CN108599624B - Flue-indoor temperature difference energy collecting device - Google Patents
Flue-indoor temperature difference energy collecting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108599624B CN108599624B CN201810704872.4A CN201810704872A CN108599624B CN 108599624 B CN108599624 B CN 108599624B CN 201810704872 A CN201810704872 A CN 201810704872A CN 108599624 B CN108599624 B CN 108599624B
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- 230000005678 Seebeck effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 142
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
- H02N11/002—Generators
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F17/00—Vertical ducts; Channels, e.g. for drainage
- E04F17/02—Vertical ducts; Channels, e.g. for drainage for carrying away waste gases, e.g. flue gases; Building elements specially designed therefor, e.g. shaped bricks or sets thereof
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Abstract
The energy collecting device comprises a Venturi plate, a bottom plate, a flue side circuit board, an indoor side circuit board and a heat insulation supporting block which are arranged from outside to inside, wherein a P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and an N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod are arranged in the heat insulation supporting block. The invention provides a flue-indoor temperature difference energy collecting device for supplying power to a wireless sensor network conveniently, permanently and environmentally.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an energy collection device in an intelligent building, in particular to a device for collecting energy by utilizing flue-indoor temperature difference of an intelligent civil building, which is used for supplying power to wireless sensor nodes of the intelligent building with low power consumption.
Background
In the future intelligent building, a large number of sensor nodes, such as indoor and outdoor temperature, humidity, illuminance, wind speed and wind direction sensors, are distributed, the problem of node power supply needs to be solved, and two choices are usually available, firstly, wiring realizes power supply and transmission of measurement signals, and the wiring design and construction cost are relatively high in consideration of the fact that the number of sensors is large, the number of enclosure structures is large and movable components possibly exist; secondly, battery power supply, measurement signal wireless transmission, namely construction wireless sensing network, avoids the trouble of former method wiring, still has some negative effects: a) The battery power is limited, the service life of the node is limited, b) the node is not recovered, and secondary pollution is caused by a chemical battery.
In view of the above, it is desirable to achieve self-powering of wireless sensor network nodes, so energy harvesting techniques have great utility in intelligent buildings. The technology aims at collecting renewable energy sources which are ubiquitous in natural environments, such as wind energy, solar energy, temperature difference and kinetic energy of various objects, and supplying power for the wireless sensor network nodes with low power consumption. Energy harvesting techniques are somewhat different from power generation, which often means that only weak energy is harvested to power low-power or ultra-low-power consumers, while power generation generally requires a strong power supply to the outside.
At present, the novel environment-friendly power supply technology of the energy collection technology is concerned by academia and industry, and is approaching to the application level more and more; the technology is applied to intelligent buildings to generate a happy sprouting situation.
In recent years, energy collection in intelligent buildings becomes a hot spot for domestic and foreign research, and the energy collection is roughly classified into the following types: building photovoltaic energy collection; collecting concrete temperature difference energy; roof water falling energy is collected, rainwater is accumulated on the roof of a high-rise building, and energy is collected by impacting a water pump impeller; collecting shaking energy of a high-rise building; and (5) collecting wind energy.
However, the energy harvesting technology in intelligent buildings still has the following problems and challenges:
1) The energy collection technology is focused on, and the corresponding research and development is still insufficient and needs to be enhanced in terms of how to adapt and cooperate with the functions of the energy collection device and the wireless sensor network node in the aspects of intelligent building construction and component design.
2) Each of the above energy harvesting methods has a temporal and spatial imperfection. In time, photovoltaic solar energy cannot be utilized at night; in cloudy days, the temperature difference between the indoor and outdoor is very small, and the concrete temperature difference energy cannot be collected; wind energy harvesting is dependent on meteorological conditions; the period of time available for high-rise building shaking energy collection and roof water falling energy collection is shorter than in the above-mentioned several modes. In space, roof water-lowering energy collection and shaking energy collection of high-rise buildings are poor in distribution, and energy collection areas are concentrated; wind power collection devices typically have rotating components with a substantially limited mounting location.
