CN106707363A - Method and system for determining three-dimensional digital outcrop geological model - Google Patents
Method and system for determining three-dimensional digital outcrop geological model Download PDFInfo
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- CN106707363A CN106707363A CN201611251311.0A CN201611251311A CN106707363A CN 106707363 A CN106707363 A CN 106707363A CN 201611251311 A CN201611251311 A CN 201611251311A CN 106707363 A CN106707363 A CN 106707363A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V11/00—Prospecting or detecting by methods combining techniques covered by two or more of main groups G01V1/00 - G01V9/00
Abstract
The present application discloses a method and system for determining a three-dimensional digital outcrop geologic model. The method comprises the following steps that: the terrain characteristic information of a target outcrop is acquired, the target outcrop is divided into at least one upright area outcrop, at least one horizontal area outcrop and a ground surface shallow-layer outcrop; the geological information of the target outcrop is determined; the spatial positioning data of the upright area outcrops, the spatial positioning data of the horizontal area outcrops and the spatial positioning data of the ground surface shallow-layer outcrops are determined; the three-dimensional data body of the upright area outcrops, the three-dimensional data body of the horizontal area outcrops, and the three-dimensional data body of the ground surface shallow-layer outcrops are determined; and the three-dimensional digital outcrop geologic model of the target outcrop is determined based on the geological information of the target outcrop, the three-dimensional data body of the upright area outcrops, the three-dimensional data body of the horizontal area outcrops and the three-dimensional data body of the ground surface shallow-layer outcrops. With the method and system adopted, the reliability of the determination of the three-dimensional digital outcrop geologic model can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The application is related to geological prospecting and oil-gas exploration technical field, more particularly to a kind of to determine that 3-dimensional digital is appeared geology
The method and system of model.
Background technology
It is the geologic body of crop out to appear, can be as the approximate analogy of subsurface reservoir, and to appearing, geologic feature grinds
It is the important means for understanding subsurface reservoir geological condition to study carefully.According to the features of terrain appeared, can typically appearing, it is straight to be divided into
Vertical area appears, the area that lies low appears and appeared with shallow surface.Setting up 3-dimensional digital geological model of appearing is adopted using digitizer
The spatial positional information that collection is appeared, it is combined with geological information of appearing, and obtains the 3D data volume with geological information of appearing.
By 3-dimensional digital appear geological model geologic feature of appearing can be carried out intuitively three-dimensional spatial analysis and repeat study.
Determine that the appear method of geological model of 3-dimensional digital has main steps that in the prior art：Using optical detection and measurement
The space orientation that (Ground-based light detection and ranging, Lidar) scanner collection purpose is appeared
Data；The space orientation data appeared to purpose carry out compilation process, obtain the 3D data volume that purpose is appeared；Stepped on by geology
The mode surveyed is appeared to purpose carries out geologic section actual measurement, obtains the geological information that purpose is appeared；The geology that binding purpose is appeared
Information, the 3D data volume appeared to purpose carries out geology demarcation treatment, determines that 3-dimensional digital that purpose is appeared is appeared Geological Model
Type.
Inventor has found that at least there are the following problems in the prior art：Appeared for exposure condition is more complicated, it can
Can be appeared including upright section, two or three type that the area that lies low appears in being appeared with shallow surface is appeared.Lidar scanners
It is only applicable to appear upright section and is scanned, it is impossible to the area that lies low is appeared and shallow surface is appeared and is scanned.Therefore, for
Exposure condition is more complicated to appear, and the method for using in the prior art cannot gather the space that the area that lain low during purpose is appeared appears
Location data, the space orientation data that gathered purpose may be caused to appear are imperfect, and then may cause identified three
Dimension word appear geological model reliability it is relatively low.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the present application be to provide it is a kind of determine that 3-dimensional digital is appeared the method and system of geological model, to carry
The 3-dimensional digital that height determines is appeared the reliability of geological model.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of method that determination 3-dimensional digital appears geological model
And system is realized in：
It is a kind of to determine that 3-dimensional digital is appeared the method for geological model, including：
The features of terrain information that purpose is appeared is obtained, according to the features of terrain information, the purpose is appeared and is divided into
At least one upright section is appeared, at least one area that lies low appears, and shallow surface is appeared；
Determine the geological information that the purpose is appeared；
The upright section is appeared using first group of equipment of pre-selection carry out the first data acquisition process, determines the upright section
The space orientation data appeared；The area that lies low is appeared using second group of equipment of pre-selection carry out the second data acquisition process, really
The space orientation data that the fixed area that lies low appears；The shallow surface is appeared using the 3rd group of equipment of pre-selection carry out the 3rd number
According to acquisition process, the space orientation data that the shallow surface is appeared are determined；
The 3D data volume that the upright section is appeared is determined based on the space orientation data that the upright section is appeared, based on institute
The 3D data volume that the area that lain low described in the space orientation data determination appeared in the area that lies low appears is stated, and based on the shallow surface
The space orientation data appeared determine the 3D data volume that the shallow surface is appeared；
3D data volume that the geological information appeared based on the purpose, the upright section are appeared, the area that lies low appear
3D data volume and the 3D data volume appeared of the shallow surface, determine that 3-dimensional digital that the purpose is appeared is appeared geology
Model.
In preferred scheme, the purpose is appeared carries out geologic section actual measurement, determines the geological information that the purpose is appeared.
In preferred scheme, described being appeared to purpose carries out geologic section actual measurement, obtains the geological information that the purpose is appeared,
Including：
Obtain the Lithofacies Types characteristic information that the purpose is appeared；
According to the Lithofacies Types characteristic information, the purpose is appeared and is divided into multiple substratums, and determine that each is small
The thickness of layer；
A sample is at least chosen on each described substratum, the porosity and permeability of the sample is determined；
Based on the porosity and permeability of the sample, and each substratum thickness, determine that the purpose is appeared
Measured geological section information；
Based on the measured geological section information, lateral tracking process is carried out on the substratum, determine the purpose dew
The geological information of head.
