CN108566907A - A kind of method of degeneration Marsh Wetland birds bait fish proliferation - Google Patents
A kind of method of degeneration Marsh Wetland birds bait fish proliferation Download PDFInfo
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- CN108566907A CN108566907A CN201810453960.1A CN201810453960A CN108566907A CN 108566907 A CN108566907 A CN 108566907A CN 201810453960 A CN201810453960 A CN 201810453960A CN 108566907 A CN108566907 A CN 108566907A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of method of degeneration Marsh Wetland birds bait fish proliferation, it is related to a kind of method of degeneration Marsh Wetland fish multiplication.The present invention is to solve the Marsh Wetlands in autumn and migratory bird moving season in spring without Fish Survival, lose as migrate migratory bird pass by rest ground ecological functions the technical issues of.The present invention：One, fish habitat habitat suitability reparation；Two, fish accrue.The method of degeneration Marsh Wetland birds bait fish proliferation using the present invention, it can ensure that Marsh Wetland can keep a certain number of bait fish resources in summer, autumn, three season of spring, with the weight of fish and the incrementss of number of individuals gauge for 768.2% and 261.8%, bait constantly is provided for birds, rests ground to make degeneration Marsh Wetland gradually revert to migrate migratory bird and pass by.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of degeneration Marsh Wetland fish multiplication.
Background technology
Marsh Wetland is both the common habitat of fish and birds, while being the important sources of fish feeding habits birds bait fish again
One of ground.Heilungkiang Zhalong National Nature Reserve, Momoge Nature Reserve in Jilin Province and the Jilin of song-Nen plain
The Xianghai Natural Reserve belongs to Marsh Wetland type nature reserve area, and is all that migrate that migratory bird passes by important is rested
Ground.With Wetland ecological steady decay, Marsh Wetland bait fish resource is being reduced, and Marsh Wetland is as fish and Studies on Avian Habitat
Ecological functions gradually lose, the quantity of resting for migrating migratory bird is also declining.Although the river and lake connection engineering implemented in recent years is again
So that a large amount of degeneration Marsh Wetlands is gradually being restored, but because under natural conditions Marsh Wetland water body it is shallower, summer high temperature drought
Frequently result in dry, fish can not survive, and the food sources of birds loses guarantee, thus Marsh Wetland is originally as migrating migratory bird
Pass by rest ground ecological functions be not restored.
Marsh is always treated as " no fish wetland ".The Marsh Wetland of song-Nen plain is largely the nothing formed by lower reaches of river
Tail river and lake falling zone are developed, and with river and lake close relation, summer flooding season forms " rivers-natural pond
Pool ", the compound Marsh Wetland in " lake-marsh ", the fish in rivers and lakes can enter Marsh Wetland oviposition breeding, forage fattening；
After flood fall, the fish part in Marsh Wetland returns to rivers and lakes, and another part is stranded in the bubble of the shallow water in Marsh Wetland.
The fish being trapped in Marsh Wetland, on the one hand because of summer high temperature, most shallow water bubbles are dry, cause most of fish dead；Separately
Even if on the one hand a small number of fish are survived, but are all freezed to death due to a lack of overwintering habitat.However, actual conditions are autumn and spring
Season bird migratory seasons, Marsh Wetland just without Fish Survival, lose as migrate migratory bird pass by rest ground ecological work(
Energy.
In terms of ecosystem angle, because lacking the macroconsumers such as fish, cause above-mentioned compound Marsh Wetland ecosystem
The system producer, consumer, analyst's proportional imbalance, food chain is imperfect, and substance cycle and energy flow are unsmooth, energy conversion effect
Rate is low, and ecological functions are weak.
Based on above-mentioned, reparation degeneration damp marsh wetland fish habitat environment, it is proliferated bait fish resource, raising Marsh Wetland is made
For fish, the suitability of Studies on Avian Habitat, restores Marsh Wetland food chain structure, be classified as state key development project northeast allusion quotation
Type degraded wetland restores one of the main contents with reconstruction technique and demonstration, and related exploration has been carried out since 2016.
Invention content
The present invention is to solve the Marsh Wetlands in autumn and migratory bird moving season in spring without Fish Survival, loses as moving
The migratory bird that moves pass by rest ground ecological functions the technical issues of, and provide a kind of side of degeneration Marsh Wetland birds bait fish proliferation
Method.