Aiming at the problems, the wireless sensor network for intelligent buildings is realized to provide reliable energy, the limit of energy collection at the position and in the time period is required to be expanded, and the wireless sensor network can only exert the all-weather effect.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defect that the wireless sensor network of the existing intelligent building provides reliable energy limited by the position and the time period and cannot exert the effect of all weather, the invention provides a flue-indoor temperature difference energy collecting device for supplying power to the wireless sensor network conveniently, durably and environmentally.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the energy collecting device comprises a Venturi plate, a bottom plate, a flue side circuit board, an indoor side circuit board and a heat insulation supporting block which are arranged from outside to inside, wherein a P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and an N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod are arranged in the heat insulation supporting block.
Further, in the cement thin-wall flue, a circular hole is reserved on the flue wall for installing a fireproof check valve, a smoke exhaust pipe is arranged on the outer side of the fireproof check valve, and two rectangular installation holes in the same form are reserved on the flue walls on two sides of the reserved circular hole respectively so as to install two groups of Venturi plates and a bottom plate respectively; the two reserved rectangular mounting holes, one of which must be positioned on the side of the flue wall adjacent to the room, and the other on the opposite wall; the centers of the two rectangular mounting holes are the same in height and are close to the reserved round hole centers in height; the two rectangular mounting holes are identical in shape and size and are stepped square holes, and rectangular concave platforms convenient to mount are arranged on the outer sides of the perforated cement thin-wall flue walls.
Still further, the venturi plate material can be a metal material with high heat conductivity coefficient and light weight, the venturi plate is a metal plate bent into the flue, and the bent section profile is approximately trapezoid when seen from the installation position, is nested on a rectangular installation hole of the cement thin-wall flue wall and protrudes into the flue; the periphery of the Venturi plate is provided with a folded edge, so that the Venturi plate is convenient to assemble with the bottom plate.
The bottom plate spliced with the Venturi plate is a thin metal plate with a rectangular plane shape, and the material of the bottom plate is the same as that of the Venturi plate; the shape and the area of the bottom plate are matched with those of the reserved rectangular installation Kong Aotai on the cement thin-wall discharge flue; the venturi plate and the bottom plate are arranged on a rectangular mounting hole on one side of the flue wall adjacent to the indoor, the center of the bottom plate is provided with a square hole, the square hole is a vacancy reserved for mounting a wireless sensor, and the position corresponds to the vacancy in the center of the indoor circuit board; a group of Venturi plates and bottom plates are arranged on rectangular mounting holes on one side of the flue wall, which is not adjacent to the indoor space, and the bottom plates are not provided with openings.
After the venturi plate is spliced with the bottom plate, six screws are used for installing and fixing the venturi plate and the bottom plate on the reserved rectangular mounting holes on the cement thin-wall flue, the total thickness of the venturi plate and the bottom plate after being spliced is the same as the thickness of the concave table at the outline edge of the reserved rectangular mounting holes on the cement thin-wall flue, and the bottom of the bottom plate is attached to the outer wall of the rectangular mounting holes of the flue;
the middle of a Venturi plate and a bottom plate which are arranged on the side, which is not adjacent to the indoor side, of the cement thin-wall discharge flue is a cavity;
the venturi plate and the cavity of the bottom plate with square holes are arranged in the cavity of the cement thin-wall discharge flue wall adjacent to the indoor side, and the structural layers of the fillers are as follows from inside to outside in sequence: the flue side circuit board, the heat-insulating supporting block and the indoor side circuit board, the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod are arranged inside the heat-insulating supporting block.
The flue side circuit board is arranged in a cavity of the venturi board and the bottom plate of the venturi board adjacent to the indoor side of the flue wall, is matched with the inner side contour of the venturi board and is tightly attached; the periphery of the flue side circuit board is provided with a flanging so as to nest the heat insulation supporting blocks.