In preferred scheme, the geological information includes：Petrofacies interface information that the purpose is appeared, sequence interface information,
Petrofacies pinching dot position information, breakpoint location information and aspect occurrence information.
In preferred scheme, first group of equipment of the pre-selection includes：Optical detection and measurement scanner, pan-shot instrument and dynamic
State GPS.
In preferred scheme, described being appeared to the upright section using first group of equipment of pre-selection is carried out at the first data acquisition
Reason, determines the space orientation data that the upright section is appeared, including：
Obtain the dimension information in the face of appearing that the upright section is appeared；
According to the face dimension information of appearing that the upright section is appeared, the optical detection is set respectively and sweeping for scanner is measured
Retouch number of times and overlapping range, and the scanning times and overlapping range for setting the pan-shot instrument；
The upright section is appeared and is swept with the scanning times and overlapping range of measurement scanner based on the optical detection
Operation is retouched, the scan data that the upright section is appeared is obtained；
Scanning times and overlapping range based on the pan-shot instrument are appeared to the upright section and are scanned operation,
Obtain the photographic intelligence that the upright section is appeared；
Using on the face of appearing that the dynamic GPS is appeared to the upright section at least three pre- biddings
Will point carries out space orientation, obtains the positional information of the default index point；
Photographic intelligence and the default index point that scan data that the upright section is appeared, the upright section are appeared
Positional information, the space orientation data appeared as the upright section.
In preferred scheme, second group of equipment of the pre-selection includes：Dynamic GPS and UAV.
In preferred scheme, described being appeared to the area that lies low using second group of equipment of pre-selection is carried out at the second data acquisition
Reason, it is determined that the space orientation data that the area that lies low appears, including：
Carry out space and determine using the dynamic GPS upper multiple default target of being appeared to the area that lies low
Position, obtains the target placement information of the default target；
Lie low the geological information point that area appears described in obtaining, and is lain low to described using the dynamic GPS
The geological information point that area appears carries out space orientation, obtains the positional information of the geological information point that the area that lies low appears；
The area that lies low is appeared using the UAV carry out shooting operation, obtains described lying low what area appeared
Photographic intelligence；
The geological information point and the area's dew that lies low that the target placement information of the default target, the area that lies low are appeared
The photographic intelligence of head, as the space orientation data that the area that lies low appears.
In preferred scheme, the 3rd group of equipment of the pre-selection includes：Dynamic GPS and GPR.
In preferred scheme, described being appeared to the shallow surface using the 3rd group of equipment of pre-selection is carried out at the 3rd data acquisition
Reason, determines the space orientation data that the shallow surface is appeared, including：
Set earth's surface survey line scope and earth's surface survey line interval that the shallow surface is appeared；
The earth's surface survey line position appeared to the shallow surface using the dynamic GPS carries out space
Positioning, obtains the earth's surface survey line positional information；
Earth's surface survey line scope and earth's surface the survey line interval appeared according to the shallow surface, using the GPR to institute
Stating shallow surface and appearing carries out detection operation, obtains the position of stratum information that the shallow surface is appeared；
The earth's surface survey line positional information and the position of stratum information, the space appeared as the shallow surface are determined
Position data.
A kind of to determine that 3-dimensional digital is appeared the system of geological model, the system includes：Appear division module, geological information
Determining module, space orientation data determining device, 3D data volume determining module and geological model determining module of appearing；Wherein,
The division module of appearing, for obtaining the features of terrain information that purpose is appeared, according to the features of terrain information,
The purpose is appeared and is divided into that at least one upright section is appeared, at least one area that lies low appears, and shallow surface is appeared；
The geological information determining module, for determining the geological information that the purpose is appeared；
The space orientation data determining device, including：Preselect first group of equipment, second group of equipment of pre-selection and pre-selection the 3rd
Group equipment；Described first group of equipment of pre-selection is used to appear the upright section to carry out the first data acquisition process, determines described straight
The space orientation data that vertical area appears；Described second group of equipment of pre-selection is used to appear the area that lies low to carry out the second data acquisition
Treatment, it is determined that the space orientation data that the area that lies low appears；Described the 3rd group of equipment of pre-selection is used to reveal the shallow surface
Head carries out the 3rd data acquisition process, determines the space orientation data that the shallow surface is appeared；
The 3D data volume determining module, the space orientation data for being appeared based on the upright section determine described straight
The 3D data volume that vertical area appears, the space orientation data appeared based on the area that lies low determine described in lie low the three-dimensional that area appears
Data volume, and the space orientation data appeared based on the shallow surface determine the three-dimensional data that the shallow surface is appeared
Body；
The geological model determining module of appearing, for geological information, the upright section dew appeared based on the purpose
The 3D data volume that the 3D data volume and the shallow surface that the 3D data volume of head, the area that lies low appear are appeared, it is determined that
The 3-dimensional digital that the purpose is appeared is appeared geological model.
In preferred scheme, the geological information determining module, including：Lithofacies Types characteristic information acquisition module, substratum are drawn
Sub-module, sample message determining module, measured geological section information determination module and lateral tracking process module；Wherein,
The Lithofacies Types characteristic information acquisition module, for obtaining the Lithofacies Types characteristic information that the purpose is appeared；
The detail stratigraphic division determining module, for according to the Lithofacies Types characteristic information, the purpose is appeared division
It is multiple substratums, and determines the thickness of each substratum；
The sample message determining module, at least choosing a sample on each described substratum, determines the sample
The porosity and permeability of product；
The measured geological section information determination module, for the porosity and permeability based on the sample, Yi Jisuo
The thickness of each substratum is stated, the measured geological section information that the purpose is appeared is determined；
The lateral tracking process module, for based on the cross-section, laterally being chased after on the substratum
Track treatment, determines the geological information that the purpose is appeared.
