CN108634132A - A kind of tilapia feed and preparation method thereof and application method - Google Patents
A kind of tilapia feed and preparation method thereof and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108634132A CN108634132A CN201810473652.5A CN201810473652A CN108634132A CN 108634132 A CN108634132 A CN 108634132A CN 201810473652 A CN201810473652 A CN 201810473652A CN 108634132 A CN108634132 A CN 108634132A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of tilapia feed and preparation method thereof and application method, the present invention relates to a kind of fish meal, the present invention provides a kind of feed of the food waste production Tilapia mossambica after the fermentation process using food waste, and the technical solution is as follows：A kind of tilapia feed, the tilapia feed include the substance of following parts by weight：52 58 parts of food waste albumen powder, 8 12 parts of dregs of beans, 8 12 parts of peanut press pulp, 46 parts of yeast, 20 24 parts of starch, vitamin and minerals premix 25 parts of mixture.The beneficial effects of the present invention are：With after fermentation process food waste produce Tilapia mossambica feed, on the one hand resource reclaim can be used again, extend the landfill service life, while again can production safety feed.In feed other than food waste albumen powder and other common used materials, yeast is also added in feed, added in fish grain Saccharomyces cerevisiae can, Saccharomyces cerevisiae can dramatically increase the speed of growth of fish and improve immunity, and on the other hand, this formula is simultaneously without using fish meal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fish meals, it relates in particular to a kind of tilapia feed and preparation method thereof and user
Method.
Background technology
Hong Kong daily about 13,000 ton of solid refuse, which is thrown away, to be set in landfill processing, wherein having 3,600 tons are
Food waste (EPD, 2017), it is contemplated that existing landfill will successively be exhausted in the year two thousand twenty.Current main processing food waste method
For landfill, but food waste itself containing large quantity of moisture and is easy corruption, other than causing problem of environmental pollution, by food waste throw aside in
The service life of landfill can be made substantially to shorten in landfill.Therefore, the pressure of landfill can partly be mitigated by recycling food waste
Power.In fact, still containing the nutrition of suitable component in food waste, with recycling and the useful materials such as feed can be produced into,
In this application, food waste increases protein content through bacterial fermentation, and the feed of suitable Tilapia mossambica is mixed and made into other materials.
Hong Kong freshwater fish culturing householder wants the low trophic level fish of commercial feed raising four large Chinese carps and Tilapia mossambica etc., these
Fish to the of less demanding of forage protein, therefore can still be enabled using the feed of low nutrition ingredient fish have good growth (AFCD,
2017).Raiser can commonly use expired bread, noodles, and bean dregs and other low value materials are reduced with this and are produced into as feed
This.Tilapia mossambica is ominivore-fish, the Feed Energy Fast Growth that feeding protein content is 30%.Since the albumen of common feedstuffs contains
Amount is commonly 20% or so, and nutritive value can not meet the needs of Tilapia mossambica.But commercial feed has used a large amount of high nutritions
The raw material of composition, including fish meal, and fish meal is the pollutant sources in feed simultaneously.
Main component of the fish meal as (being mainly derived from trash fish and fish by-product) business mixed feed, but simultaneously
It is also the main source of pollutant.Melamine, antibiotic or the remains of pesticide that fish meal may be added intentionally or accidentally
Pollution.The fish meal of Hongkong is possible to containing there are many pollutant of higher concentration, such as DDT and mercury (Cheng et al.,
2014；Dickman et al.,1998；Zhou and Wong,2000).Fish meal inferior is the huge sum of money accumulated in Fish
Belong to the main source of mercury.Global various potential health risks and edible contaminated fish food are closely bound up.With regard to Hong Kong
Male sterility (low sperm quantity and quality) problem is and accumulates a large amount of mercury and the related (Dickman of frequent edible fishes in vivo
et al.,1998).Ko et al. have found coastal resident (such as Hong Kong and Shanghai) within 2012, the hair of the children with self-closing disease
In mercury and cadmium containing high concentration；And in the corresponding resident (such as Beijing) from inland, then observe the arsenic of higher concentration
And lead.The eating habit that these results show respectively coastal area people is biased into the contaminated seafood of large amounts of food, and interior
Land area people are then by serious environmental pollution (arsenic and lead).Research, which is also shown, to be contained in the adipose tissue of patients with uterine myoma
The concentration of persistence organic pollutant and heavy metal is apparently higher than the people (Qin et al., 2010) of not illness.
