CN108601193B - Long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc generation method and device - Google Patents
Long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc generation method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108601193B CN108601193B CN201810233819.0A CN201810233819A CN108601193B CN 108601193 B CN108601193 B CN 108601193B CN 201810233819 A CN201810233819 A CN 201810233819A CN 108601193 B CN108601193 B CN 108601193B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/28—Cooling arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
- H05H1/3405—Arrangements for stabilising or constricting the arc, e.g. by an additional gas flow
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for generating a long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc, which comprises the following steps: the device comprises a water-cooled cathode, a cathode fixing seat, a cathode end nylon fixing sleeve, an organic glass tube, an anode end nylon fixing sleeve, an anode fixing seat, a water-cooled anode, a vacuumizing interface, an anode binding post and a quartz glass tube. By implementing the method and the device provided by the invention, the plasma atmosphere pollution and electrode corrosion possibly caused by using a movable electrode, a multistage cascade electrode or introducing conductive liquid are avoided, and the difficulty in obtaining the long-scale thermal plasma arc is reduced; meanwhile, the length of the plasma in the discharge cavity, the gas temperature and the space distribution of the gas temperature are controllable, and the long-scale uniform and stable thermal plasma arc is obtained by adjusting the working air pressure, the type of the working gas, the discharge current, the external cooling mode and intensity of the discharge cavity, the distance between the cathode and the anode and the like, so that the feasibility and the flexibility of meeting more application environments are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of research on plasma physics and application science, and particularly relates to a method and a device for generating long-scale arc thermal plasma.
Background
The arc plasma belongs to an important classification of low-temperature plasma sources, is plasma in a local thermal equilibrium state, has the characteristics of high current density, high gas temperature (3000K-30000K), concentrated energy, low maintenance voltage, wide variety of working gases and the like, and is widely applied to the technical processes which cannot be finished by a plurality of conventional methods such as metal cutting, welding, smelting, spraying, particle spheroidizing, dielectric material processing and the like. Generally, the dc arc plasma generator can be divided into an axial type and a coaxial type according to its structure, and different generator structures are selected according to different application objects. For some generators, an external magnetic field mode is also adopted to enable the electric arc to rotate at a high speed so as to improve the service life of the electrode and the uniformity of gas heating; or the thermal plasma is transferred out of the area between the two electrodes by the gas flow to form the thermal plasma torch. Although arcing thermal plasmas is characterized by a large operating current and a low sustain voltage, the required electric field strength prior to arc initiation is high, particularly in the context of the need to generate long-range thermal plasma arcs, requiring a higher breakdown field.
The current method for generating the thermal plasma arc or the thermal plasma torch in the arc ignition stage mainly comprises the following steps: (1) directly between the cathode and the anode with small distance; (2) the distance between the cathode and the anode is drawn close, and the cathode and the anode are gradually drawn open after a power supply is started to strike an arc; (3) the cascade electrodes are used, the electrodes which are insulated from each other are short-circuited from the outside in sequence, and finally, a plasma arc or a plasma torch with a larger electrode spacing is obtained; (4) and (3) introducing a conductive liquid into the arc generation area to reduce a high electric field required by arc starting, and finally forming a thermal plasma arc between the cathode and the anode. However, these approaches have some inevitable drawbacks: the first method uses a fixed electrode to produce a smaller arc column area and can utilize a lower area of thermal plasma; the second and third methods can lengthen the arc column area and increase the effective thermal plasma area, however, the moving electrode or the multi-stage electrode is needed, which needs the special design of the thermal plasma device, if some applications need to use the dynamic seal or the multi-stage water-cooled electrodes are mutually sealed and connected in series in an insulated way, thus increasing the complexity of the device; the fourth method may introduce impurities, and the conductive liquid may corrode the electrode material, affecting the life of the electrode.