The embodiment of the present application is provided and a kind of determines that 3-dimensional digital is appeared the method and system of geological model, reveals according to purpose
Different types of region of appearing in head, such as upright section is appeared, the area that lies low appears and shallow surface is appeared, and selection sets accordingly
It is standby that data acquisition is carried out to it.Appeared for exposure condition is more complicated, purpose can not only be gathered using the application method
The space orientation data that middle upright section of appearing is appeared, can also gather that the area that lain low during purpose is appeared is appeared and shallow surface is appeared
Space orientation data, it is ensured that the integrality of the space orientation data that the purpose for being gathered is appeared, so can improve really
Fixed 3-dimensional digital is appeared the reliability of geological model.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly of the embodiment of the present application or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
The accompanying drawing to be used needed for having technology description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments described in application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, are not paying the premise of creative labor
Under, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 be the application it is a kind of determine 3-dimensional digital appear geological model embodiment of the method flow chart；
Fig. 2 be the application determine 3-dimensional digital appear geological model system embodiment composition structure chart；
Fig. 3 be the application determine 3-dimensional digital appear geological model system embodiment in geological information determining module group
Into structure chart.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present application provides the method and system that a kind of determination 3-dimensional digital appears geological model.
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the technical scheme in the application, below in conjunction with the application reality
The accompanying drawing in example is applied, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only some embodiments of the present application, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, this area is common
The every other embodiment that technical staff is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, should all belong to the application protection
Scope.
Fig. 1 be the application it is a kind of determine 3-dimensional digital appear geological model embodiment of the method flow chart.Such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show, it is described to determine that 3-dimensional digital is appeared the method for geological model, is comprised the following steps.
Step S101：The features of terrain information that purpose is appeared is obtained, according to the features of terrain information, by purpose dew
Head is divided into that at least one upright section is appeared, at least one area that lies low appears, and shallow surface is appeared.
Specifically, by way of landform of appearing is investigated, the features of terrain information that the purpose is appeared can be obtained.It is described
Features of terrain information can include：The angle of what the purpose was appeared appear face and ground level.According to the dew that the purpose is appeared
The angle of head and ground level, the purpose can be appeared is divided into that at least one upright section is appeared, at least one lies low area
Appear, and appeared with shallow surface.The angle of the face of appearing and ground level can be more than 45 degree and the dew more than earth's surface
Head is divided into the upright section and appears.The face of appearing can be less than 45 degree and appearing more than earth's surface with the angle of ground level
The area that lies low is divided into appear.The angle of the face of appearing and ground level can be drawn at appearing less than 45 degree and below earth's surface
It is divided into the shallow surface to appear.The subterranean depth that the shallow surface is appeared may range within 20 meters.
Step S102：Determine the geological information that the purpose is appeared.
Specifically, the purpose is appeared carries out geologic section actual measurement, it may be determined that the geological information that the purpose is appeared.
The geological information that the purpose is appeared can include：The geology that geological information that the upright section is appeared, the area that lies low appear
The geological information of information and the shallow surface.The geological information can include：Petrofacies interface information that the purpose is appeared,
Sequence interface information, petrofacies pinching dot position information, breakpoint location information and aspect occurrence information.
In one embodiment, described being appeared to purpose carries out geologic section actual measurement, obtains the ground that the purpose is appeared
Matter information, can include：The Lithofacies Types characteristic information that the purpose is appeared can be obtained；Believed according to the Lithofacies Types feature
Breath, the purpose can be appeared be divided into multiple substratums, and the thickness that can determine each substratum；In each substratum
On at least choose a sample, it may be determined that the porosity and permeability of the sample；Porosity based on the sample and ooze
The thickness of rate, and each substratum thoroughly, it may be determined that the measured geological section information that the purpose is appeared；Based on the reality
Geological section information is surveyed, lateral tracking process is carried out on the substratum, it may be determined that the geological information that the purpose is appeared.
The Lithofacies Types characteristic information can include：Rock texture type, mineralogical composition, deposition structure, thickness, rock
Grain type and content, and rock particles size.The measured geological section information can represent that the purpose is hung down in appearing
The section geological information on straight ground.
It is possible to further be observed the face of appearing using magnifying glass, the Lithofacies Types spy that the purpose is appeared is obtained
Reference ceases.
Further, it is described the purpose to be appeared and is divided into multiple substratums according to Lithofacies Types characteristic information, can wrap
Include：According to the Lithofacies Types characteristic information, it may be determined that various Lithofacies Types that the purpose is appeared；Can be by the purpose
The corresponding rock stratum of a kind of Lithofacies Types in the various Lithofacies Types appeared is divided into a substratum.
It should be noted that step S102 can be before or after the step S103, it is also possible to before step S104 or
Afterwards, the application is not defined to this.
Step S103：The upright section is appeared using first group of equipment of pre-selection carry out the first data acquisition process, it is determined that
The space orientation data that the upright section is appeared.The area that lies low is appeared using second group of equipment of pre-selection carried out the second data and adopt
Collection treatment, it is determined that the space orientation data that the area that lies low appears.The shallow surface is appeared using the 3rd group of equipment of pre-selection
The 3rd data acquisition process is carried out, the space orientation data that the shallow surface is appeared are determined.
Optical detection and measurement (Ground-based light detection and ranging, Lidar) scanner
Operation principle is to calculate elevation using the range finding of laser TWT, with reference to laser excitation instrument coordinate, by laser beam to appearing
The face of appearing carry out pointwise and successively scan, to appearing on sampled point carry out space orientation.The equipment is typically placed in earth's surface one
On support, it is only capable of being scanned objects in front, therefore, it can be scanned for appearing whole upright section, it is impossible to be used for
The upper surface that the area that lies low appears is scanned, being also not used to appear whole shallow surface is scanned.
