CN108599624B - Flue-indoor temperature difference energy collecting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The energy collecting device comprises a Venturi plate, a bottom plate, a flue side circuit board, an indoor side circuit board and a heat insulation supporting block which are arranged from outside to inside, wherein a P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and an N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod are arranged in the heat insulation supporting block. The invention provides a flue-indoor temperature difference energy collecting device for supplying power to a wireless sensor network conveniently, permanently and environmentally.

Description

Flue-Indoor Temperature Difference Energy Collection Device

Technical field

The present invention relates to an energy collection device in an intelligent building, and in particular to an energy collection device that utilizes the flue-indoor temperature difference of an intelligent civil building to provide power for low-power intelligent building wireless sensor nodes.

Background technique

There are a large number of sensor nodes distributed in future smart buildings, such as indoor and outdoor temperature, humidity, illumination, wind speed, and wind direction sensors. They all need to solve the problem of node power supply. There are usually two options. First, wiring to realize power supply and transmission of measurement signals. Consider In view of the large number of sensors, the huge volume of the enclosure structure and the possible presence of movable parts, the wiring design and construction costs are relatively high; secondly, battery power supply, wireless transmission of measurement signals, that is, the construction of a wireless sensor network, avoids the wiring problems of the previous method. Troubled, but there are still some negative effects: a) limited battery power, limiting the service life of nodes, b) nodes are often not recycled, and secondary pollution caused by chemical batteries.

In response to the above problems, it is hoped to realize the self-power supply of wireless sensor network nodes, so energy harvesting technology has a place to play in smart buildings. This technology is dedicated to collecting renewable energy ubiquitous in the natural environment, such as wind energy, solar energy, temperature differences, and kinetic energy of various objects, to power low-power wireless sensor network nodes. There are some differences between energy harvesting technology and power generation. Energy harvesting often means only obtaining relatively weak energy to power low-power or ultra-low-power electrical equipment, while power generation usually requires providing strong power to the outside world.

At present, energy harvesting technology, a new environmentally friendly power supply technology, has attracted joint attention from academia and industry, and is getting closer to the application level; the application of this technology in smart buildings is showing promising budding trends.

In recent years, energy collection in smart buildings has become a hot topic in domestic and foreign research. It can be roughly divided into the following types: building photovoltaic energy collection; concrete temperature difference energy collection; roof precipitation energy collection, rainwater storage on the roof of high-rise buildings, and impact water pump impeller collection. Energy; high-rise building shaking energy collection; wind energy collection.

However, energy harvesting technology in smart buildings still has the following problems and challenges:

1) They all focus on the energy harvesting technology itself. In terms of how the smart building structure and component design adapt to and cooperate with the functions of energy harvesting devices and wireless sensor network nodes, the corresponding research and development is still insufficient and needs to be strengthened.

2) Each of the above energy collection methods cannot fully cover both time and space. In terms of time, photovoltaic solar energy cannot be used at night; on cloudy days, the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is often very small, and concrete temperature difference energy collection cannot be used; wind energy collection depends on meteorological conditions; high-rise building sway energy collection and roof precipitation energy collection can be used during longer periods than the above. Way more ephemeral. From a spatial perspective, energy collection from rooftop precipitation and energy collection from swaying in high-rise buildings are poorly distributed, and energy collection areas are concentrated; wind collection devices usually have rotating parts, and their installation locations are greatly restricted.

In response to the above existing problems, it is recognized that to provide reliable energy for wireless sensor networks in smart buildings, it is necessary to expand the limitations of energy collection in locations and time periods. Only in this way can wireless sensor networks be able to function all-weather.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the shortcomings of existing wireless sensor networks in smart buildings that provide reliable energy due to location and time constraints and are unable to exert all-weather effects, the present invention provides a convenient, durable and environmentally friendly way to provide wireless sensor networks with energy. Powered flue-room temperature difference energy harvesting device.