Meanwhile, the thermal plasma arc or the thermal plasma torch with the conventional structure has large temperature gradient because the current density of the arc plasma is high and the energy is concentrated. For example, the gas temperature of the thermal plasma generating device for spraying is as high as ten thousand degrees at the nozzle, the particles for spraying are instantly melted or gasified, and then the temperature suddenly drops in the flying process until the particles strike on the substrate to be cooled to form a film, so that the thermal plasma generating device is not suitable for application environments such as long-scale uniform material preparation or surface treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of an electric arc plasma generation method, the invention provides a long-scale uniform thermal plasma generation method and a device, the method and the device can be used for effectively generating a long-scale uniform thermal plasma source and can be used for uniformly implementing material preparation and surface treatment technology in a long distance, the invention has the outstanding characteristics that the long-scale uniform thermal plasma source can provide a long-scale (30 cm-1000 cm) uniform thermal plasma (3000K-30000K) environment, the device does not need to use a movable electrode or a multi-stage cascade electrode, does not need to additionally introduce conductive liquid for arc striking, generates a purer plasma atmosphere, and the long-arc plasma is easy to realize the application of long-scale uniform material preparation or surface treatment.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for generating a long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc, comprising the steps of:
step S100, installing a water-cooled cathode, a water-cooled anode, a cathode installation seat and an anode installation seat, and adjusting the distance between the water-cooled cathode and the water-cooled anode to be 30cm-1000 cm;
step S101, starting a vacuum pump, and pumping the air pressure in a discharge cavity to a background vacuum of 0.1Pa to 100 Pa;
step S102, introducing working gas, and adjusting the air pressure in the discharge cavity to 10Pa to 300 Pa;
step S103, starting a cooling system, adjusting the temperature and the flow rate of cooling water so as to effectively cool the cathode, the anode, the cathode mounting seat, the anode mounting seat and the outer wall of the discharge cavity, and adjusting the flow of forced air cooling gas to cool the outer wall of the plasma generation cavity;
step S104, starting a high-power constant-current direct-current power supply, setting current outputs 1A-6A, and starting;
step S105, after stable glow plasma is generated, adjusting the output current of the high-power constant-current direct-current power supply to 20-1000A;
s106, adjusting the air inflow and the pumping speed of a vacuum pump, and adjusting the air pressure in the discharge cavity to 1000Pa-1 atm;
and S107, adjusting the gas flow to obtain the uniform and stable thermal plasma arc with the length of 30-1000 cm.
A long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc generating device, comprising: the device comprises a water-cooled cathode, a cathode fixing seat, a cathode end nylon fixing sleeve, an organic glass tube, an anode end nylon fixing sleeve, an anode fixing seat, a water-cooled anode, a vacuumizing interface, an anode binding post and a quartz glass tube; the water-cooled cathode and the water-cooled anode are respectively fixed on the cathode fixing seat and the anode fixing seat, the lower end of the cathode fixing seat and the upper end of the anode fixing seat are respectively grooved and respectively clamped at two ends of a quartz glass tube, the quartz glass tube is sleeved with an organic glass tube, a cathode end nylon fixing sleeve and an anode end nylon fixing sleeve are respectively provided with a step hole, the cathode end nylon fixing sleeve is used for fixing the cathode end organic glass tube, the cathode fixing seat and the quartz glass tube, and the anode end nylon fixing sleeve is used for fixing the anode end organic glass tube, the anode fixing seat and the quartz glass tube; the lower end and the side wall of the anode fixing seat are respectively connected with a vacuumizing interface and an anode wiring terminal, the vacuumizing interface is used for being connected with a vacuum pump, and the anode wiring terminal is used for being connected with a power output anode end.
The long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc generating device is characterized in that the water-cooled cathode is of a slender structure and is made of multiple sections of metal materials through welding; the water-cooled cathode is used for providing a water-cooled channel so as to effectively cool the high temperature generated by the cathode during discharging; the slender metal at the top end of the water-cooled cathode is used for generating a required local strong electric field so as to facilitate arc starting; the metal connecting piece at the tail end of the water-cooled cathode is used for fixing the cathode end of the power supply; the water-cooled anode is made of metal and forms a thermal plasma discharge area with the water-cooled cathode.
