CN108585710B - Building material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Building material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108585710B CN108585710B CN201810448169.1A CN201810448169A CN108585710B CN 108585710 B CN108585710 B CN 108585710B CN 201810448169 A CN201810448169 A CN 201810448169A CN 108585710 B CN108585710 B CN 108585710B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
Abstract
The invention provides a building material and a preparation method thereof. The technical problems of complex components, high production cost and the like of the existing building materials are solved. The building material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 11-17 parts of calcium silicate powder, 6-12 parts of sawdust powder, 13-21 parts of polyurethane, 7-13 parts of aluminum silicate powder, 4-9 parts of activated carbon, 1-3 parts of polypropylene fiber, 11-16 parts of diatomite, 3.5-8.5 parts of volcanic rock slag, 1.2-2.6 parts of kaolin, 20-26 parts of waste rock wool boards, 12-20 parts of waste glass, 11-15 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 12-17 parts of cement, 0.2-0.4 part of air entraining agent, 0.4-0.9 part of retarder, 0.5-1.5 parts of water reducing agent and 12-20 parts of water. The invention has the advantage of low production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of buildings, and relates to a compact building material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Building materials used in buildings are collectively referred to as building materials. The new building materials include a wide range of materials, and include heat insulating materials, high-strength materials, breathable materials, and the like, which are also a general term for materials used in civil engineering and construction.
Through search, for example, chinese patent literature discloses a building material and a method for manufacturing the same [ application No.: 201610337685.8, respectively; publication No.: CN 105753370B ]. The components of the building material comprise 0.15 weight part of coal ash powder, 0.25 weight part of rubber particles, 0.10 weight part of quicklime, 0.02 weight part of carbon cellulose, 0.10 weight part of kaolin, 0.01 weight part of magnesium oxide, 0.08 weight part of foam plastic, 0.015 weight part of water reducing agent, 0.001 weight part of stabilizing agent and 0.3 weight part of water; the stabilizer is barium stearate; the manufacturing method sequentially comprises a slurry mixing process, a compression process, a drying process, a forming and curing process and a curing process, wherein the compression process is to press the prepared slurry into a green body under the pressure of 22MPa, and the forming and curing process is to place the dried green body in a kiln, the temperature in the kiln is 50-80 ℃, the heating rate is 3 ℃/min, and the heat preservation time is 40 min; heating at 100-500 deg.c and 4 deg.c/min for 150 min; heating at 500-1000 deg.c and heating rate of 8 deg.c/min for 200 min; the temperature is increased at the rate of 12 ℃/min at the temperature of 1000-1300 ℃, the heat is preserved for 250-450 min, and the process conditions of the maintenance procedure are that the glass is placed for 20-40 days under the conditions that the temperature is 10-70 ℃ and the relative humidity of air is 25-100%; the slurry mixing process comprises the steps of mixing and stirring coal ash powder, rubber particles, quick lime, carbon cellulose, kaolin, magnesium oxide, foamed plastic, a water reducing agent, a stabilizing agent and water at normal temperature to prepare slurry; the drying process comprises the step of placing the prepared blank in a natural environment for natural forming or baking and forming at 100 ℃.
Although the building material disclosed in this patent has excellent waterproof performance, the building material has complicated components and high production cost, and thus it is necessary to design a building material and a method for preparing the same.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems of the prior art and to provide a building material, which has the advantage of low production cost.
The first object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: the building material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 11-17 parts of calcium silicate powder, 6-12 parts of sawdust powder, 13-21 parts of polyurethane, 7-13 parts of aluminum silicate powder, 4-9 parts of activated carbon, 1-3 parts of polypropylene fiber, 11-16 parts of diatomite, 3.5-8.5 parts of volcanic rock slag, 1.2-2.6 parts of kaolin, 20-26 parts of waste rock wool boards, 12-20 parts of waste glass, 11-15 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 12-17 parts of cement, 0.2-0.4 part of air entraining agent, 0.4-0.9 part of retarder, 0.5-1.5 parts of water reducing agent and 12-20 parts of water.
