CN108625170A - 一种纺织品整理剂的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种纺织品整理剂的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108625170A
CN108625170A CN201810518798.7A CN201810518798A CN108625170A CN 108625170 A CN108625170 A CN 108625170A CN 201810518798 A CN201810518798 A CN 201810518798A CN 108625170 A CN108625170 A CN 108625170A
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袁杰
陈炎
刘红妹
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种纺织品整理剂的制备方法,属于化工领域。本发明以卡波姆分散液为增稠剂和糖蛋白水解液作用,卡波姆分子可与糖蛋白中寡糖链上的糖残基形成氢键,产生较强的粘液凝胶网络结构,起到增稠作用,从而使产品稳定性得到进一步提升,另外,卡波姆分子结构中含有大量羧基,羧基部分被中和后,呈可使羧基离子化,由于负电荷的相互排斥作用,使卡波姆分子弥散伸展,成膨胀状态,从而实现对体系内部三维网络结构形成物理性交叉缠结,同时,负电荷的羧基可屏蔽部分壳聚糖分子结构中的正电荷,避免对纺织品纤维的过分渗透,更加稳定地提供粘结力,提高耐洗性。本发明解决了目前常用纺织品整理剂的抑菌耐洗性不强的问题。

Description

一种纺织品整理剂的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于化工领域,具体涉及一种纺织品整理剂的制备方法。
背景技术
纺织品的功能整理是为了满足纺织品的某些特殊使用要求而赋予纺织物优良的使用、安全、外观等性能的特殊整理加工方法。纺织品的功能性整理剂则是随化学、生物医学、高分子复合材料学、光化学、热力学、电学、生态学等多学科技术的发展而发展起来的一类产品。由于纺织品的功能整理是针对纺织品某些特定的性能的,因而目的性强,效果好,产品的附加值也高。纺织品经功能性整理后,其使用目的和范围明确,也深受消费者欢迎。据统计,世界功能纺织品的需求量超过500亿米,我国功能纺织品的需求量近50亿米。纺织加工和整理用化学品的世界需求量每年增加4.2%,年销售额现已达数百亿美元。从发展来看,功能性纺织品的整理内容和应用范围还在不断扩大,正逐渐渗透到普通产品的生产与整理过程中。织物的抗菌、抗紫外线功能整理以有机物为主,目前利用溶胶-凝胶技术制备TiO2/ZnO及掺Ag+复合水溶胶可以作为抗菌功能的整理剂,但其抗菌耐洗性仅能达到10次。因此,生产一种抑菌耐洗性更强的整理剂有很大的市场需求。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题:针对目前常用纺织品整理剂的抑菌耐洗性不强的问题,提供一种纺织品整理剂的制备方法。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用如下所述的技术方案是:
一种纺织品整理剂的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)按质量比为1:10取壳聚糖和碳酸钠溶液混合搅拌,静置2~3h,于70~80℃,混合搅拌,冷却,得壳聚糖液,取壳聚糖液加入壳聚糖液质量2%的壳聚糖酶,于温度为28~35℃,搅拌反应,灭酶处理,冷却,得料液,取料液按质量比1:3~4加入H2O2,混合均匀,浸泡2~3h,得浸泡液;