The long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc generating device is characterized in that the cathode fixing seat is of a cylindrical structure, is made of a metal material and is used for fixing a water-cooled cathode; the cathode fixing seat comprises a water cooling channel and an air inlet channel; the water cooling channel is used for cooling the temperature rise of the cathode end caused by strong heat radiation and heat convection generated after the thermal plasma is generated; the gas inlet channel is used for introducing working gas into the discharge cavity, and the working gas introduction mode is a porous tangential introduction mode.
The long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc generating device is characterized in that the anode fixing seat is made of a metal material and is used for connecting an anode wiring terminal; the lower end of the anode fixing seat and the vacuumizing interface form sealing.
The long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc generating device is characterized in that the cathode end nylon fixing sleeve and the anode end nylon fixing sleeve are made of nylon materials, and vacuum sealing is formed between the cathode end nylon fixing sleeve and an organic glass tube as well as between the cathode fixing seat and a quartz glass tube; the nylon fixing sleeve at the anode end and the organic glass tube as well as the anode fixing seat and the quartz glass tube form vacuum sealing.
The long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc generating device is characterized in that the organic glass tube is cylindrical and made of organic glass and used for maintaining the flowing of cooling water outside the quartz glass tube and the effective cooling effect.
The long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc generating device is characterized in that the quartz glass tube is cylindrical and made of quartz and used for generating a vacuum discharge chamber and an arc plasma discharge area.
The long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc generation device is characterized in that the multi-section metal material structure of the water-cooling cathode comprises: the arc striking column, the water-cooling plug, the fixed end of the arc striking column, the water-cooling outer wall, the water-cooling inner wall, the water-cooling water inlet, the cathode fixing column and the water-cooling outlet; a cooling water circulation channel is formed between the water-cooled outer wall and the water-cooled inner wall and is used for cooling the whole cathode component, the tail end and the side wall of the water-cooled outer wall are respectively and hermetically connected with the water-cooled plug and the water-cooled water inlet, the tail end of the water-cooled inner wall is hermetically connected with the fixed end of the arc striking column, and the fixed end of the arc striking column is used for fixing the arc striking column; the front end of the water-cooling outer wall is hermetically connected with a cathode fixing column, the cathode fixing column is used for fixing the cathode end of the power supply, and the cathode fixing column is a water-cooling outlet.
The device for generating the long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc is characterized in that the working gas in the gas inlet channel on the cathode fixing seat is introduced in a four-hole tangential direction manner, and four tangential gas inlet holes are formed in the cathode fixing seat.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the invention obtains the long-scale uniform thermal plasma source by using a vacuum technology, a structurally optimized electrode and a power supply high-voltage arc starting technology without adjusting the structure and the position of the electrode, using conductive liquid and using a multistage cascade electrode. The arc column area generated by directly using the fixed electrode is smaller, and the available thermal plasma area is reduced; after the arc is started, the electrode spacing is lengthened and the effective thermal plasma area is increased by using a method of lengthening the electrode spacing and using the multistage cascade electrodes, however, the electrodes need to be moved or the multistage electrodes need to be used, so that the thermal plasma device needs to be specially designed, if certain applications need to use a dynamic seal or the multistage water-cooled electrodes are mutually sealed and connected in series in an insulating way, the complexity of the device is increased; the method of injecting the plasma generation region with the conductive liquid may introduce impurities, and the conductive liquid may corrode the electrode material, affecting the life of the electrode. The invention utilizes the principle that Paschen law is utilized to adjust pd value so as to greatly reduce breakdown voltage of working gas, designs an electrode structure with a special shape so as to enhance a local electric field, and simultaneously superposes a high-voltage arc striking component on the basis of a conventional direct-current power supply, so that the three aspects of synergy further realize arc starting of a long-distance thermal plasma arc, and after arc starting, the discharge plasma is gradually transited from a glow working mode to an arc discharge mode by gradually increasing working gas pressure and working current. The gas flowing state in the discharge cavity is kept in a laminar flow state through optimizing and adjusting the gas inlet mode, and at the moment, the current passing through the gas discharge area achieves stable distribution due to self-contraction, skin effect and the like, so that the uniform distribution of the plasma gas temperature between the cathode and the anode is realized. Adjusting the effective length of the thermal plasma arc by adjusting the distance between the cathode and the anode; adjusting the temperature and the distribution of the arc column area by adjusting the plasma discharge air pressure and the discharge current; the radial distribution of the gas in the plasma is adjusted by adjusting the cooling mode outside the discharge cavity and the forced cooling degree; different functions and functions of the plasma are realized by adjusting the types of working gases in the discharge cavity.