CN108614920B - Method for determining simultaneous coefficient of local air exhaust of multiple devices - Google Patents
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Abstract
A method for determining the coefficient of local air discharge of multiple devices in an industrial workshop simultaneously comprises the following steps: (1) defining the pollution emission characteristics of each device; (2) assigning an initial value to the initial working condition of pollution emission of each device; (3) counting the pollution emission simultaneous coefficient at each moment of infinite long-time subsequent operation; (4) and repeating the steps (2) and (3), changing the initial value to carry out statistics, thereby obtaining the simultaneous coefficient and the corresponding time probability of the multiple devices, further obtaining the design simultaneous coefficient of the centralized air exhaust of the system, being convenient for the design of the centralized air exhaust system of the multiple devices, being capable of minimizing the design air volume of the centralized air exhaust system of the multiple devices, further realizing the air exhaust according to the requirement, realizing the low air volume and high concentration discharge of pollutants, and having strong applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ventilation, and relates to a method for determining local air exhaust simultaneous coefficients of multiple devices.
Background
The industrial industry is the main part of energy consumption, in China, industrial energy consumption accounts for nearly 70% of total social energy consumption, and ventilation and purification energy consumption accounts for 25% of the total social energy consumption, and becomes the key cost of part of factory production. In order to reduce the energy consumption of industrial ventilation, a fine design of industrial ventilation is urgently needed. Meanwhile, research shows that in the industrial production process, single-source stable and continuous emission is realized in a few scenes, and multi-source intermittent emission is mostly realized, such as the pollution emission process of multi-station, multi-equipment and multi-process like welding, casting, tire, polishing, medicine, paint spraying, laboratories, aluminum electrolysis and the like. For the production process, the centralized exhaust collection of pollutants has remarkable advantages, but if the ventilation is designed according to the superposition of the peak values of required air volume emitted by the conventional single source, unnecessary fan energy consumption and air duct waste can be caused, and great burden is brought to the subsequent purification investment and operation. In view of the industrial production process, the design idea of adopting ventilation according to needs is provided, each device, namely each pollution emission source is provided with a local exhaust hood, and the exhaust hood is opened and closed according to needs according to whether the emission source emits pollution or not. According to the design concept, the total exhaust air volume of the system is the product of the air volume required by a single exhaust hood and the number (design simultaneous coefficient) of the operating exhaust hoods. The opening and closing of the exhaust hood is related to whether the equipment emits pollution or not, whether the equipment emits the pollution or not is random, and the coefficient is difficult to accurately obtain the simultaneous coefficient of a plurality of pieces of equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for determining the coefficient of local exhaust of multiple devices at the same time, in particular to a method which can be used in an industrial workshop to facilitate the fine design of the exhaust of the multiple devices in the industrial workshop, thereby achieving the effect of emission reduction.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a calculation method of simultaneous coefficients based on the centralized air exhaust design of a plurality of devices, and achieves the purposes of refining and minimizing air exhaust, and in order to introduce the content of the invention in detail, related terms are explained or defined firstly:
the pollution emission duration time, which is the time for which the pollution is continuously emitted in one production period of the equipment;
the pollution emission-free duration time and the pollution emission-free time in one production period of the equipment;
the coefficient is the ratio of the number of the polluted devices to the total number of the polluted devices at the same time;
and designing a simultaneous coefficient which is finally used as the simultaneous coefficient of the total air volume design of the system.
