CN113808891A - Self-excitation air-blast arc extinguisher - Google Patents
Self-excitation air-blast arc extinguisher Download PDFInfo
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- CN113808891A CN113808891A CN202111207660.3A CN202111207660A CN113808891A CN 113808891 A CN113808891 A CN 113808891A CN 202111207660 A CN202111207660 A CN 202111207660A CN 113808891 A CN113808891 A CN 113808891A
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- arc
- moving contact
- arc extinguishing
- extinguishing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
- H01H73/02—Details
- H01H73/18—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
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- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
Abstract
A plurality of arc extinguishing cavities are arranged in the arc extinguishing base, and each arc extinguishing cavity is internally provided with an arc extinguishing unit consisting of a static contact, a moving contact, a reset spring and a spring seat. Each arc extinguishing unit is connected in series by a wire. The static contact in the arc extinguishing chamber is separated by the isolating ring. And a gas orifice is arranged in the middle of the moving contact, and an arc conduction gap is kept between the moving contact and the static contact by means of a reset spring support. The moving contact divides the arc extinguish chamber into an upper part and a lower part in the arc extinguish chamber. When the circuit is disconnected, the arc of the upper arc extinguish chamber heats the insulating gas, the gas expands, the gas pressure of the upper arc extinguish chamber increases, the moving contact is pushed to move downwards, and the gas pressure of the upper arc extinguish chamber and the gas pressure of the lower arc extinguish chamber are balanced. Along with the moving contact and the increase of the gap between the static contacts, the energy of the electric arc is weakened, and the air pressure of the upper arc extinguish chamber is reduced. When the moving contact returns, cooling gas in the lower arc extinguish chamber cools the electric arc through the moving contact spray holes, so that the electric arc is extinguished, and the purpose of quickly extinguishing the electric arc is achieved. The processes are carried out in a plurality of arc extinguishing chambers, so that the arc extinguishing speed is doubled.
Description
(I) technical field
The invention relates to an arc extinguisher of a power circuit breaker, in particular to a self-excited gas-blast arc extinguisher which utilizes arc heat to push gas to extinguish arc.
(II) background of the invention
In an electric power system, various circuit breakers are basic devices of the industry. Arc extinction is the primary task of the circuit breaker, and electric arcs can not only damage equipment, but also cause fire disasters and affect personal safety. The commonly used arc extinguishing methods include: mechanical arc extinguishing, magnetic arc extinguishing, gas arc extinguishing, narrow gap (longitudinal gap) arc extinguishing, grid arc extinguishing, vacuum arc extinguishing, solid medium arc extinguishing, and the like.
Circuit breakers using the principle of gas blast arc extinction include compressed air circuit breakers and sulfur hexafluoride circuit breakers.
The compressed air circuit breaker uses compressed air as an arc extinguishing medium, and blows electric arc by the compressed air to cool the electric arc, and when the electric arc reaches zero value, the compressed air circuit breaker quickly blows away ions in an arc channel or compounds the ions to realize arc extinguishing. The air circuit breaker has strong breaking capacity and short breaking time, but has complex structure, high process requirement and more consumption of nonferrous metals.
A sulfur hexafluoride circuit breaker is a circuit breaker that uses the inert gas sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) as an arc extinguishing and insulating medium. When the breaker is opened, the moving contact is separated from the static contact, and then the electric arc is burnt between the moving contact and the static contact. The gas pressure in the upper small chamber is suddenly increased by a large amount of heat energy generated by arc combustion, when the movable contact moves to a certain position, the lower part of the movable contact tube is opened, the airflow is discharged into the low-pressure chamber at the lower part from the nozzle, and the arc is blown out by the airflow near the insulating nozzle. Modern sulfur hexafluoride circuit breaker structures employ a single voltage type. When the single-pressure arc-extinguishing chamber is opened, the moving contact drives the gas-compressing piston to generate instantaneous compressed gas to blow arc, so the single-pressure arc-extinguishing chamber is also called as a gas-compressing breaker. The single-pressure sulfur hexafluoride circuit breaker is generally provided with a gas compression piston, so the required operating power is larger, and a pneumatic or hydraulic operating mechanism is often adopted.
