CN110564485A - 耐磨型盾构主轴密封油脂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

耐磨型盾构主轴密封油脂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110564485A
CN110564485A CN201910885008.3A CN201910885008A CN110564485A CN 110564485 A CN110564485 A CN 110564485A CN 201910885008 A CN201910885008 A CN 201910885008A CN 110564485 A CN110564485 A CN 110564485A
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main bearing
shield main
sealing grease
extreme pressure
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赵汝鸣
韩建国
高玉荣
闻和咏
董武卿
郑禹忠
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Shenyang Shanmeng Xin Building Materials Co Ltd
ZHONGHAO (DALIAN) CHEMICAL RESEARCH AND DESIGN INSTITUTE Co Ltd
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ZHONGHAO (DALIAN) CHEMICAL RESEARCH AND DESIGN INSTITUTE Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种盾构主轴承密封油脂及其制备方法。该盾构主轴承密封油脂是由下列重量份数的组分制成：基础油10‑40份，稠化剂5‑8份，膏体粘附剂10‑30份，极压抗磨剂2‑8份，防腐剂0.5‑3份，防锈剂1‑5份，纤维4‑13份，余料为填料；其制备方法为：首先将基础油、部分极压抗磨原料与稠化剂反应，再将反应产物与膏体粘附剂、极压抗磨剂、防腐剂和防锈剂加入捏合机中捏合，捏合时间为20‑30分钟，最后将纤维及填料加入到捏合机继续捏合，捏合时间为60‑180分钟，即得盾构主轴承密封油脂。本发明制备的盾构主轴承密封油脂具有抗极压耐磨性好、泵送性好、密封性强、抗水冲性良好、粘附性优异、环境友好及成本低廉的特点。