In particular embodiments, wherein the pollution emissions source should have the following characteristics: let each pollution emission source be a variable X, and if there are n pollution sources, there is X1……Xi……XnN variables are equal; each X has two basic states, namely emission and non-emission, noted as 0 (no emission) and 1 (emission); the respective duration of each X in the 0 state and the 1 state is determined by different work species and different source characteristics; each X is continuously and alternately circulated between 0 and 1 (without considering special working conditions such as maintenance and the like);
in a specific embodiment, wherein the calculation of simultaneous coefficients comprises the steps of:
the first step is as follows: subdividing 0 and 1 states of each X according to duration, if the emission duration is Pmin and the non-emission duration is Qmin, setting a state according to 1min, subdividing P substates in the 1 state, and subdividing Q substates under the 0 state;
the second step is that: according to the on-site condition investigation and survey of the multi-pollution-source workshop, determining m pollution sources (m is less than or equal to n) in the same sub-state under the condition that the pollution sources are maximally and simultaneously in the state 1;
the third step: carrying out initial assignment on the initial state of the equipment starting, namely putting n pollution sources into P + Q states, wherein each sub-state can not exceed m pollution sources, and sharing the pollution sources according to a mathematical permutation and combination model
A method of seeding wherein
In the case of this calculation model, it is,
represents all cases where n contamination sources are put into P + Q states;
means for indicating that the number of contamination sources in all specified states is greater than n;
means for indicating that the number of contamination sources in all specified 2 states is greater than n; and so on.
Because the number is large, the method proposes to introduce a random function, randomly generate a plurality of different initial states, and calculate the number of the pollution sources in each sub-state, so that the maximum number of the pollution sources in the state 1 is counted and used as the simultaneous coefficient of local exhaust of a plurality of devices.
Finally, each simultaneous coefficient corresponds to a time ratio, and the simultaneous coefficient of the system design can be determined through the value of the uncertainty of the system design.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method for determining the local air exhaust simultaneous coefficient of the multiple devices can be used for determining the local air exhaust simultaneous coefficient of the multiple devices in an industrial workshop, is convenient for the design of a multiple-device centralized air exhaust system, and can minimize the design air volume of the multiple-device centralized air exhaust system, so that air exhaust as required is realized, low air volume and high-concentration emission of pollutants are realized, and the method has strong applicability.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
The invention provides a calculation method of simultaneous coefficients based on the centralized air exhaust design of a plurality of devices, and achieves the purposes of refining and minimizing air exhaust, and in order to introduce the content of the invention in detail, related terms are explained or defined firstly:
the pollution emission duration time, which is the time for which the pollution is continuously emitted in one production period of the equipment;
the pollution emission-free duration time and the pollution emission-free time in one production period of the equipment;
the coefficient is the ratio of the number of the polluted devices to the total number of the polluted devices at the same time;
and designing a simultaneous coefficient which is finally used as the simultaneous coefficient of the total air volume design of the system.
In particular embodiments, wherein the pollution emissions source should have the following characteristics: let each pollution emission source be a variable X, and if there are n pollution sources, there is X1……Xi……XnN variables are equal; each X has two basic states, namely emission and non-emission, noted as 0 (no emission) and 1 (emission); the respective duration of each X in the 0 state and the 1 state is determined by different work species and different source characteristics; each X is continuously and alternately circulated between 0 and 1 (without considering special working conditions such as maintenance and the like);
in a specific embodiment, wherein the calculation of simultaneous coefficients comprises the steps of:
the first step is as follows: subdividing 0 and 1 states of each X according to duration, if the emission duration is Pmin and the non-emission duration is Qmin, setting a state according to 1min, subdividing P substates in the 1 state, and subdividing Q substates under the 0 state;
the second step is that: according to the on-site condition investigation and survey of the multi-pollution-source workshop, determining m pollution sources (m is less than or equal to n) in the same sub-state under the condition that the pollution sources are maximally and simultaneously in the state 1;
the third step: carrying out initial assignment on the initial state of the equipment starting, namely putting n pollution sources into P + Q states, wherein each sub-state can not exceed m pollution sources, and sharing the pollution sources according to mathematical statistics
A method of seeding wherein
In the case of this calculation model, it is,
represents all cases where n contamination sources are put into P + Q states;
means for indicating that the number of contamination sources in all specified states is greater than n;
means for indicating that the number of contamination sources in all specified 2 states is greater than n; and so on.