The two gas blast arc extinguishing modes are mainly applied to high-voltage circuit breakers due to the complex structure. The low-voltage household circuit breaker mainly adopts mechanical arc extinction and grid arc extinction.
Mechanical arc extinction is simple arc extinction by disconnection, and a common knife switch is in the arc extinction mode.
The basic principle of the grid arc extinguishing is that an induction magnetic field generated by a metal grid is utilized to form electromagnetic power (magnetic arc blowing force), an electric arc is sucked into an arc extinguishing chamber and then is divided into a plurality of small sections, and the purpose of rapidly extinguishing the electric arc is achieved by utilizing the zero crossing of alternating current and the near-cathode effect of the electric arc. In addition, the arc chute also has the functions of cooling, heat dissipation, ventilation and the like. Such an arc extinguishing method is generally used for a small-sized circuit breaker for home use.
The breaking capacity of the two arc extinguishing modes is very low, electric arcs directly expose in the air and do not have the explosion-proof performance, and the circuit breaker is usually sealed in order to ensure the explosion-proof performance.
The related patents of sulfur hexafluoride arc extinction in recent years are as follows:
the patent numbers are: 2017200150309 entitled sulfur hexafluoride arc extinguish chamber structure. The patent provides a sulfur hexafluoride arc extinguish chamber structure, which comprises a cylindrical airtight shell, a static seal cover is connected at the upper end and the lower end of the airtight shell in a sealing way, the airtight shell is internally filled with sulfur hexafluoride gas, the static end cover plate is provided with a static end conducting block, a static end conducting rod at the lower end of the static end conducting block extends into the airtight shell and is connected with a static end contact, the dynamic end cover plate is internally provided with a dynamic end conducting rod in a vertical sliding manner, the upper end of the dynamic end conducting rod penetrates into the airtight shell and is connected with a dynamic end contact, two symmetrical sides of the airtight shell are respectively provided with a plurality of gas holes, the airtight shell is sleeved with a gas chamber covering each gas hole, the sulfur hexafluoride gas is filled into the gas chamber, one side of the gas chamber is provided with an air pump, the air inlet of the air pump is connected with the plurality of gas holes on one side of the airtight shell, the other side of the gas chamber is provided with an air pump, and the gas outlet of the air pump is connected with the plurality of gas holes on the other side of the airtight shell.
The air-blast arc extinguishing of the patent is realized by an air suction pump and an air feed pump, and the miniaturization of an arc extinguishing chamber cannot be realized.
The patent numbers are: 2019110561927 entitled "a self-energy rotary arc compound sulfur hexafluoride arc-extinguishing chamber". The patent provides a self-energy rotary arc composite sulfur hexafluoride arc extinguish chamber, which comprises an arc extinguish cylinder, a coil, an arc striking plate, an insulating cylinder, an arc striking cylinder and a connecting piece, wherein the arc extinguishing cylinder is arranged on the arc strike plate; the arc striking plate is embedded into the arc extinguishing cylinder, a through hole is formed in the middle of the arc striking plate, and a first copper-tungsten ring is arranged in the through hole; the insulating cylinder is made of insulating materials, one end of the insulating cylinder is fixed with the end part of the arc extinguishing cylinder, and the inner side of the other end of the insulating cylinder is provided with an annular bulge; the arc striking cylinder is sleeved in the insulating cylinder and fixed with the convex part; the bottom of the arc striking cylinder is provided with a second copper-tungsten ring parallel to the first copper-tungsten ring; the connecting piece is arranged on the side surface of the insulating cylinder, and the lower end of the connecting piece is connected with the arc striking cylinder; the coil is wound on the outer surfaces of the arc extinguishing cylinder and the insulating cylinder, one end of the coil is welded with the arc extinguishing cylinder, and the other end of the coil is connected with the connecting piece.
The patent uses the magnetic field generated by the coil to rotate the arc to consume the arc energy, and the arc is expanded and extinguished by relying on the self heat of the arc, and the forced air-blast arc extinguishing capability is not realized.
