CN108593880B - Automatic test device and method for mining earth surface movement test - Google Patents
Automatic test device and method for mining earth surface movement test Download PDFInfo
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- CN108593880B CN108593880B CN201810312544.XA CN201810312544A CN108593880B CN 108593880 B CN108593880 B CN 108593880B CN 201810312544 A CN201810312544 A CN 201810312544A CN 108593880 B CN108593880 B CN 108593880B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic test device and method for mining earth surface movement test. According to the invention, the height of the mining opening is regulated through the regulating mechanism of the mining opening of the test box, and the filling piece matched with the mining opening is selected to simulate different mining heights; different mining widths can be simulated by controlling the pulling displacement of the filling member; the angle of the test box can be adjusted through the angle adjusting mechanism of the test box, so that coal beds with different dip angles can be simulated. The invention realizes automation on the control technology of the filling piece pulling mechanism, the test box angle adjusting mechanism and the like, and reduces the influence of human factors on the test effect; functionally, the mining method can simulate various different mining conditions and mining working conditions, and can be used for experimental study of multi-coal-seam mining under complex geological environment, so that the action mechanism and the coping scheme of the coal-seam mining on the movement of the ground surface are explored, and potential safety hazards are eliminated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mining engineering test research, in particular to an automatic test device and method for mining earth surface movement test.
Background
The movement and deformation of the ground surface have great damage to the ecological environment. With the growth of population, the development of economy and the improvement of living standard of people, the movement of the ground surface and the related environmental problems are attracting more and more attention. Overburden and earth surface movement and deformation are the final result of breaking the original mechanical balance inside the rock mass by underground coal mining, so that earth surface movement rules are studied and influenced by various mining factors, such as the thickness, dip angle, mining depth, coal mining method, roof management method and the like of the mined coal layer. Due to the comprehensive influence of the above factors, the earth surface movement mechanism is very complex, and accordingly, various research methods are also presented, wherein the commonly used indoor test research method is similar material simulation research. The method is adopted from the end of 50 s in China, and has the advantages that main influencing factors can be selected for simulation, and the internal law is revealed.
It is known that the essence of the simulation experiment of similar materials is to reduce the mine rock stratum according to a certain proportion based on the principles of geometric similarity, kinematic similarity and dynamic similarity, make a model with similar materials, simulate the exploitation of coal seam in the model, observe and record the movement and deformation damage condition of the model earth surface, and analyze and infer the movement rule of the actual earth surface. The existing similar material simulation experiment device (CN 103823041A, CN 204594982U) can only perform simulated mining of a single dip angle coal seam, the phenomenon that the disturbance of manual mining on an overburden stratum is large is commonly caused, and the coal seam mining size is fixed, so that the simulation experiment device is difficult to adapt to the requirement of complex coal seam condition mining simulation at the present stage to a great extent. Chinese patent (ZL 201510451445.6) discloses a three-dimensional multi-coal-seam mining similar material model experiment system, the device can be realized by moving a lower-layer coal filling piece on a fixing bolt when simulating the stoping of lower-layer coal of a coal seam group, and can be realized by extracting an upper-layer coal filling piece when simulating the stoping of upper-layer coal, so that the mining of two-layer coal can be simulated. However, this experimental system suffers from the following disadvantages: in engineering practice, due to the particularity and complexity of geological environment, occurrence of coal fields in mining areas presents irregular distribution, and the dip angles of coal beds are changeable, and the experimental system can only simulate the working conditions of horizontal coal beds and single mining height and width of the coal beds, and can not simulate the working conditions of different dip angles of the coal beds and mining heights and widths of the coal beds, so that experimental research on mining of irregular geological environment can not be carried out. In addition, the existing test device is manually pulled when the filling piece is pulled, the degree of automation is low, the labor intensity of test personnel is high, and the efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, and provides an automatic test device for the movement test of the mine exploitation ground surface, so as to realize the influence of indoor test research on the movement of the ground surface by exploiting coal beds with different dip angles and different exploitation height and width working conditions.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the automatic test device for the mining earth surface movement test comprises a base, a test box, a filling piece and a test box angle adjusting mechanism;
the test box comprises a bottom plate, a mining layer die frame and a non-mining layer die frame, wherein the mining layer die frame and the non-mining layer die frame are overlapped and fixed on the bottom plate; a mining opening and a mining opening adjusting mechanism are arranged on the side part of the mining layer die frame; the mining opening adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting plate, a crank, a first connecting rod, a spring, a knob and a ratchet stopping mechanism; the adjusting plate is arranged on the exploitation layer die frame and can slide along the height direction of the exploitation layer die frame, and the height of the exploitation opening can be adjusted by sliding the adjusting plate; one end of the crank is pivoted on the mining layer die frame; the knob is connected with a rotating shaft of the crank, and the other end of the crank is pivoted with one end of the first connecting rod; the other end of the first connecting rod is pivoted with the adjusting plate; the spring acts between the mining layer die frame and the adjusting plate; the ratchet stopping mechanism is used for preventing the crank from rotating under the action of the spring.
