CN108575176A - A kind of appropriate shallow shaft method of prevention salinization of soil - Google Patents
A kind of appropriate shallow shaft method of prevention salinization of soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN108575176A CN108575176A CN201810560121.XA CN201810560121A CN108575176A CN 108575176 A CN108575176 A CN 108575176A CN 201810560121 A CN201810560121 A CN 201810560121A CN 108575176 A CN108575176 A CN 108575176A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of appropriate shallow shaft methods of prevention salinization of soil, this method is that " shallow well " well body is located at shallow stratum in salinization of soil influential " at salt structure ", by the salt water (brackish water) for extracting this layer, on the one hand groundwater level is reduced, on the other hand the source for eliminating earth's surface salinity, enables salinization of soil to terminate.The present invention with it is previous control salt technology compared with, have many advantages, such as that quantities is small, at low cost, floor space is small, saves land resource, and job facilities durable, controls salt thoroughly and persistently, and utilization scope is wide.
Description
The application be application No. is：2013107165458, invention and created name is：A kind of appropriate shallow well side of prevention salinization of soil
Method, the applying date be：The divisional application of the application for a patent for invention on December 24th, 2013.
Technical field
The present invention relates to alkaline land improving technical field more particularly to a kind of appropriate shallow well sides of prevention salinization of soil
Method.
Background technology
In vast inland arid and semi-arid region of no relief, since evaporation capacity is more than precipitation, a large amount of underground water was evaporating
Solubility salt is carried in journey to accumulate in earth's surface, and large area soil is made to generate salinization of soil.People are developing and using drought-hit area soil mistake
Cheng Zhong makes level of ground water constantly increase due to the use of the unsuitable irrigation method such as broad irrigation, is objectively exacerbating this
The development of class area salinization of soil.In face of the generation of large area saline Land, people have just started a large amount of improvement salinization of soil
Practice, wherein being widely used using the method that the gutter desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching drains.But that there are quantities is big for the method, land occupation is more,
Engineering easily the drawbacks such as destroys by the outer force effect such as precipitation, wind, and sustainable utilization is unable in many places, often all halfway and
It is useless, cause salinization of soil arbitrarily to develop.The gutter for repairing digging for desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching draining in RS in Alkali Region, generally all in 3 to 4 years time
In, since the effect of big wind action, Atmospheric precipitation is nearly all filled by surface dust, the 1/2 of some ditch depths is buried, some ditches
Shoulder is destroyed, and being destroyed because of human factor also is blocked by road, field, channel, lose drain function, make one
Power material resources put into prodigious great engineering, and all that has been achieved is spoiled.Similar sudden and violent leakage in an atmosphere control salt engineering, often big
Under the outer force effect of gas precipitation, wind etc., easily wrecks, be unable to sustainable utilization.
Therefore, the prior art is defective, needs to improve.
Invention content
It is insufficient present in prevention saline Land the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to be directed to the prior art, it carries
A kind of appropriate shallow shaft method of prevention salinization of soil is supplied.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of appropriate shallow shaft method of prevention salinization of soil, includes the following steps：
(1) utilize geophysical method, find out RS in Alkali Region shallow stratum structure, find out the saline and alkaline source of earth's surface layer by layer position and
It pushes up, the specific location of bottom plate, and determines the depth of " shallow well ", the size of well casing accordingly；
(2) according to the hydrogeological characteristics of wellblock shallow stratum, the arrangement of determining " shallow well ", density, individual well form；
(3) according to underground water lateral displacement feature in local shallow stratum structure and saline and alkaline source layer, the individual well of shallow well is determined
Form；
(4) shallow well extracts the moisture in saline and alkaline source layer, and groundwater level is made to reduce, until it is less than local salinization of soil
Until " critical value "；
(5) " lavation salt technology is taken out "：For the location that salinization of soil is more serious and cannot plant, geophysical method is utilized
The position of saline and alkaline source layer is determined, " shallow well " is recycled to evacuate the salt water in source layer, then salt-soda soil is poured with fresh water, waits for
It pours water and all permeates the ground, after earth's surface was without ponding 24 hours, drain the moisture in saline and alkaline source layer using shallow well again, and again
Once salt-soda soil is poured using fresh water.By such " take out fill " repeatedly, solubility salt in surface soil layer by dissolving repeatedly,
It rinses, ratio constantly reduces, until when its percentage composition is reduced to the standard of non-salinization of soil；
The method, in step (3), individual well form uses " well of falling T-shaped ", " cross well " and " cryptomere well " form.