Because the number is large, the method proposes to introduce a random function, randomly generate a plurality of different initial states, and calculate the number of the pollution sources in each sub-state, so that the maximum number of the pollution sources in the state 1 is counted and used as the simultaneous coefficient of local exhaust of a plurality of devices.
The fourth step: each simultaneous coefficient corresponds to a time ratio, and the system design simultaneous coefficient can be determined through the non-guaranteed rate value of the system design.
The system design simultaneous coefficient refers to: the ratio of the number of devices that are taken to emit pollution to the total number of devices is weighted by calculation or after scheduling, and is a design value; the system design non-guaranteed rate is as follows: after the coefficient of the system design synchronization is determined, a part of time still exists, the ratio of the number of the system to the total number is larger than the design value, and the non-guarantee rate represents the ratio of the part of time to the total operation time.
Because the corresponding relation of the simultaneous coefficient and the time ratio is presented after the random initialization and calculation are carried out in the third step, the simultaneous coefficient of the system design can be selected according to the acceptable non-guarantee rate of a certain project.
The specific embodiment is a rubber vulcanization workshop, and each vulcanization device in the workshop independently carries out production activities. The working flow of the vulcanizing equipment is as follows: opening the mold, and placing a green tire into the front manipulator; closing the mold and vulcanizing for about 13 min; opening the mold after vulcanization, taking out the vulcanized tire by a mechanical arm, and putting the tire into a green tire for about 1 min; and (4) the mold opening is carried out, and the emission of the vulcanized flue gas is started at the moment, and the emission duration is about 5-8 min. The invention relates to a method for determining the simultaneous coefficient of local exhaust, which designs a centralized flue gas collecting system for efficiently collecting vulcanized flue gas.
Step 1: each vulcanizing device is a pollution emission source, all the pollution emission sources are consistent, and 14 pollution emission sources are provided in total. The emission duration of each pollution emission source is 7min (taking a larger value), the non-emission duration is 7min, the total time is 14min, and the pollution emission sources are divided into 14 sub-states; defining the equipment to be in a diffusion state when the equipment is in 1min, 2min and … … 7min, and exhausting air at the moment; when the equipment is in 8min, 9min and … … 14min, the equipment is in a non-dispersed state, and the exhaust air is closed at the moment. Each device is continuously circulated in the state of 1-14-1 son.
Step 2: according to the field survey, only 4 operators exist in one vulcanizing line, namely the number of the vulcanizing devices which are opened at the same time is not more than 4 within a certain sub-state (1 min).
And step 3: the initial assignment is made to the initial state of the device at the initial stage of opening, that is, 14 pollution sources are put into 14 states, and each sub-state cannot exceed 4, and there are 133311000 arrangements.
The invention provides a method for randomly generating different initial states by introducing a random function through a computer program and counting the pollution source states in a complete period under each initial state. As listed in table 1 for each of the initial emissions.
The computer program can be, but not limited to, computer languages such as C +, C # and the like, enumerates the computer program for a limited number of times under the limit condition determined by the arrangement mode of the plurality of initial states through a programming method, and counts out the required result. According to the statistical method of the invention, non-computer professionals with a little programming basis can also complete the design of the program; for people without computer base, the same purpose can be achieved by using EXCEL table for enumeration, which is only complicated due to a large number and is not described herein.
The reference random function is well known to those skilled in the art within the programmed program.
TABLE 1 statistics of the number of starts in a certain initial state
TABLE 1 statistics of the number of starts in a certain initial state
Table 1 lists the simultaneous emission amounts for each time period in an initial state, and the time ratios corresponding to different emission amounts are listed in Table 2, for example.
TABLE 2 Simultaneous coefficient statistics at certain initial states
The above tables 1 and 2 show that the statistical results of the simultaneous emission number and the simultaneous coefficient in a certain initial state are programmed by a computer, a plurality of different initial states are randomly generated, and the simultaneous emission number and the simultaneous coefficient in all the initial states are counted to obtain the results listed in table 3.
