CN108574344B - 用于电动车辆延迟充电的无线电力质量警告 - Google Patents

用于电动车辆延迟充电的无线电力质量警告 Download PDF

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CN108574344B
CN108574344B CN201810159319.7A CN201810159319A CN108574344B CN 108574344 B CN108574344 B CN 108574344B CN 201810159319 A CN201810159319 A CN 201810159319A CN 108574344 B CN108574344 B CN 108574344B
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vehicle
charging
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CN108574344A (zh
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R·M·阿什比
B·R·琼斯
A·J·纳牟
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
    • G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
    • G01V3/10—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/124—Detection or removal of foreign bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/126—Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/31—Charging columns specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/64—Optimising energy costs, e.g. responding to electricity rates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
    • B60Q1/50—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating other intentions or conditions, e.g. request for waiting or overtaking
    • B60Q1/543—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating other intentions or conditions, e.g. request for waiting or overtaking for indicating other states or conditions of the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q5/00—Arrangement or adaptation of acoustic signal devices
    • B60Q5/005—Arrangement or adaptation of acoustic signal devices automatically actuated
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/60—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H02J7/025—
    • H02J7/027—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00034—Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract

用于车辆的延迟充电系统在计划充电时间之前执行能量传输效率检查，以确认足够的电网质量和无线电力质量。除此之外，在计划充电之前执行异物检查。这些检查是在客户设定延迟启用之后立即执行，以及在此后的指定时间间隔执行。如果检测到电力质量问题，则警告客户，从而他们可以纠正这种情况。