Therefore, in order to avoid cultured fishes accumulate persistence organic pollutant and heavy metal these pollutants, production in accordance with
The feed of safety is one of very wise move.Meanwhile substituting the environment that trash fish feeding can also contribute to maintain steck periphery using feed
Health.Food safety affair takes place frequently in recent years, and local consumer increasingly pays close attention to food-safety problem.In fact more and more perfume (or spice)
Hongkong people is ready to spend higher price purchase to post the fishery -ies product (Boulanger et al., 2008) of no chemical composition label.It is public
The consciousness of many food-safe problems and concern improve, and become an important factor for selecting food and are more than its price itself, to
The economic incentives of cultivation high quality fishery -ies product are provided for Hong Kong fisherman.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of feed of the food waste production Tilapia mossambica after the fermentation process using food waste, and the technical solution is such as
Under：
A kind of tilapia feed, the tilapia feed include the substance of following parts by weight：Food waste albumen powder 52-58
Part, 8-12 parts of dregs of beans, 8-12 parts of peanut press pulp, 4-6 parts of yeast, 20-24 parts of starch, vitamin and minerals 2-5 parts of mixture of premix.
Preferably, the tilapia feed includes the substance of following parts by weight：55 parts of food waste albumen powder, dregs of beans 10
Part, 10 parts of peanut press pulp, 5 parts of yeast, 22 parts of starch, vitamin and minerals 3 parts of mixture of premix.
A kind of preparation method of tilapia feed, the preparation method include the following steps：
(1) food waste is sorted, extracts the material containing protein, then carry out thin broken to become pulpous state, moisture content is about
70%, material or filtering control water are added, moisture content is down to 40%, strain is then added and carries out anaerobic fermentation, after 5-9 days
Anaerobic fermentation is completed, after 120 DEG C of high temperature drying, screening is carried out and forms powder, obtain food waste albumen powder；
(2) by each parts by weight material mixing：52-58 parts of food waste albumen powder, 8-12 parts of dregs of beans, 8-12 parts of peanut press pulp, yeast
4-6 parts, 20-24 parts of starch, vitamin and minerals premix 2-5 parts of mixture；
(3) the high-temperature vapour expanding treatment that mixed each substance is carried out to 120-130 DEG C, is made pellet.
A kind of application method of tilapia feed, the application method include the following steps：According to the percentage of fish body weight
Three be fed with daily with batch charger, adjust feed feeding amount every two weeks.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：The feed that Tilapia mossambica is produced with the food waste after fermentation process, on the one hand can will provide
Source recycle, extend the landfill service life, while again can production safety feed.In feed in addition to food waste albumen powder and other often
With outside material, yeast is also added in feed, in fish grain add Saccharomyces cerevisiae can, Saccharomyces cerevisiae can dramatically increase fish
The speed of growth and improvement immunity, on the other hand, this formula does not use fish meal simultaneously, to reduce cost and possible pollutant.
Specific implementation mode
Formula material carries out high temperature puffing technique according to deal shown in table one after room temperature mixing, is manufactured into pellet.
One feed formulation for tilapia of table
The raw material of food waste albumen powder is food waste, what food waste was generated by wash water oil removing and after crushing after bacterial fermentation is handled
Albumen additive.Remaining raw material, including dregs of beans, peanut press pulp, yeast, starch and vitamin and minerals premix mixture are from market
Upper buying.
Table two lists the nutritional ingredient of tilapia feed provided by the invention and commercial feed.The crude protein of commercial feed is
32.5%, and the protein 28 .3% (p of Tilapia mossambica formula<0.05).The crude fat of two kinds of feeds is makeed an appointment, and about 6.5%.
The crude protein and crude fat amount of two feed formulation for tilapia of table and commercial feed
Note:Similar and different letter indicates to have statistically significant difference between group respectively or does not have statistically significant difference test side
Method
The fry (4 centimeters long) for using 1000 Tilapia mossambicas altogether, according to the appearance of their bodies and behavior come inspection and evaluation
Fish health condition (such as：To the reaction speed of light and its feeding behaviour), while observing either with or without damage sign (body damage
Wound, incised wound, lacks vigor) (Choi et al, 2013), select the Tilapia mossambica fry for being in a good state of health, not damaging, fry
(4 meters long x4 meters wealthy x1 meters deep) is distributed into 6 aquaculture net cages according to weight average, is matched wherein three net cages are feeding Tilapia mossambica
The experimental group A of side, a kind of common commercial feed particle of the other three net cage feeding are used as control group B.The master of Tilapia mossambica formula
It is food waste albumen powder to want ingredient, and Detailed composition is listed in table one.
Experiment carries out in a fish pond, and test Tilapia mossambica eats the growth after Tilapia mossambica formula forage and commercial feed respectively
The content of heavy metal in situation and the flesh of fish.Entire breeding research continues 6 months.According to 3 the percent of fish body weight daily to feed intake
Machine is fed with, and adjusts feed feeding amount every two weeks.
Feed effect and test result
Table three lists the growing state of Tilapia mossambica, and two kinds of feeds of experimental result display feeding Tilapia mossambica are to growth feelings
There were significant differences for condition.Although the albumen of tilapia feed is lower than commercial feed, result shows that two kinds of fish grains of feed are raised
The meat change rate of the Tilapia mossambica of material is all 1.2 or so, and adult fish and sale can be grown at six months, is shown through addition
Yeast, Tilapia mossambica is formulated is no less than commercial feed to the growth efficiency of fish.