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention adopts the synergistic effect of multiple restarting arc means, avoids the plasma atmosphere pollution and electrode corrosion which are possibly caused by moving the electrode, using the multistage cascade electrode and introducing the conductive liquid, and greatly reduces the difficulty of the arc starting stage of the long-scale thermal plasma; meanwhile, the length, the gas temperature and the space distribution of the long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc in the discharge cavity can be controlled by adjusting the working air pressure, the type of the working gas, the discharge current, the external cooling mode and the cooling intensity of the discharge cavity, the distance between the cathode and the anode and the like, different functions and functions of the thermal plasma can be realized by adjusting the type of the working gas, the thermal plasma arc is conveniently applied to the preparation of long-scale uniform materials or the surface treatment and the like, and meanwhile, a relatively pure thermal plasma treatment area is conveniently provided. The method and the device for generating the long-scale uniform thermal plasma reduce the difficulty in the arc starting process, further increase the range and controllability of the uniform thermal plasma region, reduce the generation difficulty of the long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc source, and improve the feasibility and the flexibility of meeting more application environments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for generating a long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc generating device provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the cathode structure of the long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc generating device provided by the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an air inlet ring structure of a long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc generating device provided by the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a calculation result (4A-10A) of a voltammogram of the long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc generation device provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments, and the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for generating a long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 1:
in step S100, the cathode and the anode, the cathode holder and the anode holder are mounted, and the distance between the anode and the cathode is adjusted to 30cm to 1000 cm.
In step S101, the vacuum pump is turned on to pump the air pressure in the discharge chamber to a background vacuum of 0.1Pa to 100 Pa.
In step S102, working gas is introduced to adjust the pressure in the discharge chamber to 10Pa to 300 Pa.
In step S103, the cooling system is turned on, and the temperature and the flow rate of the cooling water are adjusted to effectively cool the cathode, the anode, the cathode holder, the anode holder, and the outer wall of the discharge chamber, and the flow of the forced air-cooling gas is adjusted to cool the outer wall of the plasma generation chamber.
In step S104, the high-power constant-current direct-current power supply is turned on, the current output 1A-6A is set, and the starting is carried out.
After the generation of the stable glow plasma, the power supply output current is adjusted to 20A-1000A at step S105.
In step S106, the air intake flow and the pumping speed of the vacuum pump are adjusted, and the air pressure in the discharge cavity is adjusted to 1000Pa-1 atm.
In step S107, the gas flow is adjusted to obtain a uniform and stable thermal plasma arc of 30cm-1000cm long dimension.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc generating device according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc generating device includes: the device comprises a water-cooled cathode 01, a cathode fixing seat 02, a cathode end nylon fixing sleeve 03, an organic glass tube 04, an anode end nylon fixing sleeve 05, an anode fixing seat 06, a water-cooled anode 07, a vacuumizing interface 08, an anode binding post 09 and a quartz glass tube 10. The water-cooled cathode 01 and the water-cooled anode 07 are respectively fixed on the cathode fixing seat 02 and the anode fixing seat 06, the lower end of the cathode fixing seat 02 and the upper end of the anode fixing seat 06 are respectively grooved and clamped at two ends of a quartz glass tube 10, an organic glass tube 04 is sleeved outside the quartz glass tube 10, a cathode end nylon fixing sleeve 03 and an anode end nylon fixing sleeve 05 are respectively provided with a step hole, the cathode end nylon fixing sleeve 03 is used for fixing the cathode end organic glass tube 04, the cathode fixing seat 02 and the quartz glass tube 10, and the anode end nylon fixing sleeve 05 is used for fixing the anode end organic glass tube 04, the anode fixing seat 06 and the quartz glass tube 10; the lower end and the side wall of the anode fixing seat 06 are respectively connected with a vacuumizing interface 08 and an anode wiring terminal 09, the vacuumizing interface 08 is used for being connected with a vacuum pump, and the anode wiring terminal 09 is used for being connected with an output anode end of a power supply.
