CN108632293A - Architectural Equipment Internet of things system based on block chain technology and method - Google Patents

Architectural Equipment Internet of things system based on block chain technology and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108632293A
CN108632293A CN201810469817.1A CN201810469817A CN108632293A CN 108632293 A CN108632293 A CN 108632293A CN 201810469817 A CN201810469817 A CN 201810469817A CN 108632293 A CN108632293 A CN 108632293A
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node
block chain
internet
data
things
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CN201810469817.1A
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CN108632293B (en
Inventor
张桂青
潘磊磊
田崇翼
李成栋
田晨璐
王兆进
李咏
刘晓倩
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Shandong Jianzhu University
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Shandong Jianzhu University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/04Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
    • H04L63/0428Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
    • H04L63/0442Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload wherein the sending and receiving network entities apply asymmetric encryption, i.e. different keys for encryption and decryption
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/12Applying verification of the received information
    • H04L63/123Applying verification of the received information received data contents, e.g. message integrity
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/10Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/1097Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/12Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/06Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for block-wise or stream coding, e.g. DES systems or RC4; Hash functions; Pseudorandom sequence generators
    • H04L9/0643Hash functions, e.g. MD5, SHA, HMAC or f9 MAC
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H04L9/3247Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials involving digital signatures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H04L9/3297Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials involving time stamps, e.g. generation of time stamps

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of Architectural Equipment Internet of things system and method based on block chain technology, including several Internet of things node, several block chain nodes, several intelligent terminals and several user terminals, it can realize the detection of various environmental informations and the monitoring of electrical equipment in building, data distribution formula is stored in block chain node, data transmission procedure is encrypted using asymmetric encryption techniques, data sharing is executed by intelligent contract.Block chain technology is combined by the present invention with technology of Internet of things, and the technologies such as the common recognition mechanism of block chain technology, distributed storage, asymmetric encryption, intelligent contract are applied to Internet of Things, solves the problems, such as that many Internet of Things at present face.

Description

Architectural Equipment Internet of things system based on block chain technology and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Architectural Equipment Internet of things system and method based on block chain technology.
Background technology
Technology of Internet of things is by equipment in building by wireless sensor network and Ethernet access internet, realizing equipment The interaction interconnected between people and equipment between equipment realizes to the intelligent control of architectural electricity equipment, obtain and The status information and architectural environment parameter of shared electrical equipment, realize the complete perception of electrical equipment and environment in building, will believe Breath carries out transmitting and Intelligent treatment.
The smart machine of access Internet of Things is more and more at present, and equipment increase is quickly, increasing using scale, adopts at present In the way of centered on cloud server, the costs such as the infrastructure cost of data center, maintenance cost are continuously increased, and are held It is vulnerable to the malicious attack of centralization, all data of cloud server database purchase, once being abnormal, loss of data will Prodigious loss can be caused, and data are easy to be tampered, current wireless sensor network is highly susceptible to attack, data transmission Middle data are easy leakage, and internet of things equipment is easily controlled, and user data privacy is difficult to ensure, data are easy in transmission process It is tampered, the data that each sensor obtains are difficult to realize shared.
Invention content
The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, it is proposed that a kind of Architectural Equipment Internet of things system based on block chain technology with Method, the present invention can be good at realizing the complete perception of electrical equipment and environmental parameter, at the transmittings of data and intelligence Reason.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Architectural Equipment Internet of things system based on block chain technology, including several Internet of things node, several block chain nodes, several intelligent terminals and several user terminals, wherein:
The user terminal carries out data interaction, the interior various environmental parameters of display building and equipment work with block chain link point State, electrical equipment connected to intelligent terminal control;
The intelligent terminal includes at least intelligent switch, intelligent socket, humiture lighting module, CO2/ CO detection modules and PM2.5/PM10 detection modules install corresponding electrical equipment and control its break-make;
The Internet of things node is configured with wireless Ad Hoc function, establishes wireless self-organization network, has gateway Function realizes the bi-directional data forwarding and protocol conversion of wireless self-organization network and Ethernet, completes the encrypted transmission of data, complete The analyzing processing of paired data;
The block chain node is configured as generating block by common recognition mechanism, be verified to block, memory block chain Data carry out analyzing processing to data, and as Web server and user terminal communication, the mode for executing intelligent contract realizes number According to shared.
Further, twireless radio-frequency communication, block chain node and object are used between the Internet of things node and intelligent terminal Networked node is communicated with block chain node by WiFi, GPRS or 3G network by ethernet communication, user terminal.
