CN106035163A - Fish habitat dividing method based on hydrodynamic force condition - Google Patents
Fish habitat dividing method based on hydrodynamic force condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN106035163A CN106035163A CN201610412187.5A CN201610412187A CN106035163A CN 106035163 A CN106035163 A CN 106035163A CN 201610412187 A CN201610412187 A CN 201610412187A CN 106035163 A CN106035163 A CN 106035163A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000010192 crystallographic characterization Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 230000001681 protective Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009114 investigational therapy Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001869 rapid Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003134 recirculating Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001850 reproductive Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004681 Ovum Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001396 anti-anti-diuretic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000027326 copulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001882 diuretic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002934 diuretic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004870 electrical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009440 infrastructure construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007758 mating behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a fish habitat dividing method based on a hydrodynamic force condition. The fish habitat dividing method comprises the following steps of (1) determining a fish habitat dividing boundary range; (2) determining characteristic fish and hydrodynamic force characterization factors; (3) distinguishing fish habitats; (4) classifying the fish habitats; (5) classifying protection measures of the fish habitats; and (6) performing quantitative assessment on the protection of the fish habitats. Based on condition requirements of two types of hydrodynamic force characterization factors such as water current motion indexes, and water current energy indexes, and according to dividing principles that fish habitat protection ranges are partitioned, protection degree is graded, and protection contents are classified, repairing, dispatching and research and development work requirements of river fish habitats are planned and deployed at the source, the protection theory and the technical research system of the river fish habitats in China are filled and perfected, and the win-win of social benefits, economic benefits and environment benefits is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fish management technical field, be specifically related to a kind of Habitat for Fish based on hydrodynamic condition and draw
Divide method.
Background technology
Habitat is often referred to certain biological or region of certain ecological colony existence procreation or environmental form, broadly, dwells
Breath ground concept not only contains the vivosphere of biology, also contains the whole envirment factors in vivosphere simultaneously.For
For Fish, its habitat refers to maintain its orthobiosis, grows, looks for food, breeds and the place of other life cycles,
Waters scope necessary to whole life cycle process is completed, such as spawning ground, feeding ground, wintering ground and connection difference including Fish
The migration passage etc. in Life Stages waters, Habitat for Fish not only provides the vivosphere of Fish, also provides for meeting fish simultaneously
Whole envirment factors that class is survived, grown, breeds, such as hydrodynamic force, hydrologic regime, quality of water environment, topography and geomorphology etc., hydrodynamic(al)
Power, the hydrologic regime factor then lay particular emphasis on the HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS of Habitat for Fish, hydrologic process, and the quality of water environment factor then lays particular emphasis on
The condition of water quality of Habitat for Fish, the topography and geomorphology factor lays particular emphasis on the physical aspect condition of Habitat for Fish.
Hydrodynamic condition is the extremely important envirment factor of Habitat for Fish, even part is all given birth in Fish life cycle
The life stage is required to rely on certain specific hydrodynamic conditions just can live normally, grow, look for food, breed, as become
Existence and the size of the Fish flow velocity to be leaned on of fluidity judge the swimming route even route of migration, and external fertilization Fish are in breeding
During the region that current disorder degree is higher would generally be selected to carry out copulation, the most only reach certain disorderly journey at current
Degree just can stimulate the generation of mating behavior, and may rest on the waters rest etc. of relatively placidity before and after laying eggs.According to water
The difference of mechanics each characteristic quantity description object, can be divided into two types by the characteristic quantity characterizing river hydrodynamic condition:
The first kind is the index describing water movement feature, and representing the factor is flow velocity, Floyd's algorithm, Reynolds number.Flow velocity master
What in habitat to be reflected, a certain section Fish laid eggs stimulates flow velocity, limit velocity and the degree at random in flow field.Floyd's algorithm
Act on for fluid inertia force and the ratio of gravity, the main reflection habitat a certain section depth of water and the common of flow velocity, to judge current
Torrent, the fluidised form situation of unhurried current.Reynolds number is the ratio of habitat a certain section fluid inertia force and viscous force, and Reynolds number is less
Time, the impact of viscous force stream field is more than inertia force, and in flow field, flow velocity disturbance can decay because of viscous force, and fluid flowing is stable, for
Laminar flow；Otherwise, if Reynolds number is bigger, the impact of inertia force stream field is more than viscous force, and fluid flowing is more unstable, flow velocity micro-
Little change easily develops, strengthens, and forms turbulence flow flied disorderly, irregular.
