优选的，所述整理工艺中浸轧印花时的轧液率为60％。
优选的，所述整理工艺中的烘干条件为先在110℃～140℃经过30S的烘干，再在150℃～170℃下焙烘150S。
优选的，所述整理工艺中的烘干条件为先在125℃经过30S的烘干，再在170℃下焙烘150S。
本发明的第二个发明目的是要克服上述现有技术中存在的近红外绿色屏蔽功能的涂料染色色牢度差、太阳光照导致的耐光色牢度差和织物强力的下降，以及具有高耐静水压性能的涂层技术，提供一种具有上述功能的织物的制备工艺，以使织物面料不仅具有近红外绿色屏蔽功能、耐光色牢度功能、高耐静水压功能，而且还具有较高泼水度的效果。
本发明是以用于军用迷彩帐篷布涂层织物的具有近红外绿色屏蔽功能、高耐光色牢度功能以及高耐静水压功能的涂层织物为例来说明其制备工艺，若是制备其它功能的此类涂层织物，则只需要根据对织物功能的要求选择相对于的助剂即可。
本发明多功能新型涤纶迷彩帐篷布的制备技术，它包括基布的常规前处理、染色、印花、涂层和后整理步骤。具体如下：
(1)染色：使用具有近红外屏蔽功能的分散染料与紫外线吸收剂同浴对织物进行染色；
(2)印花：选用具有近红外屏蔽功能的分散染料进行印花；
(3)涂层：采用PA涂层胶打底、PVC涂白、后PU涂银工艺来使织物具有耐静水压的功能；
(4)后处理：送至带轧槽的定型机做浸轧织物的拒水整理，后经过烘干、焙烘，即可制得多功能新型涤纶迷彩帐篷布。
1)其染色工艺为：采用高温高压法染色，先在室温下投入分散染料、紫外线吸收剂、分散剂、高温匀染剂、渗透剂等，10～15min下升温至50～65℃，后在40～50min的时间下升温至125～135℃，保温60～80min后降温并还原清洗。其特征在于它还包含染液的配方：各种分散染料用量0.5～2.5％(owf)，紫外吸收剂0.5～2.5％(owf)，分散剂0.5～2g/L，渗透剂0.5～2g/L，浴比1：30～50，醋酸调节pH 4.5～5.0。
2)其印花工艺为：印花浆配方：分散染料0.5～2.5重量份、合成增稠剂60～90重量份、粘合剂4～15重量份。在印花机上根据设计好的花型印花，印花后进入烘干机烘干，后长环蒸化，水洗机水洗。
3)其涂层工艺为：先用PA胶进行打底，其PA涂层胶用量80～100重量份、交联剂1～2重量份、溶剂4～8重量份。先将溶剂加入到交联剂中调匀，然后加入涂层胶中搅拌，边搅拌边加入甲苯调节至粘度至8000～10000mPa.S，搅匀后静置30min。工艺条件：选用锐角刮刀，调整刮刀角度为115～125度，调节磁性辊的磁力为90～100％，控制烘箱前区温度为70～80℃，后区温度110～120℃，烘燥时间30～35s；
后进行PVC涂白，其乳液法PVC树脂100重量份、DOP 50重量份、DBP 50重量份、白涂料适量、硬脂酸盐0.5～4重量份。先在硬脂酸盐和白涂料中加入少量增塑剂，搅匀，然后与PVC树脂一起倒入搅拌机中，再加入余下的增塑剂，搅匀后用三辊研磨机研磨1～2次，最后将磨好的配料再搅拌5～10min，静置30min或抽真空进行脱泡处理。工艺条件：选用锐角刮刀，调整刮刀角度115～125度，调节磁性辊磁力90～100％，控制烘箱温度170～190℃，塑化时间2～3min，涂层后的织物经冷水辊冷却后打卷。
最后进行PU银面涂层，其工艺为：单组分聚氨酯50重量份、铝银浆10重量份、甲乙酮25～30重量份、DMF5～10重量份，将部分溶剂加入到铝银浆中，搅匀后再加入单组分聚氨酯，边搅拌边加入余下的溶剂，调整粘度5000～6000mPa.S，静置30min或抽真空脱泡。工艺条件：选用锐角刮刀，调整刮刀角度110度，调节磁性辊磁力75～85％，控制前区烘箱温度125～135℃，后区温度145～155℃，烘干时间30～40s。