The method, in step (4), it is with saline and alkaline " source layer " according to wellblock that shallow well, which extracts the utilization of water and storage mode,
The salinity of middle salt water, the demand of local water resource and with the determination of water direction.
The method utilizes zeolite embrane method, living cells embrane method, carbon nanotube for the higher extraction water of salinity
The newest technique for desalting salt water such as film extracts potassium therein, sodium, magnesium, the chloride of calcium, sulfate, carbonate as industrial chemicals
It is used, the fresh water produced directly fills field or for cultivating；For the lower extraction water of salinity, with artificial without oozing
Lake, the mode water storage without the infiltration pool, are mainly used for cultivating；Extraction water that is extremely low for salinity and meeting irrigation requirement, directly
For filling field, cultivation.
The method, in step (4), the determination of " critical value " is determined by local " at salt stratum " structure
's.
The method, in step (5), fresh water pours salt-soda soil surface pond depth 18-20cm.
The method, in step (5), for the location of general heavy salinizedization, according to step (5) " take out and fill " 2 to 3
A period can greatly reduce the salinity in soil, reach the degree of plantation；For some special locations, pass through increase
The number of " take out and fill " achievees the purpose that constantly to reduce soil salt, until it until.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：(1) appropriate shallow well method with it is previous control salt technology compared with, have that quantities is small, cost
Low, floor space is small, saves the advantages that land resource；(2) job facilities durable, since key facility is all embedded in underground,
It is not destroyed by outer force effect, service life is longer, general above to control 10 times of salt engineering or more in the past；(3) it is thorough to control salt
With it is lasting, the present invention can not only prevent the generation of salinization of soil, but also can improve the soil of heavy salinizedization, no matter salinization of soil
Have mostly seriously, can thoroughly be administered, and the recurrence without worrying salinization of soil.Since the job facilities of the present invention are held
It is durable long, as long as we make good use of facility in the earth formation is preserved, so that it may chronically to prevent the generation and at any time of salinization of soil
The soil of salinization of soil is transformed, no matter how external condition changes, and all do not interfere with the method controls salt effect, can accomplish
Once and for all.(4) wide adaptation range, other than the salt-soda soil that coastal area is formed due to the effect by seawater, inland is wide
Big arid, semiarid zone RS in Alkali Region can be utilized well.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the shallow stratum structure in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is " well of falling T-shaped " in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the shallow stratum structure in embodiment 2.
Fig. 4 is " well of falling T-shaped " in embodiment 2.
Figure includes 1 clay loam, 2 silty loams, 3 clays, 4 flour sands, 5 fine sands, 6 sand clays, 7 silty clay soils, 8 phreatic surfaces, 9 ground
Face, 10 vertical shaft pipes, 11 horizontal well casings.
Specific implementation mode：
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
The semiarid region of no relief Inner Mongol Hubao Plain area in typical inland is chosen as trial zone.The area is few due to arid
Rain, evaporation capacity are far longer than precipitation, and people mostly use the irrigation method filling field of broad irrigation in addition, cause land region
Large area salinization of soil.We control salt using " appropriate shallow well method ", at low cost, quick, to control salt thorough.