Equations of The Second Kind is the index describing flow energy feature, and representing the factor is energy loss, kinetic energy gradient.Energy loss from
Consume the reflection riverbed, the habitat habitat a certain section effect to water movement of water energy aspect, and fish locomotion is to be resisted
Resistance situation.Kinetic energy gradient mainly reflects habitat a certain section current disorder degree, represents unit distance unit matter in current
The kinetic energy change amount of amount, can quantify with distinguish the depth of water in river course, flow velocity is similar but water stream characteristics that environment position is different, it is possible to
For estimating that Fish move to, from a certain position, the energy that another location is consumed.
The paddle construction of building, especially dam such as Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering changes the water in river, place with running
The envirment factor conditions such as power, hydrologic regime, quality of water environment, topography and geomorphology, to relating to the stock of fish in river and various
Property creates profound influence.China has, as the whole world, the country that dam quantity is most, and dam quantity is still on continuous
Rising, along with country's water conservancy and hydropower infrastructure construction dynamics of investment persistently strengthens in recent years, its quantity ascendant trend becomes apparent from, water
The Habitat for Fish protection problem that the buildings of paddling such as diuretic electrical engineering bring is the most prominent, in the urgent need to planning and deployment section
, reasonable, the Habitat for Fish protective measure of strong operability.At present, China's river fishes habitat protect, repair, compensate and
Research work is greatly all in research, imagination, design phase, and reported correlational study is concentrated mainly on Habitat for Fish assessment
Method scheduling theory research aspect, the research theory for the protection of river fishes habitat does not becomes system yet with technical system, is suitable for
China river is actual and the technology maturation of national conditions, protected effect example preferable and convenient to operate, that implement more are a lack of, to engineering
Actual guidance is limited, there is also gap, it is difficult to realize environmental benefit, warp compared with the most perfect theory and technical method
Ji benefit, the most unified and balance of social benefit.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of Habitat for Fish division methods based on hydrodynamic condition.?
Under requirement based on river hydrodynamic condition, river fishes habitat is given subregion, classification, classification, and according to fish habitat
Reparation, scheduling and the research work requirement on ground, plans, disposes and improves science, reasonable, the Habitat for Fish protection of strong operability
Measure Systems, to realize the most unified and balance of environmental benefit, economic benefit, social benefit.
The present invention is achieved by following technical solution.
A kind of Habitat for Fish division methods based on hydrodynamic condition, comprises the steps:
(1) determine that Habitat for Fish divides bounds: according to the fish that river basins globality or section locality are different
The protection requirement of class habitat, determines that basin or section Habitat for Fish divide the bounds relating to river Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream；
(2) feature Fish and the HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor are determined: investigate the stock of fish situation in bounds, water movement
With energy-distributing feature situation, and determine feature Fish in bounds, and water closely-related with it according to investigation achievement
The dynamic characteristic factor；
(3) Habitat for Fish is given subregion: according to the feature Fish space distribution situation in bounds, in conjunction with special
Levy waters, the Fish place closely-related HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor, from space layout angle, bounds is carried out Habitat for Fish
Subregion, wherein, hydrodynamic condition the Habitat for Fish divisional type divided is: according to water movement indicator conditions divide
All uniform flow district, non-uniform flow district, recirculating zone, following current district, rapids zone, area of slack water, laminar region and turbulent regions；Refer to according to flow energy
Highly energy-consuming district, low power consuming district, fluidised form disorder district and the fluidised form meadow that mark condition divides；
(4) Habitat for Fish is given classification: according to river ecological functional localization with protective plan to special in the range of border
Levy the protection requirement of Fish, require to be divided according to degree of protection rank to the Habitat for Fish of divisional type each in the range of border
Level；
(5) Habitat for Fish protective measure is classified: according to Habitat for Fish subregion, classification feelings in bounds
Condition, and combine actual with waters, the feature Fish place closely-related HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor, each subregion class in bounds
In the Habitat for Fish protection domain of type, according to corresponding protection level requirement, plan, dispose and improve science, reasonable, operability
Strong all types of Habitat for Fish protective measure systems, wherein, Habitat for Fish protective measure type is: repair class measure, tune
Degree class measure and scientific research class measure；
(6) Habitat for Fish protection is given quantitatively evaluating: according to bounds Nei Ge district, fish habitat at different levels, all kinds of
The planning of ground protective measure system and deployment scenario, become based on hydrodynamic condition watershed or section Habitat for Fish protection work
The quantization characteristic index of fruit is evaluated, to evaluate by exhibit as river Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream, upstream and downstream ecological environment holistic health sustainable development
The scientific basis estimated.
