CN108641794A - 一种盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂与制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
一种盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂与制备方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108641794A CN108641794A CN201810645990.2A CN201810645990A CN108641794A CN 108641794 A CN108641794 A CN 108641794A CN 201810645990 A CN201810645990 A CN 201810645990A CN 108641794 A CN108641794 A CN 108641794A
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- shield machine
- main shaft
- shaft seals
- grease
- special main
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/048—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂,其配方组分及其重量百分比包括:基础油8~16%、增稠剂2~5%、阻燃剂10~20%、增粘剂15~25%、润滑剂12~20%、增强剂4~8%、填充剂20~30%、抗磨剂0.5~3%、防锈剂1~3%和抗氧剂0.5~1%。本发明还提供了上述盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂的制备方法。本发明盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂在实验室25℃下,能耐3.5MPa的水压,抗水压密封性好;在‑5~40℃、1MPa的压力下,其泵送性为30~60g/min,泵送性优异,受环境温度影响不大,避免了冬季泵送性差、堵管等施工难题。另外,该产品具有优良的阻燃性、耐磨性和抗乳化性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种主轴承密封油脂,具体地说,涉及一种盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂与制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
近十几年,国内城市轨道交通迅猛发展。据不完全统计,截止2017年年底,全国已有58个城市获批城市轨道交通项目,总规划里程达7300km,投资总额达3.5万亿元。据测算,未来5年,盾构机主轴承密封油脂的市场容量达20亿元。
盾构机主轴承密封油脂是专用于盾构机刀盘主轴承密封圈上的密封油脂,用于阻止盾构机掘进过程中切削下来的渣土,注入掌子面的泡沫、聚合物、泥浆、膨润土和水以及地下水等进入盾构机主轴承内部,以免盾构机旋转部件损坏而影响盾构机的正常运行。
20世纪80年代,盾构机主轴承密封油脂在国外研发成功。目前法国康达特(CONDAT)、道达尔和日本松村石油掌握着盾构机主轴承密封脂的最先进配方和工艺技术。目前进口产品占据国内盾构施工的约3/5市场,但是价格很高,供货周期长。近年来国内市场上也有几家国产产品,由于国内产品研发起步晚,为了满足市场的大量需求,在引进国外技术后,来不及系统地消化吸收就大量生产并推向市场,没有实现再创新后的国产化,其综合性能与进口产品相比仍有很大差距。就该产品而言,国内公开发表的文献资料较少,研究人员较少。就市场而言,国产产品占据国内盾构市场的约2/5市场。但在性能上仍有需要改进的地方,例如:1)通过原材料和生产工艺的改进,提高主轴承密封油脂的均匀性,避免使用过程中堵管的问题;2)通过选用耐低温基础油和受温度影响较小的增粘剂和增稠剂,实现产品的稠度、粘度和泵送性能受环境温度影响小,提高其综合性能,避免使用过程中主轴承密封失效而影响盾构机的正常运行。
尤其近几年,随着国内过江过河等高水压大直径盾构项目不断增多,“黏度、稠度、流动性”有机统一的盾构机主轴承密封油脂的研制势在必行。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂,用于各种地层的盾构施工,并且降低产品的价格。本产品将逐步打破进口产品在高水压盾构施工中的垄断,为高水压盾构施工项目提供优质服务、降低材料成本,其意义重大。