The flue side circuit board is a printed circuit board, and a printed circuit is not arranged on one side which is in contact with the venturi plate in a fitting way, so that electric insulation with the venturi plate is formed; a plurality of rows of rectangular metal films are embedded into the surface of one side with the flanging, and each metal film corresponds to two adjacent cement-based Seebeck effect rods, so that the metal films are electrically communicated with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods; the middle of the flue side circuit board in the thickness direction is a printed circuit layer, and the printed circuit is electrically communicated with the metal film on the surface of the board; the metal film on the outer surface of the flue side circuit board corresponds to the cement-based Seebeck effect rod in space position from the installation position, and the middle is only separated by half the thickness of the flue side circuit board.
The indoor side circuit board is arranged in a cavity of the venturi board and the bottom board of the venturi board adjacent to the indoor side of the flue wall and is clung to the inner side of the bottom board; the external shape is a rectangular thin plate with flanging at the periphery, so that the heat-insulating supporting block can be conveniently nested, and the end face is attached to the side face of the heat-insulating supporting block.
The indoor side circuit board is a printed circuit board, the surface of one side with the flanging is provided with a plurality of rows of rectangular metal films, and each metal film corresponds to two adjacent cement-based Seebeck effect rods to realize electric communication with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods; the middle of the indoor side circuit board in the thickness direction is a printed circuit layer, and the printed circuit is electrically communicated with the metal film on the surface of the indoor side circuit board; the other side surface of the indoor side circuit board is not provided with a printed circuit, and is closely attached to the bottom plate of the Venturi plate.
The heat-insulating supporting block is filled in the cavity between the flue side circuit board and the indoor side circuit board. The heat insulation supporting block is made of a material with low heat conductivity coefficient, large heat resistance and good heat insulation performance, square through holes are arranged in the heat insulation supporting block, carbon fiber cement-based composite materials with corresponding P-type semiconductor properties and carbon fiber cement-based composite materials with N-type semiconductor properties are injected into the holes, and the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod are respectively formed through solidification. The ends of every two adjacent cement-based Seebeck effect rods correspond to one metal film on the surface of the flue side circuit board, so that the electrical communication with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods is realized;
the temperature electromotive forces at two ends of all the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods are connected in series in the forward direction, each N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod is connected in series with each P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod in the reverse direction, two total leading-out ends of all the cement-based Seebeck effect rods after being connected in series are arranged on an indoor side circuit board, and an energy storage circuit module, a sensor module and a wireless transmission module are also arranged on the indoor side circuit board;
the method comprises the steps of taking the same number of P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods as N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods, arranging the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods in a space staggered manner, numbering the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods, wherein all the odd-numbered P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods are N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods, the number of the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods is equal to that of the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods, and metal films contacted with one end of an indoor circuit board of the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods in the number (1) are a total leading-out end. The P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number (1) is contacted with a metal film at one end of the flue side circuit board, and the metal film is contacted with the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number (2), namely the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number (1) and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number (2) share one metal film on the flue side circuit board to realize electric communication; the other end of the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number (2) is in contact with a metal film of the indoor circuit board, and the metal film is in contact with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number (3), namely the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number (2) and the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number (3) share one metal film on the indoor circuit board, so that electric communication is realized; and so on until the metal film on the indoor side circuit board contacted by the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the largest number is the other total leading-out end.
The invention provides an application technology for collecting concrete temperature difference energy in intelligent buildings. Materials for collecting the temperature difference energy generally include metal, semiconductor, gelatin and the like, and the materials have a certain difficulty in combination with intelligent building construction and materials, so that students begin to study the temperature difference energy collecting performance of concrete materials. The pure cement matrix is an electric bad conductor, can not collect temperature difference energy, can obviously enhance the conductivity of cement-based materials after being doped with carbon fiber, and forms a carbon fiber cement-based composite material (Carbon fiber reinforcedcement-based composite, abbreviated as CFRC), the high conductivity of the pure cement matrix is the result of common transportation of carriers through a carbon fiber network and various types of defect interfaces, and meanwhile, the material also has a Seeback effect and has the condition of collecting temperature difference energy. In the carbon fiber cement-based composite material, when a carrier is a hole, positive thermoelectromotive force is generated at a low-temperature end, and the positive thermoelectromotive force is represented as a P-type semiconductor property; when the carrier is an electron, a negative thermoelectromotive force is generated at the low temperature end, which is represented by an N-type semiconductor property. The carbon fiber cement-based composite material itself becomes P-type semiconductor property, and by further doping different materials, the P-type semiconductor property can be enhanced, and the carbon fiber cement-based composite material can also be changed into N-type semiconductor property. The electromotive force generated by the carbon fiber cement-based composite material still belongs to trace and is generally in the level of tens of mu V/K, and at present, many material students are working to improve the key index, and the maximum electromotive force reaches thousands of mu V/K.