By adopting the components, the calcium silicate powder, the sawdust powder, the polyurethane, the aluminum silicate powder, the activated carbon, the polypropylene fiber, the diatomite, the volcanic rock ballast, the kaolin, the waste rock wool board, the waste glass, the nano titanium dioxide, the cement, the air entraining agent, the retarder, the water reducing agent and the water are used as raw materials, and the waste rock wool board and the waste glass are used as wastes, so that the cost required by the production can be greatly reduced, and the production cost is low.
The weight parts of the components are as follows: 13 parts of calcium silicate powder, 8 parts of sawdust powder, 18 parts of polyurethane, 9 parts of aluminum silicate powder, 6 parts of activated carbon, 2 parts of polypropylene fiber, 12 parts of diatomite, 5.5 parts of volcanic rock residue, 1.7 parts of kaolin, 23 parts of waste rock wool board, 16 parts of waste glass, 13 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 15 parts of cement, 0.3 part of air entraining agent, 0.5 part of retarder, 0.7 part of water reducing agent and 15 parts of water.
The particle size of the diatomite is 250-450 meshes.
The cement is aluminate cement.
The air entraining agent is alkyl benzene sulfonate.
The retarder is sodium pyrophosphate.
The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
The second purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems of the prior art and to provide a method for preparing a building material, which is characterized by convenient preparation.
The second object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: a preparation method of a building material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. weighing the required raw materials in parts by weight;
b. putting the waste rock wool boards and the waste glass into a crushing device for crushing for 8-12min to obtain crushed mixed materials;
c. putting the calcium silicate powder, the wood dust powder, the polyurethane, the aluminum silicate powder, the activated carbon, the polypropylene fiber, the diatomite, the volcanic rock slag, the kaolin, the nano titanium dioxide, the cement, the air entraining agent, the retarder, the water reducing agent, the water and the crushed mixed material in the step b into a stirrer for stirring at the stirring speed of 150 plus materials and 350rpm for 40-60min to obtain a mixed material;
d. c, injecting the mixture obtained in the step c into a forming die, and carrying out pressure forming, wherein the pressure is controlled to be 1.1-1.3MPa, and the pressing time is controlled to be 25-35min, so as to obtain a forming material;
e. and d, putting the molding material obtained in the step d into an oven for drying at the drying temperature of 60-74 ℃ for 5-8h to obtain the finished building material.
By adopting the method, the preparation of the building material can be finished through the steps of material taking, crushing, stirring, forming, drying and the like, and the preparation is convenient.
The crushing device in the step b comprises a base, a crushing box is fixed on the base through supporting legs, a filter ring is arranged in the crushing box, the outer side of the filter ring is connected with the inner wall of the crushing box through an elastic connecting ring, the inner side of the filter ring is connected with an elastic mounting plate, the mounting plate is circular in shape, the filter ring divides the inner part of the crushing box into an upper crushing cavity and a lower crushing cavity, a first bearing is clamped on the upper surface of the crushing box, a first rotating shaft is sleeved in the first bearing, the lower end of the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a plurality of first crushing cutters, the first crushing cutters are positioned in the upper crushing cavity, the upper end of the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a driven wheel, the driven wheel is in transmission connection with a driving wheel through a belt, and the driving wheel is also connected with a first transmission; the feed inlet has been seted up to the upper surface of smashing the case, it is provided with the apron to smash the position that the case upper surface corresponds the feed inlet, the equal joint in left surface and the right flank of smashing the incasement wall has the second bearing, the second pivot has been cup jointed in the second bearing, the sword is smashed to fixedly connected with second in the second pivot, the second is smashed the sword and is located down and smashes the intracavity, the right-hand member and the first gear fixed connection of second pivot, first gear is located the right side of smashing the case, and first gear and second gear engagement, the second gear still links to each other with one can drive its pivoted second transmission structure, the lower surface of smashing the case is provided with the discharge gate, discharge gate department is provided with the valve.