Further, number is generated to data using rivest, shamir, adelman between the block chain node and Internet of things node Word signs and carries out data encryption, and whether digital signature is tampered to the reality and data of verify data, data encryption Make data can only determined recipient's reception.
Further, the rivest, shamir, adelman is made of private key and public key, when using public key encryption, uses correspondence Private key be decrypted, when using private key encryption, be decrypted using corresponding public key, data are raw after double SHA256 operations It at 32 unique cryptographic Hash, reuses private key encryption cryptographic Hash and generates digital signature, digital signature and data are used into reception The public key of side is encrypted to obtain encryption data.
Further, the correspondence of block chain node and Internet of things node, each N number of object of block chain node administration are established Networked node, each Internet of things node is by M block chain node administration (wherein M>2), when some block chain node hinders mistake for some reason When effect, remaining block chain node is completed at the same time the communication with user terminal and Internet of things node, and M is corresponded in an Internet of things node In a block chain node, 1 nearest block chain node of chosen distance Internet of things node is target block chain node, is responsible for the object The communication of networked node and user terminal.
Further, after the data of Internet of things node acquisition intelligent terminal, it is uploaded to corresponding M block chain node, It is sent to the user terminal by target block chain node, while M block chain node broadcasts information, is reached by common recognition mechanism New block is generated at common recognition, is stored data in block chain.
Further, reached common understanding by the common recognition mechanism of proof of work between the block chain node, be initially completed The block chain node of proof of work operation obtains the right for generating new block, becomes the host node for process of this time knowing together, remaining Block chain from node verify the block of unified memory block chain host node generation, ensures the consistency of data, next time is at first Completing the block chain node of proof of work operation becomes new block chain host node.
Further, after the block chain link point collects all data of current slot, proof of work operation, area are carried out Block chain node always searches for random number, by father block head cryptographic Hash, timestamp, Mei Keer tree roots value, difficulty desired value, with Machine number carry out Hash operation, so as to get Hash value be less than or equal to target cryptographic Hash, then find at first the condition of satisfaction with The block chain node of machine number obtains the right for generating new block.
Further, the new block of generation is broadcast to remaining block chain from node, block by the block chain host node Chain verifies new block from node, and replys verification result and digital signature to block chain host node, block chain host node It collects and replys as a result, according to the principle that the minority is subordinate to the majority, if 51% block chain link point agrees with the block, the main section of block chain Point re-broadcasts new block and verification result, remaining block chain stores new block from node.
Further, the Architectural Equipment Internet of things system is an Agent system, and Internet of things node is regarded as individual Agent utilizes the information exchange and collaborative work completion task between multi-Agent.Internet of things node can be independently into row information It handles and makes decisions, while information exchange and data sharing are carried out with other Internet of things node, by between Internet of things node Collaboration, cooperation complete corresponding task.
Further, the block chain node executes intelligent contract and realizes that data sharing between intelligent terminal, intelligence are closed The condition for about defining data sharing, is formulated by data set provider, and target block chain node executes intelligent contract, according to constraint item Part exports as a result, being sent to certain Internet of things node after data are encrypted, which is decrypted after receiving, and completes Corresponding task.
The second object of the present invention is to provide the working method based on above system, includes the following steps:
When user terminal obtains the parameter of intelligent terminal detection, each Internet of things node is logical using principal and subordinate with intelligent terminal Letter mode, Internet of things node issue querying command to corresponding intelligent terminal according to the preset time cycle, obtain building Inside humiture photometric data, PM2.5/PM10 data, CO in building sometime2The various environmental parameters such as/CO data and Electric equipment operation state parameter;
Further, after Internet of things node obtains the data of intelligent terminal acquisition, data and digital signature are sent to pair The M block chain node answered stores in the local database when block chain node verification data fit requires, is convenient for user terminal Real time inspection data, when user terminal inquires data, by order broadcast to all block chain nodes, by target block chain node User terminal is sent data to, while being carried out by above-mentioned M block chain link point being broadcast to remaining block chain node, passes through common recognition Mechanism generates new block, stores data in new block.
When send instructions under user terminal control intelligent terminal when, user terminal will instruct and with the forms of broadcasting be sent to all areas Block chain node judges which Internet of things node be issued to after all block chain node analysis instructions, by the Internet of things node pair The target block chain node answered issues instruction, Internet of things node receive after under send instructions to intelligent terminal.