Disclosure of the invention
Aiming at the defects, the arc extinguishing cavity is divided into an upper part and a lower part by the movable contact, the upper part is very small, and only the normal insulation gap distance needs to be ensured. The fixed contact of the moving contact is a middle convex part, an electric arc is formed at the middle part of the moving contact, and the middle part of the moving contact is a spray hole. When the arc is broken, the upper part expands to push the moving contact to move downwards, and then cooling air flow is formed at the spray hole to cool the arc, so that the aim of quickly extinguishing the arc is fulfilled.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a plurality of arc extinguishing cavities are arranged in the arc extinguishing base, and each arc extinguishing cavity is internally provided with an arc extinguishing unit consisting of a static contact, a moving contact, a reset spring and a spring seat. Each arc extinguishing unit is connected in series by a conducting wire, so that the arc extinguishing speed is increased, and the length of a single arc extinguishing cavity is reduced.
Static contact in the arc extinguishing chamber, rely on the spacer ring to keep apart between the moving contact, keep apart the clearance and guarantee insulating under the normal state, can form electric arc when the circuit cuts off and switch on. And a gas orifice is arranged in the middle of the moving contact, and an arc conduction gap is kept between the moving contact and the static contact by means of a reset spring support. The moving contact divides the arc extinguish chamber into an upper part and a lower part in the arc extinguish chamber. When the circuit is disconnected, the arc of the upper arc extinguish chamber heats the insulating gas, the gas expands, the gas pressure of the upper arc extinguish chamber increases, the moving contact is pushed to move downwards, and the gas pressure of the upper arc extinguish chamber and the gas pressure of the lower arc extinguish chamber are balanced. Along with the moving contact and the increase of the gap between the static contacts, the energy of the electric arc is weakened, and the air pressure of the upper arc extinguish chamber is reduced. When the moving contact returns, cooling gas in the lower arc extinguish chamber cools the electric arc through the moving contact spray holes, so that the electric arc is extinguished, and the purpose of quickly extinguishing the electric arc is achieved. The processes are carried out in a plurality of arc extinguishing chambers, so that the arc extinguishing speed is doubled.
(IV) description of the drawings
The specific structure of the invention is given by the following embodiments and the attached drawings:
fig. 1 is a normal cross-sectional view of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the arc extinguishing state of the present invention.
The circuit breaker comprises (1) a circuit breaker fixed contact connecting plate, (2) an arc extinguishing base, (201) an isolating ring, (202) an upper arc extinguishing chamber, (203) a lower arc extinguishing chamber, (3) a fixed contact, (4) a moving contact, (401) a moving contact spray hole, (402) a moving contact concave ring, (5) a return spring, (6) a spring seat, (7) a wire, (8) a circuit breaker moving contact connecting plate, (9) electric arc and (10) cooling airflow.
Referring to figure 1: the arc extinguishing base (2) is internally provided with 2 arc extinguishing chambers, and the 2 arc extinguishing chambers are connected by a lead (7). The arc extinguishing base (2) is an insulator, and each arc extinguishing cavity is internally provided with a static contact (3), a moving contact (4), a reset spring (5), a spring seat (6) and an arc extinguishing cavity to form an arc extinguishing unit.
The arc extinguishing unit is a sealing unit, and an arc extinguishing cavity is sealed by a static contact (3) and a spring seat (6). The moving contact (4) can slide up and down in the arc extinguishing cavity.
An isolating ring (201) is arranged in the arc extinguishing cavity, and a moving contact (4) and a static contact (3) are isolated. The arc extinguishing chamber is divided by the moving contact (4) to form an upper arc extinguishing chamber (202) and a lower arc extinguishing chamber (203). The fixed contact (3) is communicated with the fixed contact of the circuit breaker by a circuit breaker fixed contact connecting plate (1). The lower part of the static contact (3) is protruded to be an arc ignition point. The middle of the moving contact (4) is raised to be an arc striking point, and a horn-shaped moving contact spray hole (401) is formed in the center of the moving contact (4), and a moving contact concave ring (402) is arranged on the moving contact spray hole to form a part of an upper arc extinguish chamber. The moving contact (4) is embedded on the reset spring (5), the lower part of the reset spring (5) is inserted on the spring seat (6), and the moving contact (4), the reset spring (5) and the spring seat (6) are conductors and are communicated with the arc current. The connecting plate (8) of the moving contact of the circuit breaker is connected with the spring seat (6) of the arc extinguishing chamber and the moving contact of the circuit breaker.