The method of the degeneration Marsh Wetland birds bait fish proliferation of the present invention carries out according to the following steps：
One, fish habitat habitat suitability reparation：
1., amplification Fish Survival space：To the natural chaor band communicated with rivers in Marsh Wetland dig downwards mud with
Increase reservoir storage；The downward depth for digging mud is the water in Marsh Wetland after digging mud to the flood subsidence of summer downwards
Depth is 0.7m~0.75m；
2., build fish overwinter habitat：The natural chaor band communicated with rivers in Marsh Wetland is intake close to rivers
It is dug under one end of mouth to fish safe overwintering requirement is met, builds overwintering area；
It is described that meet fish safe overwintering requirement be lower dig to the depth of water under winter ice face is 1.3m~1.4m；
The area in the overwintering area is the 0.4%~0.45% of the flood period Marsh Wetland inundated area of summer；
3., breeding habitat suitability reparation：
Reach suitable required by fish oviposition breeding in regional artificial's after-culture emergent aquactic plant to the vegetation density of growing plant
Suitable density builds vegetation appropriate density area；
The vegetation density reach the required Suitable Density of fish oviposition breeding be 130 plant/square metre~135 plant/
Square metre；
The area in the vegetation appropriate density area be summer flood period Marsh Wetland inundated area 0.7%~
0.75%；
Two, fish accrue：
Water conservation：Step 1 2. in the natural chaor band that is communicated with rivers in Marsh Wetland intake close to rivers
The overwintering area that one end of mouth is built builds dam, and summer flooding season river flood nature overflow dam is made to enter Marsh Wetland, flood
Dam prevents flood a lot of leakage in Marsh Wetland when water subsides；
It fills river and receives fry：While summer flooding seasonal flood overflow dam enters Marsh Wetland, fluviatic fish also with
It flood and enters Marsh Wetland, during flood subsidence, the fish part entered in Marsh Wetland is as flow returns to river
River, and another part is then as flow is swum to the natural chaor band deepened, to be trapped in Marsh Wetland, until just
Ground is overwintering.
The present invention includes following advantageous effect：
The method of degeneration Marsh Wetland birds bait fish proliferation using the present invention, it can be ensured that Marsh Wetland is in summer, autumn, spring
Three seasons can keep a certain number of bait fish resources, with the weight of fish and the incrementss of number of individuals gauge be 768.2% and
261.8%, bait constantly is provided for birds, rests ground to make degeneration Marsh Wetland gradually revert to migrate migratory bird and pass by.
Specific implementation mode
Specific implementation mode one：Present embodiment is a kind of method of degeneration Marsh Wetland birds bait fish proliferation, specifically
It carries out according to the following steps：
One, fish habitat habitat suitability reparation：
1., amplification Fish Survival space：To the natural chaor band communicated with rivers in Marsh Wetland dig downwards mud with
Increase reservoir storage；The downward depth for digging mud is the water in Marsh Wetland after digging mud to the flood subsidence of summer downwards
Depth is 0.7m~0.75m；
2., build fish overwinter habitat：The natural chaor band communicated with rivers in Marsh Wetland is intake close to rivers
It is dug under one end of mouth to fish safe overwintering requirement is met, builds overwintering area；
It is described that meet fish safe overwintering requirement be lower dig to the depth of water under winter ice face is 1.3m~1.4m；
The area in the overwintering area is the 0.4%~0.45% of the flood period Marsh Wetland inundated area of summer；
3., breeding habitat suitability reparation：
Reach suitable required by fish oviposition breeding in regional artificial's after-culture emergent aquactic plant to the vegetation density of growing plant
Suitable density builds vegetation appropriate density area；
The vegetation density reach the required Suitable Density of fish oviposition breeding be 130 plant/square metre~135 plant/
Square metre；
The area in the vegetation appropriate density area be summer flood period Marsh Wetland inundated area 0.7%~
0.75%；
Two, fish accrue：
Water conservation：Step 1 2. in the natural chaor band that is communicated with rivers in Marsh Wetland intake close to rivers
The overwintering area that one end of mouth is built builds dam, and summer flooding season river flood nature overflow dam is made to enter Marsh Wetland, flood
Dam prevents flood a lot of leakage in Marsh Wetland when water subsides；
It fills river and receives fry：While summer flooding seasonal flood overflow dam enters Marsh Wetland, fluviatic fish also with
It flood and enters Marsh Wetland, during flood subsidence, the fish part entered in Marsh Wetland is as flow returns to river
River, and another part is then as flow is swum to the natural chaor band deepened, to be trapped in Marsh Wetland, until just
Ground is overwintering.