Further, feedback action information after intelligent terminal runs succeeded, Internet of things node are uploaded to corresponding M block Chain node will be sent to user terminal indicating equipment in action message by target block chain node and be operated successfully, while M block chain Node broadcasts action message, is reached common understanding by common recognition mechanism, and electrical equipment operation logout is stored in new district In block.Further, block chain node broadcasts the data sent out on Internet of things node, remaining block chain node receives Afterwards, digital signature being decrypted using the public key of Internet of things node, verify data correctly stores in the local database afterwards, and It is transmitted to next block chain node, when block chain link receives the data of remaining block chain node, carries out proof of work Operation, the node for being initially completed operation generate new block.
Further, the content of new block includes block head and block body, block head include father's block head cryptographic Hash, Merkle tree roots value, timestamp, block size, difficulty desired value and random number, wherein new block is identified by timestamp Generated time can realize the retrospect of historical data, and adjusting block chain link point by adjusting difficulty desired value generates new block Time, block chain node recalculate Merkle tree roots value compared with the Merkle tree root values received, verify number in block According to integrality and correctness, avoid data from being tampered;
Data content in block body is the data of intelligent terminal belonging to Internet of things node obtains, when data content format is Between stamp with Internet of things node ID, intelligent terminal ID and parameter value.
The proof of work calculating process of the common recognition mechanism the specific steps are:
Block chain link point collects all data of current a period of time;
The Merkle roots for calculating all data are stored in block head;
The block head cryptographic Hash of a upper block is inserted in father's block cryptographic Hash of current block;
Obtain current difficulty desired value;
Current time is stored in the timestamp of current block;
The random number for the condition that meets is found, double SHA256 cryptographic Hash of current block head are calculated, if obtained Hash number Value is less than or equal to target cryptographic Hash, then has found the random number of the condition of satisfaction, completes proof of work operation, and it is new to obtain generation The right of block.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Block chain technology is combined by the present invention with technology of Internet of things, and common recognition mechanism, the distribution of block chain technology are deposited The technologies such as storage, asymmetric encryption, intelligent contract are applied to Internet of Things, solve the problems, such as that many Internet of Things at present face.
The present invention utilizes the way to manage of block chain technology decentralization, saves high centered on cloud server Facility and maintenance cost reduce Internet of Things cost.
The data transmission in wireless sensor network between Internet of things node and intelligent terminal is encrypted in the present invention, ensures The safety of data, internet of things equipment is controlled after preventing leaking data, protect the privacy of user data.
The method that the present invention uses distributed storage, data in block chain node, can be prevented from counting by distributed storage According to loss, ensures that data are not tampered, ensured data safety.
Each block and each data are made timestamp by the present invention, each block is marked using cryptographic Hash, is protected Card data are not modified, and can realize the retrospect of historical data.
Data sharing is carried out by intelligent contract between the Internet of things node of the present invention, promotes the transparence of data sharing Internet of things node is regarded as private mortgage loan by degree, and corresponding task is completed by collaboration, the cooperation between Internet of things node.
The present invention can be good at realizing the complete perception of electrical equipment and environmental parameter, the transmitting and intelligence of data Processing.
Description of the drawings
The accompanying drawings which form a part of this application are used for providing further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows Meaning property embodiment and its explanation do not constitute the improper restriction to the application for explaining the application.
Fig. 1 is the system construction drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the parameter detecting flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the electrical equipment control flow chart of the present invention;
Specific implementation mode:
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific implementation mode, and be not intended to restricted root According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singulative It is also intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or combination thereof.
In the present invention, term for example "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", " side ", The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "bottom" is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only to facilitate describing this hair Bright each component or component structure relationship and the relative of determination, not refer in particular to either component or element in the present invention, cannot understand For limitation of the present invention.
In the present invention, term such as " affixed ", " connected ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, and indicate may be a fixed connection, Can also be to be integrally connected or be detachably connected;It can be directly connected, it can also be indirectly connected through an intermediary.For The related scientific research of this field or technical staff can determine the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention as the case may be, It is not considered as limiting the invention.
Based on the Architectural Equipment Internet of things system of block chain technology, including several Internet of things node, several block chain nodes, The building Internet of things system based on block chain technology of several intelligent terminals, several user terminals composition, wherein:
Internet of things node has the function of wireless Ad Hoc, is responsible for establishing wireless self-organization network, has gateway function, realizes The bi-directional data of wireless self-organization network and Ethernet forwards and protocol conversion, completes the encrypted transmission of data, complete paired data Analyzing processing.
Block chain node by know together mechanism generate block, block is verified, memory block chain data, to data into Row analyzing processing, as Web server and user terminal communication, the mode for executing intelligent contract realizes data sharing.