Dynamic GPS (RTK-GPS) can include a base station and a movement station, its operation principle
It is interacting using base station and satellite, corrects the position of movement station, can be used for the sampled point appeared to the area that lies low and typical case circle
Face carries out space orientation, it is also possible to carries out space for the index point appeared on face appeared to upright section or default target and determines
Position, the earth's surface survey line position that can be also used for appearing shallow surface carries out space orientation.
The operation principle of GPR (Ground-penetrating radar, GPR) is：Exciter in the GPR
Electromagnetic wave is inspired, the receiver in the GPR receives the electromagnetic wave.Can be obtained by the translation of exciter and receiver
Two dimension or 3D data volume that shallow surface is appeared.Can be to the allusion quotation of the geologic body in the range of about 20 meters of underground using the GPR
Type interface and sampled point space orientation.
Pan-shot instrument (Gigapan) and UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, UAV) are all
High resolution picture acquisition instrument, can be used for controlling the rotation or movement of camera, to realize being pointed to dew more than earth's surface
Head carries out photo acquisition.Wherein, the Gigapan is typically placed on the support of earth's surface one, can be used for what upright section was appeared
The face of appearing is shot.The UAV can be used in the air shooting the face of appearing that the area that lies low appears.
First group of equipment of the pre-selection can include：Lidar scanners, Gigapan and RTK-GPS.The pre-selection second
Group equipment can include：RTK-GPS and UAV.The 3rd group of equipment of the pre-selection can include：RTK-GPS and GPR.
Described being appeared to the upright section using first group of equipment of pre-selection carries out the first data acquisition process, determines described straight
The space orientation data that vertical area appears, can specifically include：Obtain the dimension information in the face of appearing that the upright section is appeared；According to
What the upright section was appeared appear face dimension information, can respectively set the scanning times of the Lidar scanners and overlap model
Enclose, and set the scanning times and overlapping range of the Gigapan.Scanning times and weight based on the Lidar scanners
Folded scope is appeared to the upright section and is scanned operation, can obtain the scan data that the upright section is appeared；Based on described
The scanning times and overlapping range of Gigapan are appeared to the upright section and are scanned operation, can obtain the upright section dew
The photographic intelligence of head；Carried out using on the face of appearing that the RTK-GPS appears to the upright section at least three default index points
Space orientation, can obtain the positional information of the default index point；It is the scan data that the upright section can be appeared, described
Photographic intelligence and the positional information of the default index point that upright section is appeared, as the space orientation that the upright section is appeared
Data.
Described at least three default index points can not be in approximately the same plane.The default index point can be described straight
There is the rock of mark action on what vertical area appeared appear face.
Further, during the scan data that the collection upright section is appeared, the Lidar scanners it is adjacent
The region of appearing of twice sweep can have overlap.It is two neighboring during the photographic intelligence that the collection upright section is appeared
Photo can have overlap.The default index point can represent the control on face of appearing that the upright section is appeared with mark action
Point processed.
Described being appeared to the area that lies low using second group of equipment of pre-selection carries out the second data acquisition process, determines described flat
Lie the space orientation data that area appears, can include：The area that lies low is appeared upper multiple default target using the RTK-GPS
Space orientation is carried out, the target placement information of the default target can be obtained；The geology that the area that lies low appears can be obtained
Information point, space orientation is carried out using the RTK-GPS to the geological information point that the area that lies low appears, and can obtain described flat
Lie the positional information of geological information point that area appears；The area that lies low is appeared using the UAV carry out shooting operation, can obtain
To the photographic intelligence that the area that lies low appears；Can by the target placement information of the default target, described lie low what area appeared
The photographic intelligence that the positional information of geological information point and the area that lies low appear, as the space orientation number that the area that lies low appears
According to.The geological information point that the area that lies low appears can include：Sample point, petrofacies interface point, sequence that the area that lies low appears
Interface point and breakpoint.
The default target can be the mark with mark action pre-set on face of appearing that the area that lies low appears
Target.
It is possible to further the geological information point that the area that by way of geological prospecting of appearing, lain low described in acquisition appears.
Described being appeared to the shallow surface using the 3rd group of equipment of pre-selection carries out the 3rd data acquisition process, it is determined that described
The space orientation data that shallow surface is appeared, can include：Can set earth's surface survey line scope that the shallow surface appears and
Earth's surface survey line is spaced；The earth's surface survey line position appeared to the shallow surface using the RTK-GPS carries out space orientation, can be with
Obtain the earth's surface survey line positional information；Earth's surface survey line scope and earth's surface the survey line interval appeared according to the shallow surface, profit
The shallow surface is appeared with the GPR carry out detection operation, can obtain the position of stratum letter that the shallow surface is appeared
Breath；The earth's surface survey line positional information and the position of stratum information, the space appeared as the shallow surface can be determined
Position data.
Step S104：Determine the three-dimensional data that the upright section is appeared based on the space orientation data that the upright section is appeared
Body, the space orientation data appeared based on the area that lies low determine described in lie low the 3D data volume that area appears, and based on institute
State the space orientation data that shallow surface appears and determine the 3D data volume that the shallow surface is appeared.
Specifically, it is described to determine the three-dimensional data that the upright section is appeared based on the space orientation data that upright section is appeared
Body, can include：The scan data that upright section is appeared in the space orientation data that can be appeared to the upright section carries out first
Splicing；The photographic intelligence that upright section is appeared in the space orientation data that can be appeared to the upright section carries out the second splicing
Treatment；Positional information, first splicing of index point are preset in the space orientation data appeared based on the upright section
Photographic intelligence after rear scan data and second splicing, it may be determined that the three-dimensional data that the upright section is appeared
Body.The coordinate system of the 3D data volume that the upright section is appeared is identical with the coordinate system of the RTK-GPS.