The protection of described step (1) Mesichthyes habitat requires according to river ecological functional localization and protective plan relating to stream
Territory or section paddle building engineering construction comprehensive development and utilization need the supporting protection of fish resources require to be determined；Described
Bounds is according to the aquatic ecosystem integrity of river Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream and hydraulic connection is actual is determined.
Described step (2) Mesichthyes resource situation includes fish fauna composition, resource abundance, protection requirement, ecological habit,
And the habitats distribution position in Fish spawning ground, feeding ground and wintering ground and scale situation；Described water movement and Energy distribution
Feature situation includes the water movement characteristic index situation of flow velocity, Floyd's algorithm and Reynolds number, and energy loss, kinetic energy gradient
Flow energy characteristic index situation；Described feature Fish refer to divide treasure closely-related, shielded with Habitat for Fish
Dilute, in imminent danger and Endemic fish；The described HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor refers to and feature Fish life habit, feeding habit, reproductive habit
The closely-related hydrodynamic force factor.
Described step (3) Zhong Jun uniform flow district refers to longitudinal section of river certain distance each section water body mean flow along journey
The region that speed distribution is close, on the contrary it is non-uniform flow district；Described recirculating zone refers to the region, section of current convolution in river course；Described
Rapids zone refers to when the depth of water is less than critical depth of water, the Floyd's algorithm water flow spaces more than 1；Described area of slack water refers to when the depth of water is more than
Critical depth of water, the Floyd's algorithm water flow spaces less than 1；Described laminar region refers to that current are laminar flow, and the particle of each layer is the most not
Blending, current make orderly, the region of regular flowing；Described turbulent region refers to that current are irregular turbulent fluctuation, the matter between fluid layer
The mutual blending of point, current make unordered, the irregular random region flowed；Described highly energy-consuming district refers to that river Mesichthyes motion is wanted
The moving resistance of opposing is bigger, the region that the energy of consumption is higher, otherwise for low power consuming district；Described fluidised form disorder district refers to river
The region that stream Mesichthyes motion energy variable quantity is bigger, in this region, flow-shape is unordered, instead without fixing Changing Pattern and disorder
For fluidised form meadow.
Described step (5) is repaired class measure and refers to river connectedness reparation, river, river gesture and experiment material and reparation, river
Artificial reconstructed suitable habitat in Habitat for Fish reparation, river course in road, fish migration passage are repaired, ecological revetment and Hu Tanying
Make, river secondary channel habitat reparation and Reconstruction Measure；Described scheduling class measure refers to river ecological scheduling, Tao River ecological flow
Amount ensures, regime of river multiformity is built, artificial flood peak stimulate lay eggs, the network of waterways and branch of a river optimal water allocation measure；Described scientific research class
Measure refers to the research of Habitat for Fish Influencing Mechanism, Habitat for Fish monitoring and investigation, protective measure recruitment evaluation measure.
Basin based on hydrodynamic condition or section Habitat for Fish protection achievement quantization characteristic in described step (6)
Index is: river system connectedness, habitat type multiformity, substitute and reproduce habitat accounting, ecological flow coverage ratio, river
Stream fluidised form multiformity and protective measure coverage rate.