4)后处理工艺为：先制备拒水整理液，即取浓度为10～60g/L的拒水剂，并以冰醋酸调节，使其pH达到4～6即可制成拒水整理液，然后用带轧槽的定型机上浸轧涂层后的织物，轧液率为50～60％，最后在110～130℃下经过30～120s烘干，再在150～170℃下焙烘30～160℃即可制得具有多功能新型涤纶迷彩帐篷布。
作为本发明中的优选技术方案，其中要含有所述分散染料含有分散蓝E-4R。由于本发明用于近红外绿色为屏蔽，在军事或日常使用中，常见使用环境为阔叶林和针叶林，本发明旨在通过模拟与阔叶林或针叶林的红外光谱结构。上述选择的分散蓝E-4R在0.4-1.4μm波段的波形结构很接近，可以实现有效的近红外绿色屏蔽。根据颜色需求，还可以配合一些其他颜色的染料，如分散黑S-2BL和/或分散DIANIX NAVY S-2G，但不宜超过0.5wtowf，，如果过多会影响红外光谱，与使用环境差异较大，无法得到近红外绿色屏蔽的效果。
在涂层处理过程中，本发明采用PA作为涂层打底，防止PVC涂层浆液的渗漏，影响布面的外观，而PU涂银可以提高布面的光亮效果，提高布料的效果。
本发明使用拒水整理剂提高帐篷布(如牛津布)的拒水效果，提高其服用效果，增加附加值，扩大使用范围。本发明优选使用的拒水整理剂为TG-410HN，其效果优于现有技术中的其他种类，因为上述的拒水整理剂与涂层配合好，就是有可以达到100左右，即使20次洗涤也可评分在90左右。其用量优选为20g/L，该用量加入不会对织物静水压无明显变化，如果加入达到40g/L或60g/L在多次洗涤后出现了明显的下降，而20g/L用量却无明显的变化。
本发明的第三个发明目的是提供一种上述迷彩帐篷布的应用，本实现该发明目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
其中多功能新型涤纶迷彩帐篷布是严格按照上述的焙烘、拒水整理要求进行操作，将保证织物的耐洗色牢度和耐静水压性能，从而确保多功能新型涤纶迷彩帐篷布的产品质量。通过本实施例制得的具有近红外屏蔽功能、高日晒色牢度功能、高耐静水压功能帐篷织物质地坚牢、耐磨、紧密厚实，还具有良好的拒水功能，最终被用来做行军帐篷、防雨水篷布、汽车篷布、火车篷布等，广泛用于电力、油田、铁路、钢筋、港口、造纸等行业。
其中具有纳米拒水、拒油、防污功能的迷彩帐篷布，具有优良的防水、防油、防污功能，易于打理，被用来做行军帐篷、防雨水篷布、汽车篷布、火车篷布等可以减少面料表面的污染物，使得这些户外产品保持干燥、清洁，便于反复使用。
本发明的有益的技术效果：
1)本发明中的多功能新型涤纶迷彩帐篷布是在克服通常涂料染色耐光色牢度差、近红外绿色屏蔽效果差的问题之后，本发明制备工艺能够生产出具有近红外绿色屏蔽功能、高耐光色牢度功能、高静水压功能的涂层织物，通过对颜料种类的选择、拒水整理剂的种类以及用量和涂层结构设计，并选择了每个步骤的具体工艺参数，使织物不仅保留了现有涂层织物面料所带的设定功能，而且还填补了现有涂层织物耐光色牢度差等功能空白，从而通过帐篷乃至其它各种织物的档次，满足军用以及人们生活水平逐渐提高的要求；
2)本发明中的多功能新型涤纶迷彩帐篷布的制备工艺科学合理，故不仅保留现有涂层织物的设定功能，确保织物色牢度的稳定可靠，而且所用的染料、助剂都可以从市场上面买到，且价格不贵，故有利于次织物的推广应用。
3)本发明中具有纳米拒水、拒油、防污功能的迷彩帐篷布具有优良的防水、防油、防污功能，易于打理，而且可以减少织物的洗涤次数，节约资源。
4)本发明中具有纳米拒水、拒油、防污功能的迷彩帐篷布的服用性能更加优越，防水、防油、防污持久性更强，且不影响织物的手感，适用于各种织物。