Specific implementation mode two：The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that：Step 1 1. described in day
Right chaor band is channel, river or dish.Other are same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific implementation mode three：The present embodiment is different from the first and the second embodiment in that：Step 1 1. in natural pond
It is 0.75m to be dug under the natural chaor band communicated with rivers in damp wetland to the depth of water after the flood subsidence of summer.Other with it is specific
Embodiment one or two is identical.
Specific implementation mode four：Unlike one of present embodiment and specific implementation mode one to three：Step 1 2. in
It is described that meet fish safe overwintering requirement be lower dig to the depth of water under winter ice face is 1.3m.Other and specific implementation mode one
It is identical to one of three.
Specific implementation mode five：Unlike one of present embodiment and specific implementation mode one to four：Step 1 2. in
The area in the overwintering area is the 0.4% of the flood period Marsh Wetland inundated area of summer.Other and specific implementation mode one
It is identical to one of four.
Specific implementation mode six：Unlike one of present embodiment and specific implementation mode one to five：Step 1 3. in
The emergent aquactic plant is reed.Other are identical as one of specific implementation mode one to five.
Specific implementation mode seven：Unlike one of present embodiment and specific implementation mode one to six：Step 1 3. in
It is 130 plants/square metre that the vegetation density, which reaches the required Suitable Density of fish oviposition breeding,.Other and specific embodiment party
One of formula one to six is identical.
Specific implementation mode eight：Unlike one of present embodiment and specific implementation mode one to seven：Step 1 3. in
The area in the vegetation appropriate density area is the 0.75% of the flood period Marsh Wetland inundated area of summer.Other and specific reality
It is identical to apply one of mode one to seven.
The present invention is verified with following tests：
Experiment one：
The target area of this experiment：Positioned at Momoge Nature Reserve, Ha Er, which is scratched, manages and protects station, area
200hm2, perennial flood period phase inundated area 150hm2, vegetation degeneration, be in spot block distribution, coverage 70%, 70 plants of averag density/
m2, a long 22km, mean breadth 20m Tongjiang (Nenjiang) channel pass through Swampy Areas.
One, fish habitat habitat suitability recovery project is implemented within 2015~2016：
1., amplification Fish Survival space：Mud is dug downwards to increase water storage to the channel communicated with rivers in Marsh Wetland
Amount；The downward depth for digging mud is that the depth of water in Marsh Wetland is after digging mud to the flood subsidence of summer downwards
0.75m；
2., build fish overwinter habitat：The channel communicated with rivers in Marsh Wetland is close to one end of rivers water inlet
Lower digging builds overwintering area to fish safe overwintering requirement is met；
It is described that meet fish safe overwintering requirement be lower dig to the depth of water under winter ice face is 1.3m；
The area in the overwintering area is 0.62hm2；
3., breeding habitat suitability reparation：
Reach suitable required by fish oviposition breeding in regional artificial's after-culture emergent aquactic plant to the vegetation density of growing plant
Suitable density builds vegetation appropriate density area；
It is 134 plants/square metre that the vegetation density, which reaches the required Suitable Density of fish oviposition breeding,；
The area in the vegetation appropriate density area is 1.14hm2；
Two, fish accrue：
Water conservation：Spring in 2017, step 1 2. in the channel that is communicated with rivers in Marsh Wetland close to rivers
The overwintering area that one end of water inlet is built builds dam, so that summer flooding season river flood nature overflow dam is entered marsh wet
Ground, dam prevents flood a lot of leakage in Marsh Wetland when flood subsidence；
It fills river and receives fry：While summer flooding seasonal flood overflow dam enters Marsh Wetland, fluviatic fish also with
It flood and enters Marsh Wetland, during flood subsidence, the fish part entered in Marsh Wetland is as flow returns to river
River, and another part is then as flow is swum to the natural chaor band deepened, to be trapped in Marsh Wetland, until just
Ground is overwintering.
The stock of fish being trapped in Marsh Wetland is investigated (before entering the winter) at the beginning of 11 months 2017, the results are shown in Table 1.
Spring in 2018 investigates the stock of fish situation of overwintering rear Marsh Wetland, the results are shown in Table 2.