The technical solutions adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems are:

A flue-indoor temperature difference energy collection device, the energy collection device includes a venturi plate, a bottom plate, a flue side circuit board, an indoor side circuit board and a heat insulation support block arranged from outside to inside, wherein the heat insulation support block P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods and N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods are arranged in it.

Further, in the cement thin-walled exhaust duct, a round hole is reserved on the flue wall for installing a fire check valve, a smoke exhaust pipe is installed outside the fire check valve, and the flue walls on both sides of the reserved round hole are Two rectangular mounting holes of the same form are reserved on the top to facilitate the installation of two sets of venturi plates and bottom plates respectively; of the two reserved rectangular mounting holes, one of the rectangular mounting holes must be located on the adjacent indoor side of the flue wall. The other one is on the opposite wall; the center height of the two rectangular mounting holes is the same, and is close to the height position of the center of the reserved round hole; the shape and size of the two rectangular mounting holes are the same, both are stepped square holes, and the opening edges are The outside of the cement thin-walled exhaust duct wall is provided with a rectangular concave platform for easy installation.

Furthermore, the venturi plate material can be a lightweight metal material with high thermal conductivity. The venturi plate is a metal plate bent into the flue. Viewed from the installation position, the bent cross-sectional profile is approximately trapezoidal and is nested in the flue. The rectangular mounting holes on the cement thin-walled exhaust duct wall protrude into the flue; the venturi plate has folded edges around it to facilitate assembly with the base plate.

The bottom plate combined with the venturi plate is a thin metal plate with a rectangular plan shape, and the material is the same as the venturi plate; the shape and area of the bottom plate match the reserved rectangular mounting hole concave platform on the cement thin-walled exhaust duct; it is located adjacent to the flue wall A set of venturi plates and bottom plates are installed on the rectangular mounting holes on one side of the room. A square hole is opened in the center of the bottom plate. The square hole is a space reserved for installing wireless sensors. This position corresponds to the space in the center of the circuit board on the indoor side; it is located A set of venturi plates and bottom plates are installed on the rectangular mounting holes on the non-adjacent indoor side of the flue wall, and the bottom plates have no openings.

After the venturi plate and the bottom plate are assembled, they are installed and fixed on the reserved rectangular mounting holes on the cement thin-walled exhaust duct with six screws. The total thickness of the venturi plate and the base plate after being assembled is the same as the pre-set holes on the cement thin-walled exhaust duct. The thickness of the concave platform on the edge of the rectangular mounting hole outline should be the same, and the bottom of the base plate should fit with the outer wall of the rectangular mounting hole of the flue;

The middle of the Venturi plate and the base plate installed on the cement thin-walled exhaust duct on the side not adjacent to the room is a cavity;

There is filler in the cavity of the venturi plate and the bottom plate with square holes installed on the indoor side adjacent to the cement thin-walled exhaust duct wall. The structural layers of the filler from the inside to the outside of the flue are: flue side circuit board , the thermal insulation support block and the indoor side circuit board, P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods, and N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods are arranged inside the thermal insulation support block.

The flue side circuit board is placed in the cavity of the venturi plate and its bottom plate on the indoor side of the flue wall, matching the inner contour of the venturi plate and fitting closely; the flue side circuit board is surrounded by Flange to allow for nesting of insulating support blocks.

The flue side circuit board is a printed circuit board, and there is no printed circuit on the side that is in contact with the venturi plate to form electrical insulation with the venturi plate; the surface of the flanged side is embedded with rows of rectangular metal films. Each metal film corresponds to two adjacent cement-based Seebeck effect rods, achieving electrical connection with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod; the middle of the thickness direction of the flue side circuit board is the printed circuit layer , the printed circuit is electrically connected to the metal film on the board surface; from the installation position, the metal film on the outer surface of the flue side circuit board corresponds to the cement-based Seebeck effect rod in spatial position, with only half the thickness of the flue side circuit board in between. .

