CN108597023A - A kind of geology based on slr camera is appeared 3 D model construction method - Google Patents

A kind of geology based on slr camera is appeared 3 D model construction method Download PDF

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CN108597023A
CN108597023A CN201810435380.XA CN201810435380A CN108597023A CN 108597023 A CN108597023 A CN 108597023A CN 201810435380 A CN201810435380 A CN 201810435380A CN 108597023 A CN108597023 A CN 108597023A
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image
geology
model
point
appeared
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CN108597023B (en
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刘善伟
王朝
冯建伟
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China University of Petroleum East China
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China University of Petroleum East China
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
    • G06T17/05—Geographic models
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects

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Abstract

It appears 3 D model construction method the invention discloses a kind of geology based on slr camera, basic step is：Select geology appear characteristic point or setting artificial target as scale identification point；Geology image of appearing is acquired using the camera of fixed focal length；Aerial triangulation is carried out, tie point is automatically extracted, image position is determined by tie point inverse；Model dimension information is added；Aerial triangulation is carried out again；Irregular triangle network is built by tie point, generates lean type model, image plaster is carried out to it adds to obtain geology appearing threedimensional model；Optimized model, fills up models holes and cutting is lost interest in region, and implementation model optimizes.Methodological science provided by the invention rationally, be easily achieved, the advantages that precision is high, being appeared to geology using slr camera is carried out image collection structure geology and appears threedimensional model.