First drive structure includes first motor, and the fuselage of first motor passes through first fixed plate and is connected with the last fixed surface of smashing the case, the output shaft and the action wheel fixed connection of first motor.
The second transmission structure comprises a second motor, a machine body of the second motor is fixedly connected with the right side face of the crushing box through a second fixing plate, and an output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected with a second gear.
The quantity of supporting leg is four, and four supporting legs are located the four corners department of smashing the case lower surface respectively.
The base is also provided with a power supply, and the power supply is provided with a switch.
The output end of the power supply is electrically connected with the input end of the switch, and the output end of the switch is electrically connected with the input ends of the first motor and the second motor respectively.
Firstly, opening a cover plate to add materials into a crushing box through a feed port, controlling an output shaft of a first motor to drive a driving wheel to rotate, driving the driving wheel to drive a driven wheel to rotate, driving a first rotating shaft to rotate by the driven wheel, driving a first crushing cutter to rotate by the first rotating shaft, so that the first crushing cutter crushes the materials, and the crushed small-particle materials fall below a filter ring through the filter ring; the output shaft of control second motor drives the second gear and rotates, and the second gear drives first gear and rotates, and first gear drives the second pivot and rotates, and the second pivot drives the second and smashes the sword and rotate, makes the second smash the sword and smash the material once more to guaranteed the crushing effect of material, not only saved the time, convenient operation moreover, thereby accelerated the process of production.
Through setting up feed inlet and apron to make the feed inlet can add the material and smash the incasement, the apron can prevent to prevent that the material from the feed inlet spill at crushing in-process, thereby has guaranteed workman's safety.
Through setting up the filter ring to the messenger filters the ring and can filter the material, and the granule material can fall into the below of filtering the ring, makes the crushing sword of second smash the material once more, thereby has guaranteed the crushing effect of material, and the practicality is strong.
And a vibration motor is also fixed on the mounting plate.
By adopting the structure, the filter ring can vibrate up and down through the vibration motor.
The filter ring comprises a plurality of filter plate bodies, and the two connected filter plate bodies are connected through an elastic connecting sheet; still be provided with the conveying mechanism that can carry the material from bottom to top in the crushing cavity on the base, conveying mechanism includes the guide cylinder, crane and dwang, the vertical setting of guide cylinder is at last crushing cavity, guide cylinder lower extreme and mounting panel link to each other, guide cylinder upper end and crane link to each other, the crane still links to each other with a mobile structure that can drive it and reciprocate, a plurality of input holes and a plurality of delivery outlet have still been seted up to the guide cylinder lateral part, the input hole is close to the mounting panel, the delivery outlet is close to the crane, the vertical setting of dwang is in the guide cylinder, the dwang side is fixed with the helical blade that enables material from bottom to top transport, the rotation rod tip links to each other with one can drive its pivoted rotation motor.
By adopting the structure, the lifting frame is driven to move up and down through the moving structure, the lifting frame drives the mounting plate to move up and down, and the mounting plate enables the filtering plate body to deform to form an upward convex structure or a downward concave structure, so that small particle materials at the upper crushing cavity can quickly enter the lower crushing cavity; when the structure of recessing downwards, the large granule material of crossing filter ring department enters into the guide cylinder from the input hole, and the control rotates the output shaft rotation of motor, and the output shaft that rotates the motor drives the dwang and rotates, and the dwang drives helical blade and rotates, and helical blade carries first crushing sword department from bottom to top with large granule material, from the delivery outlet to can accelerate the crushing to the material, carry effectually.
The moving structure comprises a push rod motor, a guide rail, a sliding block, a connecting rod and a support, the support is fixed on the base, the guide rail is vertically fixed on the support, the sliding block is arranged on the guide rail, the push rod motor is fixed on the support, a push rod of the push rod motor vertically faces upwards, the end portion of the push rod motor is connected with the sliding block, the upper end of the connecting rod is connected with the sliding block, and the lower end of the connecting rod is connected with the.