The technological thought of " appropriate shallow well method "：So-called " appropriateness " refers to that the scale of the depth of " shallow well ", density and well body is wanted
Appropriateness；So-called " shallow well " refers to that the depth of well is shallower, and well body is located at shallow stratum for salinization of soil influential " at salt structure "
(convenient for research, all shallow stratum structure types that we will generate salinization of soil are referred to as " at salt structure ", and will not
All shallow stratum structure types that salinization of soil can be generated are referred to as " non-salt structure ") in.The basic principle of " appropriate shallow well method "
It is that (particle is coarseer in shallow stratum, good water permeability, is rich in the layer of salt water since well body is located at the saline and alkaline source layer of earth's surface
Position), by extracting the salt water (brackish water) of this layer, groundwater level is on the one hand reduced, earth's surface salinity is on the other hand eliminated
Source, so that salinization of soil is terminated.
Embodiment 1
1. position：300 meters of the Hohhot area soil right towns Qi Meidaizhao Yuci village of battalion southwest；
2. salinization and alkalization：Heavy salinizedization；
" 3. at salt structure "：It influences the main shallow stratum that the ground salinization of soil occurs to have three layers, is followed successively by viscous earth from top to bottom
Soil 1, silty loam 2, clay 3.Wherein 3 layers of clay is water barrier, ensure that the stability of phreatic surface 8；Due to 1 layer be clay loam 1,
2 layers are silty loam 2, upper thin, lower thick, the rising of such most easy capillary of stratigraphy assemblage relationship, and salinization of soil most easily occurs (see figure
1)；
5. shallow well form：" falling T-shaped ".10 internal diameter 0.6m to 0.8m of vertical shaft pipe disposes horizontal well casing in vertical shaft lower part
11, internal diameter 1.2m, pipe range 3.6m are vertically connected with vertical shaft pipe 10, collectively form " falling a T-shaped " well body.11 edge of horizontal well casing
3 layers of top surface placement of clay (see Fig. 2)；
6. shallow well Land use systems, " taking out lavation salt technology "：The position of saline and alkaline source layer is determined using geophysical method, and
It utilizes " shallow well " to evacuate the salt water in source layer, then pours salt-soda soil with fresh water, make surface pond depth 18-20cm, pouring water
After whole permeates the ground, earth's surface was without ponding 24 hours, the moisture in saline and alkaline source layer is drained using shallow well again, and again
Salt-soda soil is poured using fresh water, deep surface pond is still 18-20cm.Soil is significantly reduced after " taking out and filling " like this 3 periods
Salinity in earth has reached the degree that can be planted.
7. result：Trial zone, which is transform as to plant by the heavy salinizedization area that not even a blade of grass grows, is suitable for local climate condition
All crops.
Embodiment 2
1. position：The right flag people's livelihood canal south 500m of Hohhot area soil；
2. salinization and alkalization：Moderate salinization of soil；
" 3. at salt structure "：It influences the main shallow stratum that the ground salinization of soil occurs to have three layers, it is viscous to be followed successively by sand from top to bottom
Soil 6, silty clay soil 7, silty loam 2, phreatic surface 8 are located in 2 layers of silty loam.Silty loam 2 most easily generates capillary, but 7 layers of silty clay soil
Overstocked, capillary not easily passs through, therefore does not have excessive water salt and reach 6 layers of sand clay, at most can be only generated moderate salinization of soil (see figure
3)；
4. shallow well is deep：3m；
5. shallow well form：" falling T-shaped ".10 internal diameter 0.5m to 0.6m of vertical shaft pipe disposes horizontal well casing in vertical shaft lower part
11, internal diameter 1.2m, pipe range 3.6m are vertically connected with vertical shaft pipe, collectively form " falling a T-shaped " well body.Horizontal well casing 11 exists
2.1-3.3 meters of depths dispose (see Fig. 4)；
6. shallow well Land use systems, " taking out lavation salt technology "：The position of saline and alkaline source layer is determined using geophysical method, and
It utilizes " shallow well " to evacuate the salt water in source layer, then pours salt-soda soil with fresh water, make surface pond depth 18-20cm, pouring water
After whole permeates the ground, earth's surface was without ponding 24 hours, the moisture in saline and alkaline source layer is drained using shallow well again, and again
Salt-soda soil is poured using fresh water, deep surface pond is still 18-20cm.Soil is greatly reduced after " taking out and filling " like this 2 periods
In salinity, reached the degree that can be planted.
