CN1086044A

CN1086044A - High pressure, superhigh pressure self energy arc blow-out circuit breaker

Info

Publication number: CN1086044A
Application number: CN 93107676
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨军
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1993-07-05
Filing date: 1993-07-05
Publication date: 1994-04-27

Abstract

The present invention a kind ofly has that machinery is calmed the anger and self energy " self energy arc blow-out " gas-break switch of calming the anger, and has self energy and presses oily arc blow-out, self energy to find time to separate " self energy oil blows " oil-minimum breaker of external exhaust.The present invention utilizes arc pressure through piston, gas dome and unidirectional valve arc gap to be calmed the anger, by arc pressure with draw together the dynamic pressure cylinder and cooperate and be converted into " separating brake merit " and arc blow-out, improve oil-minimum breaker arc control device and spout structure, the equal-volume compensation that utilizes moving contact to move down, form self energy by piston and mechanical linkage and press oily arc blow-out and find time to separate external exhaust, so gas of the present invention or oil-minimum breaker are at the working voltage of fracture with cut-off and improved aspect the capacity.

Description

High pressure, superhigh pressure self energy arc blow-out circuit breaker

What the present invention relates to is to be used for the equipment of electric power system as control and protection, adopts particularly that self energy is calmed the anger (press oil), self energy separation off gas and increase the gas or the oil-minimum breaker of separating brake merit.

High pressure, extra high voltage circuit breaker are in power transmission and transformation system; control and protection equipment as system; along with system development; need the huge electric energy of transmission; circuit is taked to boost; with the raising transmission line capability, and requirements at the higher level have been proposed for high pressure, extra high voltage circuit breaker, but the SFM type circuit breaker of Sino-Japan co-production now and the LW of Central-South technological cooperation ₂The arc control device of Series Circuit Breakers are to adopt to calm the anger to become blow-out apart from two spout structures, the major diameter air cylinder that the drive of moving contact system is attached thereto when being separating brake moves downward, utilize peak current the blockage effect of venturi to be increased the gas pressure of air cylinder in the spout with spout, increase the arc blow-out ability when treating the arc current zero passage, but, large diameter air cylinder forms the arc gap bigger low-pressure area of existence on every side because moving down, be beneficial to replenishing of free gas, and the blockage effect of spout consumes operating work, also postpone the discharging of free gas is unfavorable for blow-out, and the arc control device device of oil-minimum breaker is employing " machinery is pressed oil and continuous transverse-blow type " or " vertical blowing adds the spring for accumulating energy forced oil device ", solid insulation thing many (oil mass is less relatively) in the arc control device, and the electric arc calcination of holding of the solid insulation thing in the arc gap becomes the charing passage (to reduce the arc gap insulation, be unfavorable for blow-out), and oil extraction is many when cut-offfing, be unfavorable for the oil gas displacement, what adopt simultaneously is nature expansion type separator and external exhaust (the expansion separating power is low), and therefore influence has limited the connecting-disconnecting function of oil-minimum breaker fracture and the raising of working voltage.

The invention provides " self energy arc blow-out " gas-break switch and the oil-minimum breaker with " self energy is pressed oil " arc blow-out and " self energy finds time to separate " external exhaust, i.e. " self energy oil blows " circuit breaker that a kind of " having machinery to calm the anger " reaches " self energy is calmed the anger " arc blow-out.

The technical scheme that realizes above target is as follows:

(1) adopt machinery to calm the anger or forced oil device, the equal-volume compensation principle that rationally utilizes moving contact to move down, or from the unidirectional valve of moving contact inner chamber the contact burble point is compressed into an amount of dielectric and finish until disjunction, purpose increases arc resistance and voltage, reduce the input of arc energy, consume arc energy ahead of time, suitably influencing arc current does sth. in advance zero passage, make electric arc all have fresh dielectric that the space make-up that moving contact shifts out is in time gone to dissociate to electric arc and arc gap to extinguishing process before produce, obtain short blow-out and open distance.

(2) structural principle of gas-break switch machinery and self energy arc blow-out and increase separating brake merit:

(1) being provided with greatly in movable insulation spout bottom, the thermal expansion chamber of volume is connected with a movable air cylinder face, this movable air cylinder promptly overlaps and forms a confined space on the cylinder seat that a unidirectional valve is housed below, and the tubulose moving contact top that unidirectional valve is housed is passed and is connected from the movable air cylinder over glaze heart, movable air cylinder base axle center is then passed in the bottom, be connected with action bars, gas during separating brake in the air cylinder extrudes through the unidirectional valve of moving contact inner chamber, when when the indoor firm branch of thermal expansion produces electric arc, insulating gas absorbs the electric arc heat and expands and ionization formation pressure, partly by around the fixed contact with the insulation spout meet the crack through upwards ejection of spout for a short time, and most pressure with movable air cylinder to pressing down (promptly having increased the separating brake merit), the while moving contact externally effect of operating physical force down moves, pressure in the air cylinder is increased suddenly, fresh dielectric outwards sprays cooling electric arc from the moving contact inner chamber through unidirectional valve and goes to dissociate, until arc extinction, cut-off end.