Description

A kind of geology based on slr camera is appeared 3 D model construction method
Technical field
The present invention relates to three-dimensional visualization Review of geologic model building techniques field more particularly to a kind of geology appear threedimensional model structure Application field, it is specifically a kind of geology is acquired by slr camera to appear image, appear three using image data structure geology The method of dimension module.
Background technology
It is the geologic body for being exposed to earth's surface that geology, which is appeared, and research geology, which is appeared, to be characterized in understanding subsurface reservoir geological condition Important means.As geological research target is increasingly intended to refine and complicate, geologic body characterization scale is smaller and smaller, passes The geology of system appear investigation (using geologic hammer, mark post as object of reference shoot photo) be used for obtain geologic body parameter method it is difficult To meet growth requirement.
Geologic body dimensional Modeling Technology has been applied to Geological Engineering field.Geology appear threedimensional model be using digitlization hand Section acquisition geology spatial information, colouring information and the texture information appeared, the true geology that restores are appeared field scene, and the mould is passed through Type can realize to geology appear feature fining three-dimensional spatial analysis and repeat study.Current geology is appeared three-dimensional modeling side The point cloud information (i.e. spatial information) that method is mainly appeared using three-dimensional laser scanner acquisition geology acquires shadow in conjunction with slr camera As data, geology is obtained by the two integration modeling and is appeared threedimensional model, but three-dimensional laser scanner is expensive and operation is multiple It is miscellaneous, fail in geology investigation commonly used.
It appears three-dimensional modeling method to explore geology a kind of at low cost and easy to operate, the present invention is using photogrammetric Technology has invented a set of geology based on slr camera image data and has appeared 3 D model construction method, can be real based on the model The fining description and high-precision that existing geology is appeared measure.
Invention content
(1) technical problems to be solved
It appears 3 D model construction method the present invention provides a kind of geology based on slr camera, fully considers that geology is revealed The needs of the characteristics of head and geology investigation are appeared modeling by carrying out geology three-dimensional, restore geology appear field scene, it can be achieved that The fining that geology is appeared measures and description.
(2) technical solution
The present invention comprises the steps of：
(1) scale identification point is set
Select geology appear characteristic point or setting artificial target as scale identification point, size should be greater than image to be collected Lowest spatial resolution, ensure clearly differentiate on image.The scale identification point that 3 specified conditions are arranged is A, B, C, profit With the distance between steel ruler accurate measuring scale identification point (unit is rice), fetch bit to whole millimeter.
(2) image collection
Geology image of appearing is acquired using the camera of fixed focal length, should during the distance appeared of camera distance geology Be consistent as possible, Duplication is remained above 75% between every image, by front, left side, right side, the upper side and lower side it is specific The image that acquisition order geology is appeared ensures image definition and region all standing of appearing.
(3) aerial triangulation for the first time is chosen with image
Aerial triangulation is carried out, tie point is automatically extracted, image position is determined by tie point inverse.According to aerial three If angular measurement calculates as a result, not matching image is located at tie point even density region, directly rejects this and do not match image；If not Matching image is located at tie point Density inhomogeneity region, then manually adds specific quantity on not matching image image adjacent with its Tie point.
(4) model dimension information is added
On image search and selecting step (1) setting scale identification point A, B, C as dimensional constraints point be followed successively by a, The distance between b, c, and obligatory point is set.
(5) secondary aerial triangulation
The operation of step (3) is repeated, until aerial triangulation is qualified.
(6) three-dimension modeling
By the tie point generated in step (5), structure structure irregular triangle network and lean type model, fitting texture are selected No-sundries block, the image of posture uniformity dislocation-free is fitted on lean type model and obtains geology and appear threedimensional model.
(7) threedimensional model optimizes
Model is optimized on the basis of step (6), including area's cutting is filled up and lost interest in models holes.It fills up Hole need to first choose suitable parameters dialogue body Model and be filled up, and then be bonded texture again.
Further, described step (1) mesoscale identification point A, B, C are in isosceles right triangle as possible, waist long AB's and AC Between setting distance range is 0.5 meter to 1 meter.
Further, certain amount of tie point is located in the overlapping region on adjacent image in the step (3) Four corners, centers totally 5 points.
Further, thorn point obtains step (4) to scale identification point A, B, C in the step (1) in corresponding image respectively In a, b, c, when setting the distance between obligatory point, set ab length to the measurement distance of the long AB of waist, ac length be arranged For the measurement distance of the long AC of waist.