The material scholars mainly study the application of the carbon fiber cement-based composite material from the angles of reducing the heat island effect, relieving the energy consumption of the building and effectively utilizing a large amount of heat energy existing outdoors in summer, and see the review literature: wei Jian under the current state of the research on Seebeck effect of carbon fiber cement-based composite materials, material Annotation 2017,31 (1): 84-89.
When the smoke with higher temperature enters the flue, the temperature of the Venturi plate rises and is higher than the indoor temperature. The temperature of one end of the flue side circuit board of the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and the temperature of one end of the flue side circuit board of the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod are close to the temperature of the venturi plate because the venturi plate is separated from the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod or the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod by only a half layer of flue side circuit board and the heat conduction effect of the venturi plate made of metal is strong. Also, due to the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation supporting block, the temperature of one end of the indoor side circuit board of the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and the temperature of one end of the indoor side circuit board of the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod are close to the indoor temperature. Therefore, a relatively obvious temperature difference exists at two ends of each P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod or each N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod, and a certain temperature electromotive force is generated.
Because the temperature electromotive force directions at the two ends of the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods are opposite to the temperature electromotive force directions of the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods, in order to stack the electromotive forces of all the cement-based Seebeck effect rods, the flue side circuit board and the outer wall side circuit board need to realize forward concatenation of the temperature electromotive forces at the two ends of all the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods, each N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod is reversely concatenated with each P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod, so that the more the number of the cement-based Seebeck effect rods is, the higher the obtained temperature difference electromotive force is. On the other hand, for convenient use and maintenance, the two total leading-out ends of all the cement-based Seebeck effect rods after being connected in series should be arranged on an indoor side circuit board, and the energy storage circuit module, the sensor module and the wireless transmission module should be also arranged on the indoor side circuit board, and enough spare area is reserved on the indoor side circuit board for realizing the circuit module.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly shown in the following steps: from the angle that wireless sensor node's energy collection demand and carbon fiber cement based combined material's function organically combined in the intelligent building, utilize the flue position in the intelligent building with around the difference in temperature that exists, fully consider with the nearby building structure of flue and building material's fusion, the flue-indoor difference in temperature energy collection device that utilizes carbon fiber cement based combined material to carry out the difference in temperature energy collection has been designed, replace the battery to supply power for wireless sensor node, avoid a large amount of wiring, avoid the use of battery, thereby avoid battery power and life-span to the restriction of sensor node life, avoid the pollution that chemical battery arouses, the convenience of building intelligent building sensor, lasting and environmental protection's power supply mode.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a flue-room temperature difference energy collection device.
Fig. 2 is an assembly view between the venturi plate and the indoor side cover plate.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the indoor side circuit board.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of an insulated support block.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the flue-side circuit board.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a perforated insulating layer.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the flue-side circuit board.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, a flue-indoor temperature difference energy collecting device comprises a venturi plate 2, a bottom plate 3, a flue side circuit board 7, an indoor side circuit board 5 and a heat insulation supporting block 6 which are arranged from outside to inside, wherein a P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod 8 and an N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod 9 are arranged in the heat insulation supporting block.