(2) gas-break switch is provided with a piston cylinder that has a unidirectional valve on fixed contact top, when cut-offfing generation electric arc, piston on the piston cylinder is moved up by the arc pressure effect and causes low-pressure area, be beneficial to replenishing of high temperature free gas, simultaneously piston cavity pressure increases also by unidirectional valve to another cavity pressurising, this cavity links with the fixed contact inner chamber and communicates with arc gap by unidirectional valve, reduce at arc current zero passage arc gap pressure, piston resets under the spring force effect, the gas dome closed check valve, the cylinder body one-way valve opens is air-breathing, and the unidirectional valve of fixed contact inner chamber is promptly opened to arc gap and calmed the anger.

(3) oil-minimum breaker multilayer axial-blast extinguishing chamber structure:

(1) in first spout of arc quenching plate, is provided with bigger air chamber and is used for absorbing arc pressure, when the arc current zero passage promptly produces back-pressure, increase arc gap and spout oil flow velocity degree and oil mass, quicken the displacement of arc gap oil gas, and the spout of arc quenching plate is that string is between two contacts (its center line and arc gap central lines), the cross section can only be unique passage external in the arc quenching plate by moving contact, can make full use of the equal-volume compensation principle that moving contact moves down like this, the oil that moving contact is extruded sprays to electric arc and arc gap, utilizes the cooling of electric arc and goes to dissociate.

(2) the infundibulate spout structure of oil-minimum breaker:

With fixed contact striking point inner chamber upwards, form a large-area infundibulate (shape) spout, some of place, spout internal upper part heavy in section installings have baffle plates more and the different little angles of direction, high temperature and high speed oil vapour stream when the electric arc ejection, to form the turbulent flow miscella air-flow of multiply crosswise jet at this, form cooling, reduction of speed, step-down, and infundibulate spout and top periphery composition contact base connect as one by bolt and the flap that has a self energy air cylinder spout and a return check valve, arc control device and expanding chamber are separated, the oil mass that around contact fracture top, promptly has big volume like this, when treating the arc current zero passage, promptly fast arc gap is carried out the oil gas displacement.

(3) the oil-minimum breaker self energy is pressed the structure that oil and self energy find time to separate external exhaust:

With a piston air chamber is divided into chamber up and down, oil vapour (pressure) when the arc control device discharge, make the air chamber pressurising and driven plunger moves up, upper air is externally discharged, and low-pressure area is formed at the bottom, utilize the cooling of oil vapour body, decompression separation, moving on to the top on piston promptly opens several small bore angles and makes up and down that two Room are communicated with, simultaneously piston also drive a connecting rod the oil pressure of a small oil tank to arc gap, pressing oily quantity is with moving the proportional increase of distance and speed on the piston, when arc control device pressure weakens oil return, piston resets under the spring force effect and drivening rod is upwards taken out oil pressuring cylinder piston (outage is arranged above the piston cylinder), and the arc gap upper side that makes arc control device forms low-pressure area, quickens arc gap high-temperature gas ease and opens to its additional oil gas displacement that is beneficial to arc gap.

Characteristics of the present invention are the pressure that utilizes electric arc to produce, through the effect of piston and gas dome and unidirectional valve arc gap is produced and to calm the anger, also the arc pressure by the thermal expansion chamber be converted into the sub-switching operation merit cooperating of movable air cylinder and electric arc produced arc blowing function, and the arc control device and the spout structure of oil-minimum breaker have been improved, the equal-volume compensation principle that moving contact moves down is fully used, also utilizes arc pressure to form self energy and find time to separate and press oily arc blow-out and external exhaust by piston cylinder and mechanical linkage.Thereby the present invention's fracture of making gas or oil-minimum breaker is at working voltage with cut-off and all be greatly improved aspect the capacity.The interior solid insulation thing of arc control device that has overcome existing oil or gas-break switch is many, the oil extraction pressure release passage is many, deaerating chamber and exhaust chamber functional efficiency are low, and fail to utilize well the arc pressure difference to quicken oil gas displacement or make fresh insulating gas medium to shortcomings such as arc gap displacements.

Now be described further with embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Figure one is gas-break switch example structure figure of the present invention:

One, the breaking course of gas-break switch is with reference to figure one, when just separating in thermal expansion chamber (3) with quiet arc contact (2), the moving contact that has unidirectional valve (1) produces arc pressure, the major part of this pressure with movable air cylinder (4) toward pressing down (promptly producing the separating brake merit), adding that action bars (5) down moves increases movable air cylinder (4) internal pressure, the breather cheek valve (7) of movable air cylinder seat (6) is closed, and the unidirectional valve in the moving contact (1) is forced to open, powerful fresh insulating gas directly sprays electric arc to disjunction to be finished, the same pressure of timesharing electric arc in thermal expansion chamber (3) is just also closed the unidirectional valve (8) in the quiet arc contact (2), and through the slit ejection of quiet arc contact (2) with insulation spout (9), process stationary contact headstock (10) and stationary contact headstock steam vent (11) are to outdiffusion.When the circuit breaker internal pressure increases, promptly the piston (13) on the piston cylinder (12) that unidirectional valve is arranged is moved up, its chamber pressure is increased, and to the gas dome that has unidirectional valve (14) pressurising, when the arc current zero passage, arc gap pressure reduces, piston (13) resets under the effect of return spring (15), unidirectional valve (16) on the piston cylinder (12) is opened air-breathing, and the unidirectional valve (8) of quiet arc contact (2) inner chamber is opened the fresh insulating gas medium spirt arc gap that makes in the gas dome (14), strengthens arc gap and goes to dissociate.