The indoor side circuit board is placed in the cavity of the venturi plate and its bottom plate adjacent to the indoor side of the flue wall, close to the inside of the bottom plate; the shape is a rectangular thin plate with flanges around it, which is convenient for nesting heat insulation supports. block, the end face is attached to the side of the heat insulation support block.

The indoor side circuit board is a printed circuit board, and the flanged side surface is made of multiple rows of rectangular metal films. Each metal film corresponds to two adjacent cement-based Seebeck effect rods, achieving the same effect as the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod. And the electrical connection of the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod; the middle of the thickness direction of the indoor side circuit board is the printed circuit layer, and the printed circuit is electrically connected to the metal film on the surface of the indoor side circuit board; there is no printing on the other side of the indoor side circuit board surface The circuit is tightly fitted to the base of the Venturi board.

The heat insulation support block is filled in the cavity between the flue side circuit board and the indoor side circuit board. The thermal insulation support block is made of materials with low thermal conductivity, large thermal resistance and good thermal insulation performance. Square through holes are arranged in the thermal insulation support block, and carbon fiber cement-based composite materials with corresponding P-type semiconductor properties and N-type semiconductors are injected into the holes. Carbon fiber cement-based composite materials with different properties solidify to form P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods and N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods. The ends of each two adjacent cement-based Seebeck effect rods correspond to a metal film on the surface of the flue side circuit board to achieve electrical connection with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod;

The temperature electromotive forces at both ends of all P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods are connected in series in the forward direction, each N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod is connected in reverse series with each P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod, and all cement-based Seebeck effect rods are connected in series. The last two general terminals should be arranged on the indoor side circuit board, and the energy storage circuit module, sensor module, and wireless transmission module should also be arranged on the indoor side circuit board;

Take the same number of P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods and N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods, stagger them in space, and number them. All odd-numbered numbers are P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods, and even-numbered numbers are N-type cement. The number of P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods is equal, and the metal film in contact with one end of the indoor circuit board of the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod numbered (1) is a general lead-out end. The P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod numbered (1) is in contact with the metal film at one end of the circuit board on the flue side, and the metal film is in contact with the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod numbered (2), that is, the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod numbered (1) The cement-based Seebeck effect rod and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod numbered (2) share a metal film on the flue side circuit board to achieve electrical connection; the other end of the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod numbered (2) is connected to the indoor The metal film of the side circuit board is in contact with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod numbered (3), that is, the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod numbered (2) is in contact with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod numbered (3) The Seebeck effect rods share a metal film on the indoor side circuit board to achieve electrical connection; and so on, until the metal film on the indoor side circuit board that the largest numbered N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod contacts is the other general terminal.

This invention will provide an application technology of concrete temperature difference energy collection in intelligent buildings. Materials for temperature difference energy collection usually include metals, semiconductors, gelatin, etc. There are certain difficulties in combining the above materials with smart building structures and materials. Therefore, some scholars began to study the temperature difference energy collection performance of concrete materials. Pure cement matrix is a poor conductor of electricity and cannot collect temperature difference energy. The addition of carbon fiber can significantly enhance the electrical conductivity of cement-based materials, forming carbon fiber cement-based composites (CFRC), which have high electrical conductivity. The rate is the result of the co-transport of carriers through the carbon fiber network and various types of defect interfaces. At the same time, the material also exhibits the Seeback effect and has the conditions for temperature difference energy collection. In carbon fiber cement-based composite materials, when the carriers are holes, a positive temperature difference electromotive force is generated at the low temperature end, which exhibits P-type semiconductor properties; when the carriers are electrons, a negative temperature difference electromotive force is generated at the low temperature end, which exhibits P-type semiconductor properties. It is an N-type semiconductor. The carbon fiber cement-based composite material itself exhibits P-type semiconductor properties. By further doping with different materials, its P-type semiconductor properties can be enhanced or denatured into N-type semiconductor properties. The electromotive force generated by carbon fiber cement-based composite materials is still very small, generally in the tens of μV/K level. Currently, many materials scholars are working on improving this key indicator, with the highest reaching several thousand μV/K.