The water-cooled cathode 01 is slender and is made of a plurality of sections of metal materials through welding; the water-cooled cathode 01 is used for providing a water-cooled channel to effectively cool the high temperature generated by the cathode during discharging; the slender metal at the top end of the water-cooled cathode 01 is used for generating a required local strong electric field so as to facilitate arc starting; the metal connecting piece at the tail end of the water-cooled cathode 01 is used for fixing the cathode end of the power supply; the water-cooled cathode is made of a metal material, such as copper, stainless steel, copper-tungsten alloy.
The cathode fixing seat 02 is cylindrical, is made of a metal material and is used for fixing the water-cooled cathode 01; the cathode fixing seat 02 comprises a water cooling channel and an air inlet channel; the water cooling channel is used for cooling the temperature rise of the cathode end caused by strong heat radiation and heat convection generated after the thermal plasma is generated; the gas inlet channel is used for introducing working gas into the discharge cavity, and the working gas is introduced in a 4-hole tangential introduction mode.
The cathode end nylon fixing sleeve 03 is made of nylon materials and used for fixing the cathode end organic glass tube 04, the cathode fixing seat 02 and the quartz glass tube 10, and vacuum sealing is formed between the cathode end nylon fixing sleeve 03 and the organic glass tube 04 and between the cathode fixing seat 02 and the quartz glass tube 10.
The plexiglas tube 04 is cylindrical and made of plexiglas to maintain the flow of cooling water outside the quartz glass tube 10 and an effective cooling effect.
The anode end nylon fixing sleeve 05 is made of nylon materials and used for fixing the anode end organic glass tube 04, the anode fixing seat 06 and the quartz glass tube 10, and vacuum sealing is formed between the anode end nylon fixing sleeve 05 and the organic glass tube 04 and between the anode fixing seat 06 and the quartz glass tube 10.
The anode fixing seat 06 is made of a metal material and is used for connecting the anode connecting end 09; a water-cooled anode 07 is fixed at the front end of the anode fixing seat 06; and a seal is formed between the tail end of the anode fixing seat 06 and the vacuumizing interface 08.
The anode 07 is made of metal and serves to form a thermal plasma discharge region with the cathode 01.
The vacuumizing interface 08 is made of metal and is used for connecting a vacuum pump to enable the discharging cavity to reach an ideal vacuum degree.
The anode terminal 09 is made of metal and is connected to the anode terminal of the power supply output.
The quartz glass tube 10, which is used to create a vacuum discharge chamber and an arc plasma discharge region, is cylindrical and made of quartz.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a cathode structure of a long-scale uniform thermal plasma generating device according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the cathode structure includes: the arc striking column comprises an arc striking column 11, a water-cooling plug 12, an arc striking column fixing end 13, a water-cooling outer wall 14, a water-cooling inner wall 15, a water-cooling water inlet 16, a cathode fixing column and a water-cooling outlet 17. A cooling water circulation channel is formed between the water-cooled outer wall 14 and the water-cooled inner wall 15 and is used for cooling the whole cathode component, the tail end and the side wall of the water-cooled outer wall 14 are respectively and hermetically connected with the water-cooled plug 12 and the water-cooled water inlet 16, the tail end of the water-cooled inner wall 15 is hermetically connected with the fixed end 13 of the arc striking column, and the fixed end 13 of the arc striking column is used for fixing the arc striking column 11; the front end of the water-cooled outer wall 14 is hermetically connected with a cathode fixing column, the cathode fixing column is used for fixing the cathode end of the power supply, and the cathode fixing column is also a water-cooled outlet 17.