In one embodiment, first splicing, can include：For the scanning number that the upright section is appeared
According to three scan datas of characteristic point carry out splicing in being based on the overlapping region of appearing of its adjacent twice sweep.
In one embodiment, second splicing, can include：For the photo letter that the upright section is appeared
Breath, the photographic intelligence that can be based on being overlapped in its adjacent photo for shooting twice carries out splicing.
The space orientation data appeared based on the area that lies low are lain low the 3D data volume that area appears described in determining, can be wrapped
Include：The photographic intelligence that area appears that lain low in the space orientation data that can be appeared to the area that lies low carries out the 3rd splicing；
After the target placement information and the 3rd splicing of target being preset in the space orientation data appeared based on the area that lies low
Photographic intelligence, it may be determined that the 3D data volume that the area that lies low appears.The seat of the 3D data volume that the area that lies low appears
Mark system is identical with the coordinate system of the RTK-GPS.
In one embodiment, the 3rd splicing, can include：For the photo letter that the area that lies low appears
Breath, the photographic intelligence that can be based on being overlapped in its adjacent photo for shooting twice carries out splicing.
The space orientation data that the shallow surface is appeared are directly obtained using GPR, can directly by the earth's surface
The 3D data volume that the space orientation data that shallow-layer is appeared are appeared as the shallow surface.
Step S105：It is 3D data volume that the geological information appeared based on the purpose, the upright section are appeared, described flat
Lie the 3D data volume that area appears and the 3D data volume that the shallow surface is appeared, determine the 3-dimensional digital that the purpose is appeared
Appear geological model.
Specifically, the geological information that upright section is appeared in the geological information appeared based on the purpose, can be to described straight
The 3D data volume that vertical area appears carries out the first geology demarcation treatment, it may be determined that the 3-dimensional digital that the upright section is appeared is appeared
Geologic data.Lain low the geological information that area appears in the geological information appeared based on the purpose, can be to the area's dew that lies low
Head 3D data volume carry out the second geology demarcation treatment, it may be determined that the 3-dimensional digital that the area that lies low appears appear ground prime number
According to.The geological information that shallow surface is appeared in the geological information appeared based on the purpose, can appear to the shallow surface
3D data volume carry out the 3rd geology demarcation treatment, it may be determined that the 3-dimensional digital that the shallow surface is appeared appear ground prime number
According to.The 3-dimensional digital appeared based on the upright section 3-dimensional digital that geologic data, the area that lies low appear of appearing is appeared geology
The 3-dimensional digital that data and the shallow surface are appeared is appeared geologic data, it may be determined that the 3-dimensional digital dew that the purpose is appeared
Head geological model.
Further, the geological information that upright section is appeared in the geological information appeared based on purpose, to described upright
The 3D data volume that area appears carries out the first geology demarcation treatment, determines that 3-dimensional digital that the upright section is appeared is appeared ground prime number
According to can include：The geological information interrupting layer positional information and aspect occurrence information appeared based on the upright section, to described straight
The 3D data volume that vertical area appears is tracked interpretation process, it may be determined that the 3-dimensional digital that the upright section is appeared is appeared geology
Data.
Further, lain low the geological information that area appears in the geological information appeared based on purpose, is lain low to described
The 3D data volume that area appears carries out the second geology demarcation treatment, the ground prime number it is determined that the 3-dimensional digital that the area that lies low appears is appeared
According to can include：Dot position information and Plane Location information are interrupted based on the geological information that the area that lies low appears, to described flat
The 3D data volume that area appears of lying carries out compilation process, it may be determined that the 3-dimensional digital that the area that lies low appears is appeared ground prime number
According to.
Further, the geological information that shallow surface is appeared in the geological information appeared based on the purpose, to institute
Stating the 3D data volume that shallow surface appears carries out the 3rd geology demarcation treatment, determines the 3-dimensional digital that the shallow surface is appeared
Appear geologic data, can include：Petrofacies interface information, sequence interface letter in the geological information appeared based on the shallow surface
Breath and petrofacies pinching dot position information, deck structure interpretation process is carried out to the 3D data volume that the shallow surface is appeared, can
To determine that 3-dimensional digital that the shallow surface is appeared is appeared geologic data.
Further, it is described to be appeared three dimensions that geologic data, the area that lies low appear based on the 3-dimensional digital that upright section is appeared
The word 3-dimensional digital that geologic data and shallow surface appear of appearing is appeared geologic data, determines the 3-dimensional digital that the purpose is appeared
Appear geological model, can include：By the 3-dimensional digital that the upright section is appeared appear geologic data, described lie low what area appeared
The 3-dimensional digital 3-dimensional digital that geologic data and the shallow surface appear geologic data of appearing of appearing is carried out at aspect line integration
Reason, it may be determined that the 3-dimensional digital that the purpose is appeared is appeared geological model.
It is described to determine that 3-dimensional digital is appeared the embodiment of the method for geological model, it is different types of in being appeared according to purpose to appear
Region, such as upright section are appeared, the area that lies low appears and shallow surface is appeared, and the corresponding equipment of selection carries out data and adopts to it
Collection.Appeared for exposure condition is more complicated, purpose middle upright section of appearing can be not only gathered using the application method and is appeared
Space orientation data, the area that lain low during purpose is appeared can also be gathered and appeared the space orientation data appeared with shallow surface, can
To ensure the integrality of the space orientation data that gathered purpose is appeared, and then identified 3-dimensional digital can be improved appear
The reliability of geological model.
Fig. 2 be the application determine 3-dimensional digital appear geological model system embodiment composition structure chart.Such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show, it is described to determine that 3-dimensional digital is appeared the system of geological model, be included：Division module of appearing 100, geological information determines mould
Block 200, space orientation data determining device 300,3D data volume determining module 400 and geological model determining module 500 of appearing.
The division module 100 of appearing, can be used for obtaining the features of terrain information that purpose is appeared, special according to the landform
Reference ceases, and the purpose can be appeared is divided into that at least one upright section is appeared, at least one area that lies low appears, and earth's surface
Shallow-layer is appeared.