5)本发明中具有纳米拒水、拒油、防污功能的迷彩帐篷布的整理工艺中不含有PFOA、PFOS和APEO等有害物质，具有更好的实用安全性和环境有好性能。
6)本发明中具有纳米拒水、拒油、防污功能的迷彩帐篷布的制备工艺科学合理，故不仅可以保留织物颜色和印花的色光鲜艳度，而且所用的助剂、原材料易于采购，且价格合理，有利于推广应用。
具体实施方式
为了使技术人员更加直观的了解本发明的技术方案，下面选择几个典型实施例进行介绍，这些实施例不构成对本发明保护范围的限制，今后任何不背离本发明基本构思的实施方案都在本发明保护范围内。
实施例1：
本实施例多功能新型涤纶帐篷迷彩帐篷布的制备技术，包括以下步骤：
1.基布：选用适合制作帐篷的600*600D的涤纶牛津布，先进行前处理退浆，后染色、印花、涂层、定型。
2.染色工艺为：采用高温高压法染色，先在室温下投入分散蓝E-4R 2％(owf)、分散黑S-2BL 0.2％(owf)和分散Dianix Navy S-2G 0.05％(owf)、苯并三唑类紫外线吸收剂
1％(owf)、分散剂NNO 5g/L、高温匀染剂5g/L、渗透剂JFC 1g/L，10min下升温至65℃，
后在40min的时间下升温至135℃，保温60min后降温并还原清洗，其染液为浴比1：30～50，醋酸调节pH 4.5～5.0。
3.印花浆配方：分散蓝E-4R 2g、分散黑S-2BL 0.2g、分散Dianix Navy S-2G0.05g、合成增稠剂FS-69 90g、粘合剂10g。在印花机上根据设计好的花型印花，印花后进入烘干机烘干，后长环蒸化，水洗机水洗。
4.涂层工艺为：先用PA胶进行打底，其PA涂层胶用量80g、交联剂多异氰酸酯2g、溶剂5g,先将溶剂加入到交联剂中调匀，然后加入涂层胶中搅拌，边搅拌边加入甲苯调节至粘度至9000mPa.S，搅匀后静置30min。工艺条件：选用锐角刮刀，调整刮刀角度为120度，调节磁性辊的磁力为95％，控制烘箱前区温度为75℃，后区温度115℃，烘燥时间30s；
后进行PVC涂白，其乳液法PVC树脂100g、DOP50g、DBP50g、白涂料适量、硬脂酸盐0.5g。
先在硬脂酸盐和白涂料中加入少量增塑剂，搅匀，然后与PVC树脂一起倒入搅拌机中，再加入余下的增塑剂，搅匀后用三辊研磨机研磨2次，最后将磨好的配料再搅拌10min，静置30min或抽真空进行脱泡处理。工艺条件：选用锐角刮刀，调整刮刀角度120度，调节磁性辊磁力95％，控制烘箱温度180℃，塑化时间0.5min，涂层后的织物经冷水辊冷却后打卷。
最后进行PU银面涂层，其工艺为：单组分聚氨酯50g、铝银浆10g、甲乙酮25g、DMF10g，将部分溶剂加入到铝银浆中，搅匀后再加入单组分聚氨酯，边搅拌边加入余下的溶剂，调整粘度6000mPa.S，静置30min或抽真空脱泡。工艺条件：选用锐角刮刀，调整刮刀角度110度，调节磁性辊磁力80％，控制前区烘箱温度135℃，后区温度150℃，烘干时间35s。
5.后处理工艺为：先制备拒水整理液TG-410HN，即取浓度为20g/L的拒水剂，并以冰醋酸调节，使其pH达到5即可制成拒水整理液，然后用带轧槽的定型机上浸轧涂层后的织物，轧液率为55％，最后在130℃下经过30s烘干，再在165℃下焙烘30s即可制得具有多功能新型涤纶迷彩帐篷布。
实施例2：
本实施例多功能新型涤纶帐篷迷彩帐篷布的制备技术，包括以下步骤：
1.基布：选用适合制作帐篷的织物600*600D的涤纶牛津布，先进行前处理退浆，后染色、印花、涂层、定型。
2.其染色工艺为：采用高温高压法染色，先在室温下投入分散蓝E-4R 1％(owf)、分散黑S-2BL 0.2％(owf)和分散Dianix Navy S-2G 0.05％(owf)、苯并三唑类紫外线吸收剂1.5％(owf)、分散剂NNO5g/L、高温匀染剂5g/L、渗透剂JFC1g/L，10min下升温至65℃，后在40min的时间下升温至135℃，保温60min后降温并还原清洗，其染液为浴比1：30～50，醋酸调节pH 4.5～5.0。