The filling piece is matched with the exploitation port and can be inserted into the test box from the exploitation port, and a pull handle is arranged at the outer end of the filling piece.
The test box angle adjusting mechanism comprises a screw rod, a nut, a second connecting rod and a driving motor; the screw rod is arranged on the base, and the nut is in threaded connection with the screw rod; the base is provided with a vertical plate, and the bottom plate is pivoted with the vertical plate; the second connecting rod is pivoted with the screw nut and the bottom plate respectively; the driving motor is connected with the screw rod.
The pulling device comprises a first pneumatic sliding table, a second pneumatic sliding table, a pulling cylinder and an automatic universal hook; the second pneumatic sliding table is arranged on the first pneumatic sliding table, and the first pneumatic sliding table can drive the second pneumatic sliding table to move vertically; the pulling cylinder is arranged on the second pneumatic sliding table, the axis of the pulling cylinder is in the left-right direction, and the second pneumatic sliding table can drive the pulling cylinder to move forwards and backwards; the automatic universal hook comprises a universal joint, a hook body, a first swing cylinder, a second swing cylinder and a universal hook mounting plate; the universal hook mounting plate is fixedly connected with a piston rod of the pulling cylinder; the universal joint is fixedly provided with a first shaft, the axis of the first shaft is in a left-right direction, the universal joint is rotatably arranged on a universal hook mounting plate through the first shaft, and the first swing cylinder is arranged on the universal joint mounting plate and is used for driving the first shaft to rotate; the hook body is pivoted on the universal joint through a second shaft, the axis of the second shaft is perpendicular to the axis of the first shaft, and the second swinging cylinder is arranged on the universal joint and used for driving the second shaft to rotate.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: and at least two sets of mining opening adjusting mechanisms are arranged along the length direction of the mining layer die frame.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the exploitation ports are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the exploitation layer die frame.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the mining layer die frame is provided with a first flanging; the top of the adjusting plate is provided with a second flanging, and the bottom of the adjusting plate is provided with a third flanging; a guide rod is arranged between the second flanging and the third flanging; the first flanging is provided with a through hole in sliding fit with the guide rod, and the second flanging and the third flanging are respectively positioned above and below the first flanging; the spring is sleeved on the guide rod and is positioned between the first flanging and the second flanging.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the ratchet stopping mechanism comprises a ratchet, a stopping pawl and a tension spring; the ratchet wheel is arranged on a rotating shaft of the crank; the backstop pawl is pivoted on the mining layer die frame; the tension spring is used for enabling the backstop pawl to keep in contact with the ratchet wheel.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: one side of the filling piece is provided with a ball which is connected with the ball joint. By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the condition of direct contact of the side parts of the filling pieces, sliding friction between the filling pieces can be changed into rolling friction, so that friction force is reduced, the filling pieces are pulled more labor-saving, and abrasion of the filling pieces is reduced.