TABLE 3 Simultaneous coefficient statistics for the implementation cases
And 4, step 4: according to the calculation results listed in the table 3 in the step 3, if the selection non-guarantee rate is 1%, the design simultaneous coefficient can be 10, and the design exhaust volume of the centralized exhaust system is the sum of the exhaust volumes required by 10 devices. And thus, determining the local air exhaust simultaneous coefficient of a plurality of devices in the industrial workshop.
The embodiments described above are presented to enable those skilled in the art to make and use the invention. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for determining the coefficient of local air discharge of multiple devices in an industrial workshop simultaneously is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: (1) defining the pollution emission characteristics of each device; (2) assigning an initial value to the initial working condition of pollution emission of each device; (3) counting the pollution emission simultaneous coefficient at each moment of infinite long-time subsequent operation; (4) repeating the step (2) and the step (3), changing the initial value for statistics, thereby obtaining the simultaneous coefficient and the corresponding time probability of the plurality of devices, and further obtaining the design simultaneous coefficient of the centralized air exhaust of the system;
wherein, the simultaneous coefficient refers to the ratio of the number of the polluted devices to the total number of the devices at the same time;
the design simultaneous coefficient is the simultaneous coefficient which is finally designed as the total air volume of the system;
the pollution emission source requiring local air exhaust of a plurality of devices has the following characteristics: setting each pollution emission source as a variable X, and if n pollution sources exist, X1 … … Xi … … Xn variables are provided; each X has two basic states, namely emission pollution and non-emission pollution, the non-emission state is marked as 0, and the emission state is marked as 1; the respective duration of each X in the 0 state and the 1 state is determined by different work species and different source characteristics; each X is continuously and alternately cycled between 0 and 1;
the method comprises the following steps: the first step is as follows: subdividing 0 and 1 states of each X according to duration, wherein the emission duration is Pmin, the non-emission duration is Qmin, and setting a state according to 1min leads to P sub-states in the 1 state and Q sub-states under the 0 state;
the second step is that: according to the on-site condition investigation and survey of the multi-pollution-source workshop, determining the number m of pollution sources which are in the same sub-state at the maximum and at the same time in the state 1, wherein m is less than or equal to n;
the third step: carrying out initial assignment on the initial state of the equipment starting, namely putting n pollution sources into P + Q states, wherein each sub-state can not exceed m pollution sources, and sharing the pollution sources according to a mathematical permutation and combination model
A seed-releasing method, wherein,
in the case of this calculation model, it is,
represents all cases where n contamination sources are put into P + Q states;
means for indicating that the number of contamination sources in all specified states is greater than N;
means for indicating that the number of contamination sources in all specified 2 states is greater than N;
wherein, the pollution emission duration refers to the time of pollution emission in one production cycle of the equipment;
the pollution non-emission duration refers to the time that the pollution is not emitted in one production cycle of the equipment;
and introducing a random function, randomly generating a plurality of different initial states, and calculating the number of the pollution sources in each sub-state, so as to count the maximum number of the pollution sources in the state 1, wherein the maximum number is used as a simultaneous coefficient of local air exhaust of a plurality of devices.
2. The method for determining the simultaneous local air discharge coefficient of a plurality of devices according to claim 1, wherein: further comprising: each simultaneous coefficient corresponds to a time ratio, and the simultaneous coefficient of the system design is determined through the value of the uncertainty of the system design;
the system design simultaneous coefficient refers to: the ratio of the number of devices that are taken to emit pollution to the total number of devices is weighted by calculation or after scheduling, and is a design value; the system design non-guaranteed rate is as follows: after the coefficient of the system design synchronization is determined, a part of time still exists, the ratio of the number of the system to the total number is larger than the design value, and the non-guarantee rate represents the ratio of the part of time to the total operation time.
3. The method for determining the simultaneous local air discharge coefficient of a plurality of devices according to claim 2, wherein: and (4) calculating through computer programming.
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