User terminal and block chain link point carry out data interaction, the interior various environmental parameters of display building and equipment work shape State, electrical equipment connected to intelligent terminal control.
Intelligent terminal include at least intelligent switch, intelligent socket, humiture lighting module, CO2/CO detection modules, PM2.5/PM10 detection modules etc..The intelligent terminal installs corresponding electrical equipment and controls its break-make.
433MHz twireless radio-frequency communications, block chain node and Internet of Things are used between the Internet of things node and intelligent terminal Node is communicated with block chain node by WiFi, GPRS or 3G network by ethernet communication, user terminal.
Digital signature is generated to data using asymmetric encryption techniques and carries out data encryption, digital signature is verifying number According to reality and data whether be tampered, data encryption make data can only determined recipient receive, ensured data Safety.
The rivest, shamir, adelman is made of private key and public key, when using public key encryption, is carried out using corresponding private key Decryption, when using private key encryption, is decrypted, data generate 32 only after double SHA256 operations using corresponding public key One cryptographic Hash reuses private key encryption cryptographic Hash and generates digital signature, by digital signature and data using recipient public key into Row encryption obtains encryption data.
Further, the correspondence of block chain node and Internet of things node, each N number of object of block chain node administration are established Networked node, each Internet of things node is by M block chain node administration (wherein M>2), when some block chain node hinders mistake for some reason When effect, remaining block chain node is completed at the same time the communication with user terminal and Internet of things node, has ensured the reliability of communication, this Specification is by taking an Internet of things node is by 3 block chain node administrations as an example.
Further, when send instructions under user terminal control intelligent terminal when, correspond to M block chain link in Internet of things node In point, 1 nearest block chain node of chosen distance Internet of things node is target block chain node, be responsible for the Internet of things node with The communication of user terminal, when user terminal controls intelligent terminal, user terminal will instruct and be sent to all areas with the forms of broadcasting Block chain node judges which Internet of things node be issued to after block chain node analysis instruction, by the target of the Internet of things node Block chain node issues instruction, Internet of things node receive after under send instructions to intelligent terminal.
The Internet of things node uses master-slave communication mode with intelligent terminal, and feedback action is believed after intelligent terminal runs succeeded Breath, Internet of things node are uploaded to corresponding M block chain node, will be sent in action message to user's end by target block chain node End indicating equipment operates successfully, while M block chain node broadcasts action message, is reached common understanding by common recognition mechanism, Electrical equipment operation logout is stored in block chain.
Internet of things node obtains the data of intelligent terminal detection in such a way that timing is inquired, and at a time sends instructions down Obtain the environmental parameters such as humiture photometric data, PM2.5/PM10 data, CO2/CO data and the fortune of electrical equipment in building Row state parameter.
Further, after Internet of things node obtains the data of intelligent terminal acquisition, data and digital signature are sent to pair The M block chain node answered stores in the local database when block chain node verification data fit requires, is convenient for user terminal Real time inspection data, while being carried out by above-mentioned M block chain link point being broadcast to remaining block chain node, pass through the mechanism of common recognition and generates New block stores data in block chain.
Reached common understanding by the common recognition mechanism of proof of work between the block chain node, is initially completed proof of work The block chain node of operation obtains the right for generating new block, becomes the host node for process of this time knowing together, remaining block chain is from section Point carries out verifying the block that unified memory block chain host node generates, and ensures that the consistency of data, next time are initially completed workload Prove that the block chain node of operation becomes new block chain host node.
Further, after block chain link point collects all data of current slot, proof of work operation, block chain are carried out Node always searches for random number, by father block head cryptographic Hash, timestamp, Mei Keer tree roots value, difficulty desired value, random number Carry out Hash operation, so as to get Hash value be less than or equal to target cryptographic Hash, then find the random number of the condition of satisfaction at first Block chain node, obtain generate new block right.
Further, the new block of generation is broadcast to remaining block chain from node by block chain host node, and block chain is from section Point verifies new block, and replys verification result and digital signature to block chain host node, and block chain host node is collected back Again as a result, according to the principle that the minority is subordinate to the majority, if 51% block chain link point agrees with the block, block chain host node will be new Block and verification result are re-broadcast, remaining block chain stores new block from node.
There is each block timestamp and cryptographic Hash to be identified in the block chain, each block stores front one The cryptographic Hash of a block head, can realize the retrospect of historical data, data is avoided to be tampered.
The Architectural Equipment Internet of things system is an Agent system, and Internet of things node is regarded as private mortgage loan, is utilized Information exchange between multi-Agent and collaborative work completion task.Data sharing is carried out between Internet of things node, passes through Internet of Things Corresponding task is completed in collaboration, cooperation between node.