Referring to FIG. 2: the moving contact (4) is driven by the expansion of gas in the upper arc-extinguishing chamber (202) through the heat of the electric arc (9) to move downwards, the return spring (5) is compressed, the electric arc (9) is elongated, the energy of the electric arc is weakened, the pressure of the upper arc-extinguishing chamber (202) is reduced to form a pressure difference with the lower arc-extinguishing chamber (203), and therefore cooling airflow (10) is formed in the moving contact spray hole (401) to blow out the electric arc (9) in an accelerating mode.
The above figures are only for convenience of description, and mark the circuit breaker static contact connecting plate (1) and the circuit breaker moving contact connecting plate (8), and the two connecting plates can be exchanged. The attached figures show two-stage series connection of the arc extinguishing chambers, and the arc extinguishing chambers can be used in a single stage, and can also be arranged in multi-stages, such as three stages, four stages and the like.
The invention is not limited to be applied to household circuit breakers, air circuit breakers and sulfur hexafluoride circuit breakers, but also can be applied to oil circuit breakers. The medium in the upper arc-extinguishing chamber (202) and the lower arc-extinguishing chamber (203) can be air, sulfur hexafluoride and other gases, and can also be insulating gas, insulating oil and other gases and liquid medium.
(V) detailed description of the preferred embodiments
Installation according to the attached drawings and the description of the attached drawings:
(1) the circuit breaker static contact connecting plate, (2) the arc extinguishing base (3) the static contact, (4) the moving contact, (5) the reset spring, (6) the spring holder, (7) the wire, (8) the circuit breaker moving contact connecting plate.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
1. the arc extinguishing unit consists of a static contact (3), a moving contact (4), a return spring (5), a spring seat (6) and an arc extinguishing cavity.
2. When the circuit breaker cuts off current, high electromotive force is generated between the static contact (3) and the movable contact (4) to trigger an electric arc (9).
3. The heat of the electric arc (9) expands the medium of the upper arc extinguish chamber (202) and pushes the moving contact (4) to compress the return spring (5) and the lower arc extinguish chamber (203).
4. The energy of the electric arc (9) is weakened due to the distance elongation, so that the heat is reduced, the pressure of the upper arc extinguish chamber (202) is reduced, a pressure difference is formed between the upper arc extinguish chamber and the lower arc extinguish chamber (203), and therefore cooling air flow (10) is formed in the moving contact spray holes (401) to accelerate the blowing out of the electric arc (9).
5. The processes are carried out in the two arc extinguishing units simultaneously, so that the arc extinguishing speed is doubled.
6. After the electric arc (9) is extinguished, gas in the upper arc extinguish chamber (202) and the lower arc extinguish chamber (203) is cooled, the gas pressure is equal due to the conduction of fluid of the moving contact spray holes (401), and the moving contact (4) is restored to the initial position under the pushing of the reset spring (5) to wait for the next arc extinguish.
Compared with the existing arc extinguisher, the arc extinguisher has the following characteristics:
1. the arc extinguisher is a gas blast arc extinguisher, and can extinguish larger breaking current compared with self-extinguishing arc.
2. The arc extinguisher has no power element and can be made into a miniature arc extinguisher, so that the miniature arc extinguisher can be used on miniature circuit breakers and household circuit breakers.
3. The arc extinguishing units are used in series, so that the arc extinguishing time is short.
4. Only a static contact (3), a moving contact (4), a reset spring (5) and a spring seat (6) are arranged in the arc extinguishing unit, so that the arc extinguishing unit is simple in structure and high in reliability.