The arc striking column 11 is cylindrical and made of metal (copper-tungsten alloy) and is used for generating a local strong electric field at the top end of the arc striking column 11 so as to achieve the arc striking function.
The water-cooling plug 12 is cylindrical, made of metal (stainless steel), and is used for forming a water-cooling channel between the water-cooling outer wall 14 and the water-cooling inner wall 15, so that the effects of water-cooling circulation and sealing are achieved.
The striking pin fixing end 13 is made of metal (stainless steel) for fixing the striking pin 11 because of its good electrical conductivity almost at the same potential as the striking pin 11.
The water-cooled outer wall 14 is cylindrical and made of metal (stainless steel) and is used for forming a cooling water circulation to cool the whole cathode part; the water-cooled outer wall 14 is welded and sealed with the water-cooled plug 12 and the water-cooled water inlet 16.
The water-cooled inner wall 15 is cylindrical and made of metal (stainless steel) and is used for forming a cooling water circulation to cool the whole cathode part; the water-cooled inner wall 15 is welded and sealed with the fixed end 13 of the arc striking column.
The water-cooled water inlet 16 is made of metal (stainless steel) and is used for introducing cooling water.
The cathode fixing column 17 is made of metal (stainless steel) and used for fixing the cathode end of the power supply; the cathode fixing columns 17 are also water-cooled outlets, so that cooling water is circulated in the cathode system.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an air inlet ring structure of the long-scale uniform thermal plasma generating device provided by the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the air inlet ring structure comprises four tangential air inlet holes 18.
Fig. 5 shows the calculation results of voltammograms for the long-scale uniform thermal plasma generating apparatus according to the present invention (4-10A).
Claims (7)
1. A method for generating a long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc, the method being based on a long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc generating device, the long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc generating device comprising: the device comprises a water-cooled cathode, a cathode fixing seat, a cathode end nylon fixing sleeve, an organic glass tube, an anode end nylon fixing sleeve, an anode fixing seat, a water-cooled anode, a vacuumizing interface, an anode binding post and a quartz glass tube; the water-cooled cathode and the water-cooled anode are respectively fixed on the cathode fixing seat and the anode fixing seat, the lower end of the cathode fixing seat and the upper end of the anode fixing seat are respectively grooved and respectively clamped at two ends of a quartz glass tube, the quartz glass tube is sleeved with an organic glass tube, a cathode end nylon fixing sleeve and an anode end nylon fixing sleeve are respectively provided with a step hole, the cathode end nylon fixing sleeve is used for fixing the cathode end organic glass tube, the cathode fixing seat and the quartz glass tube, and the anode end nylon fixing sleeve is used for fixing the anode end organic glass tube, the anode fixing seat and the quartz glass tube; the lower end and the side wall of the anode fixing seat are respectively connected with a vacuumizing interface and an anode wiring terminal, the vacuumizing interface is used for connecting a vacuum pump, and the anode wiring terminal is used for connecting a power supply output anode end; the water-cooled cathode is of a slender structure and is formed by welding a plurality of sections of metal materials; the water-cooled cathode is used for providing a water-cooled channel so as to effectively cool the high temperature generated by the cathode during discharging; the slender metal at the top end of the water-cooled cathode is used for generating a required local strong electric field so as to facilitate arc starting; the metal connecting piece at the tail end of the water-cooled cathode is used for fixing the cathode end of the power supply; the water-cooled anode is made of metal and forms a thermal plasma discharge area with the water-cooled cathode; the multi-section metal material structure of the water-cooled cathode comprises: the arc striking column, the water-cooling plug, the fixed end of the arc striking column, the water-cooling outer wall, the water-cooling inner wall, the water-cooling water inlet, the cathode fixing column and the water-cooling outlet are arranged on the outer wall of the arc striking column; a cooling water circulation channel is formed between the water-cooled outer wall and the water-cooled inner wall and is used for cooling the whole cathode component, the tail end and the side wall of the water-cooled outer wall are