3.印花浆配方：分散蓝E-4R 1g、分散黑S-2BL 0.2g、分散Dianix Navy S-2G0.05g、合成增稠剂FS-69 90g、粘合剂10g。在印花机上根据设计好的花型印花，印花后进入烘干机烘干，后长环蒸化，水洗机水洗。
4.涂层工艺为：先用PA胶进行打底，其PA涂层胶用量80g、交联剂多异氰酸酯2g、溶剂5g先将溶剂加入到交联剂中调匀，然后加入涂层胶中搅拌，边搅拌边加入甲苯调节至粘度至9000mPa.S，搅匀后静置30min。工艺条件：选用锐角刮刀，调整刮刀角度为120度，调节磁性辊的磁力为95％，控制烘箱前区温度为75℃，后区温度115℃，烘燥时间30s；后进行PVC涂白，其乳液法PVC树脂100g、DOP50g、DBP50g、白涂料适量、硬脂酸盐0.5g。先在硬脂酸盐和白涂料中加入少量增塑剂，搅匀，然后与PVC树脂一起倒入搅拌机中，再加入余下的增塑剂，搅匀后用三辊研磨机研磨2次，最后将磨好的配料再搅拌10min，静置30min或抽真空进行脱泡处理。工艺条件：选用锐角刮刀，调整刮刀角度120度，调节磁性辊磁力95％，控制烘箱温度180℃，塑化时间0.5min，涂层后的织物经冷水辊冷却后打卷。最后进行PU银面涂层，其工艺为：单组分聚氨酯50g、铝银浆10g、甲乙酮25g、DMF10g，将部分溶剂加入到铝银浆中，搅匀后再加入单组分聚氨酯，边搅拌边加入余下的溶剂，调整粘度6000mPa.S，静置30min或抽真空脱泡。工艺条件：选用锐角刮刀，调整刮刀角度110度，调节磁性辊磁力80％，控制前区烘箱温度135℃，后区温度150℃，烘干时间35s。
5.后处理工艺为：先制备拒水整理液TG-410HN，即取浓度为20g/L的拒水剂，并以冰醋酸调节，使其pH达到5即可制成拒水整理液，然后用带轧槽的定型机上浸轧涂层后的织物，轧液率为55％，最后在130℃下经过30s烘干，再在165℃下焙烘30s，即可制得具有多功能新型涤纶迷彩帐篷布。
对比例1
采用分散染料湖蓝ETD300％替换实施例1中的分散蓝E-4R，其他参数均于实施例1相同。
对比例2
实施例1中的分散黑S-2BL的用量修改为1％(owf)，其他参数均于实施例1相同。
对比例3
实施例1中的分散蓝E-4R不使用，其他参数均于实施例1相同。
对比例4
将PVC涂层替换为PA层(即，有两层PA层)，其他参数均于实施例1相同。
对比例5
拒水整理剂TG-410HN替换为拒水整理剂PM3622，其他参数均于实施例1相同。
对比例6
拒水整理剂TG-410HN浓度设定为40g/L，其他参数均于实施例1相同。
经实验测得的实施例和对比例的多功能新型涤纶迷彩帐篷布的性能指标如下：
备注：各数据均为多次测定求平均值，取整。
耐水洗色牢度按照GB/T3921.3-1997标准测试；
耐光色牢度按照GB/T8427色牢度测试标准；
耐静水压测试按照GB/T4744-1997静水压标准测试；
沾水等级按照GB/T4745-1997标准测试：
近红外绿色屏蔽性测试选择针叶林树叶(低折射率)和阔叶林树叶(高折射率)为标准红外曲线,反射、透过光谱的测定：用日立U-4100型紫外可见光近红外分光光度计测定树叶和织物的反射光谱。波长扫描范围0.4-1.4μm，可见光波段扫描速度1.2μm/min，近红外波段扫描速度0.75μm/min。
评价标准：
1级曲线趋势完全不同，不相关，无屏蔽效果；
2级曲线趋势略有相同，略有屏蔽效果；
3级曲线趋势稍有相同，稍有屏蔽效果；