7. result：By only growing Salt tolerant plants, the lower farmland improvement inferior of yield per unit area is that can plant for trial zone
Plant the high-quality farmland of all kinds of cereal crops, economy class crop；
It should be understood that for those of ordinary skills, it can be modified or changed according to the above description,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of appropriate shallow shaft method of prevention salinization of soil, characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) utilize the geophysical method, find out RS in Alkali Region shallow stratum structure, find out the saline and alkaline source of earth's surface layer by layer position and
It pushes up, the specific location of bottom plate, and determines the depth of " shallow well " accordingly, the size of well casing；
(2) according to underground water lateral displacement feature in local shallow stratum structure and saline and alkaline source layer, the arrangement side of " shallow well " is determined
Formula, density, individual well form；
(3) shallow well extracts the moisture of saline and alkaline source layer, and groundwater level is made to decline, until groundwater level is less than local salinization of soil
Until " critical value "；
(4) " lavation salt technology is taken out "：For the location that salinization of soil is more serious and cannot plant, determined using geophysical method
The position of good saline and alkaline source layer, recycles " shallow well " to evacuate the salt water of source layer, then fresh water is utilized to pour salt-soda soil, waits pouring water
It all permeates the ground, after earth's surface was without ponding 24 hours, drains the moisture in saline and alkaline source layer using shallow well again, and again
Salt-soda soil is poured using fresh water, by " take out and fill " so repeatedly, solubility salt is dissolved, is rinsed repeatedly in surface soil layer,
Ratio is constantly reduced, until when its percentage composition is reduced to the standard of non-salinization of soil；
Individual well form is using forms such as " wells of falling T-shaped ", " cross well " and " cryptomere well ".
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810560121.XA CN108575176A (en) | 2013-12-24 | 2013-12-24 | A kind of appropriate shallow shaft method of prevention salinization of soil |
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| CN201810560121.XA CN108575176A (en) | 2013-12-24 | 2013-12-24 | A kind of appropriate shallow shaft method of prevention salinization of soil |
| CN201310716545.8A CN103703886A (en) | 2013-12-24 | 2013-12-24 | Moderate shallow shaft method for preventing and controlling salinization |
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| CN201310716545.8A Division CN103703886A (en) | 2013-12-24 | 2013-12-24 | Moderate shallow shaft method for preventing and controlling salinization |
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| CN201810560118.8A Pending CN108575175A (en) | 2013-12-24 | 2013-12-24 | A kind of appropriate shallow shaft method of prevention salinization of soil |
| CN201810560121.XA Withdrawn CN108575176A (en) | 2013-12-24 | 2013-12-24 | A kind of appropriate shallow shaft method of prevention salinization of soil |
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| CN103999739B (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2016-08-10 | 北京师范大学 | A kind of winter irrigation method and system in coastal region salt-soda soil, the north |
| CN107211611A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-09-29 | 孙模海 | Physical engineering Desert Control, Desertification Soil and the method for repairing sand ground |
| CN107653931B (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2024-02-09 | 中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心 | Saline-alkali soil transformation system and method |
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| RU2154370C2 (en) * | 1998-09-15 | 2000-08-20 | Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт кормов им. В.Р. Вильямса | Method for indicating acidity of gley soils of natural forage lands |
| CN101283656A (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2008-10-15 | 沧州市农林科学院 | Shallow water level double salt-affected soil raw soil planting and greening method |
| CN101444155B (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2010-12-08 | 北京精诚博桑科技有限公司 | Device and method for improving saline land |
| CN201830631U (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2011-05-18 | 深圳市文科园艺实业有限公司 | Greening and desalting system for saline-alkali soil |
| CN102726141A (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2012-10-17 | 张永康 | Saline-alkali soil improvement facility and method |
| CN103385047B (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2016-05-04 | 武羡慧 | A kind of following current row well method of preventing and treating salinization of soil |
| CN103355022B (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2016-03-30 | 陈秀海 | A kind of three dimensions improvement saline land is the method in paddy field |
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| CN103703886A (en) | 2014-04-09 |
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