The cement thin-wall flue is shown in fig. 1, round holes are reserved on the flue wall for installing a fireproof check valve, a smoke exhaust pipe is installed on the outer side of the fireproof check valve, and two rectangular installation holes in the same form are reserved on the flue wall on two sides of the reserved round holes respectively so as to install two groups of venturi plates and a bottom plate respectively. These two pre-reserved rectangular mounting holes, one of which must be located on the side of the flue wall adjacent the room and the other on its opposite wall. The centers of the two rectangular mounting holes are the same in height and are close to the reserved hole centers in height. The two rectangular mounting holes are identical in shape and size and are stepped square holes, and rectangular concave platforms convenient to mount are arranged on the outer sides of the perforated cement thin-wall flue walls. The cement thin-wall discharge flue is not a part of the device, but two rectangular mounting holes are additionally arranged on the existing cement thin-wall discharge flue for mounting the device. A group of Venturi plates and a bottom plate are respectively arranged on two rectangular mounting holes of the flue wall.
The venturi plate material may be a high thermal conductivity, lightweight metal material such as aluminum. The venturi plate is a metal plate bent inwards of the flue, and the bent profile is approximately trapezoidal when seen from the installation position, is nested on a rectangular installation hole of the wall of the cement thin-wall flue and protrudes inwards of the flue. The periphery of the Venturi plate is provided with a folded edge, so that the Venturi plate is convenient to assemble with the bottom plate. See fig. 1 and 2.
The venturi plate acts here on the one hand by utilizing the venturi effect of the fluid, i.e. the phenomenon that the flow velocity increases as the fluid passes through a reduced flow cross section, and the dynamic pressure (velocity head) reaches a maximum value and the static pressure (resting pressure) reaches a minimum value at the narrowest point of the pipe. The velocity of the fluid increases as the cross-sectional area of the through-flow decreases. The entire current is subjected to the conduit deflation process at the same time, and the pressure is reduced at the same time. And thus creates a pressure differential that is used to measure or provide an external suction force to the fluid. On the other hand, in the vicinity of the venturi plate, the change results in enhanced convection of the air flow, and thus enhanced heat transfer.
The bottom plate spliced with the Venturi plate is a thin metal plate with a rectangular plane shape, and the material of the bottom plate is the same as that of the Venturi plate. The shape and the area of the bottom plate are matched with those of a reserved rectangular mounting hole concave table on the cement thin-wall discharge flue. The venturi plate and the bottom plate are arranged on a rectangular mounting hole on one side of the flue wall adjacent to the indoor, the center of the bottom plate is provided with a square hole, the square hole is a vacancy reserved for mounting a wireless sensor, and the position corresponds to the vacancy in the center of the indoor circuit board; a group of Venturi plates and bottom plates are arranged on rectangular mounting holes on one side of the flue wall, which is not adjacent to the indoor space, and the bottom plates are not provided with openings. See fig. 1 and 2.
After the venturi plate is spliced with the bottom plate, six screws are used for installing and fixing the venturi plate on the reserved rectangular mounting holes on the cement thin-wall flue, the total thickness of the venturi plate and the bottom plate after being spliced is the same as the thickness of the concave table at the outline edge of the reserved rectangular mounting holes on the cement thin-wall flue, and the bottom plate is attached to the outer wall of the rectangular mounting holes of the flue.
The middle of the venturi plate and the bottom plate which are arranged on the side of the cement thin-wall flue, which is not adjacent to the indoor side, is a cavity. See fig. 1 and 2.
The cavity of venturi plate and bottom plate with square holes is filled with filler. The filler construction layers between the venturi plates and the bottom plate are as follows from inside to outside: flue side circuit board, heat insulation supporting block, indoor side circuit board. The P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod are arranged inside the heat-insulating supporting block.
The flue side circuit board is arranged in the cavity of the venturi board and the bottom plate of the venturi board, which are adjacent to the indoor side of the flue wall, is matched with the inner side contour of the venturi board and is tightly attached. See fig. 1, 2 and 5. The periphery of the flue side circuit board is provided with a flanging so as to nest the heat insulation supporting blocks. The flue side circuit board is a printed circuit board, and a printed circuit is not arranged on one side which is in contact with the venturi plate in a fitting way, so that electric insulation with the venturi plate is formed; a plurality of rows of rectangular metal films are embedded into the surface of one side with the flanging, and each metal film corresponds to two adjacent cement-based Seebeck effect rods, so that the metal films are electrically communicated with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods; the middle of the flue side circuit board in the thickness direction is a printed circuit layer, and the printed circuit is electrically communicated with the metal film on the surface of the board. The metal film on the outer surface of the flue side circuit board corresponds to the cement-based Seebeck effect rod in space position from the installation position, and the middle is only separated by half the thickness of the flue side circuit board.