(2)取浸泡液进行γ射线辐射处理,得辐射物,取辐射物旋转蒸发,真空干燥至原体积的30~40%,得小分子壳聚糖液,于30~40℃,取小分子壳聚糖液按质量比2:4~5加入柠檬酸钠混合2~3h,再升温至60~70℃静置2~3h,调节pH,过滤,取滤渣干燥,得干燥物,备用;
(3)取野生蓝莓,清洗,干燥,捣碎,得果浆,取果浆按质量比1:3~5加入乙醇溶液,浸泡2~3h,离心处理,过滤,取滤液离心20~25min,静置10~15min,取上清液,得蓝莓成分液;
(4)于40~60℃,按质量比1:2~4:6~8取聚丙烯酰氧基乙基二甲基苯基氯化铵、丙烯酰胺、氯化钠溶液混合,搅拌1~2h,得乳化共聚物;
(5)按质量份数计,取30~50份步骤(2)中备用的干燥物、50~70份水、8~15份乳化共聚物、6~12份表面活性剂搅拌混合,再依次加入18~25份蓝莓成分液、5~10份增稠剂、20~25份糖蛋白水解液,剪切分散,即得纺织品整理剂。
所述步骤(5)中的表面活性剂:按质量比1:1取月桂醇聚醚硫酸酯钠和十二烷基苯磺酸钠混合,即得表面活性剂。
所述步骤(5)中的增稠剂:按质量比1:50~80:0.5取卡波姆、水、聚异丙二烯混合均匀,即得增稠剂。
所述步骤(5)中的糖蛋白水解液:按质量份数计,取30~55份猪血清蛋白,0.1~0.4份胰蛋白酶,100~200份水,于25~30℃搅拌酶解40~60min,经90~110℃灭酶15~20min,得糖蛋白水解液。
本发明与其他方法相比,有益技术效果是:
(1)本发明以壳聚糖为原料,经碱溶、酶解、氧化、辐射等处理,使得壳聚糖分子量减小,在水中更好的分散,且活性基团得到充分暴露,在使用过程中,更容易携带蓝莓成分液进入织物纤维内部,配合自生的抑菌性能,可持久抑菌,壳聚糖分子结构中的氨基在水溶液中呈正电荷,可与带负电荷的织物纤维表面因异种电荷而相互吸引,从而作为抑菌成分的载体,将抑菌成分固定于织物纤维表面,经干燥后,可以保障糊料对织物具有良好的粘附力而不至于龟裂脱落,体系中乳化共聚物的制备及加入,可与小分子壳聚糖在织物表面形成交联网络,使体系内部三维网络结构的构筑单元比表面积增大,表面张力也随之增大,从而提高体系内部对油和水的限制作用,使体系内部可固定的油、水两相也越多,产品的性能更将稳定,最终实现产品稳定性的提升,避免发生相分离,提高耐洗性;
(2)本发明以卡波姆分散液为增稠剂和糖蛋白水解液作用,卡波姆分子可与糖蛋白中寡糖链上的糖残基形成氢键,产生较强的粘液凝胶网络结构,起到增稠作用,从而使产品稳定性得到进一步提升,另外,卡波姆分子结构中含有大量羧基,羧基部分被中和后,呈可使羧基离子化,由于负电荷的相互排斥作用,使卡波姆分子弥散伸展,成膨胀状态,从而实现对体系内部三维网络结构形成物理性交叉缠结,同时,负电荷的羧基可屏蔽部分壳聚糖分子结构中的正电荷,避免对纺织品纤维的过分渗透,更加稳定地提供粘结力,提高耐洗性。
具体实施方式
表面活性剂:按质量比1:1取月桂醇聚醚硫酸酯钠和十二烷基苯磺酸钠混合,即得表面活性剂。
增稠剂:按质量比1:50~80:0.5取卡波姆、水、聚异丙二烯混合均匀,即得增稠剂。
糖蛋白水解液:按质量份数计,取30~55份猪血清蛋白,0.1~0.4份胰蛋白酶,100~200份水,于25~30℃搅拌酶解40~60min,经90~110℃灭酶15~20min,得糖蛋白水解液。
一种纺织品整理剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)按质量比为1:10取壳聚糖和质量分数为20%的碳酸钠溶液混合,以220~250r/min搅拌30~40min,室温下静置2~3h,后于70~80℃,以300~350r/min转速,搅拌45~60min,冷却至室温,得壳聚糖液,取壳聚糖液加入壳聚糖液质量2%的壳聚糖酶,于温度为28~35℃,以400~450r/min搅拌反应2~3h后,于85~100℃下灭酶处理15~20min,自然冷却至室温,得料液,取料液按质量比1:3~4加入质量分数为25%的H2O2溶液,混合均匀,浸泡2~3h,得浸泡液;