The invention also provides a test method of the automatic test device for the mining earth surface movement test, which comprises the following steps:
A. according to on-site coal bed and rock stratum parameters, configuring similar materials;
B. according to the on-site working conditions, the height of the mining opening is adjusted through a mining opening adjusting mechanism, and a filling piece matched with the mining opening is selected and inserted into the mining layer die frame;
C. adjusting the bottom plate to be horizontal through a test box angle adjusting mechanism, installing the mining layer die frames and the non-mining layer die frames on the bottom plate layer by layer, paving similar materials into and compacting after each layer of mining layer die frames or non-mining layer die frames are installed, and arranging sensors in the similar materials;
D. according to the field working condition, the angle of the test box is adjusted through the test box angle adjusting mechanism; filling the test box with similar materials after the angle of the test box is adjusted, compacting to enable the top surface of the similar materials to be horizontal, or removing part of similar layer materials to enable the top surface of the similar materials to be horizontal;
E. arranging high-speed cameras at the front and the back of the test box, and monitoring the plane displacement of the similar material layer by combining a digital image processing technology; measuring the surface deformation of the earth by a method of vertically and horizontally arranging measuring lines on the top surface of the similar material layer, and processing the data by software to obtain an earth deformation cloud picture or scanning and monitoring by three-dimensional laser to obtain related data;
F. according to the field working condition, the filling pieces are pulled to preset positions one by one through a pulling device;
G. and processing and analyzing the acquired data and images.
Compared with the prior art, the automatic test device and method for the mining earth surface movement test have the beneficial effects that: the height of the mining opening is regulated through the mining opening regulating mechanism, and filling pieces matched with the mining opening are selected to simulate different mining heights; different mining widths can be simulated by controlling the pulling displacement of the filling member; the angle of the test box can be adjusted through the angle adjusting mechanism of the test box, so that different coal seam dip angles can be simulated; therefore, the invention can simulate various coal seam dip angles and working conditions of different coal seam mining heights and widths, realizes experimental study on mining of irregular geological environment, thereby exploring the action mechanism and the coping scheme of coal seam mining on ground subsidence and eliminating potential safety hazards; in addition, the full-automatic pulling of various angles of the filling piece can be realized through the pulling device, compared with a mode of manually pulling the filling piece, the labor intensity of test personnel is reduced, and the test efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an automated test equipment for mining earth's surface mobility testing of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of an automated test equipment for mining earth's surface movement testing of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a view in the direction a in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of the portion B in fig. 2.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a mining layer form of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view of a portion C in fig. 4.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the packing of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is an exploded view of the packing of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the automatic universal hook of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. base, 2, filler, 3, bottom plate, 4, mining layer frame, 5, non-mining layer frame, 6, mining port, 7, adjusting plate, 8, crank, 9, first link, 10, spring, 11, screw, 12, nut, 13, second link, 14, driving motor, 15, riser, 16, knob, 17, first turn-up, 18, second turn-up, 19, third turn-up, 20, guide bar, 21, ratchet, 22, backstop pawl, 23, tension spring, 24, ball, 25, pulling cylinder, 26, first pneumatic slipway, 27, second pneumatic slipway, 28, hook, 29, universal joint, 30, pull handle, 31, ball mounting plate, 32, countersunk screw, 33, stand, 34, first swing cylinder, 35, second swing cylinder, 36, universal hook mounting plate, 37, first shaft, 38, second shaft.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the following description of the specific embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the embodiment provides an automated test apparatus for mining earth surface movement testing, comprising a base 1, a test box, a filler 2, a test box angle adjustment mechanism, and a pulling device.
The test box comprises a bottom plate 3, a mining layer die frame 4 and a non-mining layer die frame 5, wherein the mining layer die frame 4 and the non-mining layer die frame 5 are rectangular frame bodies, four corners of the bottom plate 3 are respectively provided with an upright post 33, and the mining layer die frame 4 and the non-mining layer die frame 5 are arranged on the upright posts 33 through bolts. The mining layer mould frame 4 is provided with two layers, namely a third layer and a fifth layer from top to bottom, and the non-mining layer mould frame 5 is provided with three layers.