The block chain node executes intelligent contract and realizes that data sharing between intelligent terminal, intelligent contract define data Shared condition, is formulated by data set provider, such as Internet of things node A initiates asking for shared data to target block chain node Ask, the data of request Internet of things node B acquisition, target block chain node executes intelligent contract, according to constraints output as a result, Internet of things node A is sent to after data are encrypted, Internet of things node A is decrypted after receiving, and completes corresponding task.
As shown in Figure 1, the Architectural Equipment Internet of things system based on block chain technology, it includes Internet of things node, block chain Node, intelligent terminal and user terminal.
Intelligent terminal includes at least intelligent switch, intelligent socket, humiture lighting module, PM2.5/PM10 modules, CO/ CO2Module etc..The intelligent terminal installs corresponding electrical equipment and controls its break-make.
Internet of things node has the function of wireless Ad Hoc, is responsible for establishing wireless self-organization network, has gateway function, realizes The bi-directional data of wireless self-organization network and Ethernet forwards and protocol conversion, completes the encrypted transmission of data, complete paired data Analyzing processing.
Block chain node is reached common understanding by the common recognition mechanism of proof of work, generates block, distributed storage block chain Data complete the analyzing processing of data, carry out data interaction as Web server and user terminal, are stored in block chain node The whole whole block chain data of building.
User terminal and block chain link point carry out data interaction, the interior various environmental parameters of display building and equipment work shape State, electrical equipment connected to intelligent terminal control.
Establish the correspondence of block chain node and Internet of things node, 1 N number of Internet of things node of block chain node administration, 1 A Internet of Things net node is by M block chain node administration (wherein M>2), this specification with 1 Internet of Things net node by 3 blocks For chain node administration.When some block chain node hinders failure for some reason, remaining block chain node is completed at the same time and user terminal With the communication of Internet of things node, the reliability of communication has been ensured, simultaneity factor identifies the block chain node of failure in time, by managing PERSONNEL RECOVERY's block chain node.
In Internet of things node corresponds to M block chain node, 1 nearest block chain node of chosen distance Internet of things node For target block chain node, it is responsible for the communication of the Internet of things node and user terminal.
Data are encrypted and decrypted using asymmetric encryption techniques, user terminal, Internet of things node, block chain node It is first randomly generated private key with intelligent terminal, then private key is generated into public key by irreversible encryption function, public key discloses, and private key is protected It is close.
The identity of data sender is verified using digital signature in data transmission procedure and verification data has not It is tampered, data is generated into cryptographic Hash by Hash operation first, Hash operation is using double SHA256 hash functions, by data The cryptographic Hash that length is 32 bytes is obtained by Hash operation twice, then cryptographic Hash is generated into digital signature using private key encryption, Data and digital signature are sent together.
After recipient receives data, digital signature is decrypted using the private key of oneself, obtains the data encapsulated by cryptographic Hash, The cryptographic Hash that recipient recalculates instruction is compared with the cryptographic Hash that decryption digital signature obtains, and number is proved if consistent According to being not tampered with.
As shown in Fig. 2, the various parameters testing process of the Architectural Equipment Internet of things system based on block chain technology is as follows:
The Internet of things node uses master-slave communication mode with intelligent terminal, and Internet of things node is according to the preset time Period issues various environmental parameters and electrical equipment in the building in querying command to intelligent terminal acquisition building sometime Running state parameter.
First, the instruction for being sent to intelligent terminal is generated digital signature by Internet of things node using the private key of oneself, then is made Instruction and digital signature are encrypted with the public key of intelligent terminal, are issued to intelligent terminal.
After intelligent terminal receives encrypted instruction, data are decrypted using own private key, are instructed and digital signature, Authentication is carried out to Internet of things node by digital signature, and verifies whether instruction is tampered, verification executes after meeting the requirements Corresponding operating feeds back reply data packet, when other Internet of things node and intelligent terminal receive data, cannot be carried out to data Decryption, avoids leaking data, to control corresponding intelligent terminal, reduces the risk that internet of things equipment is invaded, and solves It has determined the problem of data safety of wireless sensor network.
Further, data to be sent are generated digital signature by intelligent terminal using the private key of Internet of things node, then are made Data sum number word signature is encrypted with the public key of Internet of things node, is above sent to Internet of things node.