Materials scholars mainly study the application of carbon fiber cement-based composite materials from the perspective of reducing the heat island effect, alleviating building energy consumption, and effectively utilizing the large amount of heat energy existing outdoors in summer. See the review literature: Wei Jian et al. Seebeck effect of carbon fiber cement-based composite materials Research status. Materials Herald, 2017, 31(1):84-89.

When the flue gas with higher temperature enters the flue, the temperature of the venturi plate rises and is higher than the indoor temperature. Since the Venturi plate and the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod or the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod are only separated by half a flue side circuit board, and the metal Venturi plate has a strong thermal conductivity, the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod The temperature of one end of the flue side circuit board of the Seebeck effect rod and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod is close to the temperature of the venturi plate. Similarly, due to the heat insulation effect of the heat-insulating support block, the temperature at one end of the indoor side circuit board of the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod is close to the indoor temperature. Therefore, there is a relatively obvious temperature difference at both ends of each P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod or N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod, which will generate a certain temperature electromotive force.

Since the temperature electromotive force at both ends of the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod is opposite to that of the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod, in order to superimpose the electromotive force of all cement-based Seebeck effect rods, the flue side circuit board and the exterior wall side circuit board need to be To realize the forward series connection of the temperature electromotive force at both ends of all P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods, and the reverse series connection of each N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and each P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod, so the number of cement-based Seebeck effect rods The more, the higher the temperature difference electromotive force obtained. On the other hand, for the convenience of use and maintenance, the two general leads of all cement-based Seebeck effect rods connected in series should be arranged on the indoor side circuit board, and the energy storage circuit module, sensor module, and wireless transmission module should also be arranged indoors. Side circuit board, there is enough free area on the indoor side circuit board to implement the above circuit module.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in: from the perspective of organically combining the energy collection requirements of wireless sensor nodes in intelligent buildings with the functions of carbon fiber cement-based composite materials, the temperature difference between the flue part and the surroundings in the intelligent building is used to fully consider the relationship with the smoke Based on the integration of building structures and building materials near the road, a flue-indoor temperature difference energy collection device is designed that uses carbon fiber cement-based composite materials to collect temperature difference energy. It replaces batteries to power wireless sensor nodes, avoiding a large amount of wiring and batteries. The use of this method can avoid the limitation of battery power and life on the life of sensor nodes, avoid the pollution caused by chemical batteries, and build a convenient, long-lasting and environmentally friendly power supply method for smart building sensors.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the flue-indoor temperature difference energy collection device.

Figure 2 is an assembly diagram between the venturi plate and the indoor side cover.

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the indoor side circuit board.

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the heat insulation support block.

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the flue side circuit board.

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the perforated insulation layer.

Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the flue side circuit board.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Figures 1 to 7, a flue-indoor temperature difference energy collection device includes a venturi plate 2 arranged from outside to inside, a bottom plate 3, a flue side circuit board 7, an indoor side circuit board 5, and a heat insulation support block. 6. P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods 8 and N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods 9 are arranged in the thermal insulation support block.

For a cement thin-walled exhaust duct, see Figure 1. A round hole is reserved on the flue wall for installing a fire check valve. A smoke exhaust pipe is installed outside the fire check valve. The flue walls on both sides of the reserved round hole are Two rectangular mounting holes of the same form are reserved on the top to facilitate the installation of two sets of venturi plates and bottom plates respectively. Of these two reserved rectangular mounting holes, one of the rectangular mounting holes must be located on the side of the flue wall adjacent to the indoor side, and the other on the opposite wall. The center heights of the two rectangular mounting holes are the same and close to the center height of the reserved circular hole. The two rectangular installation holes have the same shape and size, and are both stepped square holes. The openings are provided with a rectangular concave platform along the outside of the cement thin-walled flue wall for easy installation. The cement thin-walled exhaust duct is not part of this device, but in order to install this device, two rectangular installation holes need to be added to the existing cement thin-walled exhaust duct. Install a set of venturi plates and base plates on each of the two rectangular mounting holes in the flue wall.