(2)取浸泡液进行γ射线辐射处理10~15min,得辐射物,取辐射物旋转蒸发,真空干燥至原体积的30~40%,得小分子壳聚糖液,于水浴30~40℃,取小分子壳聚糖液按质量比2:4~5加入柠檬酸钠混合2~3h,再升温至60~70℃静置2~3h,用Tris-HCl 缓冲液调pH至7~7.5,过滤,取滤渣于75~85℃烘箱干燥,得干燥物,备用;
(3)取野生蓝莓,清洗,干燥,放于组织破碎机进行捣碎,得果浆,取果浆按质量比1:3~5加入体积分数为70%的乙醇溶液,浸泡2~3h,以2500~3500r/min离心处理15~20min,过滤,取滤液以3000~3500r/min离心20~25min,静置10~15min,取上清液,得蓝莓成分液;
(4)于水浴40~60℃,按质量比1:2~4:6~8取聚丙烯酰氧基乙基二甲基苯基氯化铵、丙烯酰胺、质量份数为20%的氯化钠溶液混合,以300~350r/min搅拌1~2h,得乳化共聚物;
(5)按质量份数计,取30~50份步骤(2)中备用的干燥物、50~70份水、8~15份乳化共聚物、6~12份表面活性剂倒入混料机中,搅拌混合后再依次加入18~25份蓝莓成分液、5~10份增稠剂、20~25份糖蛋白水解液,剪切分散,即得纺织品整理剂。
实施例1
表面活性剂:按质量比1:1取月桂醇聚醚硫酸酯钠和十二烷基苯磺酸钠混合,即得表面活性剂。
增稠剂:按质量比1:50:0.5取卡波姆、水、聚异丙二烯混合均匀,即得增稠剂。
糖蛋白水解液:按质量份数计,取30份猪血清蛋白,0.1份胰蛋白酶,100份水,于25℃搅拌酶解40min,经90℃灭酶15min,得糖蛋白水解液。
一种纺织品整理剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)按质量比为1:10取壳聚糖和质量分数为20%的碳酸钠溶液混合,以220r/min搅拌30min,室温下静置2h,后于70℃,以300r/min转速,搅拌45min,冷却至室温,得壳聚糖液,取壳聚糖液加入壳聚糖液质量2%的壳聚糖酶,于温度为28℃,以400r/min搅拌反应2h后,于85℃下灭酶处理15min,自然冷却至室温,得料液,取料液按质量比1:3加入质量分数为25%的H2O2溶液,混合均匀,浸泡2h,得浸泡液;
(2)取浸泡液进行γ射线辐射处理10min,得辐射物,取辐射物旋转蒸发,真空干燥至原体积的30%,得小分子壳聚糖液,于水浴30℃,取小分子壳聚糖液按质量比2:4加入柠檬酸钠混合2h,再升温至60℃静置2h,用Tris-HCl 缓冲液调pH至7,过滤,取滤渣于75℃烘箱干燥,得干燥物,备用;
(3)取野生蓝莓,清洗,干燥,放于组织破碎机进行捣碎,得果浆,取果浆按质量比1:3加入体积分数为70%的乙醇溶液,浸泡2h,以2500r/min离心处理15min,过滤,取滤液以3000r/min离心20min,静置10min,取上清液,得蓝莓成分液;
(4)于水浴40℃,按质量比1:2:6取聚丙烯酰氧基乙基二甲基苯基氯化铵、丙烯酰胺、质量份数为20%的氯化钠溶液混合,以300r/min搅拌1h,得乳化共聚物;
(5)按质量份数计,取30份步骤(2)中备用的干燥物、50份水、8份乳化共聚物、6份表面活性剂倒入混料机中,搅拌混合后再依次加入18份蓝莓成分液、5份增稠剂、20份糖蛋白水解液,剪切分散,即得纺织品整理剂。
实施例2
表面活性剂:按质量比1:1取月桂醇聚醚硫酸酯钠和十二烷基苯磺酸钠混合,即得表面活性剂。