Indoor side circuit board, see fig. 1, 2 and 3. The venturi plate is arranged in the cavity of the bottom plate of the venturi plate, which is arranged on the side of the flue wall adjacent to the indoor, and is clung to the inner side of the bottom plate. The external shape is a rectangular thin plate with flanging at the periphery, so that the heat-insulating supporting block can be conveniently nested, and the end face is attached to the side face of the heat-insulating supporting block. The indoor side circuit board is a printed circuit board, the surface of one side with the flanging is provided with a plurality of rows of rectangular metal films, and each metal film corresponds to two adjacent cement-based Seebeck effect rods, so that the metal films are electrically communicated with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods; the middle of the indoor side circuit board in the thickness direction is a printed circuit layer, and the printed circuit is electrically communicated with the metal film on the indoor side circuit board. The other side surface of the indoor side circuit board is not provided with a printed circuit, and is closely attached to the bottom plate of the Venturi plate.
The heat-insulating support block, see fig. 2 and 4, fills the cavity between the flue side circuit board and the indoor side circuit board. The heat insulation supporting block is made of materials with low heat conductivity, large heat resistance and good heat insulation performance, such as polyurethane or hard glass fiber materials. Square through holes are arranged in the heat insulation supporting block, carbon fiber cement-based composite materials with corresponding P-type semiconductor properties and carbon fiber cement-based composite materials with N-type semiconductor properties are injected into the holes, and the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod are respectively formed by solidification. The ends of every two adjacent cement-based Seebeck effect rods correspond to one metal film on the surface of the flue side circuit board, so that the electric communication with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods is realized.
When the smoke with higher temperature enters the flue, the temperature of the Venturi plate rises and is higher than the indoor temperature. The temperature of one end of the flue side circuit board of the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and the temperature of one end of the flue side circuit board of the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod are close to the temperature of the venturi plate because the venturi plate is separated from the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod or the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod by only a half layer of flue side circuit board and the heat conduction effect of the venturi plate made of metal is strong. Also, due to the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation supporting block, the temperature of one end of the indoor side circuit board of the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and the temperature of one end of the indoor side circuit board of the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod are close to the indoor temperature. Therefore, a relatively obvious temperature difference exists at two ends of each P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod or each N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod, and a certain temperature electromotive force is generated.
Because the temperature electromotive force directions at the two ends of the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods are opposite to the temperature electromotive force directions of the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods, in order to stack the electromotive forces of all the cement-based Seebeck effect rods, the flue side circuit board and the outer wall side circuit board need to realize forward concatenation of the temperature electromotive forces at the two ends of all the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods, each N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod is reversely concatenated with each P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod, so that the more the number of the cement-based Seebeck effect rods is, the higher the obtained temperature difference electromotive force is. On the other hand, for convenient use and maintenance, the two total leading-out ends of all the cement-based Seebeck effect rods after being connected in series should be arranged on an indoor side circuit board, and the energy storage circuit module, the sensor module and the wireless transmission module should be also arranged on the indoor side circuit board, and enough spare area is reserved on the indoor side circuit board for realizing the circuit module.
Therefore, the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods are adopted, are arranged in a staggered mode in space and are numbered. See fig. 1 and 6. And fig. 7. Without loss of generality, the number (1) is set as a P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod, the number (2) is set as an N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod, thus, all odd numbers are set as P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods, the even numbers are set as N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods, and the number of the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods is equal. The metal film contacted with one end of the indoor side circuit board of the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number (1) is a total leading-out end. The P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number (1) is contacted with a metal film at one end of the flue side circuit board, and the metal film is contacted with the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number (2), namely the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number (1) and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number (2) share one metal film on the flue side circuit board to realize electric communication; the other end of the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number (2) is in contact with a metal film of the indoor circuit board, and the metal film is in contact with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number (3), namely the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number (2) and the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number (3) share one metal film on the indoor circuit board, so that electric communication is realized; and so on until the metal film on the indoor side circuit board contacted by the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the largest number is the other total leading-out end.