The geological information determining module 200, is determined for the geological information that the purpose is appeared.
The space orientation data determining device 300, can include：Preselect first group of equipment, pre-selection second group of equipment and
Preselect the 3rd group of equipment；First group of equipment of the pre-selection can be used for appearing the upright section and carry out at the first data acquisition
Reason, it may be determined that the space orientation data that the upright section is appeared；Second group of equipment of the pre-selection can be used for being lain low to described
Area appears carries out the second data acquisition process, it may be determined that the space orientation data that the area that lies low appears；The pre-selection the 3rd
Group equipment can be used for appearing the shallow surface and carry out the 3rd data acquisition process, it may be determined that the shallow surface is appeared
Space orientation data.
The 3D data volume determining module 400, the space orientation data that can be used for appearing based on the upright section are true
The 3D data volume that the fixed upright section is appeared, the space orientation data appeared based on the area that lies low can determine described lying low
The 3D data volume that area appears, and the space orientation data appeared based on the shallow surface can determine the shallow surface
The 3D data volume appeared.
The geological model determining module 500 of appearing is the geological information that can be used for appearing based on the purpose, described straight
The three-dimensional data that the 3D data volume and the shallow surface that 3D data volume that vertical area appears, the area that lies low appear are appeared
Body, determines that 3-dimensional digital that the purpose is appeared is appeared geological model.
Fig. 3 be the application determine 3-dimensional digital appear geological model system embodiment in geological information determining module group
Into structure chart.As shown in figure 3, geological information determining module 200 in Fig. 2, including：Lithofacies Types characteristic information acquisition module 210,
Detail stratigraphic division module 220, sample message determining module 230, measured geological section information determination module 240 and lateral tracking process
Module 250.
The Lithofacies Types characteristic information acquisition module 210, can be used for obtaining the Lithofacies Types spy that the purpose is appeared
Reference ceases.
The detail stratigraphic division determining module 220, can be used for according to the Lithofacies Types characteristic information, by purpose dew
Head is divided into multiple substratums, and the thickness for determining each substratum.
The sample message determining module 230, can be used at least choosing a sample on each substratum, it is determined that
The porosity and permeability of the sample.
The measured geological section information determination module 240, can be used for the porosity and permeability based on the sample,
And the thickness of each substratum, determine the measured geological section information that the purpose is appeared.
The lateral tracking process module 250, can be used for, based on the cross-section, being carried out on the substratum
Lateral tracking process, it may be determined that the geological information that the purpose is appeared.
It is described to determine that the appear system embodiment and the determination 3-dimensional digital of geological model of 3-dimensional digital is appeared Geological Model
The embodiment of the method for type is corresponding, it is ensured that the integrality of the space orientation data that the purpose for being gathered is appeared, and then can be with
3-dimensional digital determined by improving is appeared the reliability of geological model.
In the nineties in 20th century, can clearly be distinguished for the improvement of a technology be on hardware improvement (for example,
Improvement to circuit structures such as diode, transistor, switches) or software on improvement (for the improvement of method flow).So
And, with the development of technology, the improvement of current many method flows can be considered as directly improving for hardware circuit.
Designer nearly all obtains corresponding hardware circuit by the way that improved method flow is programmed into hardware circuit.Cause
This, it cannot be said that an improvement for method flow cannot be realized with hardware entities module.For example, PLD
(Programmable Logic Device, PLD) (such as field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate
Array, FPGA)) it is exactly such a integrated circuit, its logic function is determined by user to device programming.By designer
Voluntarily programming comes a digital display circuit " integrated " on a piece of PLD, without asking chip maker to design and make
Special IC chip 2.And, nowadays, substitution manually makes IC chip, and this programming is also used instead mostly
" logic compiler (logic compiler) " software realizes that software compiler used is similar when it writes with program development
Seemingly, also handy specific programming language is write for source code and before compiling, and this is referred to as hardware description language
(Hardware Description Language, HDL), and HDL is also not only a kind of, but have many kinds, such as ABEL
(Advanced Boolean Expression Language)、AHDL(Altera Hardware Description
Language)、Confluence、CUPL(Cornell University Programming Language)、HDCal、JHDL
(Java Hardware Description Language)、Lava、Lola、MyHDL、PALASM、RHDL(Ruby
Hardware Description Language) etc., that most commonly use at present is VHDL (Very-High-Speed
Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language) and Verilog2.Those skilled in the art
It will be apparent to the skilled artisan that only needing to for method flow slightly programming in logic and to be programmed into integrated circuit with above-mentioned several hardware description languages
In, it is possible to it is readily available the hardware circuit for realizing the logical method flow.
Controller can be implemented in any suitable manner, for example, controller can take such as microprocessor or treatment
Device and storage can by the computer of the computer readable program code (such as software or firmware) of (micro-) computing device
Read medium, gate, switch, application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit,
ASIC), the form of programmable logic controller (PLC) and embedded microcontroller, the example of controller includes but is not limited to following microcontroller
Device：ARC 625D, Atmel AT91SAM, Microchip PIC18F26K20 and Silicone Labs C8051F320, deposit
Memory controller is also implemented as a part for the control logic of memory.
It is also known in the art that in addition to realizing controller in pure computer readable program code mode, it is complete
Entirely can by by method and step carry out programming in logic come cause controller with gate, switch, application specific integrated circuit, may be programmed
Logic controller realizes identical function with the form of embedded microcontroller etc..Therefore this controller is considered one kind
Hardware component, and the device for realizing various functions to including in it can also be considered as the structure in hardware component.Or
Even, can be used to realizing that the device of various functions is considered as not only being the software module of implementation method but also can be Hardware Subdivision
Structure in part.
System, device, module or unit that above-described embodiment is illustrated, can specifically be realized by computer chip or entity,
Or realized by the product with certain function.