增稠剂:按质量比1:80:0.5取卡波姆、水、聚异丙二烯混合均匀,即得增稠剂。
糖蛋白水解液:按质量份数计,取55份猪血清蛋白,0.4份胰蛋白酶,200份水,于30℃搅拌酶解60min,经110℃灭酶20min,得糖蛋白水解液。
一种纺织品整理剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)按质量比为1:10取壳聚糖和质量分数为20%的碳酸钠溶液混合,以250r/min搅拌40min,室温下静置3h,后于80℃,以350r/min转速,搅拌60min,冷却至室温,得壳聚糖液,取壳聚糖液加入壳聚糖液质量2%的壳聚糖酶,于温度为35℃,以450r/min搅拌反应3h后,于100℃下灭酶处理20min,自然冷却至室温,得料液,取料液按质量比1:4加入质量分数为25%的H2O2溶液,混合均匀,浸泡3h,得浸泡液;
(2)取浸泡液进行γ射线辐射处理15min,得辐射物,取辐射物旋转蒸发,真空干燥至原体积的40%,得小分子壳聚糖液,于水浴40℃,取小分子壳聚糖液按质量比2:5加入柠檬酸钠混合3h,再升温至70℃静置3h,用Tris-HCl 缓冲液调pH至7.5,过滤,取滤渣于85℃烘箱干燥,得干燥物,备用;
(3)取野生蓝莓,清洗,干燥,放于组织破碎机进行捣碎,得果浆,取果浆按质量比1:5加入体积分数为70%的乙醇溶液,浸泡3h,以3500r/min离心处理20min,过滤,取滤液以3500r/min离心25min,静置15min,取上清液,得蓝莓成分液;
(4)于水浴60℃,按质量比1:4:8取聚丙烯酰氧基乙基二甲基苯基氯化铵、丙烯酰胺、质量份数为20%的氯化钠溶液混合,以350r/min搅拌2h,得乳化共聚物;
(5)按质量份数计,取50份步骤(2)中备用的干燥物、70份水、15份乳化共聚物、12份表面活性剂倒入混料机中,搅拌混合后再依次加入25份蓝莓成分液、10份增稠剂、25份糖蛋白水解液,剪切分散,即得纺织品整理剂。
实施例3
表面活性剂:按质量比1:1取月桂醇聚醚硫酸酯钠和十二烷基苯磺酸钠混合,即得表面活性剂。
增稠剂:按质量比1:65:0.5取卡波姆、水、聚异丙二烯混合均匀,即得增稠剂。
糖蛋白水解液:按质量份数计,取42份猪血清蛋白,0.3份胰蛋白酶,150份水,于27℃搅拌酶解50min,经100℃灭酶17min,得糖蛋白水解液。
一种纺织品整理剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)按质量比为1:10取壳聚糖和质量分数为20%的碳酸钠溶液混合,以235r/min搅拌35min,室温下静置2h,后于75℃,以325r/min转速,搅拌52min,冷却至室温,得壳聚糖液,取壳聚糖液加入壳聚糖液质量2%的壳聚糖酶,于温度为31℃,以425r/min搅拌反应2h后,于92℃下灭酶处理17min,自然冷却至室温,得料液,取料液按质量比1:3加入质量分数为25%的H2O2溶液,混合均匀,浸泡2h,得浸泡液;
(2)取浸泡液进行γ射线辐射处理13min,得辐射物,取辐射物旋转蒸发,真空干燥至原体积的35%,得小分子壳聚糖液,于水浴35℃,取小分子壳聚糖液按质量比2:4加入柠檬酸钠混合2h,再升温至65℃静置2h,用Tris-HCl 缓冲液调pH至7,过滤,取滤渣于80℃烘箱干燥,得干燥物,备用;
(3)取野生蓝莓,清洗,干燥,放于组织破碎机进行捣碎,得果浆,取果浆按质量比1:4加入体积分数为70%的乙醇溶液,浸泡2h,以3000r/min离心处理17min,过滤,取滤液以3250r/min离心23min,静置13min,取上清液,得蓝莓成分液;
(4)于水浴50℃,按质量比1:3:7取聚丙烯酰氧基乙基二甲基苯基氯化铵、丙烯酰胺、质量份数为20%的氯化钠溶液混合,以325r/min搅拌1h,得乳化共聚物;