The Venturi plate material can be a lightweight metal material with high thermal conductivity, such as aluminum. The venturi plate is a metal plate that is bent into the flue. Viewed from the installation position, the bent profile is approximately trapezoidal, nested in the rectangular mounting hole in the cement thin-walled flue wall, and protruding into the flue. There are folded edges around the venturi board to facilitate assembly with the base plate. See Figure 1 and Figure 2.

The role of the Venturi plate here is to utilize the Venturi effect of the fluid, that is, when the fluid passes through the reduced flow section, the flow rate increases. At the narrowest point of the pipe, the dynamic pressure (velocity head) reaches the maximum. value, the static pressure (resting pressure) reaches the minimum value. The velocity of the fluid increases because the flow cross-sectional area decreases. The entire flow goes through the conduit narrowing process at the same time, so the pressure also decreases at the same time. This creates a pressure difference, which is used to measure or provide an external suction force to the fluid. On the other hand, changes in the airflow near the venturi plate lead to enhanced airflow convection, thereby enhancing the heat transfer effect.

The bottom plate combined with the Venturi plate is a thin metal plate with a rectangular plan shape, and the material is the same as the Venturi plate. The shape and area of the bottom plate are consistent with the reserved rectangular mounting hole concave platform on the cement thin-walled exhaust duct. A set of venturi plates and base plates are installed on the rectangular mounting holes on the indoor side of the flue wall. A square hole is opened in the center of the base plate. The square hole is a space reserved for installing wireless sensors. This position is in line with the center of the circuit board on the indoor side. corresponding to the empty space; a set of venturi plates and bottom plates are installed on the rectangular mounting holes on the non-adjacent indoor side of the flue wall, and the bottom plates have no openings. See Figure 1 and Figure 2.

After the Venturi plate and the base plate are assembled, use six screws to install and fix it on the reserved rectangular mounting holes on the cement thin-walled exhaust duct. The total thickness of the Venturi plate and the base plate after being assembled is equal to the reserved rectangular hole on the cement thin-walled exhaust duct. The thickness of the concave platform at the edge of the mounting hole outline is the same, and the bottom of the base plate fits the outer wall of the rectangular mounting hole of the flue.

The middle of the venturi plate and the base plate installed on the cement thin-walled exhaust duct on the side not adjacent to the room is a cavity. See Figure 1 and Figure 2.

There is filler in the cavity of the venturi plate installed on the indoor side adjacent to the cement thin-walled exhaust duct wall and the bottom plate with square holes. The structural layers of the filler between this set of venturi plates and the bottom plate are, from the inside to the outside of the flue, the flue side circuit board, the heat insulation support block, and the indoor side circuit board. P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods and N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods are arranged inside the thermal insulation support block.

The flue side circuit board is placed in the cavity of the Venturi plate and its bottom plate on the indoor side of the flue wall, matching the inner contour of the Venturi plate and fitting closely. See Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 5. There are flanges around the flue side circuit board to facilitate nesting of heat insulation support blocks. The flue side circuit board is a printed circuit board. There is no printed circuit on the side that is in contact with the venturi plate to form electrical insulation from the venturi plate. The surface of the flanged side is embedded with multiple rows of rectangular metal films, each of which The metal film corresponds to two adjacent cement-based Seebeck effect rods, achieving electrical connection with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod; the middle of the thickness direction of the flue side circuit board is the printed circuit layer, printed The circuit is in electrical communication with the metal film on the surface of the board. From the installation position, the metal film on the outer surface of the flue side circuit board corresponds to the spatial position of the cement-based Seebeck effect rod, with only half the thickness of the flue side circuit board between them.