Further, parameter selection rules are for the hole within the scope of area S (0≤S≤0.1) square metres in step (7) It is filled up using plane, for area S (0.1<S≤0.5) square metre within the scope of hole filled up using curved surface, for area S (S> Square metre 0.5) hole within the scope of is first put up a bridge among hole with curve, then is filled up with curved surface.
(3) advantageous effect (advantage)
Advantages of the present invention is embodied in：
Due to the limitations such as three-dimensional laser scanner is expensive, not portable and field operation is inconvenient, it is difficult to use three Dimension laser scanner, which appears to geology, carries out three-dimensional modeling.The present invention is anti-using list from the angle of applicability and availability Camera acquisition geology is appeared image, is generated the geology three-dimensional with dimensional information and is appeared.It appears scene in reduction field geology On the basis of, enable originally need field condition investigate measurement tasks carry out on computers quantification, fining description, It appears to geology and precisely describes significance.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the step flow chart that the present invention is implemented,
Fig. 2 is the scale identification point distribution schematic diagram that present invention implementation provides,
Fig. 3 is that the aerotriangulator that present invention implementation provides calculates result figure,
Fig. 4 is that the present invention implements to choose the position distribution schematic diagram of tie point in the adjacent image overlap area provided,
Fig. 5 is that the geology that provides of present invention implementation is appeared irregular triangle network figure,
Fig. 6 is that the geology that provides of present invention implementation is appeared lean type three-dimensional model diagram,
Fig. 7 is that the geology that provides of present invention implementation is appeared three-dimensional model diagram.
Specific implementation mode
To keep the purpose of the present invention, content and advantage clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, to the present invention's Specific implementation mode is described in further detail：
Referring to Fig.1, specific implementation step of the invention is：
(1) scale identification point is set
Select geology appear characteristic point or setting artificial target as scale identification point, size should be greater than image to be collected Lowest spatial resolution, ensure clearly differentiate on image.The scale identification point that 3 specified conditions are arranged is A, B, C, profit With the distance between steel ruler accurate measuring identification point (unit is rice), fetch bit to whole millimeter.
Its mesoscale identification point A, B, C are in isosceles right triangle (with reference to Fig. 2), the setting distance of waist long AB and AC as possible Ranging between 0.5 meter to 1 meter.
(2) image collection
Geology image of appearing is acquired using the camera of fixed focal length, should during the distance appeared of camera distance geology Be consistent as possible, Duplication is remained above 75% between every image, by front, left side, right side, the upper side and lower side it is specific The image that acquisition order geology is appeared ensures image definition and region all standing of appearing.
(3) aerial triangulation for the first time is chosen with image
Aerial triangulation is carried out, tie point is automatically extracted, image position is determined by tie point inverse.According to aerial three Angular measurement result of calculation (with reference to Fig. 3), if not matching image is located at tie point even density region, directly rejects this and does not match Image；If not matching image is located at tie point Density inhomogeneity region, manually add on not matching image image adjacent with its Add certain amount of tie point.
Wherein certain amount of tie point is located at four corners, centers totally 5 in the overlapping region on adjacent image A point (with reference to Fig. 4).
(4) model dimension information is added
On image search and selecting step (1) setting scale identification point A, B, C as dimensional constraints point be followed successively by a, The distance between b, c, and obligatory point is set.
Scale identification point A, B, C wherein in step (1) respectively the thorn point in corresponding image obtain a, b in step (4), C sets ab length to the measurement distance of the long AB of waist, sets ac length to the long AC of waist when the distance between obligatory point is arranged Measurement distance.
(5) secondary aerial triangulation
The operation of step (3) is repeated, until aerial triangulation is qualified.
(6) three-dimension modeling
By the tie point generated in step (5), structure structure irregular triangle network (with reference to Fig. 5) and lean type model (ginseng According to Fig. 6), no-sundries block the selection of fitting texture, the image of posture uniformity dislocation-free is fitted on lean type model and obtains ground Matter is appeared threedimensional model (with reference to Fig. 7).
(7) threedimensional model optimizes
Model is optimized on the basis of step (6), including area's cutting is filled up and lost interest in models holes.It fills up Hole need to first choose suitable parameters dialogue body Model and be filled up, and then be bonded texture again.
Wherein parameter selection rules are that the hole within the scope of area S (0≤S≤0.1) square metres is filled up using plane, For area S (0.1<S≤0.5) square metre within the scope of hole filled up using curved surface, for area S (S>0.5) square metre model Hole in enclosing first is put up a bridge among hole with curve, then is filled up with curved surface.