Figure two is the oil-minimum breaker example structure figure among the present invention:

Two, the breaking course of oil-minimum breaker is with reference to figure two, moving contact when cut-offfing (1) leaves fixed contact (2), the bulbs of pressure that promptly produce electric arc ionization oil are by infundibulate spout (3), break through spout porous plate (4) and arrive deaerating chamber, and compression exhaust piston (5) moves up, force the air in the big lid (6) externally to discharge through exhaust cap (7), and exhaust pition (5) also drives compressing cylinder connecting rod (8), past the pressing down of the interior pressure oil piston (10) of compressing cylinder (9), discharge one pressure oil pressure oil passage (11) of flowing through, arrive in the arc control device arc gap is replenished mixing.Simultaneously moving contact (1) moves downward with arc pressure and makes air chamber (13) pressure accumulation in (12) first of the arc quenching plates, and the passage of moving contact (1) be the spout of arc quenching plate (12) is externally unique passage (its center line and arc gap central lines) of arc quenching plate (12), therefore the oily stream of moving contact (1) extrusion must point to electric arc or arc gap, when the arc current zero passage, arc gap pressure reduces, the equal-volume compensation of moving contact (1) and the back-pressure of air chamber (13), one powerful oily stream of formation is sprayed to arc gap force the arc gap cooling to go to dissociate, finish until disjunction.

Claims

1, " self energy arc blow-out " gas-break switch of a kind of arc blow-out that has that machinery is calmed the anger and self energy is calmed the anger, it is characterized in that forming by the dynamic and static contact that has unidirectional valve, piston cylinder, gas dome, thermal expansion chamber, movable air cylinder etc., and have " self energy is pressed oily arc blow-out " to reach the oil-minimum breaker of " self energy finds time to separate " and " externally exhaust ", i.e. " self energy oil blows " oil-minimum breaker is characterized in that being made up of " multilayer axial-blast extinguishing chamber ", " infundibulate spout ", " self energy is pressed oil " and " self energy find time separator " and external exhaust apparatus.

2, by claim " 1 " described " self energy arc blow-out " gas-break switch, the spout (9) that it is characterized in that movably insulating has greatly, and the thermal expansion chamber (3) of volume is threaded with the cylinder face of movable air cylinder (4), and movable air cylinder (4) is enclosed within on the movable air cylinder seat (6) of breather cheek valve (7), and tubulose moving contact (1) top that has a unidirectional valve is passed from the cylinder over glaze heart of movable air cylinder (4) and connected.(with screw thread or welding) bottom then connects from the base axle center with operator link (5) and passes.

3, it is characterized in that by claim 1 described " self energy arc blow-out " gas-break switch inner chamber quiet arc contact (2) that unidirectional valve (8) is housed and the stationary contact headstock (10) that has steam vent (11) are connected as a single entity, be connected with gas dome (14) through screw thread and hold piston (13) and return spring (15), and piston cylinder (12) also is connected with the gas dome shell with screw thread.

4, by claim 1 described " self energy oil blows " oil-minimum breaker, the nozzle exit that it is characterized in that being provided with in first spout of arc quenching plate (12) of multilayer axial-blast extinguishing chamber bigger air chamber (13) and arc quenching plate (12) can just be external unique passage (its center line and arc gap central lines) in the arc quenching plate by moving contact (1).

5, it is characterized in that upwards forming a large-area infundibulate spout (3) by claim 1 described " self energy oil blows " oil-minimum breaker with fixed contact striking point inner chamber, and spout heavy in section place is provided with some and is distributed with small bore porous plates (4) more and that direction is different, and infundibulate spout (3) and top periphery are formed the stationary contact headstock and fused with bolt by bolt and the flap that is provided with compressing cylinder (9) and a pressure oil passage (11) and a return check valve and arc control device and expanding chamber are separated.

6, by claim 1 described " self energy oil blows " oil-minimum breaker, it is characterized in that air chamber being divided into chamber up and down with an exhaust pition (5), last chamber is position tower spring once, air in the chamber is to being interlinked to the outside by the hole in the exhaust lid (7) on the big lid (6), and the inner face top of big lid (6) is provided with and makes two Room UNICOMs up and down when several little inclined holes come fitting piston (5) to arrive upper position-arresting, exhaust pition (5) lower central place is connecting compressing cylinder connecting rod (8), and the pressure oil piston (10) that can drive in the compressing cylinder moves up and down.