Indoor side circuit board, see Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3. The venturi plate is placed in the cavity of the venturi plate and its base plate on the indoor side of the flue wall, close to the inside of the base plate. The shape is a rectangular thin plate with flanges on all sides, which facilitates nesting of heat-insulating support blocks, and the end face fits the side of the heat-insulating support blocks. The indoor side circuit board is a printed circuit board, and the flanged side surface is made of multiple rows of rectangular metal films. Each metal film corresponds to two adjacent cement-based Seebeck effect rods, achieving the same goal as P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods and N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods. The cement-based Seebeck effect rod is electrically connected; the middle of the thickness direction of the indoor circuit board is the printed circuit layer, and the printed circuit is electrically connected to the metal film on the surface of the indoor circuit board. The other side of the indoor circuit board has no printed circuit on its surface and is tightly attached to the bottom plate of the venturi board.

The thermal insulation support block, see Figure 2 and Figure 4, is filled in the cavity between the flue side circuit board and the indoor side circuit board. The thermal insulation support block is made of materials with low thermal conductivity, large thermal resistance and good thermal insulation properties, such as polyurethane or hard fiberglass materials. Square through holes are arranged in the heat-insulating support block, and the corresponding P-type semiconductor carbon fiber cement-based composite materials and N-type semiconductor carbon fiber cement-based composite materials are injected into the holes. After solidification, P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods and N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods are formed respectively. Cement-based Seebeck effect rod. The ends of each two adjacent cement-based Seebeck effect rods correspond to a metal film on the surface of the flue side circuit board to achieve electrical connection with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod.

When the flue gas with higher temperature enters the flue, the temperature of the venturi plate rises and is higher than the indoor temperature. Since the Venturi plate and the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod or the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod are only separated by half a flue side circuit board, and the metal Venturi plate has a strong thermal conductivity, the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod The temperature of one end of the flue side circuit board of the Seebeck effect rod and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod is close to the temperature of the venturi plate. Similarly, due to the heat insulation effect of the heat-insulating support block, the temperature at one end of the indoor side circuit board of the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod is close to the indoor temperature. Therefore, there is a relatively obvious temperature difference at both ends of each P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod or N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod, which will generate a certain temperature electromotive force.

Since the temperature electromotive force at both ends of the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod is opposite to that of the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod, in order to superimpose the electromotive force of all cement-based Seebeck effect rods, the flue side circuit board and the exterior wall side circuit board need to be To realize the forward series connection of the temperature electromotive force at both ends of all P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods, and the reverse series connection of each N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and each P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod, so the number of cement-based Seebeck effect rods The more, the higher the temperature difference electromotive force obtained. On the other hand, for the convenience of use and maintenance, the two general leads of all cement-based Seebeck effect rods connected in series should be arranged on the indoor side circuit board, and the energy storage circuit module, sensor module, and wireless transmission module should also be arranged indoors. Side circuit board, there is enough free area on the indoor side circuit board to implement the above circuit module.

For this purpose, the number of P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods and N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods is taken to be the same, and they are staggered in space and numbered. See Figure 1 and Figure 6. and Figure 7. Without loss of generality, let the number (1) be the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod, and the number (2) be the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod. In this way, all the odd numbers are P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods, and the even numbers are N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods, the number of the two is equal. The metal film in contact with one end of the indoor circuit board of the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod numbered (1) is a general lead-out end. The P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod numbered (1) is in contact with the metal film at one end of the circuit board on the flue side, and the metal film is in contact with the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod numbered (2), that is, the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod numbered (1) The cement-based Seebeck effect rod and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod numbered (2) share a metal film on the flue side circuit board to achieve electrical connection; the other end of the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod numbered (2) is connected to the indoor The metal film of the side circuit board is in contact with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod numbered (3), that is, the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod numbered (2) is in contact with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod numbered (3) The Seebeck effect rods share a metal film on the indoor side circuit board to achieve electrical connection; and so on, until the metal film on the indoor side circuit board that the largest numbered N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod contacts is the other general terminal.