When the lifting frame needs to move up and down, the push rod of the push rod motor is controlled to move up and down, the push rod of the push rod motor drives the sliding block to move up and down along the guide rail, and the sliding block drives the lifting frame to move up and down through the connecting rod, so that the lifting frame can move up and down.
And limiting blocks are also fixed at the two ends of the guide rail.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the calcium silicate powder, the wood dust powder, the polyurethane, the aluminum silicate powder, the activated carbon, the polypropylene fiber, the diatomite, the volcanic rock ballast, the kaolin, the waste rock wool board, the waste glass, the nano titanium dioxide, the cement, the air entraining agent, the retarder, the water reducing agent and the water are used as raw materials, and the waste rock wool board and the waste glass are used as wastes, so that the cost required by the production can be greatly reduced, and the production cost is low.
2. The building material can be prepared by the steps of material taking, crushing, stirring, forming, drying and the like, and the preparation is convenient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of the crushing apparatus.
Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of a shredder with portions broken away.
In the figure, 1, a base; 2. a second rotating shaft; 3. a first gear; 4. a second gear; 5. a second motor; 6. a second fixing plate; 7. a driving wheel; 8. a belt; 9. a driven wheel; 10. a first rotating shaft; 11. a first bearing; 12. a cover plate; 13. a first fixing plate; 14. a first crushing cutter; 15. a filter ring; 16. a first motor; 17. a valve; 18. a second crushing cutter; 19. supporting legs; 20. a crushing box; 20a, a feed inlet; 20b, a discharge hole; 21. a second bearing; 22. a power source; 23. a connecting ring; 24. a lifting frame; 25. a spring; 26. a connecting rod; 27. rotating the motor; 28. a material guide cylinder; 28a, an input aperture; 28b, an output hole; 29. rotating the rod; 30. a helical blade; 31. mounting a plate; 32. a vibration motor; 33. a support; 34. a push rod motor; 35. a guide rail; 36. a slider; 37. and a limiting block.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
The building material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 11-17 parts of calcium silicate powder, 6-12 parts of sawdust powder, 13-21 parts of polyurethane, 7-13 parts of aluminum silicate powder, 4-9 parts of activated carbon, 1-3 parts of polypropylene fiber, 11-16 parts of diatomite, 3.5-8.5 parts of volcanic rock slag, 1.2-2.6 parts of kaolin, 20-26 parts of waste rock wool boards, 12-20 parts of waste glass, 11-15 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 12-17 parts of cement, 0.2-0.4 part of air entraining agent, 0.4-0.9 part of retarder, 0.5-1.5 parts of water reducing agent and 12-20 parts of water.
By adopting the components, the calcium silicate powder, the sawdust powder, the polyurethane, the aluminum silicate powder, the activated carbon, the polypropylene fiber, the diatomite, the volcanic rock ballast, the kaolin, the waste rock wool board, the waste glass, the nano titanium dioxide, the cement, the air entraining agent, the retarder, the water reducing agent and the water are used as raw materials, and the waste rock wool board and the waste glass are used as wastes, so that the cost required by the production can be greatly reduced, and the production cost is low.
The weight parts of the components are as follows: 13 parts of calcium silicate powder, 8 parts of sawdust powder, 18 parts of polyurethane, 9 parts of aluminum silicate powder, 6 parts of activated carbon, 2 parts of polypropylene fiber, 12 parts of diatomite, 5.5 parts of volcanic rock residue, 1.7 parts of kaolin, 23 parts of waste rock wool board, 16 parts of waste glass, 13 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 15 parts of cement, 0.3 part of air entraining agent, 0.5 part of retarder, 0.7 part of water reducing agent and 15 parts of water.
The particle size of the diatomite is 250-450 meshes; in this example, the particle size of diatomaceous earth was 280 mesh.