Description

耐磨型盾构主轴密封油脂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种盾构主轴承密封油脂及其制备方法，属于密封材料技术领域。
背景技术
盾构机是一种隧道掘进的专用工程机械，已广泛用于地铁、铁路、公路、市政、水电等隧道工程。盾构机使用一段时间后，主轴承密封圈唇口及渣土与密封衬套长时间摩擦，会在密封衬套表面磨出细槽，磨损进一步加深后，就会造成主轴承腔室齿轮油泄漏和泥水、渣土侵入，引起主轴承结构损坏，造成机器设备故障，增加施工成本。盾构主轴承密封油脂是一种专门为密封圈开发的密封油脂，可防止土壤、水等污染主轴承润滑系统，另外还能够润滑密封圈，以保证盾构隧道掘进机螺旋部件的优良密封性能。我国使用的盾构机绝大部分是从欧洲和日本等公司进口的，进口盾构机使用的润滑脂多以康达特、道达尔、松村、出光等进口品牌为主，这些进口品牌油脂综合性能较好，但价格昂贵。
国内也有一些公司生产盾构主轴承密封油脂，但综合性能远低于国外同类产品。产品流动性不好，泵送困难，抗极磨性能不足，导致盾构机主轴承密封泄漏，使泥浆、岩石、水、沙砾及渣土等进入主轴承润滑系统，迅速破坏主轴承和齿轮副；另外产品中含有与主轴承橡胶密封圈不相容的成分，易造成密封圈老化及损坏。
近年来，我国的跨江跨海隧道建设需求急剧增加，因而对盾构主轴承密封油脂的性能提出更高的要求，粘附性差、抗极磨性能不足的产品难以达到过江、过海的要求。
发明内容
本发明针对盾构主轴承密封油脂抗极磨性能不足的问题，提供了一种抗极压耐磨优异、粘附性强、抗水冲击和密封性能好、泵送性优良、环境友好、成本低廉的盾构主轴承密封油脂及其制备方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
盾构主轴承密封油脂是由下列重量百分比的组分制成：基础油10-40份，稠化剂5-8份，膏体粘附剂10-30份，极压抗磨剂2-8份，防腐剂0.5-3份，防锈剂1-5份，纤维4-13份，余料为填料。
所述基础油为Ⅱ类基础油和/或Ⅲ类基础油。
所述稠化剂为12-羟基硬脂酸同一水合氢氧化锂的反应产物。
所述膏体粘附剂为聚异丁烯（PIB）、乙丙烯共聚物（OCP）及聚正丁基乙烯基醚（BB）中的一种或几种。
所述极压抗磨剂为纳米金刚石和硼酸锂的混合物。
所述防腐剂为硫磷双辛基碱性锌盐或硫磷丁辛基锌盐。
所述防锈剂为苯并三氮唑、石油磺酸钡或环烷酸锌中至少一种。
所述纤维为棉纤维、木纤维、竹纤维、可生物降解化学纤维中的一种或几种。
所述填料为白云石粉、重质碳酸钙、活性碳酸钙中的一种或几种。
所述盾构主轴承密封油脂制备方法按照下列步骤完成：
首先将一半分量的基础油加入到皂化釜中，投入12-羟基硬脂酸和硼酸并升温到90℃，加入一水合氢氧化锂，皂化脱水后，升温到200℃，快速加入剩余的基础油。
再将上步反应产物转移到捏合机中冷却后，与计量的膏体粘附剂、极压抗磨剂、防腐剂和防锈剂加入捏合机中捏合，捏合时间为20-30分钟，最后将纤维及填料加入到捏合机继续捏合，捏合时间为60-180分钟，即得盾构主轴承密封油脂。
本发明盾构主轴承密封油脂及其制备方法的有益效果是：通过反应生成硼酸锂，添加纳米金刚石，利用其超强的润滑能力减少摩擦，对主轴划痕有自修复能力，提高了盾构主轴承密封油脂的极压抗磨性，解决了盾构主轴承密封油脂粘附性差的问题，能够有效防止土壤、水、泥浆、渣土等污染主轴承润滑系统而造成盾构机旋转部件的损坏；技术参数接近达到的盾构主轴承密封油脂性能，可完全代替进口产品且价格低廉；本发明盾构主轴承密封油脂泵送性良好；不含有与主轴橡胶密封圈不相容的成分；添加的填料能够与盾构主轴承密封油脂在工作过程中产生的酸性气体反应，减少对盾构机金属部件的腐蚀；该盾构主轴承密封油脂可生物降解，不会造成对土壤的污染。
具体实施方式
为详细说明本发明的各种有效成分组成，下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
实施例1:
将15kgⅡ类基础油加入到皂化釜中，投入6kg 12-羟基硬脂酸和2kg硼酸并升温到90℃，加入5.0kg一水合氢氧化锂，皂化脱水后，升温到200℃，快速加入15kgⅡ类基础油。
再将上步反应产物转移到捏合机中冷却后，将22kg聚异丁烯（PIB）、1kg纳米金刚石、0.8kg硫磷双辛基碱性锌盐和1.5kg苯并三氮唑加入捏合机中捏合，捏合时间为20-30分钟，最后将8kg棉纤维及23.7kg白云石粉加入到捏合机继续捏合，捏合时间为60-180分钟，即得盾构主轴承密封油脂。
实施例2:
将17.5kgⅡ类基础油加入到皂化釜中，投入6.5kg 12-羟基硬脂酸和2.3kg硼酸并升温到90℃，加入5.6kg一水合氢氧化锂，皂化脱水后，升温到200℃，快速加入17.5kgⅡ类基础油。
再将上步反应产物转移到捏合机中冷却后，将8kg聚异丁烯（PIB）和2kg乙丙烯共聚物（OCP）、1.5kg纳米金刚石、0.7kg硫磷丁辛基锌盐和5kg石油磺酸钡加入捏合机中捏合，捏合时间为20-30分钟，最后将10kg竹纤维及23.4kg白云石粉加入到捏合机继续捏合，捏合时间为60-180分钟，即得盾构主轴承密封油脂。
实施例3:
将12kgⅢ类基础油加入到皂化釜中，投入5kg 12-羟基硬脂酸和2.2kg硼酸并升温到90℃，加入5.2kg一水合氢氧化锂，皂化脱水后，升温到200℃，快速加入12kgⅢ类基础油。
再将上步反应产物转移到捏合机中冷却后，将26kg聚异丁烯（PIB）、2.2kg纳米金刚石、1kg硫磷双辛基碱性锌盐和4kg石油磺酸钡加入捏合机中捏合，捏合时间为20-30分钟，最后将4kg竹纤维和2kg木纤维及24.4kg重质碳酸钙加入到捏合机继续捏合，捏合时间为60-180分钟，即得盾构主轴承密封油脂。
实施例4:
将18kgⅡ类基础油加入到皂化釜中，投入4.5kg 12-羟基硬脂酸和2.8kg硼酸并升温到90℃，加入6.4kg一水合氢氧化锂，皂化脱水后，升温到200℃，快速加入18kgⅢ类基础油。
再将上步反应产物转移到捏合机中冷却后，将10kg聚异丁烯（PIB）和3kg聚正丁基乙烯基醚（BB）、0.8kg纳米金刚石、1.2kg硫磷丁辛基锌盐和4.5kg环烷酸锌加入捏合机中捏合，捏合时间为20-30分钟，最后将4kg棉纤维和4kg木纤维及22.8kg活性碳酸钙加入到捏合机继续捏合，捏合时间为60-180分钟，即得盾构主轴承密封油脂。
以市场采购纳拓润滑技术（上海）有限公司所生产的盾构主轴承密封油脂为对比样品
本发明实施例1-4及对比例盾构主轴承密封油脂质量检测指标为：
检测项目 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4 对比样品
密度(20℃)，g/cm<sup>3</sup> 1.20 1.19 1.20 1.18 1.27
锥入度(25℃，0.1 mm) 253 262 258 265 270
泵送性(25℃,1 MPa)，g/min 126 135 133 142 140
粘附时间(25℃，S） 35 32 38 41 10
四球磨损(1小时，40 kg，75℃) 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.9
从上表可以看出，本发明实施例1~4的密度小于对比例,这样相同的重量盾构主轴承密封油脂就能填充更大密封空间。实施例1~4粘附时间明显长于对比例, 四球磨损小于对比例, 说明实施例比对比例抗极压耐磨更好、粘附性更强。实施例优于对比样品。
本发明的保护范围并不局限于以上的实施例，任何熟悉本领域的技术人员在本发明公开后，都能够轻易进行组分变化或替换，这些都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。所以，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书的保护氛围为准。

Claims (2)

1.盾构主轴承密封油脂，其特征是：包括下列重量份数组分制成：基础油10-40份，稠化剂5-8份，膏体粘附剂10-30份，极压抗磨剂2-8份，防腐剂0.5-3份，防锈剂1-5份，纤维4-13份，余料为填料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的盾构主轴承密封油脂，其特征是：所述极压抗磨剂为纳米金刚石和硼酸锂的混合物。
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