本发明的盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂,其配方组分及其重量百分比包括:基础油8~16%、增稠剂2~5%、阻燃剂10~20%、增粘剂15~25%、润滑剂12~20%、增强剂4~8%、填充剂20~30%、抗磨剂0.5~3%、防锈剂1~3%和抗氧剂0.5~1%。
优选地,其配方组分及其重量百分比包括:基础油10~14%、增稠剂2~5%、阻燃剂10~20%、增粘剂15~25%、润滑剂14~18%、增强剂4~8%、填充剂20~30%、抗磨剂0.5~3%、防锈剂1~3%和抗氧剂0.5~1%。
在一优选实施方式中,所述的基础油为以下任一种或多种:石蜡基或环烷基矿物油、植物油、全氟醚油、石蜡油。
在一优选实施方式中,所述的增稠剂为以下任一种或多种:钠基膨润土、钙基膨润土、硅藻土、有机土。
在一优选实施方式中,所述的阻燃剂为以下任一种或多种:氢氧化镁、含磷阻燃剂、氢氧化铝、含氮阻燃剂、氯化石蜡;所述的含磷阻燃剂选自卤代烃磷酸酯、芳族磷酸酯、杂芳族磷酸酯,非限制性地包括磷酸三(2,3-二溴丙基)酯、四苯基双酚A二磷酸酯、间苯二酚双(二苯基磷酸酯)、间苯二酚(二(2,6-二甲苯基)磷酸酯)、对苯二酚(二苯基磷酸酯)、对苯二酚双(二(2,6-二甲苯基)磷酸酯)、四-二苯基哌嗪二磷酰胺,所述的含氮阻燃剂选自三嗪类、胍类、氰尿酸酯类、异氰酸酯类,非限制性地包括三聚氰胺、2-脲基三聚氰胺、蜜白胺、蜜勒胺、氰尿酰胺、三聚氰酸一酰胺、三聚氰酸二酰胺、2-脲基蜜胺、苯并胍胺、乙酰胍胺、蜜胺氰尿酸盐、蜜胺焦磷酸盐、蜜胺多磷酸盐、氨基胍中的一种或几种,以及前述含氮阻燃剂与氰尿酸、异氰尿酸、碳酸、硼酸、硝酸或磷酸的盐(例如,三聚氰胺磷酸盐、三聚氰胺焦磷酸盐、三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐、三聚氰胺新戊二醇硼酸盐);
在一优选实施方式中,所述的增强剂为以下任一种或多种:木质纤维素纤维、棉花提取的纤维、石棉纤维、海泡石纤维。
在一优选实施方式中,所述的填充剂为以下任一种或多种:轻质碳酸钙、重质碳酸钙、膨润土、滑石粉、硫酸钡、高岭土。
在一优选实施方式中,所述的增粘剂为以下任一种或多种:古马隆-茚树脂、聚异丁烯、乙丙共聚物、聚丙烯醇、聚丙烯酰胺、星形烯烃共聚物、聚甲基丙烯酸酯。
在一优选实施方式中,所述的润滑剂为以下任一种或多种:氮化硼、二硫化钼、石墨、锂基脂、极压锂基脂、钙基脂、钠基脂、钛基脂、羊毛脂。
在一优选实施方式中,所述的抗磨剂为以下任一种或多种:二硫化钼、石墨。
在一优选实施方式中,所述的防锈剂为以下任一种或多种:石油磺酸钙、石油磺酸钡、环烷酸锌、羊毛脂。
在一优选实施方式中,所述的抗氧剂为以下任一种或多种:胺类抗氧剂、烷基酚类抗氧剂。所述的胺类抗氧剂包括胺类抗氧剂405、苯基萘胺、C1-C4烷基化二苯胺和二烷基对苯二胺中的一种或几种,所述的烷基酚类抗氧剂包括抗氧剂1010、双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)硫醚、2,6-二叔丁基酚、2,6-二叔丁基对甲苯酚中的一种或几种。
一种制备所述的盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
首先,设定搅拌桶加热温度后,将基础油、增粘剂、阻燃剂加入搅拌桶中,搅拌均匀;
然后,将搅拌桶中的混合溶液泵入捏合机中,设定捏合机的加热温度后,继续加入增稠剂、填充剂、增强剂、润滑剂;
最后,加入抗氧剂、防锈剂和抗磨剂,继续搅拌捏合后,出料即可得盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂。
在一优选实施方式中,所述的搅拌桶的加热温度为70~90℃。
在一优选实施方式中,所述的捏合机温度为50~100℃。
在一优选实施方式中,所述的搅拌捏合的时间约1~2小时。
有益效果
本发明的盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂具有以下优点:
1、本发明盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂在实验室25℃下,最高能耐3.5MPa的水压,抗水压密封性好,能抵御外界水和砂石等渣土进入主轴承内部,价格为进口产品的60%。
2、本发明盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂在-5℃下,产品泵送性依旧良好,不需要做保温处理,就可用于国内大部分地区的冬季施工,受环境温度影响不大,避免了冬季泵送性差、堵管等施工难题。