The two sides of the exploitation layer die frame 4 are provided with exploitation ports 6 and exploitation port adjusting mechanisms, wherein the exploitation port adjusting mechanisms comprise adjusting plates 7, cranks 8, first connecting rods 9, springs 10, knobs 16 and ratchet wheel stopping mechanisms. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, five sets of the mining opening adjusting mechanisms are provided on each side of the mining layer form 4 along the length direction thereof, and the five sets of the mining opening adjusting mechanisms adjust the mining opening 6 to have five different heights.
As shown in fig. 3 and 5, the adjusting plate 7 is mounted on the mining layer frame 4 and can slide along the height direction of the mining layer frame 4, and the height of the mining opening 6 can be adjusted by sliding the adjusting plate 7. Specifically, be equipped with first turn-ups 17 on the exploitation layer mould frame 4, the top of regulating plate 7 is equipped with second turn-ups 18, and the bottom of regulating plate 7 is equipped with third turn-ups 19, is equipped with guide bar 20 between second turn-ups 18 and the third turn-ups 19, is equipped with the through-hole with guide bar 20 sliding fit on the first turn-ups 17, and second turn-ups 18 and third turn-ups 19 are located the top and the below of first turn-ups 17 respectively.
One end of the crank 8 is pivoted on the mining layer mould frame 4, the knob 16 is connected with a rotating shaft of the crank 8, the other end of the crank 8 is pivoted with one end of the first connecting rod 9, and the other end of the first connecting rod 9 is pivoted with the adjusting plate 7. The crank 8, the first connecting rod 9 and the adjusting plate 7 form a crank slide block mechanism, and the adjusting plate 7 can slide along the height direction of the mining layer die frame 4 by screwing the knob 16 to rotate the crank 8.
The springs 10 act between the production layer former 4 and the adjusting plate 7. Specifically, the spring 10 is sleeved on the guide rod 20 and is located between the first flange 17 and the second flange 18. The spring 10 exerts an upward force on the adjustment plate 7.
The ratchet stop mechanism is used to block the crank 8 from rotating under the action of the spring 10. Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the ratchet stopping mechanism comprises a ratchet 21, a stopping pawl 22 and a tension spring 23, wherein the ratchet 21 is installed on the rotating shaft of the crank 8, the stopping pawl 22 is pivoted on the mining layer die frame 4, and the tension spring 23 is used for keeping the stopping pawl 22 in contact with the ratchet 21. When the retaining pawl 22 is not pulled, the knob 16 can only be screwed clockwise, and the adjusting plate 7 can only be moved downward. The retaining pawl 22 resists counterclockwise rotation of the ratchet 21 due to the upward force applied to the adjustment plate 7 by the spring 10, thereby holding the adjustment plate 7 in place. When the height of the mining opening 6 needs to be increased, the backstop pawl 22 is pulled, and the adjusting plate 7 moves upwards under the action of the spring 10.