4级曲线趋势基本相同，屏蔽效果一般；
5级曲线趋势相同，屏蔽效果优异。
实施例7
基布，选用适合制作帐篷的600*600D的涤纶牛津布，先进行前处理退浆，后进行常规染色、印花、水洗后，进行功能性整理、定型。
因本实施例中的具有纳米拒水、拒油、防污功能的迷彩帐篷布的染色、印花和水洗工艺均为常规工艺，本实施例中不再对其进行详述，可以参考实施例1和实施例2，或者公知常识中的内容。
上述功能性整理包括整理液的制备和整理工艺；
其中整理液是由如下原料按如下比例配制而成，30重量份的含氟三防整理液，30重量份的纳米分散液，5重量份的交联剂Phobol XAN，0.5重量份的渗透剂PBN，0.5重量份的柠檬酸。
其中整理工艺为：将织物浸轧在上述整理液中，然后在带轧槽的定型机上浸轧印花后的织物，轧液率60％，最后在125℃经过30S的烘干，再在170℃下焙烘150S即可制得具有纳米拒水、拒油、防污功能的迷彩帐篷布。
其中纳米陶瓷分散液的制备方法为：将2.5g Al2O3溶于25ml去离子水中，分别滴入0.5ml的PMAA-NH4，然后滴入氨水调节pH为8.5，后进行超声波处理。静置一周后观察纳米陶瓷粉体未发生沉降现象，分散稳定性好，此工艺可以获得均匀稳定的纳米陶瓷分散液。
严格按照上述的制备及浸轧焙烘工艺要求进行操作，将保证本实施例中的织物的三防性能及织物的其它各种性能，从而确保织物的产品质量。
本实施例中所用的纳米陶瓷粉体，它的颗粒具有以下特点：其具有极小的粒径、大的比表面积和高的化学性能，能够使材料的组成致密化，均匀化，提高其使用可靠性。另外，纳米陶瓷粉本身具有一定的导电性能，可以降低纤维表面的电荷，从而降低了污物通过电荷间的静电吸附到纤维上的机会，增强了防污效果。纳米改性技术是采用适宜的纳米材料粒子拒水拒油防污特种功能母液，对其纤维表面进行浸轧处理和定型处理，使面料的纤维表面生成稳定耐久的具有超强拒水，拒油，防污功能特性的纳米层级聚合物，使处理过后的面料具有“荷叶”效果，既保持原面料的透气性等特色，又具有超常的拒水拒油防污的功能特性。
通过本实验例制作的具有纳米三防功能的迷彩帐篷布不仅具有耐水洗性能良好的三防功能，且织物处理后的强力损伤不大、抗起毛起球性能好、各项色牢度指标好、且透气透湿性能好。
实施例8
整理液是由如下原料按如下比例配制而成，30重量份的含氟三防整理液，45重量份的纳米分散液，10重量份的交联剂Phobol XAN，1.5重量份的渗透剂PBN，1.5重量份的柠檬酸。其余与实施例7相同。
实施例9
整理液是由如下原料按如下比例配制而成，30重量份的含氟三防整理液，60重量份的纳米分散液，15重量份的交联剂Phobol XAN，2.5重量份的渗透剂PBN，2.5重量份的柠檬酸。其余与实施例7相同。
对比例10
将2.5g Al2O3溶于40ml去离子水中，分别滴入0.5ml的PMAA-NH4，然后滴入氨水调节pH为8.5，然后进行超声波处理。其余与实施例7一致。
对比例11
将2.5g Al2O3溶于10ml去离子水中，分别滴入0.5ml的PMAA-NH4，然后滴入氨水调节pH为8.5，然后进行超声波处理。其余与实施例7一致。
对比例12
将2.5g Al2O3溶于25ml去离子水中，分别滴入0.5ml的PMAA-NH4，然后滴入氨水调节pH为10，然后进行超声波处理。其余与实施例7一致。
经实验测得的实施例7-实施例9和对比例10-对比例12中的具有纳米拒水、拒油、防污功能的迷彩帐篷布的性能指标如下：
实施例7 实施例8 实施例9 对比例10 对比例11 对比例12
防水等级(分) 90 85 80 70 90 90
防油等级(级) 5 5 5 4.5 5 5
防污等级 5 5 4.5 4.5 5 5