For convenience of description, it is divided into various units with function during description apparatus above to describe respectively.Certainly, this is being implemented
The function of each unit can be realized in same or multiple softwares and/or hardware during application.
As seen through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be understood that the application can
Realized by the mode of software plus required general hardware platform.Based on such understanding, the technical scheme essence of the application
On the part that is contributed to prior art in other words can be embodied in the form of software product, in a typical configuration
In, computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input/output interface, network interface and internal memory.The computer is soft
Part product can be used to including some instructions so that a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server, or network
Equipment etc.) perform method described in some parts of each embodiment of the application or embodiment.The computer software product can
To store in internal memory, internal memory potentially includes the volatile memory in computer-readable medium, random access memory
And/or the form, such as read-only storage (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM) such as Nonvolatile memory (RAM).Internal memory is computer
The example of computer-readable recording medium.Computer-readable medium includes that permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media can be by
Any method or technique realizes information Store.Information can be computer-readable instruction, data structure, the module of program or its
His data.The example of the storage medium of computer includes, but are not limited to phase transition internal memory (PRAM), static RAM
(SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other kinds of random access memory (RAM), read-only storage
(ROM), Electrically Erasable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), fast flash memory bank or other memory techniques, read-only optical disc are read-only
Memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storages, magnetic cassette tape, tape magnetic rigid disk storage or
Other magnetic storage apparatus or any other non-transmission medium, can be used to store the information that can be accessed by a computing device.According to
Herein defines, and computer-readable medium does not include of short duration computer readable media (transitory media), such as modulation
Data-signal and carrier wave.
Each embodiment in this specification is described by the way of progressive, identical similar portion between each embodiment
Divide mutually referring to what each embodiment was stressed is the difference with other embodiment.Especially for system reality
Apply for example, because it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method, so description is fairly simple, related part is referring to embodiment of the method
Part explanation.
The application can be used in numerous general or special purpose computing system environments or configuration.For example：Personal computer, clothes
Business device computer, handheld device or portable set, laptop device, multicomputer system, the system based on microprocessor, put
Top box, programmable consumer-elcetronics devices, network PC, minicom, mainframe computer, including any of the above system or equipment
DCE etc..
The application can be described in the general context of computer executable instructions, such as program
Module.Usually, program module includes performing particular task or realizes routine, program, object, the group of particular abstract data type
Part, data structure etc..The application can also be in a distributed computing environment put into practice, in these DCEs, by
Remote processing devices connected by communication network perform task.In a distributed computing environment, program module can be with
In local and remote computer-readable storage medium including including storage device.
Although depicting the application by embodiment, it will be appreciated by the skilled addressee that the application have it is many deformation and
Change is without deviating from spirit herein, it is desirable to which appended claim includes these deformations and changes without deviating from the application's
Spirit.
Claims (12)
1. it is a kind of to determine that 3-dimensional digital is appeared the method for geological model, it is characterised in that including：
The features of terrain information that purpose is appeared is obtained, according to the features of terrain information, the purpose is appeared and is divided at least
One upright section is appeared, at least one area that lies low appears, and shallow surface is appeared；
Determine the geological information that the purpose is appeared；
The upright section is appeared using first group of equipment of pre-selection carry out the first data acquisition process, determines that the upright section is appeared
Space orientation data；The area that lies low is appeared using second group of equipment of pre-selection carry out the second data acquisition process, determines institute
State the space orientation data appeared in the area that lies low；The shallow surface is appeared using the 3rd group of equipment of pre-selection carried out the 3rd data and adopt
Collection treatment, determines the space orientation data that the shallow surface is appeared；
The 3D data volume that the upright section is appeared is determined based on the space orientation data that the upright section is appeared, based on described flat
The space orientation data that area appears of lying lie low the 3D data volume that area appears described in determining, and are appeared based on the shallow surface
Space orientation data determine the 3D data volume that the shallow surface is appeared；
3D data volume that the geological information appeared based on the purpose, the upright section are appeared, the area that lies low appear three
The 3D data volume that dimension data body and the shallow surface are appeared, determines that 3-dimensional digital that the purpose is appeared is appeared Geological Model
Type.
2. it is according to claim 1 a kind of to determine that 3-dimensional digital is appeared the method for geological model, it is characterised in that to described
Purpose is appeared carries out geologic section actual measurement, determines the geological information that the purpose is appeared.
3. it is according to claim 2 a kind of to determine that 3-dimensional digital is appeared the method for geological model, it is characterised in that described right
Purpose is appeared carries out geologic section actual measurement, obtains the geological information that the purpose is appeared, including：
Obtain the Lithofacies Types characteristic information that the purpose is appeared；
According to the Lithofacies Types characteristic information, the purpose is appeared and is divided into multiple substratums, and determine each substratum
Thickness；
A sample is at least chosen on each described substratum, the porosity and permeability of the sample is determined；
Based on the porosity and permeability of the sample, and each substratum thickness, determine the reality that the purpose is appeared
Survey geological section information；
Based on the measured geological section information, lateral tracking process is carried out on the substratum, determine what the purpose was appeared
Geological information.
4. it is according to claim 1 a kind of to determine that 3-dimensional digital is appeared the method for geological model, it is characterised in that describedly
Matter information includes：Petrofacies interface information, sequence interface information, petrofacies pinching dot position information, breakpoint bit that the purpose is appeared
Confidence ceases and aspect occurrence information.
5. it is according to claim 1 a kind of to determine that 3-dimensional digital is appeared the method for geological model, it is characterised in that described pre-
Selecting first group of equipment includes：Optical detection and measurement scanner, pan-shot instrument and dynamic GPS.