According to the embodiment, from the angle that the energy collection requirement of the wireless sensor node in the intelligent building is organically combined with the functions of the carbon fiber cement-based composite material, the temperature difference between the flue part and the periphery in the intelligent building is utilized, the fusion of the building structure and the building material nearby the flue is fully considered, the flue-indoor temperature difference energy collection device for collecting the temperature difference energy by utilizing the carbon fiber cement-based composite material is designed, the wireless sensor node is powered by a battery instead of the battery, a large amount of wiring is avoided, the use of the battery is avoided, the limitation of battery electric quantity and service life to the service life of the sensor node is avoided, the pollution caused by a chemical battery is avoided, and the convenient, durable and environment-friendly power supply mode of the intelligent building sensor is constructed.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a flue-indoor difference in temperature energy collection device which characterized in that: the energy collecting device comprises a Venturi plate, a bottom plate, a flue side circuit board, an indoor side circuit board and a heat insulation supporting block which are arranged from outside to inside, wherein a P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and an N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod are arranged in the heat insulation supporting block; in the cement thin-wall flue, a circular hole is reserved on the flue wall for installing a fireproof check valve, a smoke exhaust pipe is arranged on the outer side of the fireproof check valve, and two rectangular installation holes in the same form are reserved on the flue walls on two sides of the reserved circular hole respectively so as to install two groups of Venturi plates and a bottom plate respectively; two reserved rectangular mounting holes, one of which must be positioned on the side of the flue wall adjacent to the interior and the other on the opposite wall; the centers of the two rectangular mounting holes are the same in height and are close to the reserved round hole centers in height; the two rectangular mounting holes are identical in shape and size and are stepped square holes, and rectangular concave platforms which are convenient to mount are arranged on the outer sides of the perforated cement thin-wall flue walls;
the venturi plate material can be a metal material with high heat conductivity coefficient and light weight, the venturi plate is a metal plate bent into the flue, the bent section outline is approximately trapezoid, and the venturi plate is nested on a rectangular mounting hole of the wall of the cement thin-wall flue and protrudes into the flue; the periphery of the Venturi plate is provided with folded edges, so that the Venturi plate is convenient to assemble with the bottom plate;
the bottom plate spliced with the Venturi plate is a thin metal plate with a rectangular plane shape, and the material of the bottom plate is the same as that of the Venturi plate; the shape and the area of the bottom plate are matched with those of the reserved rectangular installation Kong Aotai on the cement thin-wall discharge flue; the venturi plate and the bottom plate are arranged on a rectangular mounting hole on one side of the flue wall adjacent to the indoor, the center of the bottom plate is provided with a square hole, the square hole is a vacant site reserved for mounting a wireless sensor, and the position of the square hole corresponds to the vacant site in the center of the indoor circuit board; a group of venturi plates and bottom plates are arranged on the rectangular mounting holes on one side of the flue wall, which is not adjacent to the indoor space, and the bottom plates of the venturi plates and the bottom plates are not provided with openings;
after the venturi plate is spliced with the bottom plate, six screws are used for installing and fixing the venturi plate and the bottom plate on the reserved rectangular mounting holes on the cement thin-wall flue, the total thickness of the venturi plate and the bottom plate after being spliced is the same as the thickness of the concave table at the outline edge of the reserved rectangular mounting holes on the cement thin-wall flue, and the bottom of the bottom plate is attached to the outer wall of the rectangular mounting holes of the flue;
the middle of a Venturi plate and a bottom plate which are arranged on the side, which is not adjacent to the indoor side, of the cement thin-wall discharge flue is a cavity;
the venturi plate and the cavity of the bottom plate with square holes are arranged in the cavity of the cement thin-wall discharge flue wall adjacent to the indoor side, and the structural layers of the fillers are as follows from inside to outside in sequence: the flue side circuit board, the heat-insulating supporting block and the indoor side circuit board are arranged in the heat-insulating supporting block, and the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod are arranged in the heat-insulating supporting block;
the flue side circuit board is arranged in a cavity of the venturi board and the bottom plate of the venturi board adjacent to the indoor side of the flue wall, is matched with the inner side contour of the venturi board and is tightly attached; the periphery of the flue side circuit board is provided with a flanging so as to nest the heat insulation supporting blocks;
the indoor side circuit board is arranged in a cavity of the venturi board and the bottom board of the venturi board adjacent to the indoor side of the flue wall and is clung to the inner side of the bottom board; the outer shape is a rectangular sheet with flanging at the periphery, so that the heat-insulating supporting block can be conveniently nested, and the end face is attached to the side face of the heat-insulating supporting block;
the heat-insulating supporting block is filled in the cavity between the flue side circuit board and the indoor side circuit board.