Claims (5)

  1. The 3 D model construction method 1. a kind of geology based on slr camera is appeared, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
    (1) scale identification point is set
    Select geology appear characteristic point or setting artificial target as scale identification point, size should be greater than image to be collected most Low spatial resolution ensures clearly differentiate on image, and the scale identification point of 3 specified conditions of setting is A, B, C, utilizes steel The distance between ruler accurate measuring scale identification point (unit is rice), fetch bit to whole millimeter；
    (2) image collection
    Geology image of appearing is acquired using the camera of fixed focal length, should during the distance appeared of camera distance geology as possible It is consistent, Duplication is remained above 75% between every image, by the particular order in front, left side, right side, the upper side and lower side The image that acquisition geology is appeared ensures image definition and region all standing of appearing；
    (3) aerial triangulation for the first time is chosen with image
    Aerial triangulation is carried out, tie point is automatically extracted, image position is determined by tie point inverse；It is surveyed according to aerial triangle If amount calculates as a result, not matching image is located at tie point even density region, directly rejects this and do not match image；If not matching Image is located at tie point Density inhomogeneity region, then manually adds certain amount of company on not matching image image adjacent with its Contact；
    (4) model dimension information is added
    It is searched on image and scale identification point A, B, C of selecting step (1) setting is followed successively by a, b, c as dimensional constraints point, The distance between and obligatory point is set；
    (5) secondary aerial triangulation
    The operation of step (3) is repeated, until aerial triangulation is qualified；
    (6) three-dimension modeling
    By the tie point generated in step (5), irregular triangle network and lean type model are built, fitting texture selects no-sundries to hide Gear, posture uniformity dislocation-free image be fitted on lean type model and obtain geology and appear threedimensional model；
    (7) threedimensional model optimizes
    Model is optimized on the basis of step (6), including area's cutting is filled up and lost interest in models holes；Fill up hole Suitable parameters dialogue body Model need to first be chosen to be filled up, be then bonded texture again.
  2. The 3 D model construction method 2. a kind of geology based on slr camera according to claim 1 is appeared, feature exist In：Described step (1) mesoscale identification point A, B, C are in isosceles right triangle, the setting distance range of waist long AB and AC as possible Between 0.5 meter to 1 meter.
  3. The 3 D model construction method 3. a kind of geology based on slr camera according to claim 1 is appeared, feature exist In：Certain amount of tie point is located at four corners, centers in the step (3) in the overlapping region on adjacent image Totally 5 points.
  4. The 3 D model construction method 4. a kind of geology based on slr camera according to claim 1 is appeared, feature exist In：A, b, c during by scale identification point A, B, C in step (1), thorn point obtains step (4) in corresponding image respectively, setting When the distance between obligatory point, sets ab length to the measurement distance of the long AB of waist, set ac length to the measurement of the long AC of waist Distance.
  5. The 3 D model construction method 5. a kind of geology based on slr camera according to claim 1 is appeared, feature exist In：Parameter selection rules are to use plane for the hole within the scope of area S (0≤S≤0.1) square metres in the step (7) It fills up, for area S (0.1<S≤0.5) square metre within the scope of hole filled up using curved surface, for area S (S>Square 0.5) Hole in rice range is first put up a bridge among hole with curve, then is filled up with curved surface.
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CN109916379A (en) * 2019-04-12 2019-06-21 中国石油大学(华东) A kind of field geology investigation new method appeared based on number
CN112204624A (en) * 2019-09-16 2021-01-08 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 Method and device for automatically shearing model and storage medium
CN112287718A (en) * 2019-07-23 2021-01-29 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Digital geological outcrop hole extraction method and device
CN113496551A (en) * 2021-08-12 2021-10-12 中国石油大学(华东) Terrain section line drawing method based on geological outcrop three-dimensional model
CN113538668A (en) * 2020-04-17 2021-10-22 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Geological model construction method, geological model construction system, storage medium and electronic equipment
CN113538669A (en) * 2020-04-17 2021-10-22 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Three-dimensional geological model construction method and system, storage medium and electronic equipment

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CN109916379A (en) * 2019-04-12 2019-06-21 中国石油大学(华东) A kind of field geology investigation new method appeared based on number
CN112287718A (en) * 2019-07-23 2021-01-29 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Digital geological outcrop hole extraction method and device
CN112287718B (en) * 2019-07-23 2024-05-03 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Digital geological outcrop hole extraction method and device
CN112204624A (en) * 2019-09-16 2021-01-08 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 Method and device for automatically shearing model and storage medium
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CN113538668A (en) * 2020-04-17 2021-10-22 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Geological model construction method, geological model construction system, storage medium and electronic equipment
CN113538669A (en) * 2020-04-17 2021-10-22 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Three-dimensional geological model construction method and system, storage medium and electronic equipment
CN113496551A (en) * 2021-08-12 2021-10-12 中国石油大学(华东) Terrain section line drawing method based on geological outcrop three-dimensional model
CN113496551B (en) * 2021-08-12 2022-04-12 中国石油大学(华东) Terrain section line drawing method based on geological outcrop three-dimensional model

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