5. The materials used by each part are common materials, can be finished by using common machining precision, and have good economical efficiency.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a circuit breaker air-blast arc extinguisher, characterized by this air-blast arc extinguisher has:
the circuit breaker static contact connecting plate comprises a circuit breaker static contact connecting plate (1), an arc extinguishing base (2), an isolating ring (201), an upper arc extinguishing chamber (202), a lower arc extinguishing chamber (203), a static contact (3), a moving contact (4), a moving contact spray hole (401), a moving contact concave ring (402), a reset spring (5), a spring seat (6), a lead (7) and a circuit breaker moving contact connecting plate (8);
2 arc extinguishing chambers are arranged in the arc extinguishing base (2), and the 2 arc extinguishing chambers are connected in series through a lead (7);
the arc extinguishing base (2) is an insulator;
each arc extinguishing cavity is internally provided with an arc extinguishing unit consisting of a static contact (3), a moving contact (4), a return spring (5), a spring seat (6) and an arc extinguishing cavity;
the arc extinguishing unit is a sealing unit, and an arc extinguishing cavity is sealed by a static contact (3) and a spring seat (6);
the moving contact (4) can slide up and down in the arc extinguishing cavity;
an isolating ring (201) is arranged in the arc extinguishing cavity, a moving contact (4) and a fixed contact (3) are isolated, and the arc extinguishing cavity is divided by the moving contact (4) to form an upper arc extinguishing chamber (202) and a lower arc extinguishing chamber (203);
the fixed contact (3) is communicated with the fixed contact of the circuit breaker by a circuit breaker fixed contact connecting plate (1), the lower part of the fixed contact (3) is protruded to be an arc striking point, the middle of the moving contact (4) is protruded to be the arc striking point, and a moving contact concave ring (402) is arranged on the horn-shaped moving contact spray hole (401) formed in the center of the moving contact (4) to form a part of an upper arc extinguish chamber;
the moving contact (4) is embedded on the reset spring (5), the lower part of the reset spring (5) is inserted on the spring seat (6), and the reset spring (5) and the spring seat (6) of the moving contact (4) are conductors and are communicated with arc current;
the connecting plate (8) of the moving contact of the circuit breaker is connected with the spring seat (6) of the arc extinguishing chamber and the moving contact of the circuit breaker.
2. The gas-blast arc extinguisher of claim 1, wherein: the arc extinguishing base (2) is internally provided with 1 arc extinguishing cavity.
3. The gas-blast arc extinguisher of claim 1, wherein: the arc extinguishing base (2) is internally provided with 3 or more arc extinguishing chambers which are connected in series by a lead.
4. The gas-blast arc extinguisher of claim 1, wherein: the medium in the upper arc-extinguishing chamber (202) and the lower arc-extinguishing chamber (203) is air.
5. The gas-blast arc extinguisher of claim 1, wherein: the medium in the upper arc-extinguishing chamber (202) and the lower arc-extinguishing chamber (203) is sulfur hexafluoride.
6. The gas-blast arc extinguisher of claim 1, wherein: the medium in the upper arc-extinguishing chamber (202) and the lower arc-extinguishing chamber (203) is insulating gas and insulating oil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111207660.3A CN113808891A (en) | 2021-10-18 | 2021-10-18 | Self-excitation air-blast arc extinguisher |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111207660.3A CN113808891A (en) | 2021-10-18 | 2021-10-18 | Self-excitation air-blast arc extinguisher |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113808891A true CN113808891A (en) | 2021-12-17 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111207660.3A Pending CN113808891A (en) | 2021-10-18 | 2021-10-18 | Self-excitation air-blast arc extinguisher |
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| CN (1) | CN113808891A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117810045A (en) * | 2024-03-01 | 2024-04-02 | 霍立克电气有限公司 | Arc extinguishing structure of circuit breaker |
-
2021
- 2021-10-18 CN CN202111207660.3A patent/CN113808891A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117810045A (en) * | 2024-03-01 | 2024-04-02 | 霍立克电气有限公司 | Arc extinguishing structure of circuit breaker |
| CN117810045B (en) * | 2024-03-01 | 2024-04-30 | 霍立克电气有限公司 | Arc extinguishing structure of circuit breaker |
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