Description

用于电动车辆延迟充电的无线电力质量警告
技术领域
本公开涉及电动车辆的延迟充电，并且更具体地涉及在计划充电时间之前的无线电力质量检查，以向车主通知充电问题。
发明内容
本部分提供与本公开相关的背景信息，其不一定是现有技术。
在利用延迟充电时，客户通过在电价较便宜的非高峰时段充电可以节省费用。当尝试利用无线系统执行延迟充电时，可能会出现问题，这会导致延迟充电启用失败。这些问题包括失调、异物入侵和电网故障。
本公开在计划充电时间之前实施能量传输效率检查，以确认足够的电网质量和无线电力质量。除此之外，在计划充电之前执行异物检查。这些检查在客户设定延迟启用之后立即执行，以及在此后的指定时间间隔时执行。如果检测到电力质量问题，将警告客户，从而他们可以在他们离开车辆之前纠正这种情况。
根据下文提供的描述，其他应用领域将变得显而易见。本发明内容中的描述和具体示例仅用于说明的目的，而不旨在限制本公开的范围。
附图说明
以下描述的附图仅用于选定实施例而不是所有可能的实施方式的说明目的，并且不旨在限制本公开的范围。
图1是根据本公开的原理的电动车辆充电系统的示意图；以及
图2是示出根据本公开的原理的用于为电动车辆延迟充电提供无线质量警告的示例性步骤的流程图。
贯穿附图的几个视图，相应的附图标记表示相应的部件。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例性实施例。
提供示例性实施例是为了使本公开透彻且充分地将范围传达给本领域技术人员。阐述了各种具体细节，诸如特定部件、装置和方法的示例，以提供对本公开的实施例的透彻理解。对于本领域技术人员将显而易见的是，不需要采用具体细节，示例性实施例可以以许多不同的形式来体现，并且都不应该被解释为限制本公开的范围。在一些示例性实施例中，没有详细地描述公知的过程、公知的设备结构和公知的技术。
本文使用的术语仅为了描述特定示例性实施例的目的，而不意图是限制性的。如本文所使用的，单数形式“一”，“一个”和“该”也可以意图包括复数形式，除非上下文另外清楚地指出。术语“包括”、“包含”、“含有”和“具有”是包含性的，并且因此表示存在所述的特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件和/或部件，但不排除存在或另外还有一个或多个其他的特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件、部件和/或其组合。本文所描述的方法步骤、过程和操作不应被解释为必须要求它们以所讨论或示出的特定顺序执行，除非明确地标识为执行顺序。还应该理解，可以采用另外的或替代的步骤。
当元件或层被称为在另一元件或层“上”，“接合到”、“连接到”或“耦接到”另一元件或层时，其可以直接在另一元件或层上，接合、连接或耦接到另一元件或层，或者可能存在中间元件或层。相比之下，当元件被称为“直接在......上”，“直接接合到”、“直接连接到”或“直接耦接到”另一元件或层时，可能不存在中间元件或层。用来描述元件之间关系的其他词语应该以类似方式解释(例如，“在...之间”与“直接在...之间”，“相邻”与“直接相邻”等)。如本文所使用的，术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关所列项目中的任何一个和所有组合。
尽管本文可以使用术语第一、第二、第三等来描述各个元件、部件、区域、层和/或部分，但是这些元件、部件、区域、层和/或部分不应受这些术语的限制。这些术语可以仅用来将一个元件、部件、区域、层或部分与另一个区域、层或部分区分开。诸如“第一”、“第二”和其他数字术语的术语在本文中使用时并不意味着顺序或次序，除非在上下文中明确地指出。因此，下面讨论的第一元件、部件、区域、层或部分在不脱离示例性实施例的教导的情况下可以称为第二元件、部件、区域、层或部分。
为便于描述，本文可以使用诸如“内”、“外”、“下面”、“下方”、“下部”、“上方”、“上部”等空间相关术语来描述图中所示的一个元件或特征与另一个元件或特征的关系。除了图中所示的方位之外，空间相关术语可以意图包含使用或操作时的装置的不同方位。例如，如果将附图中的装置翻转，则被描述为在其他元件或特征“下方”或“下面”的元件将被定向为在其他元件或特征“上方”。因此，示例性术语“下方”可以包括上方和下方两个方位。装置可以以其他方式定向(旋转90度或在处于其他方位)，并且相应地解释在此使用的空间相关描述。
参考图1，示出了车辆充电站，其包括车辆无线充电器10和停放在车辆无线充电器10的顶部上方的车辆12。充电器控制面板14和充电器控制单元16可设置为用于控制车辆无线充电器10的操作。车辆12包括车辆控制单元18。车辆控制单元18和/或充电器控制单元16可以设置有通信系统，该通信系统可以提供车辆控制单元18与充电器控制单元16之间的通信，并且通过文本消息、电子邮件或可以通过用户智能电话、平板电脑、计算机或其他用户通信设备20访问的其他已知通信技术向车主提供通信。车辆控制单元18、充电器控制单元16和用户通信设备20之间的通信优选地是无线通信，但也可以根据需要使用其他有线通信。
车辆无线充电器10通常是已知的，并且具有在无需有线连接的情况下对车辆电池系统22充电的能力，这使得电动车辆所有者更加方便。无线充电方法利用电磁学，通过使电力行进穿过产生磁场的线圈，这允许电流在两个线圈之间传输而无需物理连接。在当前情况下，两个线圈包括地面上的车辆充电器10和车辆10下侧上的接收器单元24。接收器单元24连接到车载电池系统22以对电池系统22充电。
车主可以通过与车辆控制单元18、充电器控制面板14和/或用户通信设备20连接的接口来启用延迟无线充电。如图2所示，在步骤100启动延迟之后，在步骤102控制系统执行异物检查。异物检查可以利用可安装在车辆充电器10和/或车辆12上的传感器30或传感器阵列来感测物体并将物体的检测传达给充电器控制单元16和车辆控制单元18中的一个。传感器可以包括根据情况用于检测障碍物的声纳设备、立体相机、激光器和雷达。在步骤104，确定是否检测到异物。如果是，则控制进行到步骤106，其中，警告客户无线电力质量问题。警报可以发送到用户的通信设备20和/或可选地经由车灯、喇叭声的激活或经由充电器控制面板14上的指示器来发送。
如果在步骤104没有检测到异物，则控制进行到步骤108，其中请求临时无线能量传输。在步骤110，评估能量传输效率。计算充电效率的一种可能方法是将测量功率[kW]除以所需功率[kW]并乘以100％。
在步骤112，确定无线能量传输效率是否在预定可接受水平内，以确定充电系统是否有问题。如果无线能量传输效率不在预定可接受水平内，则控制进行到步骤106，其中，警告客户无线电力质量问题。警报可以发送到用户的通信设备20和/或可选地经由车灯和喇叭的激活或经由充电器控制面板14来发送。如果在步骤112无线能量传输效率在预定可接受水平内，则控制进行到步骤114，其中，在控制返回到步骤102以进行另一个周期性电力质量检查之前，允许经过预定时间段。一旦达到延迟充电的选定时间，控制就进行到步骤116以启动充电操作。
本公开的系统利用无线系统提高了延迟充电的可靠性，使得客户可以通过在电价较便宜的非高峰时段充电来节省费用，并且这将允许更多地接受无线充电技术。
已经出于说明和描述的目的提供了对实施例的上述描述。其不旨在是穷尽的或者限制本公开。特定实施例的各个元件或特征通常不限于该特定实施例，而是在适用的情况下可互换并且可以在选定实施例中使用，即使没有具体示出或描述。同样的情况在很多方面也可能变化。这样的变化不认为背离本公开，并且所有这样的修改旨在被包括在本公开的范围内。

Claims (6)

1.一种用于车辆电池系统的延迟无线充电的方法，包括：
启动车辆充电器进行任何初始充电之前的延迟充电事件；以及
在延迟充电事件之前的延迟时段期间，执行异物检测以检测所述车辆充电器与所述车辆上的接收器单元之间的任何异物；在延迟充电事件之前的延迟时段期间内以指定的间隔重复多次执行异物检测的步骤；以及
如果检测到异物，则警告用户无线充电问题。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：在所述延迟充电事件之前的延迟时段期间，执行临时无线能量传输并评估能量传输效率，并且如果所述能量传输效率不在预定能量传输效率水平内，则警告用户无线充电问题。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，警告用户无线充电问题的步骤经由用户的个人通信设备。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，警告用户无线充电问题的步骤经由车辆喇叭声。
5.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，警告用户无线充电问题的步骤经由用户的个人通信设备。
6.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，警告用户无线充电问题的步骤经由车辆喇叭声。
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