The cement is aluminate cement.
The air entraining agent is alkyl benzene sulfonate.
The retarder is sodium pyrophosphate.
The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
The preparation method of the building material comprises the following steps:
a. weighing the required raw materials in parts by weight;
b. putting the waste rock wool boards and the waste glass into a crushing device for crushing for 8-12min to obtain crushed mixed materials; in this example, the pulverization time was 9 min;
c. putting the calcium silicate powder, the wood dust powder, the polyurethane, the aluminum silicate powder, the activated carbon, the polypropylene fiber, the diatomite, the volcanic rock slag, the kaolin, the nano titanium dioxide, the cement, the air entraining agent, the retarder, the water reducing agent, the water and the crushed mixed material in the step b into a stirrer for stirring at the stirring speed of 150 plus materials and 350rpm for 40-60min to obtain a mixed material; in this example, the stirring speed was 320rpm, and the stirring time was 45 min;
d. c, injecting the mixture obtained in the step c into a forming die, and carrying out pressure forming, wherein the pressure is controlled to be 1.1-1.3MPa, and the pressing time is controlled to be 25-35min, so as to obtain a forming material; in the present example, the pressure was controlled at 1.2MPa and the pressing time was controlled at 30 min;
e. d, putting the molding material in the step d into an oven for drying at the drying temperature of 60-74 ℃ for 5-8h to obtain a finished building material; in this embodiment, the drying temperature is 69 ℃ and the drying time is 6 h.
By adopting the method, the preparation of the building material can be finished through the steps of material taking, crushing, stirring, forming, drying and the like, and the preparation is convenient.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the crushing device in step b comprises a base 1, a crushing box 20 is fixed on the base 1 through support legs 19, a filter ring 15 is arranged in the crushing box 20, the outer side of the filter ring 15 is connected with the inner wall of the crushing box 20 through an elastic connecting ring 23, the inner side of the filter ring 15 is connected with an elastic mounting plate 31, the mounting plate 31 is circular, the filter ring 15 divides the inner part of the crushing box 20 into an upper crushing cavity and a lower crushing cavity, the filter ring 15 is arranged, so that the filter ring 15 can screen materials, small-particle materials can fall below the filter ring 15, so that the second crushing cutter 18 can crush the materials again, the crushing effect of the materials is ensured, a first bearing 11 is clamped on the upper surface of the crushing box 20, a first rotating shaft 10 is sleeved in the first bearing 11, and by arranging the first bearing 11 and the first rotating shaft 10, so that the first rotating shaft 10 can rotate, and the first crushing cutter 14 can rotate, the lower end of the first rotating shaft 10 is fixedly connected with a plurality of first crushing cutters 14, and the number of the first crushing cutters 14 on each first rotating shaft 10 is two; the first crushing cutter 14 is positioned in the upper crushing cavity, the upper end of the first rotating shaft 10 is fixedly connected with the driven wheel 9, the driven wheel 9 is in transmission connection with the driving wheel 7 through the belt 8, the driving wheel 7 is also connected with a first transmission structure capable of driving the driving wheel to rotate, the first transmission structure comprises a first motor 16, the body of the first motor 16 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the crushing box 20 through a first fixing plate 13, the output shaft of the first motor 16 is fixedly connected with the driving wheel 7, and the output shaft of the first motor 16 is fixedly connected with the driving wheel 7 in a key connection mode; the first fixing plate 13 is arranged, so that the body of the first motor 16 can be fixed, and the first motor 16 can work normally, wherein the model of the first motor 16 is Y80M 1-2.