(5)按质量份数计,取40份步骤(2)中备用的干燥物、60份水、11份乳化共聚物、9份表面活性剂倒入混料机中,搅拌混合后再依次加入21份蓝莓成分液、7份增稠剂、23份糖蛋白水解液,剪切分散,即得纺织品整理剂。
对比例:温州市某公司生产的纺织品整理剂。
根据国家纺织行业抗菌标准FZ/T01021-92对整理后的织物进行抑菌测试,测试了织物的抗菌耐洗性。整理后棉织物的性能测试结果如表1所示。
表1:
测试项目 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 对比例
无光条件抑菌率(%) 99.2 99.4 99.2 80.5~82.3
抗菌耐洗性(次) 56 58 58 9~13
综合上述,本发明的整理剂使用后对织物的抗菌耐洗性效果更好,值得推广。

Claims (4)

1.一种纺织品整理剂的制备方法,其特征在于,该制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)按质量比为1:10取壳聚糖和碳酸钠溶液混合搅拌,静置2~3h,于70~80℃,混合搅拌,冷却,得壳聚糖液,取壳聚糖液加入壳聚糖液质量2%的壳聚糖酶,于温度为28~35℃,搅拌反应,灭酶处理,冷却,得料液,取料液按质量比1:3~4加入H2O2,混合均匀,浸泡2~3h,得浸泡液;
(2)取浸泡液进行γ射线辐射处理,得辐射物,取辐射物旋转蒸发,真空干燥至原体积的30~40%,得小分子壳聚糖液,于30~40℃,取小分子壳聚糖液按质量比2:4~5加入柠檬酸钠混合2~3h,再升温至60~70℃静置2~3h,调节pH,过滤,取滤渣干燥,得干燥物,备用;
(3)取野生蓝莓,清洗,干燥,捣碎,得果浆,取果浆按质量比1:3~5加入乙醇溶液,浸泡2~3h,离心处理,过滤,取滤液离心20~25min,静置10~15min,取上清液,得蓝莓成分液;
(4)于40~60℃,按质量比1:2~4:6~8取聚丙烯酰氧基乙基二甲基苯基氯化铵、丙烯酰胺、氯化钠溶液混合,搅拌1~2h,得乳化共聚物;
(5)按质量份数计,取30~50份步骤(2)中备用的干燥物、50~70份水、8~15份乳化共聚物、6~12份表面活性剂搅拌混合,再依次加入18~25份蓝莓成分液、5~10份增稠剂、20~25份糖蛋白水解液,剪切分散,即得纺织品整理剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述纺织品整理剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(5)中的表面活性剂:按质量比1:1取月桂醇聚醚硫酸酯钠和十二烷基苯磺酸钠混合,即得表面活性剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述纺织品整理剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(5)中的增稠剂:按质量比1:50~80:0.5取卡波姆、水、聚异丙二烯混合均匀,即得增稠剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述纺织品整理剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(5)中的糖蛋白水解液:按质量份数计,取30~55份猪血清蛋白,0.1~0.4份胰蛋白酶,100~200份水,于25~30℃搅拌酶解40~60min,经90~110℃灭酶15~20min,得糖蛋白水解液。
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