6. it is according to claim 5 a kind of to determine that 3-dimensional digital is appeared the method for geological model, it is characterised in that the profit
The upright section is appeared with first group of equipment of pre-selection carry out the first data acquisition process, determines the space that the upright section is appeared
Location data, including：
Obtain the dimension information in the face of appearing that the upright section is appeared；
According to the face dimension information of appearing that the upright section is appeared, the scanning time of the optical detection and measurement scanner is set respectively
Number and overlapping range, and set the scanning times and overlapping range of the pan-shot instrument；
The upright section is appeared and is scanned behaviour with the scanning times and overlapping range of measurement scanner based on the optical detection
Make, obtain the scan data that the upright section is appeared；
Scanning times and overlapping range based on the pan-shot instrument are appeared to the upright section and are scanned operation, are obtained
The photographic intelligence that the upright section is appeared；
Using on the face of appearing that the dynamic GPS is appeared to the upright section at least three default index points
Space orientation is carried out, the positional information of the default index point is obtained；
The position of scan data, the photographic intelligence that the upright section is appeared and the default index point that the upright section is appeared
Confidence ceases, the space orientation data appeared as the upright section.
7. it is according to claim 1 a kind of to determine that 3-dimensional digital is appeared the method for geological model, it is characterised in that described pre-
Selecting second group of equipment includes：Dynamic GPS and UAV.
8. it is according to claim 7 a kind of to determine that 3-dimensional digital is appeared the method for geological model, it is characterised in that the profit
The area that lies low is appeared with second group of equipment of pre-selection carry out the second data acquisition process, it is determined that the space that the area that lies low appears
Location data, including：
Space orientation is carried out using the dynamic GPS upper multiple default target of being appeared to the area that lies low, is obtained
To the target placement information of the default target；
The geological information point that the area that lies low appears is obtained, using the dynamic GPS to the area's dew that lies low
The geological information point of head carries out space orientation, obtains the positional information of the geological information point that the area that lies low appears；
The area that lies low is appeared using the UAV carry out shooting operation, obtains the photo that the area that lies low appears
Information；
The positional information of the geological information point that the target placement information of the default target, the area that lies low are appeared and described flat
Lie the photographic intelligence that area appears, as the space orientation data that the area that lies low appears.
9. it is according to claim 1 a kind of to determine that 3-dimensional digital is appeared the method for geological model, it is characterised in that described pre-
Selecting the 3rd group of equipment includes：Dynamic GPS and GPR.
10. it is according to claim 9 a kind of to determine that 3-dimensional digital is appeared the method for geological model, it is characterised in that described
The shallow surface is appeared using the 3rd group of equipment of pre-selection carry out the 3rd data acquisition process, determines that the shallow surface is appeared
Space orientation data, including：
Set earth's surface survey line scope and earth's surface survey line interval that the shallow surface is appeared；
The earth's surface survey line position appeared to the shallow surface using the dynamic GPS carries out space orientation,
Obtain the earth's surface survey line positional information；
Earth's surface survey line scope and earth's surface the survey line interval appeared according to the shallow surface, using the GPR to described
Table shallow-layer is appeared carries out detection operation, obtains the position of stratum information that the shallow surface is appeared；
By the earth's surface survey line positional information and the position of stratum information, the space orientation number appeared as the shallow surface
According to.
11. a kind of determine that 3-dimensional digitals are appeared the system of geological model, it is characterised in that the system includes：Appear division mould
Block, geological information determining module, space orientation data determining device, 3D data volume determining module and geological model of appearing determine
Module；Wherein,
The division module of appearing, for obtaining the features of terrain information that purpose is appeared, according to the features of terrain information, by institute
State purpose and appear and be divided into that at least one upright section is appeared, at least one area that lies low appears, and shallow surface is appeared；
The geological information determining module, for determining the geological information that the purpose is appeared；
The space orientation data determining device, including：The 3rd group of first group of equipment, second group of equipment of pre-selection and pre-selection is preselected to set
It is standby；Described first group of equipment of pre-selection is used to appear the upright section to carry out the first data acquisition process, determines the upright section
The space orientation data appeared；Described second group of equipment of pre-selection is used to appear the area that lies low to carry out at the second data acquisition
Reason, it is determined that the space orientation data that the area that lies low appears；Described the 3rd group of equipment of pre-selection is used to appear the shallow surface
The 3rd data acquisition process is carried out, the space orientation data that the shallow surface is appeared are determined；
The 3D data volume determining module, the space orientation data for being appeared based on the upright section determine the upright section
The 3D data volume appeared, the space orientation data appeared based on the area that lies low determine described in lie low the three-dimensional data that area appears
Body, and the space orientation data appeared based on the shallow surface determine the 3D data volume that the shallow surface is appeared；
The geological model determining module of appearing, is appeared for the geological information appeared based on the purpose, the upright section
The 3D data volume that the 3D data volume and the shallow surface that 3D data volume, the area that lies low appear are appeared, it is determined that described
The 3-dimensional digital that purpose is appeared is appeared geological model.
12. according to claim 11 a kind of determine that 3-dimensional digitals are appeared the system of geological model, it is characterised in that described
Geological information determining module, including：Lithofacies Types characteristic information acquisition module, detail stratigraphic division module, sample message determining module,
Measured geological section information determination module and lateral tracking process module；Wherein,
The Lithofacies Types characteristic information acquisition module, for obtaining the Lithofacies Types characteristic information that the purpose is appeared；
The detail stratigraphic division determining module, for according to the Lithofacies Types characteristic information, the purpose is appeared, and it to be more to be divided into
Individual substratum, and determine the thickness of each substratum；
The sample message determining module, at least choosing a sample on each described substratum, determines the sample
Porosity and permeability；
The measured geological section information determination module, it is for the porosity and permeability based on the sample and described each
The thickness of individual substratum, determines the measured geological section information that the purpose is appeared；
The lateral tracking process module, for based on the cross-section, being carried out at lateral tracking on the substratum
Reason, determines the geological information that the purpose is appeared.
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