The filling member 2 is matched with the mining opening 6 and can be inserted into the test box from the mining opening 6, and the outer end of the filling member 2 is provided with a pull handle 30.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the test box angle adjusting mechanism comprises a screw 11, a nut 12, a second connecting rod 13 and a driving motor 14, wherein the screw 11 is mounted on the base 1, and the nut 12 is in threaded connection with the screw 11. The base 1 is provided with a vertical plate 15, and the bottom plate 3 is pivoted with the vertical plate 15. The second connecting rod 13 is pivoted with the screw 12 and the bottom plate 3 respectively. The drive motor 14 is connected to the screw 11. When the angle of the test box needs to be adjusted, the driving motor 14 drives the screw rod 11 to rotate, the screw rod 11 drives the screw nut 12 to translate, and the screw nut 12 drives the lower end of the second connecting rod 13 to move, so that the bottom plate 3 can rotate around the pivot shaft of the bottom plate and the upright post 33.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, in order to reduce friction force, the pulling of the filler 2 is more labor-saving and the abrasion of the filler 2 is reduced, and one side of the filler 2 is provided with a ball 24 connected with a ball joint thereof. Specifically, the lateral part of the filling member 2 is provided with a ball mounting plate 31, the ball mounting plate 31 and the filling member 2 are provided with corresponding partial spherical cavities, the ball mounting plate 31 is connected with the filling member 2 through a countersunk screw 32, the ball mounting plate 31 and the filling member 2 are provided with corresponding partial spherical cavities to form a spherical cavity, and the ball 24 is arranged in the spherical cavity. Therefore, the packing members 2 are contacted by the balls 24, and the sliding friction between the packing members 2 is changed into rolling friction.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 4 and 9, the pulling device includes a first pneumatic slide 26, a second pneumatic slide 27, a pulling cylinder 25 and an automatic universal hook. The second pneumatic sliding table 27 is mounted on the first pneumatic sliding table 26, and the first pneumatic sliding table 26 can drive the second pneumatic sliding table 27 to move vertically. The pulling cylinder 25 is mounted on the second pneumatic sliding table 27, the axis of the pulling cylinder 25 is in the left-right direction, and the second pneumatic sliding table 27 can drive the pulling cylinder 25 to move forwards and backwards. The automatic gimbal includes a gimbal 29, a hook body 28, a first swing cylinder 34, a second swing cylinder 35, and a gimbal mounting plate 36. The universal hook mounting plate 36 is fixedly connected with the piston rod of the pulling cylinder 25. The first shaft 37 is fixedly arranged on the universal joint 29, the axis of the first shaft 37 is in the left-right direction, the universal joint 29 is rotatably arranged on the universal hook mounting plate 36 through the first shaft 37, and the first swinging air cylinder 34 is arranged on the universal joint mounting plate 26 and used for driving the first shaft 37 to rotate. The hook 28 is pivotally connected to the universal joint 29 by a second shaft 38, the axis of the second shaft 38 being perpendicular to the axis of the first shaft 37, and a second swinging cylinder 35 is mounted to the universal joint 29 and is used for driving the second shaft 38 to rotate.
The embodiment also provides a test method of the automatic test device for the mining earth surface movement test, which comprises the following steps:
A. according to the parameters of the on-site coal seam and the rock stratum, preparing similar materials, wherein the rock stratum similar materials are generally prepared by solid granular materials and liquid materials according to different parameters, and the solid materials of the similar materials can be added with the coloring agents and uniformly stirred, and different coloring agents are selected to dye different rock stratum similar materials according to the simulation requirements;
B. according to the on-site working condition, the height of the mining opening 6 is adjusted through the mining opening adjusting mechanism, specifically, when the height of the mining opening 6 needs to be reduced, the knob 16 is screwed clockwise, the knob 16 drives the crank 8 to rotate, and the crank 8 drives the adjusting plate 7 to move downwards through the first connecting rod 9; when the height of the mining opening 6 needs to be increased, the backstop pawl 22 is pulled, the backstop pawl 22 does not generate acting force on the ratchet wheel 21, and the adjusting plate 7 moves upwards under the action of the spring; the height of the mining ports 6 is adjusted through five sets of mining port adjusting mechanisms, and then the filling pieces 2 matched with the mining ports 6 are selected and inserted into the mining layer die frame 4;
C. adjusting the bottom plate 3 to be horizontal through a test box angle adjusting mechanism, installing the mining layer die frames 4 and the non-mining layer die frames 5 on the bottom plate 3 layer by layer, paving similar materials into and compacting after each layer of mining layer die frames 4 or non-mining layer die frames 5 are installed, and arranging sensors in the similar materials;
D. according to the on-site working condition, the angle of the test box is adjusted through the test box angle adjusting mechanism, specifically, the driving motor 14 drives the screw rod 11 to rotate, the screw rod 11 drives the screw nut 12 to translate, the screw nut 12 drives the lower end of the second connecting rod 13 to move, and the bottom plate 3 can rotate around the pivot shaft of the bottom plate and the upright post 33, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the test box is rotated for 20 degrees to simulate the working condition that the dip angle of the coal seam is 20 degrees; filling the test box with similar materials and compacting after the angle adjustment of the test box is finished, so that the top surface of the similar materials is horizontal, or removing part of similar layer materials so that the top surface of the similar materials is horizontal, so as to measure the surface deformation;