Further, Internet of things node is decrypted after receiving the data of intelligent terminal with the private key of oneself, obtains number According to and data signature, Internet of things node by digital signature to intelligent terminal carry out authentication, then verify data content be It is no to be tampered, it is temporarily deposited in local data base if data fit requires, the data is abandoned if data are undesirable, Instruction is re-issued to intelligent terminal, intelligent terminal is again upper to be sent out.
After Internet of things node verify data meets the requirements, private key encryption is used to generate number label after data are generated cryptographic Hash Data and digital signature are sent to corresponding M block chain node by name.
Response is replied after the M block chain node verification data are errorless to Internet of things node, Internet of things node no longer on Hair, it is again upper to send out data if Internet of things node does not receive the response of block chain node at the appointed time, if upper hair again It is not still responded after three times, then it is assumed that the block chain node is abnormal, the no longer upper hair of Internet of things node.
Further, after the M block chain node receives, verification stores data in local data base after meeting the requirements In, for user to the real time inspection of data, when user terminal inquires data, order is broadcasted to all block chain nodes, Data are generated digital signature and carry out data encryption by target block chain node and are sent to the user terminal, after user terminal decryption It is shown.
Further, block chain node broadcasts the data sent out on Internet of things node, remaining block chain node receives Afterwards, digital signature being decrypted using the public key of Internet of things node, verify data correctly stores in the local database afterwards, and It is transmitted to next block chain node, the data is directly abandoned after authentication failed, is no longer forwarded.
Further, block chain node receives the data of remaining block chain node on one side, carries out proof of work on one side Operation, the node for being initially completed operation generate new block.
The content of new block includes block head and block body, and block head includes father's block head cryptographic Hash, Merkle tree root values, Timestamp, block size, difficulty desired value, random number.
Wherein, the generated time that new block is identified by timestamp adjusts block chain link point by adjusting difficulty desired value The time of new block is generated, block chain node recalculates Merkle tree roots value compared with the Merkle tree root values received, Verify the integrality and correctness of area's data in block.
Data content in block body is the data of intelligent terminal belonging to Internet of things node obtains, when data content format is Between stab, Internet of things node ID, intelligent terminal ID, parameter value.
The proof of work calculating process of the common recognition mechanism the specific steps are:
Block chain link point collects all data of current a period of time.
The Merkle roots for calculating all data are stored in block head.
The block head cryptographic Hash of a upper block is inserted in father's block cryptographic Hash of current block.
Obtain current difficulty desired value.
Current time is stored in the timestamp of current block.
The random number for the condition that meets is found, double SHA256 cryptographic Hash of current block head are calculated, if obtained Hash number Value is less than or equal to target cryptographic Hash, then has found the random number of the condition of satisfaction, complete proof of work operation, generated The right of new block.
Further, the block chain node of proof of work operation will be made first as the main section of this common recognition process Point, remaining is block chain from node, and making the block chain node of proof of work operation next time first becomes new host node, area The new block of generation is broadcast to remaining block chain from node by block chain host node, remaining block chain is verified from node.
Further, block chain completes the verification to new block from node, including just whether verification new district block data structure Really, whether verification random number meets difficulty desired value, and whether the data content verified in block is correct, verify and lacked in block Lose certain data.
Block chain host node collects verification result and digital signature of all block chains from node, when 51% block chain from Node verification passes through, and block chain host node broadcasts the block and all block chains from the verification result of node, remaining block again Chain stores new block after node reception.
As shown in figure 3, the Architectural Equipment Internet of things system electrical equipment control flow based on block chain technology is as follows:
First, after instruction is generated digital signature by user terminal using own private key encryption, instruction and digital signature is wide All block chain nodes are cast to, judge which Internet of things node be issued to after block chain node analysis instruction, by the Internet of Things The target block chain node of node issues instruction.
Internet of things node is decrypted using own private key after receiving and is instructed and digital signature, and user terminal is used Data signature is decrypted in public key, and whether the source and instruction for verifying instruction are tampered.
After Internet of things node verification instruction meets the requirements, instruction is generated number label by Internet of things node using own private key Instruction and digital signature is encrypted in name, the public key for reusing intelligent terminal, and encrypted instruction is issued to intelligent terminal.
Corresponding operating is executed after intelligent terminal decryption, response, the reply data packet warp of intelligent terminal are fed back after operating successfully Cross path feedback when being issued according to user terminal after encryption, first on be sent to affiliated Internet of things node, then on be sent to corresponding M Block chain node, by being sent to user terminal on target block chain node therein, indicating equipment operates successfully.Above-mentioned M block Chain node receives the action message of intelligent terminal feedback, and verification is broadcasted after meeting the requirements, will be electrical by knowing together mechanism The action event record storage of equipment is in block chain.