Described step river system connectedness refer to the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream in river in bounds, the seriality of upstream and downstream current and
The connection situation of water system；Described habitat type multiformity refers to that bounds inland river drains off the class of all kinds of Habitat for Fish in tributary
Type enriches degree situation；Described replacement substitutes habitat with reproducing Fish in habitat accounting refers to bounds and reproduces river, habitat
Segment length accounts for the ratio of bounds Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream section total length；Described ecological flow coverage ratio refers to reaching in bounds
The release Tao River of standard-required of ecological flow accounts for the ratio of bounds Tao River total length；Described regime of river is various
Property refers to non-uniform flow in bounds, refluxes, flows slowly and the regime of river type of turbulent flow enriches degree situation；Described protection is arranged
Execute Habitat for Fish protective measure all types of in coverage rate refers to bounds to implement to relate to section and account for bounds Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream
The ratio of section total length.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention is based on water movement index, flow energy index two types HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor condition requirement
Under, according to Habitat for Fish protection domain subregion, degree of protection classification, the division principle of protection classifying content, plan from source
With deploy the reparation of river fishes habitat, scheduling and research work requirement, fill up and perfect China's river fishes perched
Ground protection theoretical and technological studies system, and dwell for planning technology maturation, protected effect Fish preferable and convenient to operate, that implement
Breath ground protects example place mat theoretical and technical foundation, it is achieved that the win-win of social benefit, economic benefit and environmental benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 described method flow block diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Further describe technical scheme below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but claimed scope is not limited to institute
State.
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of Habitat for Fish division methods based on hydrodynamic condition of the present invention, including as follows
Step:
(1) determine that Habitat for Fish divides bounds: should be different according to river basins globality or section locality
Habitat for Fish protection requirement, determines that basin or section Habitat for Fish divide the bounds relating to river Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream.Fish
Habitat protection requirement should be according to river ecological functional localization and protective plan to relating to basin or paddle building engineering in section
The comprehensive development and utilizations such as construction need the supporting protection of fish resources to require to be determined；Bounds should be according to river Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream
Aquatic ecosystem integrity and hydraulic connection is actual is determined.
(2) feature Fish and the HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor are determined: stock of fish situation, the current that should investigate in bounds are transported
Dynamic with energy-distributing feature situation, and determine feature Fish in bounds according to investigation achievement, and closely-related with it
The HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor.Stock of fish situation should include fish fauna composition, resource abundance, protection requirement, ecological habit, and
The situations such as the important habitats distribution position such as Fish spawning ground, feeding ground, wintering ground and scale；Water movement and energy-distributing feature
Situation should include the water movement characteristic index situations such as flow velocity, Floyd's algorithm, Reynolds number, and energy loss, kinetic energy gradient etc.
Flow energy characteristic index situation；Feature Fish refer to Habitat for Fish divide closely-related, shielded rare, in imminent danger and
Endemic fish；The HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor is and the closely-related hydrodynamic(al)s such as feature Fish life habit, feeding habit, reproductive habit
The power factor.