The upper surface of the crushing box 20 is provided with a feeding hole 20a, the upper surface of the crushing box 20 is provided with a cover plate 12 at a position corresponding to the feeding hole 20a, the left side surface and the right side surface of the inner wall of the crushing box 20 are respectively clamped with a second bearing 21, a second rotating shaft 2 is sleeved in the second bearing 21, the second rotating shaft 2 can rotate by arranging the second bearing 21 and the second rotating shaft 2, so that the second crushing knife 18 can rotate, the second rotating shaft 2 is fixedly connected with the second crushing knife 18, and the second rotating shaft 2 is fixedly connected with the second crushing knife 18 in a welding mode; and the second smashes sword 18 and is located lower crushing intracavity, the right-hand member and the first gear 3 fixed connection of second pivot 2, first gear 3 is located the right side of smashing case 20, and first gear 3 and the meshing of second gear 4, through setting up first gear 3 and second gear 4, second transmission structure work drives second gear 4 and rotates, second gear 4 drives first gear 3 and rotates, first gear 3 drives second pivot 2 and rotates, second pivot 2 drives the rotation of second crushing sword 18, thereby make second crushing sword 18 can smash the material.
The second gear 4 is also connected with a second transmission structure which can drive the second gear to rotate, the second transmission structure comprises a second motor 5, the body of the second motor 5 is fixedly connected with the right side surface of the crushing box 20 through a second fixing plate 6, the output shaft of the second motor 5 is fixedly connected with the second gear 4, the body of the second motor 5 can be fixed through arranging the second fixing plate 6, so that the second motor 5 can work normally, the second motor 5 is Y90S-2, the left side surface of the second transmission structure is fixedly connected with the right side surface of the crushing box 20, a power supply 22 is arranged on the base 1, a switch is arranged on the power supply 22, the power supply 22 can provide power for the first motor 16 and the second motor 5, the switch can control the first motor 16 and the second motor 5 to work, so that the operation of workers is convenient, the output end of the power supply 22 is electrically connected with the input end of the switch, the output end of the switch is respectively electrically connected with the input ends of the first motor 16 and the second motor 5, the lower surface of crushing case 20 is provided with discharge gate 20b, and the front of discharge gate 20b is provided with valve 17, and the quantity of supporting leg 19 is four, and four supporting legs 19 are located the four corners department of crushing case 20 lower surface respectively.
A vibration motor 32 is further fixed on the mounting plate 31, and the vibration motor 32 is further fixed on the mounting plate 31 in a bolt connection mode; with this structure, the filter ring 15 can be vibrated up and down by the vibration motor 32.
The filter ring 15 comprises a plurality of filter plate bodies, in this embodiment, the number of the filter plate bodies is thirty; the two connected filtering plate bodies are connected through an elastic connecting sheet; the base 1 is also provided with a conveying mechanism capable of conveying materials in the upper crushing cavity from bottom to top, the conveying mechanism comprises a material guide cylinder 28, a lifting frame 24 and a rotating rod 29, the material guide cylinder 28 is vertically arranged in the upper crushing cavity, the lower end of the material guide cylinder 28 is connected with an installation plate 31, the upper end of the material guide cylinder 28 is connected with the lifting frame 24, the lifting frame 24 is also connected with a moving structure capable of driving the lifting frame to move up and down, the side part of the material guide cylinder 28 is also provided with a plurality of input holes 28a and a plurality of output holes 28b, the number of the input holes 28a is ten, and the number of the output holes 28; the input hole 28a is close to the mounting plate 31, the output hole 28b is close to the lifting frame 24, the rotating rod 29 is vertically arranged in the guide cylinder 28, the side surface of the rotating rod 29 is fixedly provided with a helical blade 30 capable of conveying materials from bottom to top, the end part of the rotating rod 29 is connected with a rotating motor 27 capable of driving the rotating motor 27 to rotate, the rotating motor 27 is fixed on the lifting frame 24, the output shaft of the rotating motor 27 is vertically downward, and the end part of the output shaft of the rotating motor 27 is connected with the rotating rod 29.