E. arranging high-speed cameras at the front and the back of the test box, and monitoring the displacement of the plane by combining a digital image processing technology; measuring the surface deformation of the earth by a method of vertically and horizontally arranging measuring lines on the top surface of the similar material layer, and processing the data by software to obtain an earth deformation cloud picture, or monitoring by three-dimensional laser scanning and obtaining the related data such as the earth deformation, the inclination of a building, the subsidence and the like;
F. according to the working condition of the site, the filling pieces 2 are pulled to preset positions one by one through a pulling device, specifically, according to the positions and angles of the filling pieces 2, the vertical position and the front-back position of the hook body 28 are respectively adjusted through the first pneumatic sliding table 26 and the second pneumatic sliding table 27, the left-right position of the hook body 28 is adjusted through the pulling cylinder 25, the inclination angle of the hook body 28 is adjusted through the first swinging cylinder 34 to adapt to the angle of the pull handle 30, the hook body 28 rotates around the axis of the second shaft 38 through the second swinging cylinder 35 to hook the pull handle 30, and the filling pieces 2 are pulled out through the pulling cylinder 25;
G. and processing and analyzing the acquired data and images.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An automatic test device for mining earth's surface movement test which characterized in that:
comprises a base (1), a test box, a filling piece (2), a test box angle adjusting mechanism and a pulling device;
the test box comprises a bottom plate (3), a mining layer die frame (4) and a non-mining layer die frame (5), wherein the mining layer die frame (4) and the non-mining layer die frame (5) are stacked and fixed on the bottom plate (3); the side part of the exploitation layer die frame (4) is provided with an exploitation opening (6) and an exploitation opening adjusting mechanism, and the exploitation opening adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting plate (7), a crank (8), a first connecting rod (9), a spring (10), a knob (16) and a ratchet stopping mechanism; the adjusting plate (7) is arranged on the mining layer die frame (4) and can slide along the height direction of the mining layer die frame (4), and the height of the mining opening (6) can be adjusted by sliding the adjusting plate (7); one end of the crank (8) is pivoted on the mining layer die frame (4), the knob (16) is connected with a rotating shaft of the crank (8), the other end of the crank (8) is pivoted with one end of the first connecting rod (9), and the other end of the first connecting rod (9) is pivoted with the adjusting plate (7); the spring (10) acts between the mining layer die frame (4) and the adjusting plate (7), and the ratchet wheel retaining mechanism is used for preventing the crank (8) from rotating under the action of the spring (10); at least two sets of mining opening adjusting mechanisms are arranged along the length direction of the mining layer die frame (4); the exploitation ports (6) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the exploitation layer die frame (4);
the filling piece (2) is matched with the exploitation port (6) and can be inserted into the test box from the exploitation port (6), and a pull handle (30) is arranged at the outer end of the filling piece (2);
the angle adjusting mechanism of the test box comprises a screw (11), a nut (12), a second connecting rod (13) and a driving motor (14), wherein the screw (11) is arranged on the base (1), and the nut (12) is in threaded connection with the screw (11); a vertical plate (15) is arranged on the base (1), and the bottom plate (3) is pivoted with the vertical plate (15); the second connecting rod (13) is pivoted with the screw nut (12) and the bottom plate (3) respectively; the driving motor (14) is connected with the screw rod (11);
the pulling device comprises a first pneumatic sliding table (26), a second pneumatic sliding table (27), a pulling cylinder (25) and an automatic universal hook; the second pneumatic sliding table (27) is arranged on the first pneumatic sliding table (26), and the first pneumatic sliding table (26) can drive the second pneumatic sliding table (27) to move vertically; the pulling air cylinder (25) is arranged on the second pneumatic sliding table (27), the axis of the pulling air cylinder (25) is in the left-right direction, and the second pneumatic sliding table (27) can drive the pulling air cylinder (25) to move forwards and backwards; the automatic universal hook comprises a universal joint (29), a hook body (28), a first swinging cylinder (34), a second swinging cylinder (35) and a universal hook mounting plate (36); the universal hook mounting plate (36) is fixedly connected with a piston rod of the pulling cylinder (25); the universal joint (29) is fixedly provided with a first shaft (37), the axis of the first shaft (37) is in the left-right direction, the universal joint (29) is rotatably arranged on a universal hook mounting plate (36) through the first shaft (37), and the first swing cylinder (34) is arranged on the universal hook mounting plate (36) and is used for driving the first shaft (37) to rotate; the hook body (28) is pivoted on the universal joint (29) through a second shaft (38), the axis of the second shaft (38) is perpendicular to the axis of the first shaft (37), and the second swinging cylinder (35) is mounted on the universal joint (29) and used for driving the second shaft (38) to rotate.