(3) Habitat for Fish is given subregion: should according to the feature Fish space distribution situation in bounds, in conjunction with
Waters, the feature Fish place closely-related HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor, carries out fish habitat from space layout angle to bounds
The subregion on ground, hydrodynamic condition the Habitat for Fish divisional type divided is generally: divide according to water movement indicator conditions
" equal uniform flow district, non-uniform flow district ", " recirculating zone, following current district ", " rapids zone, area of slack water ", " laminar region, turbulent region "；According to
" highly energy-consuming district, the low power consuming district " that flow energy indicator conditions divides, " fluidised form disorder district, fluidised form meadow ".All uniform flow districts are
Refer to the region that each section water body mean velocity profile is close along journey, longitudinal section of river certain distance, otherwise be non-uniform flow
District；Institute recirculating zone refers to the region, section of current convolution in river course, such as backwater whirlpool, backwater gulf, backwater a small bay in a river etc.；Rapids zone refers to work as
The depth of water is less than critical depth of water, the Floyd's algorithm water flow spaces more than 1, and main feature shows as when current run into barrier, only
Cause the water surface change of local, and this change is the most upstream propagated；Area of slack water refers to when the depth of water is more than critical depth of water, not your moral
The number water flow spaces less than 1, main feature shows as when current run into barrier, and barrier can be upstream to the interference of current
Propagate, cause the depth rise of upstream；Laminar region refers to that current are laminar flow, the not blending mutually of the particle of each layer, and current work has
The region of flowing sequence, regular, occurs when flow velocity is less and Reynolds number is less, and main feature shows as order；Turbulent flow
District refers to that current are irregular turbulent fluctuation, the mutual blending of particle between fluid layer, and current make unordered, the irregular random district flowed
Territory, occurs when flow velocity is relatively big and Reynolds number is bigger, and main feature shows as randomness, randomness, has rotation property, mixed type；High
Power consumption district refers to that river Mesichthyes motion moving resistance to be resisted is bigger, the region that the energy of consumption is higher, otherwise is low
Power consumption district；Fluidised form disorder district refers to the region that river Mesichthyes motion energy variable quantity is bigger, and in this region, flow-shape is without solid
Determine Changing Pattern and disorder is unordered, otherwise be fluidised form meadow.
(4) Habitat for Fish is given classification: should according to river ecological functional localization and protective plan to border in the range of
The protection requirement of feature Fish, requires to give according to degree of protection rank to the Habitat for Fish of divisional type each in the range of border
Classification, Habitat for Fish protection hierarchical type is generally: particularly severe rank, strict level, general rank.Particularly severe rank
Refer to the at county level and above rare Endemic fish nature reserve area such as national, provincial level, city-level, Fish Germplasm Resources protection zone,
Its Habitat for Fish protection related work requires should be according to " Regulations on the Nature Protec tion Regions of the People's Re public of China " to nature reserve area
Core space, relief area, test block correspondence requirement, and " Fish Germplasm Resources protection zone management Tentative Measures " is to Aquatic product kind matter
The core space of conservation, test block correspondence require to be strictly enforced；Strict level refers to according to provincial, city-level, at county level
Protection of fish resources relevant laws and regulations, to each divisional type Habitat for Fish protection phase in relating to basin or section bounds
Close work and give supporting requirement；General rank refers to according to river Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream, upstream and downstream ecological environment holistic health sustainable
Development need, gives supporting to each divisional type Habitat for Fish protection related work in relating to basin or section bounds
Requirement.
(5) Habitat for Fish protective measure is classified: should be according to Habitat for Fish subregion, classification feelings in bounds
Condition, and combine actual with waters, the feature Fish place closely-related HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor, each subregion class in bounds
In the Habitat for Fish protection domain of type, according to corresponding protection level requirement, plan, dispose and improve science, reasonable, operability
Strong all types of Habitat for Fish protective measure systems, Habitat for Fish protective measure type is generally: repair class measure, scheduling
Class measure, scientific research class measure.Repair class measure be primarily referred to as river connectedness repair, river, river gesture and experiment material and reparation,
Artificial reconstructed suitable habitat in Habitat for Fish reparation, river course in river course, fish migration passage are repaired, ecological revetment and Hu Tan
The measures such as construction, the reparation of river secondary channel habitat and reconstruction；Scheduling class measure is primarily referred to as river ecological scheduling, Tao River life
State flow ensures, regime of river multiformity is built, artificial flood peak stimulate lay eggs, the measure such as the network of waterways and branch of a river optimal water allocation；Scientific research
Class measure is primarily referred to as the research of Habitat for Fish Influencing Mechanism, Habitat for Fish monitoring and investigation, protective measure recruitment evaluation etc.
Measure.