The moving structure comprises a push rod motor 34, a guide rail 35, a sliding block 36, a connecting rod 26 and a bracket 33, wherein the bracket 33 is fixed on the base 1, and the bracket 33 is fixed on the base 1 in a welding mode; the guide rail 35 is vertically fixed on the bracket 33, and the guide rail 35 is vertically fixed on the bracket 33 in a bolt connection mode; the sliding block 36 is arranged on the guide rail 35, the push rod motor 34 is fixed on the bracket 33, and the push rod motor 34 is fixed on the bracket 33 in a bolt connection mode; the push rod of the push rod motor 34 is vertically upward, the end part of the push rod motor 34 is connected with the slide block 36, and the end part of the push rod motor 34 is connected with the slide block 36 in a bolt connection mode; the upper end of the connecting rod 26 is connected with the slide block 36, and the lower end of the connecting rod 26 is connected with the lifting frame 24 through the spring 25.
Limiting blocks 37 are further fixed to two ends of the guide rail 35, and the limiting blocks 37 are further fixed to two ends of the guide rail 35 in a bolt connection mode.
The working principle of the crushing device is as follows: firstly, opening a cover plate 12, adding a material into a crushing box 20 through a feeding hole 20a, controlling an output shaft of a first motor 16 to drive a driving wheel 7 to rotate, driving the driving wheel 7 to drive a driven wheel 9 to rotate, driving a first rotating shaft 10 to rotate by the driven wheel 9, driving a first crushing knife 14 to rotate by the first rotating shaft 10, so that the first crushing knife 14 crushes the material, and the crushed small-particle material falls below a filter ring 15 through the filter ring 15; a push rod of a push rod motor 34 is controlled to drive a slide block 36 to move up and down along a guide rail 35, the slide block 36 drives a lifting frame 24 to move up and down through a connecting rod 26, the lifting frame 24 drives a mounting plate 31 to move up and down, the mounting plate 31 enables a filtering plate body to deform to form an upward convex structure or a downward concave structure, and small particle materials in an upper crushing cavity can quickly enter a lower crushing cavity; when the material guiding device is of a downward concave structure, large-particle materials at the position of the filter ring 15 enter the material guiding cylinder 28 from the input hole 28a, the output shaft of the rotating motor 27 is controlled to drive the rotating rod 29 to rotate, the rotating rod 29 drives the helical blade 30 to rotate, the helical blade 30 conveys the large-particle materials from bottom to top and conveys the large-particle materials from the output hole 28b to the first crushing cutter 14, and crushing of the materials is accelerated; the output shaft of the second motor 5 is controlled to drive the second gear 4 to rotate, the second gear 4 drives the first gear 3 to rotate, the first gear 3 drives the second rotating shaft 2 to rotate, the second rotating shaft 2 drives the second crushing knife 18 to rotate, so that the second crushing knife 18 crushes the materials again, after the materials are crushed, the first motor 16 and the second motor 5 are controlled to stop working, then the valve 17 of the discharge port 20b is opened, and the materials in the crushing box 20 can be taken out.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A preparation method of a building material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 13 parts of calcium silicate powder, 8 parts of sawdust powder, 18 parts of polyurethane, 9 parts of aluminum silicate powder, 6 parts of activated carbon, 2 parts of polypropylene fiber, 12 parts of diatomite, 5.5 parts of volcanic rock residue, 1.7 parts of kaolin, 23 parts of waste rock wool board, 16 parts of waste glass, 13 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 15 parts of cement, 0.3 part of air entraining agent, 0.5 part of retarder, 0.7 part of water reducing agent and 15 parts of water;
b. putting the waste rock wool boards and the waste glass into a crushing device for crushing for 8-12min to obtain crushed mixed materials;
c. putting the calcium silicate powder, the wood dust powder, the polyurethane, the aluminum silicate powder, the activated carbon, the polypropylene fiber, the diatomite, the volcanic rock slag, the kaolin, the nano titanium dioxide, the cement, the air entraining agent, the retarder, the water reducing agent, the water and the crushed mixed material in the step b into a stirrer for stirring at the stirring speed of 150 plus materials and 350rpm for 40-60min to obtain a mixed material;
d. c, injecting the mixture obtained in the step c into a forming die, and carrying out pressure forming, wherein the pressure is controlled to be 1.1-1.3MPa, and the pressing time is controlled to be 25-35min, so as to obtain a forming material;
e. d, putting the molding material in the step d into an oven for drying at the drying temperature of 60-74 ℃ for 5-8h to obtain a finished building material;