When user directly operates intelligent terminal, electrical equipment action message is first sent to Internet of Things after intelligent terminal action Net node, retransmits target block chain node corresponding to Internet of things node, then on be sent to user terminal, display equipment works shape State, block chain link point broadcast through common recognition mechanism the action event record storage of electrical equipment in block chain.
When target block chain nodes break down, system detects abnormal block chain node in time, by another area The order of user terminal is forwarded to Internet of things node by block chain node, then is issued to intelligent terminal.
Further, Architectural Equipment Internet of things system is an Agent system, and Internet of things node is regarded as individual Agent utilizes the information exchange and collaborative work completion task between multi-Agent.Internet of things node can be independently into row information It handles and makes decisions, while information exchange and data sharing are carried out with other Internet of things node, by between Internet of things node Collaboration, cooperation complete corresponding task.
Data sharing between Internet of things node is executed by executing intelligent contract, and intelligent contract is with the shape of program code Formula is stored in the block of block chain node, and access consideration is arranged by data set provider, is stored in the block chain of block chain node Multiple intelligent contracts, improve the transparence degree of data sharing.
When Internet of things node A request stores the data that Internet of things node B is acquired on block chain, Internet of things node A to Target block chain node sends out shared data request, and target block chain node executes intelligent contract, and whether verification Internet of things node A Meet the condition of Internet of things node B settings, whether access consideration includes Internet of things node A in the shared ranges of Internet of things node B Whether interior, timeliness meets the requirements.For target block chain node according to access constraints output with conditions data, target block chain node will Internet of things node A is sent to after data encryption, A is decrypted after Internet of things node receives, and completes corresponding task.
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiments of the application, are not intended to limit this application, for the skill of this field For art personnel, the application can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles of this application, any made by repair Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the protection domain of the application.
Above-mentioned, although the foregoing specific embodiments of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, not protects model to the present invention The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not Need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of Architectural Equipment Internet of things system based on block chain technology, it is characterized in that:Including several Internet of things node, several Block chain node, several intelligent terminals and several user terminals, wherein:
The user terminal and block chain link point carry out data interaction, the interior various environmental parameters of display building and equipment work shape State, electrical equipment connected to intelligent terminal control;
The intelligent terminal includes at least intelligent switch, intelligent socket, humiture lighting module, CO2/ CO detection modules and PM2.5/PM10 detection modules install corresponding electrical equipment and control its break-make;
The Internet of things node is configured with wireless Ad Hoc function, establishes wireless self-organization network, has gateway work( Can, it realizes the bi-directional data forwarding and protocol conversion of wireless self-organization network and Ethernet, completes the encrypted transmission of data, complete Analyzing processing to data;
The block chain node is configured as generating block by common recognition mechanism, be verified to block, memory block chain number According to data progress analyzing processing, as Web server and user terminal communication, the mode for executing intelligent contract realizes data It is shared.
2. a kind of Architectural Equipment Internet of things system based on block chain technology as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that:The object Use twireless radio-frequency communication between networked node and intelligent terminal, block chain node and Internet of things node by ethernet communication, User terminal is communicated with block chain node by WiFi, GPRS or 3G network.
3. a kind of Architectural Equipment Internet of things system based on block chain technology as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that:The area Digital signature is generated to data using rivest, shamir, adelman between block chain node and Internet of things node and carries out data encryption, it is non- Symmetric encipherment algorithm is made of private key and public key, when using public key encryption, is decrypted using corresponding private key, using private key plus It when close, is decrypted using corresponding public key, whether digital signature is tampered to the reality and data of verify data, number Make data can only determined recipient's reception according to encryption.
4. a kind of Architectural Equipment Internet of things system based on block chain technology as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that:Establish area The correspondence of block chain node and Internet of things node, each N number of Internet of things node of block chain node administration, each Internet of things node By M block chain node administration, wherein M>2, when some block chain node hinders failure for some reason, remaining block chain node is complete simultaneously At the communication with user terminal and Internet of things node, in an Internet of things node corresponds to M block chain node, chosen distance object 1 nearest block chain node of networked node is target block chain node, is responsible for the communication of the Internet of things node and user terminal.
5. a kind of Architectural Equipment Internet of things system based on block chain technology as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that:Internet of Things After node obtains the data of intelligent terminal, it is uploaded to corresponding M block chain node, by the corresponding target block of Internet of things node Chain node sends data to user terminal, while M block chain node broadcasts information, is reached common understanding by common recognition mechanism New block is generated, is stored data in block chain.