From the perspective of organically combining the energy collection requirements of wireless sensor nodes in smart buildings with the functions of carbon fiber cement-based composite materials, this embodiment takes advantage of the temperature difference between the flue and the surroundings in the smart building and fully considers the building structure and structure near the flue. With the integration of building materials, a flue-indoor temperature difference energy collection device using carbon fiber cement-based composite materials is designed to collect temperature difference energy. It replaces batteries to power wireless sensor nodes, avoiding a large amount of wiring and the use of batteries, thus avoiding the need for batteries. The power and life span limit the life of sensor nodes, avoid pollution caused by chemical batteries, and build a convenient, durable and environmentally friendly power supply method for smart building sensors.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a flue-indoor difference in temperature energy collection device which characterized in that: the energy collecting device comprises a Venturi plate, a bottom plate, a flue side circuit board, an indoor side circuit board and a heat insulation supporting block which are arranged from outside to inside, wherein a P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and an N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod are arranged in the heat insulation supporting block; in the cement thin-wall flue, a circular hole is reserved on the flue wall for installing a fireproof check valve, a smoke exhaust pipe is arranged on the outer side of the fireproof check valve, and two rectangular installation holes in the same form are reserved on the flue walls on two sides of the reserved circular hole respectively so as to install two groups of Venturi plates and a bottom plate respectively; two reserved rectangular mounting holes, one of which must be positioned on the side of the flue wall adjacent to the interior and the other on the opposite wall; the centers of the two rectangular mounting holes are the same in height and are close to the reserved round hole centers in height; the two rectangular mounting holes are identical in shape and size and are stepped square holes, and rectangular concave platforms which are convenient to mount are arranged on the outer sides of the perforated cement thin-wall flue walls;

the venturi plate material can be a metal material with high heat conductivity coefficient and light weight, the venturi plate is a metal plate bent into the flue, the bent section outline is approximately trapezoid, and the venturi plate is nested on a rectangular mounting hole of the wall of the cement thin-wall flue and protrudes into the flue; the periphery of the Venturi plate is provided with folded edges, so that the Venturi plate is convenient to assemble with the bottom plate;

the bottom plate spliced with the Venturi plate is a thin metal plate with a rectangular plane shape, and the material of the bottom plate is the same as that of the Venturi plate; the shape and the area of the bottom plate are matched with those of the reserved rectangular installation Kong Aotai on the cement thin-wall discharge flue; the venturi plate and the bottom plate are arranged on a rectangular mounting hole on one side of the flue wall adjacent to the indoor, the center of the bottom plate is provided with a square hole, the square hole is a vacant site reserved for mounting a wireless sensor, and the position of the square hole corresponds to the vacant site in the center of the indoor circuit board; a group of venturi plates and bottom plates are arranged on the rectangular mounting holes on one side of the flue wall, which is not adjacent to the indoor space, and the bottom plates of the venturi plates and the bottom plates are not provided with openings;

after the venturi plate is spliced with the bottom plate, six screws are used for installing and fixing the venturi plate and the bottom plate on the reserved rectangular mounting holes on the cement thin-wall flue, the total thickness of the venturi plate and the bottom plate after being spliced is the same as the thickness of the concave table at the outline edge of the reserved rectangular mounting holes on the cement thin-wall flue, and the bottom of the bottom plate is attached to the outer wall of the rectangular mounting holes of the flue;

the middle of a Venturi plate and a bottom plate which are arranged on the side, which is not adjacent to the indoor side, of the cement thin-wall discharge flue is a cavity;

the venturi plate and the cavity of the bottom plate with square holes are arranged in the cavity of the cement thin-wall discharge flue wall adjacent to the indoor side, and the structural layers of the fillers are as follows from inside to outside in sequence: the flue side circuit board, the heat-insulating supporting block and the indoor side circuit board are arranged in the heat-insulating supporting block, and the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod are arranged in the heat-insulating supporting block;