The relative weight gain and meat change rate of three Tilapia mossambica of table
Note:Similar and different letter indicates to have statistically significant difference between group respectively or does not have statistically significant difference
Table four lists the nospecific immunity parameter of Tilapia mossambica.Experimental protein result display feeding Tilapia mossambica in fish grain
Two kinds of feeds nospecific immunity parameter, including total serum protein, total immune globulin bletilla lysozyme activity, there is no aobvious
Difference is write, shows that food waste fish grain fodder does not have harmful effect to the nospecific immunity parameter of fish.
The nospecific immunity parameter of four Tilapia mossambica of table
Note:Similar and different letter indicates to have statistically significant difference between group respectively or does not have statistically significant difference
Table five lists the content of beary metal and rule standard of two kinds of feeds.Now, China is equipped with a huge sum of money for the rule upper limit
Category includes mercury, chromium, lead, cadmium and arsenic.Test result shows method of the content of beary metal in feed formulation for tilapia less than China
Example requires, and formula is suitable for breeding production.
Content of beary metal and the related rule upper limit in five feed of table
Note:LOQ=quantitation limits；* it is calculated with methyl mercury；* is calculated with inorganic arsenic；Similar and different letter indicates respectively
There is statistically significant difference between group or there is no statistically significant difference
Table six lists the content of beary metal of the Tilapia mossambica flesh of fish.Now, China and Hong Kong are all to the mercury in the flesh of fish, chromium,
Lead, cadmium and arsenic are equipped with the rule upper limit.Test result shows that the heavy metal in the flesh of fish is compared with the relevant criterion of China and Hong Kong
It is low, show the heavy metals exceeding standard that will not make using food waste feed in the flesh of fish.
The content of beary metal of the six Tilapia mossambica flesh of fish of table and the related rule upper limit
Note:* it is calculated with methyl mercury；* is calculated with inorganic arsenic；Similar and different letter indicates have statistics aobvious between group respectively
It writes difference or there is no statistically significant difference.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of tilapia feed, which is characterized in that the tilapia feed includes the substance of following parts by weight：Food waste egg
52-58 parts of white powder, 8-12 parts of dregs of beans, 8-12 parts of peanut press pulp, 4-6 parts of yeast, 20-24 parts of starch, vitamin and minerals premixing
2-5 parts of agent.
2. a kind of tilapia feed as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the tilapia feed includes following weight
Measure the substance of part：55 parts of food waste albumen powder, 10 parts of dregs of beans, 10 parts of peanut press pulp, 5 parts of yeast, 22 parts of starch, vitamin and minerals are pre-
3 parts of intermixture.
3. a kind of preparation method of tilapia feed, which is characterized in that the preparation method includes the following steps：
(1) food waste is obtained into food waste albumen powder after oil removing, crushing and bacterial fermentation；
(2) by each parts by weight material mixing in claims 1 or 2；
(3) mixed each substance is subjected to high temperature puffing processing, pellet is made.
4. a kind of application method of tilapia feed, which is characterized in that the application method includes the following steps：According to fish body
3 the percent of weight are fed with batch charger daily, adjust feed feeding amount every two weeks.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810473652.5A CN108634132A (en) | 2018-05-17 | 2018-05-17 | A kind of tilapia feed and preparation method thereof and application method |
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| CN201810473652.5A CN108634132A (en) | 2018-05-17 | 2018-05-17 | A kind of tilapia feed and preparation method thereof and application method |
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| CN108634132A true CN108634132A (en) | 2018-10-12 |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1666636A (en) * | 2004-03-11 | 2005-09-14 | 广州鹭业水产有限公司 | Pelletized feed for java tilapia clean fish and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN105995248A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-10-12 | 昆明通威饲料有限公司 | Expanded compound feed for growing period of tilapia mossambica |
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| CN107996465A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-05-08 | 广州智龙生物科技有限公司 | A kind of efficient Fish-shrimp mix-culture method that strain is supported |
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2018
- 2018-05-17 CN CN201810473652.5A patent/CN108634132A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1666636A (en) * | 2004-03-11 | 2005-09-14 | 广州鹭业水产有限公司 | Pelletized feed for java tilapia clean fish and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104431628A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-03-25 | 张嘉强 | Mixed feed for red tilapias |
| CN105961916A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-09-28 | 中山大学 | Probiotics-containing tilapia feed |
| CN105995248A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-10-12 | 昆明通威饲料有限公司 | Expanded compound feed for growing period of tilapia mossambica |
| CN106819652A (en) * | 2017-01-21 | 2017-06-13 | 福建澳华农牧科技有限公司 | A kind of low albumen red tilapia expanding compound feed and its processing method |
| CN107373047A (en) * | 2017-08-12 | 2017-11-24 | 周怀林 | A kind of feed of crisp meat Tilapia mossambica and preparation method thereof |
| CN107996465A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-05-08 | 广州智龙生物科技有限公司 | A kind of efficient Fish-shrimp mix-culture method that strain is supported |
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