respectively and hermetically connected with the water-cooled plug and the water-cooled water inlet, the tail end of the water-cooled inner wall is hermetically connected with the fixed end of the arc striking column, and the fixed end of the arc striking column is used for fixing the arc striking column; the front end of the water-cooled outer wall is hermetically connected with a cathode fixing column, the cathode fixing column is used for fixing the cathode end of the power supply, and the cathode fixing column is also a water-cooled outlet; the method for generating the long-size uniform thermal plasma arc comprises the following steps: step S100, installing a water-cooled cathode, a water-cooled anode, a cathode installation seat and an anode installation seat, and adjusting the distance between the water-cooled cathode and the water-cooled anode to be 30cm-1000 cm; step S101, starting a vacuum pump, and pumping the air pressure in a discharge cavity to a background vacuum of 0.1Pa to 100 Pa; step S102, introducing working gas, and adjusting the air pressure in the discharge cavity to 10Pa to 300 Pa; step S103, starting a cooling system, adjusting the temperature and the flow rate of cooling water so as to effectively cool the cathode, the anode, the cathode mounting seat, the anode mounting seat and the outer wall of the discharge cavity, and adjusting the flow of forced air cooling gas to cool the outer wall of the plasma generation cavity; step S104, starting a high-power constant-current direct-current power supply, setting current outputs 1A-6A, and starting; step S105, after stable glow plasma is generated, adjusting the output current of the high-power constant-current direct-current power supply to 20-1000A; s106, adjusting the air inflow and the pumping speed of a vacuum pump, and adjusting the air pressure in the discharge cavity to 1000Pa-1 atm; and S107, adjusting the gas flow to obtain the uniform and stable thermal plasma arc with the length of 30-1000 cm.
2. A long dimension uniform thermal plasma arc generating method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said cathode holder is of cylindrical configuration, made of metal material, for holding a water cooled cathode; the cathode fixing seat comprises a water cooling channel and an air inlet channel; the water cooling channel is used for cooling the temperature rise of the cathode end caused by strong heat radiation and heat convection generated after the thermal plasma is generated; the gas inlet channel is used for introducing working gas into the discharge cavity, and the working gas introduction mode is a porous tangential introduction mode.
3. A long scale uniform thermal plasma arc generation method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said anode mount is made of a metallic material for attachment of an anode post; the lower end of the anode fixing seat and the vacuumizing interface form sealing.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said cathode end nylon sheath and said anode end nylon sheath are made of nylon material, and vacuum seals are formed between said cathode end nylon sheath and said plexiglass tube, and between said cathode holder and said quartz glass tube; the nylon fixing sleeve at the anode end and the organic glass tube as well as the anode fixing seat and the quartz glass tube form vacuum sealing.
5. A long length uniform thermal plasma arc producing method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said plexiglas tube is cylindrical and made of plexiglas to maintain the flow of cooling water outside the quartz glass tube and the effective cooling effect.
6. A long length uniform thermal plasma arc producing method as recited in claim 1, wherein said quartz glass tube is cylindrical and made of quartz for producing a vacuum discharge chamber and an arc plasma discharge region.
7. The method of claim 2 wherein the working gas is introduced into the inlet channel of the cathode holder in a four hole tangential inlet manner and the cathode holder is provided with an inlet ring having four tangential inlet holes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810233819.0A CN108601193B (en) | 2018-03-21 | 2018-03-21 | Long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc generation method and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810233819.0A CN108601193B (en) | 2018-03-21 | 2018-03-21 | Long-scale uniform thermal plasma arc generation method and device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108601193A CN108601193A (en) | 2018-09-28 |
| CN108601193B true CN108601193B (en) | 2021-01-05 |
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| CN113049256A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-06-29 | 北航（四川）西部国际创新港科技有限公司 | High-temperature and high-speed flame flow generating device for simulating service environment of aircraft engine |
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