1 2017 years resource investigation of fish for entering winter preceding trial zone of table
Note：November 4~8 2017 control time, netting gear used are linked network, total length 120m (mesh specification 1cm).
The resource investigation of fish of 2 2018 year spring of table (after overwintering) trial zone
Note：21~24 April of 2018 control time, netting gear used are linked network, total length 120m (mesh specifications
1cm)。
By the result of experiment one it is found that using the method for experiment 1 into row degradation Marsh Wetland birds bait fish proliferation test,
Marsh Wetland can be made to keep a certain number of bait fish resources in summer, autumn, three season of spring, with the weight of fish and number of individuals gauge
Incrementss be 768.2% and 261.8%, constantly bait is provided for birds, to make degeneration Marsh Wetland gradually revert to
It migrates migratory bird and passes by and rest ground.Thus a kind of method of degeneration Marsh Wetland birds bait fish proliferation of the present invention is practical
, for degeneration Marsh Wetland food chain reparation, restores degeneration Marsh Wetland as migrating migratory bird and pass by and rest the ecological functions on ground
It lays a good foundation.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method of degeneration Marsh Wetland birds bait fish proliferation, it is characterised in that degeneration Marsh Wetland birds bait fish increases
The method grown carries out according to the following steps：
One, fish habitat habitat suitability reparation：
1., amplification Fish Survival space：Mud is dug downwards to increase to the natural chaor band communicated with rivers in Marsh Wetland
Reservoir storage；The downward depth for digging mud is that the depth of water in Marsh Wetland is after digging mud to the flood subsidence of summer downwards
0.7m~0.75m；
2., build fish overwinter habitat：The natural chaor band communicated with rivers in Marsh Wetland is close to rivers water inlet
It is dug under one end to fish safe overwintering requirement is met, builds overwintering area；
It is described that meet fish safe overwintering requirement be lower dig to the depth of water under winter ice face is 1.3m~1.4m；
The area in the overwintering area is the 0.4%~0.45% of the flood period Marsh Wetland inundated area of summer；
3., breeding habitat suitability reparation：
Reach suitable close required by fish oviposition breeding in regional artificial's after-culture emergent aquactic plant to the vegetation density of growing plant
Degree builds vegetation appropriate density area；
The vegetation density reach the required Suitable Density of fish oviposition breeding be 130 plant/square metre~135 plant/square
Rice；
The area in the vegetation appropriate density area is the 0.7%~0.75% of the flood period Marsh Wetland inundated area of summer；
Two, fish accrue：
Water conservation：Step 1 2. in the natural chaor band that is communicated with rivers in Marsh Wetland close to rivers water inlet
The overwintering area that one end is built builds dam.
2. a kind of method of degeneration Marsh Wetland birds bait fish proliferation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
One 1. described in natural chaor band be channel, river or dish.
3. a kind of method of degeneration Marsh Wetland birds bait fish proliferation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
One 1. in the depth of water after the flood subsidence of summer be 0.75m to being dug under the natural chaor band that is communicated with rivers in Marsh Wetland.
4. a kind of method of degeneration Marsh Wetland birds bait fish proliferation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
One 2. described in meet fish safe overwintering requirement be it is lower dig to the depth of water under winter ice face be 1.3m.
5. a kind of method of degeneration Marsh Wetland birds bait fish proliferation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
One 2. described in overwintering area area be summer flood period Marsh Wetland inundated area 0.4%.
6. a kind of method of degeneration Marsh Wetland birds bait fish proliferation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
One 3. described in emergent aquactic plant be reed.
7. a kind of method of degeneration Marsh Wetland birds bait fish proliferation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
One 3. described in vegetation density to reach the required Suitable Density of fish oviposition breeding be 130 plants/square metre.
8. a kind of method of degeneration Marsh Wetland birds bait fish proliferation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
One 3. described in vegetation appropriate density area area be summer flood period Marsh Wetland inundated area 0.75%.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116307893A (en) * | 2023-03-20 | 2023-06-23 | 广东海洋大学 | Fish proliferation releasing water area suitability evaluation system based on data analysis |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116307893A (en) * | 2023-03-20 | 2023-06-23 | 广东海洋大学 | Fish proliferation releasing water area suitability evaluation system based on data analysis |
| CN116307893B (en) * | 2023-03-20 | 2024-01-30 | 广东海洋大学 | Fish proliferation releasing water area suitability evaluation system based on data analysis |
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