2. The flue-room temperature difference energy harvesting device of claim 1, wherein: the flue side circuit board is a printed circuit board, and a printed circuit is not arranged on one side which is in contact with the venturi plate in a fitting way, so that electric insulation with the venturi plate is formed; a plurality of rows of rectangular metal films are embedded into the surface of one side with the flanging, and each metal film corresponds to two adjacent cement-based Seebeck effect rods, so that the metal films are electrically communicated with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods; the middle of the flue side circuit board in the thickness direction is a printed circuit layer, and the printed circuit is electrically communicated with the metal film on the surface of the board; the metal film on the outer surface of the flue side circuit board corresponds to the cement-based Seebeck effect rod in space position, and the middle is only separated by half the thickness of the flue side circuit board.
3. The flue-room temperature difference energy harvesting device of claim 1, wherein: the indoor side circuit board is a printed circuit board, the surface of one side with the flanging is provided with a plurality of rows of rectangular metal films, and each metal film corresponds to two adjacent cement-based Seebeck effect rods to realize electric communication with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods; the middle of the indoor side circuit board in the thickness direction is a printed circuit layer, and the printed circuit is electrically communicated with the metal film on the surface of the indoor side circuit board; the other side surface of the indoor side circuit board is not provided with a printed circuit, and is closely attached to the bottom plate of the Venturi plate.
4. The flue-room temperature difference energy harvesting device of claim 1, wherein: the heat insulation supporting block is made of a material with low heat conductivity coefficient, high heat resistance and good heat insulation performance, square through holes are arranged in the heat insulation supporting block, carbon fiber cement-based composite materials with corresponding P-type semiconductor properties and carbon fiber cement-based composite materials with N-type semiconductor properties are injected into the holes, a P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and an N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod are respectively formed by solidification, and the ends of every two adjacent cement-based Seebeck effect rods correspond to one metal film on the surface of a flue side circuit board, so that the electric communication with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod is realized;
the temperature electromotive forces at two ends of all the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods are connected in series in the forward direction, each N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod is connected in series with each P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod in the reverse direction, two total leading-out ends of all the cement-based Seebeck effect rods after being connected in series are arranged on an indoor side circuit board, and an energy storage circuit module, a sensor module and a wireless transmission module are also arranged on the indoor side circuit board;
taking the same number of P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods and N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods, arranging the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods in a space staggered manner, numbering the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods, wherein all the odd-numbered P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods and the even-numbered N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rods are equal in number, the metal film contacted with one end of an indoor side circuit board of each P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod of the number 1 is a total leading-out end, the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod of the number 1 is contacted with the metal film at one end of a flue side circuit board, and the metal film is contacted with the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod of the number 2, namely the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod of the number 1 and the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod of the number 2 share one metal film on the flue side circuit board to realize electric communication; the other end of the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number 2 is contacted with a metal film of the indoor circuit board, the metal film is contacted with the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number 3, namely the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number 2 and the P-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the number 3 share one metal film on the indoor circuit board, and electric communication is realized; and so on until the metal film on the indoor side circuit board contacted by the N-type cement-based Seebeck effect rod with the largest number is the other total leading-out end.
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