the crushing device in the step b comprises a base, a crushing box is fixed on the base through supporting legs, a filter ring is arranged in the crushing box, the outer side of the filter ring is connected with the inner wall of the crushing box through an elastic connecting ring, the inner side of the filter ring is connected with an elastic mounting plate, the mounting plate is circular in shape, the filter ring divides the inner part of the crushing box into an upper crushing cavity and a lower crushing cavity, a first bearing is clamped on the upper surface of the crushing box, a first rotating shaft is sleeved in the first bearing, the lower end of the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a plurality of first crushing cutters, the first crushing cutters are positioned in the upper crushing cavity, the upper end of the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a driven wheel, the driven wheel is in transmission connection with a driving wheel through a belt, and the driving wheel is also connected with a first transmission; the upper surface of the crushing box is provided with a feeding hole, a cover plate is arranged at a position, corresponding to the feeding hole, of the upper surface of the crushing box, a second bearing is clamped on the left side surface and the right side surface of the inner wall of the crushing box, a second rotating shaft is sleeved in the second bearing, a second crushing cutter is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft and is positioned in a lower crushing cavity, the right end of the second rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a first gear, the first gear is positioned on the right side of the crushing box and is meshed with a second gear, the second gear is also connected with a second transmission structure capable of driving the second gear to rotate, the lower surface of the crushing box is provided with a discharging hole, and a valve is arranged at the discharging hole; the filter ring comprises a plurality of filter plate bodies, and the two connected filter plate bodies are connected through an elastic connecting sheet; the automatic material feeding device is characterized in that a conveying mechanism capable of conveying materials in an upper crushing cavity from bottom to top is further arranged on the base, the conveying mechanism comprises a guide cylinder, a lifting frame and a rotating rod, the guide cylinder is vertically arranged in the upper crushing cavity, the lower end of the guide cylinder is connected with the mounting plate, the upper end of the guide cylinder is connected with the lifting frame, the lifting frame is further connected with a moving structure capable of driving the guide cylinder to move up and down, a plurality of input holes and a plurality of output holes are further formed in the side portion of the guide cylinder, the input holes are close to the mounting plate, the output holes are close to the lifting frame, the rotating rod is vertically arranged in the guide cylinder, a helical blade capable of conveying the materials from bottom to top is fixed; the moving structure comprises a push rod motor, a guide rail, a sliding block, a connecting rod and a support, the support is fixed on the base, the guide rail is vertically fixed on the support, the sliding block is arranged on the guide rail, the push rod motor is fixed on the support, a push rod of the push rod motor vertically faces upwards, the end portion of the push rod motor is connected with the sliding block, the upper end of the connecting rod is connected with the sliding block, and the lower end of the connecting rod is connected with the.
2. The method for preparing a building material according to claim 1, wherein the first transmission structure comprises a first motor, a body of the first motor is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the crushing box through a first fixing plate, and an output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected with the driving wheel.
3. The method for preparing a building material according to claim 1, wherein the second transmission structure comprises a second motor, a body of the second motor is fixedly connected with the right side surface of the crushing box through a second fixing plate, and an output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected with a second gear.
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| CN103962217A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2014-08-06 | 昆山尚达智机械有限公司 | Novel high precision crusher |
| CN107188503A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-09-22 | 合肥华盖光伏科技有限公司 | A kind of environmental-friendly construction material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103962217A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2014-08-06 | 昆山尚达智机械有限公司 | Novel high precision crusher |
| CN107188503A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-09-22 | 合肥华盖光伏科技有限公司 | A kind of environmental-friendly construction material and preparation method thereof |
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