(6) Habitat for Fish protection is given quantitatively evaluating: should dwell according to bounds Nei Ge district, Fish at different levels, all kinds of
The planning of breath ground protective measure system and deployment scenario, watershed or the quantization characteristic of section Habitat for Fish protection achievement
Index is evaluated, using as river Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream, the scientific basis of upstream and downstream ecological environment holistic health evaluation of sustainable development,
Basin based on hydrodynamic condition or section Habitat for Fish protection achievement quantization characteristic index are generally: river system is even
The general character, habitat type multiformity, substitute and reproduce habitat accounting, ecological flow coverage ratio, regime of river multiformity, protection
Measure coverage rate etc..River system connectedness refers to the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream in river in bounds, the seriality of upstream and downstream current and water
The connection situation of system；Habitat type multiformity refer to bounds inland river drain off all kinds of Habitat for Fish in tributary type enrich
Degree situation；Substitute and reproduce Fish replacement habitat in habitat accounting refers to bounds and account for limit with reproducing section, habitat length
The ratio of scope Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream section, boundary total length；Ecological flow coverage ratio refers to that the ecological flow that reaches in bounds is released mark
The Tao River of alignment request accounts for the ratio of bounds Tao River total length；Regime of river multiformity is non-in referring to bounds
All uniform flow, reflux, flow slowly, the regime of river type such as turbulent flow enriches degree situation；In protective measure coverage rate refers to bounds
All types of Habitat for Fish protective measures is implemented to relate to section and is accounted for the ratio of bounds Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream section total length.
Claims (7)
1. a Habitat for Fish division methods based on hydrodynamic condition, it is characterised in that: comprise the steps:
(1) determine that Habitat for Fish divides bounds: dwell according to the Fish that river basins globality or section locality are different
The protection requirement of breath ground, determines that basin or section Habitat for Fish divide the bounds relating to river Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream；
(2) feature Fish and the HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor are determined: investigate stock of fish situation, water movement and the energy in bounds
Amount distribution characteristics situation, and determine feature Fish in bounds, and hydrodynamic force closely-related with it according to investigation achievement
Characterization factor；
(3) Habitat for Fish is given subregion: according to the feature Fish space distribution situation in bounds, in conjunction with feature fish
Waters, the class place closely-related HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor, carries out Habitat for Fish from space layout angle to bounds and divides
District, wherein, hydrodynamic condition the Habitat for Fish divisional type divided is: according to water movement indicator conditions divide uniform
Stream district, non-uniform flow district, recirculating zone, following current district, rapids zone, area of slack water, laminar region and turbulent region；According to flow energy index bar
Highly energy-consuming district, low power consuming district, fluidised form disorder district and the fluidised form meadow that part divides；
(4) Habitat for Fish is given classification: according to river ecological functional localization with protective plan to feature fish in the range of border
The protection requirement of class, requires to give classification according to degree of protection rank to the Habitat for Fish of divisional type each in the range of border；
(5) Habitat for Fish protective measure is classified: according to Habitat for Fish subregion, classification situation in bounds, and
In conjunction with actual with waters, the feature Fish place closely-related HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor, the fish of each divisional type in bounds
In class habitat protection domain, according to corresponding protection level requirement, plan, dispose and improve science, rationally, strong operability each
Type Habitat for Fish protective measure system, wherein, Habitat for Fish protective measure type is: repair class measure, scheduling class is arranged
Execute and scientific research class measure；
(6) Habitat for Fish protection is given quantitatively evaluating: protect according to bounds Nei Ge district, Habitat for Fish at different levels, all kinds of
Protect planning and the deployment scenario of Measure Systems, protect achievement based on hydrodynamic condition watershed or section Habitat for Fish
Quantization characteristic index is evaluated, using as river Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream, upstream and downstream ecological environment holistic health evaluation of sustainable development
Scientific basis.
A kind of Habitat for Fish division methods based on hydrodynamic condition the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
State the protection of step (1) Mesichthyes habitat to require to relate to relating to basin or section with protective plan according to river ecological functional localization
The comprehensive development and utilization of water buildings engineering construction needs the supporting protection of fish resources to require to be determined；Described bounds root
According to river Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream aquatic ecosystem integrity and hydraulic connection is actual is determined.