the flue side circuit board is arranged in a cavity of the venturi board and the bottom plate of the venturi board adjacent to the indoor side of the flue wall, is matched with the inner side contour of the venturi board and is tightly attached; the periphery of the flue side circuit board is provided with a flanging so as to nest the heat insulation supporting blocks;

the indoor side circuit board is arranged in a cavity of the venturi board and the bottom board of the venturi board adjacent to the indoor side of the flue wall and is clung to the inner side of the bottom board; the outer shape is a rectangular sheet with flanging at the periphery, so that the heat-insulating supporting block can be conveniently nested, and the end face is attached to the side face of the heat-insulating supporting block;

the heat-insulating supporting block is filled in the cavity between the flue side circuit board and the indoor side circuit board.

2. The flue-room temperature difference energy harvesting device of claim 1, wherein: the flue side circuit board is a printed circuit board, and a printed circuit is not arranged on one side which is in contact with the venturi plate in a fitting way, so that electric insulation with the venturi plate is formed; a plurality of rows of rectangular metal films are embedded into the surface of one side with the flanging, and each metal film corresponds to two adjacent cement-based Seebeck effect rods, so that the metal films are electrically communicated with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods; the middle of the flue side circuit board in the thickness direction is a printed circuit layer, and the printed circuit is electrically communicated with the metal film on the surface of the board; the metal film on the outer surface of the flue side circuit board corresponds to the cement-based Seebeck effect rod in space position, and the middle is only separated by half the thickness of the flue side circuit board.

3. The flue-room temperature difference energy harvesting device of claim 1, wherein: the indoor side circuit board is a printed circuit board, the surface of one side with the flanging is provided with a plurality of rows of rectangular metal films, and each metal film corresponds to two adjacent cement-based Seebeck effect rods to realize electric communication with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods; the middle of the indoor side circuit board in the thickness direction is a printed circuit layer, and the printed circuit is electrically communicated with the metal film on the surface of the indoor side circuit board; the other side surface of the indoor side circuit board is not provided with a printed circuit, and is closely attached to the bottom plate of the Venturi plate.

4. The flue-room temperature difference energy harvesting device of claim 1, wherein: the heat insulation supporting block is made of a material with low heat conductivity coefficient, high heat resistance and good heat insulation performance, square through holes are arranged in the heat insulation supporting block, carbon fiber cement-based composite materials with corresponding P-type semiconductor properties and carbon fiber cement-based composite materials with N-type semiconductor properties are injected into the holes, a P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and an N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod are respectively formed by solidification, and the ends of every two adjacent cement-based Seebeck effect rods correspond to one metal film on the surface of a flue side circuit board, so that the electric communication with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod is realized;

the temperature electromotive forces at two ends of all the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods are connected in series in the forward direction, each N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod is connected in series with each P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod in the reverse direction, two total leading-out ends of all the cement-based Seebeck effect rods after being connected in series are arranged on an indoor side circuit board, and an energy storage circuit module, a sensor module and a wireless transmission module are also arranged on the indoor side circuit board;

taking the same number of P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods and N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods, arranging the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods in a space staggered manner, numbering the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods, wherein all the odd-numbered P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods and the even-numbered N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods are equal in number, the metal film contacted with one end of an indoor side circuit board of each P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod of the number 1 is a total leading-out end, the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod of the number 1 is contacted with the metal film at one end of a flue side circuit board, and the metal film is contacted with the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod of the number 2, namely the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod of the number 1 and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod of the number 2 share one metal film on the flue side circuit board to realize electric communication; the other end of the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number 2 is contacted with a metal film of the indoor circuit board, the metal film is contacted with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number 3, namely the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number 2 and the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number 3 share one metal film on the indoor circuit board, and electric communication is realized; and so on until the metal film on the indoor side circuit board contacted by the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the largest number is the other total leading-out end.