2. An automated test unit for mining earth's surface mobility testing as defined in claim 1, wherein: be equipped with first turn-ups (17) on exploitation layer mould frame (4), the top of regulating plate (7) is equipped with second turn-ups (18), and the bottom of regulating plate (7) is equipped with third turn-ups (19), be equipped with guide bar (20) between second turn-ups (18) and third turn-ups (19), be equipped with on first turn-ups (17) with guide bar (20) sliding fit's through-hole, second turn-ups (18) and third turn-ups (19) are located the top and the below of first turn-ups (17) respectively, spring (10) cover is established on guide bar (20) and is located between first turn-ups (17) and second turn-ups (18).
3. An automated test unit for mining earth's surface mobility testing as defined in claim 1, wherein: the ratchet retaining mechanism comprises a ratchet (21), a retaining pawl (22) and a tension spring (23), wherein the ratchet (21) is arranged on a rotating shaft of the crank (8), the retaining pawl (22) is pivoted on the mining layer die frame (4), and the tension spring (23) is used for enabling the retaining pawl (22) to be in contact with the ratchet (21).
4. An automated test unit for mining earth's surface mobility testing as defined in claim 1, wherein: one side of the filling piece (2) is provided with a ball (24) connected with the ball hinge.
5. A test method of an automated test equipment for mining surface movement testing according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
A. according to on-site coal bed and rock stratum parameters, configuring similar materials;
B. according to the on-site working condition, the height of the exploitation port (6) is adjusted through the exploitation port adjusting mechanism, and a filling piece (2) matched with the exploitation port (6) is selected and inserted into the exploitation layer die frame (4);
C. the method comprises the steps of adjusting a bottom plate (3) to be horizontal through a test box angle adjusting mechanism, installing a mining layer template frame (4) and a non-mining layer template frame (5) on the bottom plate (3) layer by layer, paving similar materials into and compacting after each layer of mining layer template frame (4) or non-mining layer template frame (5) is installed, and arranging sensors in the similar materials;
D. according to the field working condition, the angle of the test box is adjusted through the test box angle adjusting mechanism; filling the test box with similar materials after the angle of the test box is adjusted, compacting to enable the top surface of the similar materials to be horizontal, or removing part of similar layer materials to enable the top surface of the similar materials to be horizontal;
E. arranging high-speed cameras at the front and the back of the test box, and monitoring the plane displacement of the similar material layer by combining a digital image processing technology; measuring the surface deformation of the earth by a method of vertically and horizontally arranging measuring lines on the top surface of the similar material layer, and processing the data by software to obtain an earth deformation cloud picture or scanning and monitoring by three-dimensional laser to obtain related data;
F. according to the field working condition, the filling pieces (2) are pulled to preset positions one by one through a pulling device;
G. and processing and analyzing the acquired data and images.
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