A kind of Habitat for Fish division methods based on hydrodynamic condition the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
State step (2) Mesichthyes resource situation and include fish fauna composition, resource abundance, protection requirement, ecological habit, and Fish produce
The habitats distribution position in ovum field, feeding ground and wintering ground and scale situation；Described water movement and energy-distributing feature situation bag
Include the water movement characteristic index situation of flow velocity, Floyd's algorithm and Reynolds number, and energy loss, the flow energy of kinetic energy gradient
Characteristic index situation；Described feature Fish refer to divide closely-related, shielded rare, in imminent danger and special with Habitat for Fish
There are Fish；The described HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor refers to and feature Fish life habit, feeding habit, the closely-related water of reproductive habit
Dynamic factor.
A kind of Habitat for Fish division methods based on hydrodynamic condition the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
State step (3) Zhong Jun uniform flow district and refer to that longitudinal section of river certain distance each section water body mean velocity profile along journey is close
Region, otherwise be non-uniform flow district；Described recirculating zone refers to the region, section of current convolution in river course；Described rapids zone refers to
When the depth of water is less than critical depth of water, the Floyd's algorithm water flow spaces more than 1；Described area of slack water refers to when the depth of water is more than critical depth of water,
The Floyd's algorithm water flow spaces less than 1；Described laminar region refers to that current are laminar flow, the not blending mutually of the particle of each layer, current
Make orderly, the region of regular flowing；Described turbulent region refers to that current are irregular turbulent fluctuation, and the particle between fluid layer is the most mixed
Mixing, current make unordered, the irregular random region flowed；Described highly energy-consuming district refers to the shifting that river Mesichthyes motion is to be resisted
Dynamic resistance is bigger, the region that the energy of consumption is higher, otherwise for low power consuming district；Described fluidised form disorder district refers to river Mesichthyes
The region that motion energy variable quantity is bigger, in this region, flow-shape is unordered without fixing Changing Pattern and disorder, otherwise is fluidised form
Meadow.
A kind of Habitat for Fish division methods based on hydrodynamic condition the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Reparation class measure in step (5) of stating refers to that river connectedness reparation, river, river gesture are dwelt with Fish in experiment material and reparation, river course
Breath ground repairs, artificial reconstructed suitable habitat, fish migration passage reparation, ecological revetment and protect that beach is built, river props up in river course
Branch of a river habitat is repaired and Reconstruction Measure；Described scheduling class measure refers to river ecological scheduling, the guarantee of Tao River ecological flow, river
Stream fluidised form multiformity is built, artificial flood peak stimulate lay eggs, the network of waterways and branch of a river optimal water allocation measure；Described scientific research class measure refers to fish
The research of class habitat Influencing Mechanism, Habitat for Fish monitoring and investigation, protective measure recruitment evaluation measure.
A kind of Habitat for Fish division methods based on hydrodynamic condition the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating basin based on hydrodynamic condition or section Habitat for Fish protection achievement quantization characteristic index in step (6) is: river
Streaming system connectedness, habitat type multiformity, substitute with to reproduce habitat accounting, ecological flow coverage ratio, regime of river many
Sample and protective measure coverage rate.
A kind of Habitat for Fish division methods based on hydrodynamic condition the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: institute
State step river system connectedness and refer to the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream in river in bounds, the seriality of upstream and downstream current and connecting of water system
Situation；Described habitat type multiformity refers to that the drain off type of all kinds of Habitat for Fish in tributary of bounds inland river enriches degree
Situation；Described replacement accounts for limit with reproducing Fish replacement habitat in habitat accounting refers to bounds with reproducing section, habitat length
The ratio of scope Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream section, boundary total length；Described ecological flow coverage ratio refers to that the ecological flow that reaches in bounds is let out
The Tao River putting standard-required accounts for the ratio of bounds Tao River total length；Described regime of river multiformity refers to border
In the range of non-uniform flow, reflux, flow slowly and the regime of river type of turbulent flow enriches degree situation；Described protective measure coverage rate is
Habitat for Fish protective measures all types of in referring to bounds is implemented to relate to section and is accounted for bounds Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream section total length
Ratio.
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