干摩和湿摩色牢度 4～5 4～5 4～5 4～5 4～5 4～5
耐水洗色牢度 4～5 4～5 4～5 4 4～5 4～5
透气性(L.m-2.s) 4.77 4.89 4.91 5.05 4.51 4.48
备注：各数据均为多次测定求平均值，取整。
1)拒水性：拒水性和抗透湿性按照AATCC-22标准测定，均在Y813防水性能仪上测试，测3次取平均值。
2)拒油性：按AATCC-118标准测定，测3次取平均值。
3)防污性：按AATCC130规定方法测试。
4)耐洗试验：在美标缩水率洗衣机上进行。洗涤条件：洗衣粉2g/L，纯碱2g/L，浴比1:30，温度40℃，时间15min/次，每次洗涤后待试样干燥平衡后再测定有关指标。其中耐水洗色牢度按照GB/T3921.3-1997标准测试、耐摩擦色牢度按照GB/T 3920-2008标准测试。
5)透气性能测试按照BS 7209测试方法。

Claims (7)

1.一种具有纳米拒水、拒油、防污功能的迷彩帐篷布的制备方法，其包括基布的常规前处理、染色、印花、水洗和功能性整理，其特征在于：所述功能性整理包括整理液的制备和整理工艺；
所述整理液由如下原料按如下比例配制而成，30～60重量份的含氟三防整理液，30～60重量份的纳米分散液，5～15重量份的交联剂Phobol XAN，0.5～2.5重量份的渗透剂PBN，0.5～2.5重量份的柠檬酸；
所述整理工艺：将织物浸轧在上述整理液中，然后在带轧槽的定型机上浸轧印花后的织物，烘干后制得具有纳米拒水、拒油、防污功能的迷彩帐篷布；
其中所述纳米分散液的制备方法如下：将2.5g Al2O3溶于25ml去离子水中，分别滴入0.5ml的PMAA-NH4，然后滴入氨水调节pH为8.5，后进行超声波处理，获得所述纳米分散液。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有纳米拒水、拒油、防污功能的迷彩帐篷布的制备方法，其特征在于：所述整理工艺中浸轧印花时的轧液率在50％～70％。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种具有纳米拒水、拒油、防污功能的迷彩帐篷布的制备方法，其特征在于：所述整理工艺中浸轧印花时的轧液率为60％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有纳米拒水、拒油、防污功能的迷彩帐篷布的制备方法，其特征在于：所述整理工艺中的烘干条件为先在110℃～140℃经过30S的烘干，再在150℃～170℃下焙烘150S。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种具有纳米拒水、拒油、防污功能的迷彩帐篷布的制备方法，其特征在于：所述整理工艺中的烘干条件为先在125℃经过30S的烘干，再在170℃下焙烘150S。
6.一种多功能新型涤纶迷彩帐篷布的制备方法，其包括基布的常规前处理、染色、印花、涂层和后整理，其特征在于：
(1)染色：使用具有近红外屏蔽功能的分散染料与紫外线吸收剂同浴对织物进行染色；
(2)印花：选用具有近红外屏蔽功能的分散染料进行印花；
(3)涂层：采用PA涂层胶打底、PVC涂白、后PU涂银工艺来使织物具有耐静水压的功能；
(4)后处理：送至带轧槽的定型机做浸轧织物的拒水整理，后经过烘干、焙烘，即可制得多功能新型涤纶迷彩帐篷布。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的迷彩帐篷布的制作方法制作的行军帐篷、防雨水篷布、汽车篷布、火车篷布中的应用。
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