3、配方组分无毒,部分组分生物可降解,绿色环保,对土质、地下水无污染,对盾构机的相关金属部件无腐蚀。
4、该产品具有优良的阻燃性。满足我国盾构隧道施工中盾构机主轴承密封的使用要求。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步阐述,但这些实施例并不限制本发明的范围。
150N基础油购自苏州禾森特种油品有限公司,菜籽油(粘度36.39mm2/sec)和蓖麻油(粘度210.3mm2/sec)购自广州市嘉曜华洗涤用品有限公司,硅藻土、有机土125购自灵寿县创美矿产品贸易有限公司钊庆矿产品加工厂,磷酸三(2,3-二溴丙基)酯、间苯二酚双(二苯基磷酸酯)三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐,三聚氰胺磷酸盐和氢氧化铝购自江阴市欧森纳化工有限公司,聚异丁烯、聚丙烯酰胺、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚异丁烯和乙丙共聚物购自济南祥发化工科技有限公司,氮化硼、羊毛脂和锂基脂购自沧州隆兴耐磨管件制造有限公司,高岭土、硫酸钡、滑石粉、石棉纤维和木质纤维素纤维购自周口奇峰矿物纤维有限公司,碳酸钙(粒径D50<20微米)购自石家庄鑫波矿产品有限公司,石墨购自河北洋溢石墨制品有限公司、二硫化钼购自天津市鼎盛鑫化工有限公司,石油磺酸钙和石油磺酸钡购自济南博奥化工有限公司,2,6-二叔丁基酚、苯基萘胺、胺类抗氧剂405和抗氧剂1010购自巴斯夫公司。
实施例一
本实施例中盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂,其配方组分及其重量百分比为:150N基础油14%、有机土125 3%、氢氧化铝14%、聚异丁烯19.5%、锂基脂12%、木质纤维素纤维5%、碳酸钙28%、石墨2.8%、二硫化钼0.5%,石油磺酸钡1%和抗氧剂1010 0.2%。
首先,设定搅拌桶温度70℃,将150N基础油、氢氧化铝、聚异丁烯加入搅拌桶中,搅拌均匀;然后,将搅拌桶中的混合溶液泵入捏合机中,设定捏合机温度50℃,继续加入石墨、二硫化钼、木质纤维素纤维、有机土125、碳酸钙和锂基脂;最后,加入抗氧剂1010和石油磺酸钡,继续搅拌捏合约2小时后,出料即可得盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂。
将按照本实施例所述的盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂制备过程获得油脂样品,在实验室25℃下,按照表1的标准测试所制备的盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂的理化性能。
表1.盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂的性能参数表
该盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂的理化指标如表1所示。测试结果显示,实施例1所制备的盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂能耐3.5MPa的水压,抗水压密封性好,能抵御外界水和砂石等渣土进入主轴承内部;泵送性优异,受环境温度影响不大,避免了冬季泵送性差、堵管等施工难题。价格仅为进口产品的60%。另外,该产品具有优良的阻燃性,能够满足我国盾构隧道施工中盾构机主轴承密封的使用要求。
实施例二~五
将各个实施例的各个组分按照实施例一中的方法,制备相应的盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂,并按照实施例中的测试标准对实施例二~五所制备的盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂的理化性能进行测试。测试结果表明,实施例二~五所制备的盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂的理化性能也达到了实施例1所制备的的盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂的性能级别。
在不背离本发明的精神下可能存在多种修改和替代,当本领域技术人员仅通过常规实验就可获得与本文本中公开之发明的改进等同,则确信所有的这些改进和等同是包含在权利要求所限定的本发明的精神和范围内的。
Claims (12)