6. a kind of Architectural Equipment Internet of things system based on block chain technology as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that:The area Reached common understanding by the common recognition mechanism of proof of work between block chain node, block chain link point collects all data of current slot Afterwards, proof of work operation is carried out, block chain node always searches for random number, by father block head cryptographic Hash, timestamp, plum Ke Er tree roots value, difficulty desired value and random number carry out Hash operation, so as to get Hash value be less than or equal to target Hash Value then finds the block chain node of the random number of the condition of satisfaction at first, obtains the right for generating new block, becomes and this time knew together The host node of journey, remaining block chain from node verify the block of unified memory block chain host node generation, ensure data Consistency, being initially completed the block chain node of proof of work operation next time becomes new block chain host node.
7. a kind of Architectural Equipment Internet of things system based on block chain technology as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that:The area The new block of generation is broadcast to remaining block chain from node by block chain host node, and block chain verifies new block from node, And verification result and digital signature are replied to block chain host node, block chain host node, which is collected, replys as a result, being obeyed according to minority Most principle, if it exceeds the block chain link point of setting value agrees with the block, block chain host node to tie new block and verification Fruit re-broadcasts, remaining block chain stores new block from node.
8. a kind of Architectural Equipment Internet of things system based on block chain technology as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that:It is described to build It is an Agent system to build equipment Internet of things system, and Internet of things node is regarded as private mortgage loan, using between multi-Agent Information exchange and collaborative work completion task;
Internet of things node can independently carry out information processing and make decisions, while carry out information exchange with other Internet of things node And data sharing, corresponding task is completed by collaboration, the cooperation between Internet of things node;Block chain node executes intelligent contract Data sharing between realization Internet of things node, intelligent contract define the condition of data sharing, are formulated by data set provider, target Block chain node executes intelligent contract, is exported according to constraints as a result, being sent to certain Internet of Things section after data are encrypted Point, the Internet of things node are decrypted after receiving, and complete corresponding task.
9. based on the working method of the system as described in any one of claim 1-8, it is characterized in that:Include the following steps:
When user terminal obtains the parameter of intelligent terminal detection, each Internet of things node uses master-slave communication side with intelligent terminal Formula, Internet of things node issue querying command to corresponding intelligent terminal according to the preset time cycle, obtain certain in building Humiture photometric data, PM2.5/PM10 data, CO in the building at a moment2Various environmental parameters such as/CO data and electrical Equipment running status parameter;
After Internet of things node obtains the data of intelligent terminal acquisition, data and digital signature are sent to corresponding M block chain Node stores in the local database when block chain node verification data fit requires, is convenient for user terminal real time inspection data, When user terminal inquires data, by order broadcast to all block chain nodes, sent data to by target block chain node User terminal, while being carried out by above-mentioned M block chain link point being broadcast to remaining block chain node, pass through the mechanism of common recognition and generates new district Block stores data in new block;
When user terminal controls intelligent terminal, user terminal will instruct and be sent to all block chain nodes, area with the forms of broadcasting Judge which Internet of things node be issued to after block chain node analysis instruction, it will by the target block chain node of the Internet of things node Instruction issues, Internet of things node receive after under send instructions to intelligent terminal;
Feedback action information after intelligent terminal runs succeeded, Internet of things node is uploaded to corresponding M block chain node, by target Block chain node will send to user terminal indicating equipment in action message and operate successfully, while M block chain node believes action Breath is broadcasted, and is reached common understanding by common recognition mechanism, electrical equipment operation logout is stored in new block.
10. working method as described in claim 9, it is characterized in that:The content of new block includes block head and block body, area Build includes father's block head cryptographic Hash, Merkle tree roots value, timestamp, block size, difficulty desired value and random number, In, the generated time of new block is identified by timestamp, the retrospect of historical data can be realized, by adjusting difficulty desired value tune Save the time that block chain node generates new block, the Merkle trees that block chain node recalculates Merkle tree roots value and receives Root compares, and verifies the integrality and correctness of area's data in block, data is avoided to be tampered;
Data content in block body is the data of intelligent terminal belonging to Internet of things node obtains, and data content format is timestamp With Internet of things node ID, intelligent terminal ID and parameter value.
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CN114826617A (en) * 2022-04-29 2022-07-29 西北工业大学 Industrial Internet of things terminal system design and data verification method and hardware acceleration device
CN115333756A (en) * 2022-10-17 2022-11-11 安徽中科晶格技术有限公司 Internet of things equipment scheduling method, system and equipment based on intelligent contract

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