1.一种盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂,其特征在于,配方组分及其重量百分比包括:基础油8~16%、增稠剂2~5%、阻燃剂10~20%、增粘剂15~25%、润滑剂12~20%、增强剂4~8%、填充剂20~30%、抗磨剂0.5~3%、防锈剂1~3%和抗氧剂0.5~1%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂,其特征在于,所述的基础油为以下任一种或多种:石蜡基或环烷基矿物油、植物油、全氟醚油、石蜡油。
3.根据权利要求1所述的盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂,其特征在于,所述的增稠剂为以下任一种或多种:钠基膨润土、钙基膨润土、硅藻土、有机土。
4.根据权利要求1所述的盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂,其特征在于,所述的阻燃剂为以下任一种或多种:氢氧化镁、含磷阻燃剂、氢氧化铝、含氮阻燃剂、氯化石蜡;优选地,为氢氧化镁、磷酸三(2,3-二溴丙基)酯、四苯基双酚A二磷酸酯、间苯二酚双(二苯基磷酸酯)、间苯二酚(二(2,6-二甲苯基)磷酸酯)、对苯二酚(二苯基磷酸酯)、对苯二酚双(二(2,6-二甲苯基)磷酸酯)、四-二苯基哌嗪二磷酰胺氢氧化铝、三聚氰胺、2-脲基三聚氰胺、蜜白胺、蜜勒胺、氰尿酰胺、三聚氰酸一酰胺、三聚氰酸二酰胺、2-脲基蜜胺、苯并胍胺、乙酰胍胺、蜜胺氰尿酸盐、蜜胺焦磷酸盐、蜜胺多磷酸盐、氨基胍,三聚氰胺磷酸盐、三聚氰胺焦磷酸盐、三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐、三聚氰胺新戊二醇硼酸盐、氯化石蜡中的一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂,其特征在于,所述的增强剂为以下任一种或多种:木质纤维素纤维、棉花提取的纤维、石棉纤维、海泡石纤维。
6.根据权利要求1所述的盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂,其特征在于,所述的填充剂为以下任一种或多种:轻质碳酸钙、重质碳酸钙、膨润土、滑石粉、硫酸钡、高岭土。
7.根据权利要求1所述的盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂,其特征在于,所述的增粘剂为以下任一种或多种:古马隆-茚树脂、聚异丁烯、乙丙共聚物、聚丙烯醇、聚丙烯酰胺、星形烯烃共聚物、聚甲基丙烯酸酯。
8.根据权利要求1所述的盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂,其特征在于,所述的润滑剂为以下任一种或多种:氮化硼、二硫化钼、石墨、锂基脂、极压锂基脂、钙基脂、钠基脂、钛基脂、羊毛脂。
9.根据权利要求1所述的盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂,其特征在于,所述的抗磨剂为以下任一种或多种:二硫化钼、石墨。
10.根据权利要求1所述的盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂,其特征在于,所述的防锈剂为以下任一种或多种:石油磺酸钙、石油磺酸钡、环烷酸锌、羊毛脂。
11.根据权利要求1所述的盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂,其特征在于,所述的抗氧剂为以下任一种或多种:胺类抗氧剂、烷基酚类抗氧剂;优选地,所述的抗氧剂为胺类抗氧剂405、苯基萘胺、C1-C4烷基化二苯胺和二烷基对苯二胺、抗氧剂1010、双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)硫醚、2,6-二叔丁基酚、2,6-二叔丁基对甲苯酚中的一种或几种。
12.一种制备如权利要求1至11任一项所述的盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂的方法,其特征在于,所述的方法包括以下步骤:
首先,设定搅拌桶加热温度后,将基础油、增粘剂、阻燃剂加入搅拌桶中,搅拌均匀;
然后,将搅拌桶中的混合溶液泵入捏合机中,设定捏合机的加热温度后,继续加入增稠剂、填充剂、增强剂、润滑剂;
最后,加入抗氧剂、防锈剂和抗磨剂,继续搅拌捏合后,出料即可得盾构机专用主轴承密封油脂。
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