CN108562435B - Double-meshing measurement calibration method for 90-degree crossed-axis angle small-modulus bevel gear pair - Google Patents

Double-meshing measurement calibration method for 90-degree crossed-axis angle small-modulus bevel gear pair Download PDF

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CN108562435B
CN108562435B CN201810080581.2A CN201810080581A CN108562435B CN 108562435 B CN108562435 B CN 108562435B CN 201810080581 A CN201810080581 A CN 201810080581A CN 108562435 B CN108562435 B CN 108562435B
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axis
calibration
calibration block
bevel gear
shaft
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CN108562435A (en
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汤洁
叶勇
张雨
石照耀
张临涛
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Beijing University of Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00Testing of machine parts
    • G01M13/02Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
    • G01M13/021Gearings

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Abstract

The invention discloses a double-meshing measurement calibration method for a 90-degree crossed-angle small-modulus bevel gear pair, and belongs to the technical field of precision testing technology, instruments and mechanical transmission. Firstly, customizing a calibration block according to a theoretical installation position to be calibrated; then, the calibration block is installed on the corresponding shaft, the position of the shaft is adjusted, the calibration block is attached to the other shaft bus line, namely, the calibration of the installation position of one shaft is completed, and the calibration of the installation positions of the two shafts can be completed by repeating the operation on the other shaft. The method has the characteristics of simple and convenient operation, high precision and high speed, and is suitable for calibrating the installation position of the bevel gear with the crossed axis angle of 90 degrees when double-sided meshing measurement is carried out.

Description

一种90°轴交角小模数锥齿轮副双啮测量校准方法A method of measuring and calibrating double meshing of small modulus bevel gear pair with 90° axis intersection angle

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及精密测试技术与仪器领域,具体是一种90°轴交角小模数锥齿轮副双啮测量校准方法。The invention relates to the field of precision testing technology and instruments, in particular to a method for measuring and calibrating double meshing of a small-modulus bevel gear pair with a 90° axis intersection angle.

背景技术Background technique

锥齿轮传动是齿轮传动的一个重要组成部分,因其具有载荷平均、传动平稳、振动小、噪声低等特点,在汽车、工程机械、机床、航空、船舶等行业中得到广泛的应用。Bevel gear transmission is an important part of gear transmission. Because of its characteristics of average load, stable transmission, low vibration and low noise, it is widely used in automobiles, construction machinery, machine tools, aviation, ships and other industries.

同时,随着仪器小型化的发展,小模数锥齿轮的需求量也不断增加,企业对于小模数锥齿轮的快速测量也有很大的需求。目前,大多数企业采用双面啮合的方式对小模数锥齿轮进行快速测量。At the same time, with the development of miniaturization of instruments, the demand for small-module bevel gears is also increasing, and enterprises also have a great demand for rapid measurement of small-module bevel gears. At present, most companies use the double-sided meshing method to quickly measure small-module bevel gears.

采用双面啮合方式对锥齿轮进行测量之前,需要对其安装的位置进行校准,尽可能减少安装位置误差对后续测量结果产生的影响。此处提及的安装位置是指锥齿轮在安装到轴上之后,其定位基准面到两锥齿轮分锥顶点重合点的距离。如何快速、准确的校准小模数锥齿轮的安装位置是锥齿轮测量仪快速、准确测量的关键。Before measuring the bevel gear by the double-sided meshing method, the installation position needs to be calibrated to minimize the influence of the installation position error on the subsequent measurement results. The installation position mentioned here refers to the distance from the positioning reference plane of the bevel gear to the coincidence point of the sub-cone vertices of the two bevel gears after the bevel gear is installed on the shaft. How to quickly and accurately calibrate the installation position of the small modulus bevel gear is the key to the fast and accurate measurement of the bevel gear measuring instrument.

传统的校准方式主要是采用塞量块的方式,但小模数锥齿轮的尺寸较小,安装位置的距离也较小,采取传统的方式,操作起来比较困难,精度也很难保证。The traditional calibration method mainly adopts the method of plug gauge, but the size of the small module bevel gear is small, and the distance of the installation position is also small. The traditional method is difficult to operate and difficult to guarantee the accuracy.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

为解决背景技术中提出的技术问题,本发明提出了一种轴交角为90°的小模数锥齿轮副双啮测量校准方法,通过在相互垂直的两个锥齿轮的轴上更换校准块,微调两轴所在的移动平台,达到校准安装位置的目的。In order to solve the technical problem raised in the background art, the present invention proposes a small-module bevel gear pair double meshing measurement and calibration method with an axis intersection angle of 90°. Fine-tune the mobile platform where the two axes are located to achieve the purpose of calibrating the installation position.

本发明采取如下的手段实现:The present invention adopts the following means to realize:

1)根据校准位置的距离要求,定制两个校准块,第一校准块、第二校准块;1) According to the distance requirements of the calibration position, customize two calibration blocks, the first calibration block and the second calibration block;

2)将需要校准安装位置的锥齿轮副的两个轴,第一轴、第二轴,粗调到大致位置;2) Roughly adjust the two shafts of the bevel gear pair whose installation position needs to be calibrated, the first shaft and the second shaft, to their approximate positions;

3)先校准第一轴的位置:将第一校准块安装在第一轴上,第二轴固定,调整第一轴的位置,使第一校准块的端面与第二轴的一条母线贴合,此时,锁紧第一轴,即可校准第一轴的位置,并将第一轴侧面的光栅尺调零;3) First calibrate the position of the first axis: install the first calibration block on the first axis, fix the second axis, adjust the position of the first axis, and make the end face of the first calibration block fit with a bus bar of the second axis , at this time, lock the first axis to calibrate the position of the first axis and zero the grating ruler on the side of the first axis;

4)再校准第二轴的位置:将第二校准块安装在第二轴上,第一轴位置此时已经固定,调整第二轴位置,使第二校准块的端面与第一轴的一条母线贴合,此时,锁紧第二轴,,即可校准第二轴的位置,并将第二轴侧面的光栅尺调零。4) Re-calibrate the position of the second axis: Install the second calibration block on the second axis, and the position of the first axis has been fixed at this time. Adjust the position of the second axis so that the end face of the second calibration block is in line with the first axis. The busbar is attached. At this time, lock the second axis to calibrate the position of the second axis and zero the grating scale on the side of the second axis.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1锥齿轮副理论安装位置Figure 1 Theoretical installation position of the bevel gear pair

图2第一轴安装位置校准简图,其中(a)为第一次安装图,(b)为第二次安装图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the calibration of the installation position of the first shaft, in which (a) is the first installation diagram, and (b) is the second installation diagram.

图3第一轴安装位置校准三维实体设计图Figure 3 3D solid design drawing of the first axis installation position calibration

图4第二轴安装位置校准简图Figure 4. Sketch map of the calibration of the installation position of the second shaft

图5第二轴安装位置校准三维实体设计图Figure 5. 3D solid design drawing for the calibration of the installation position of the second axis

图中:1.第一锥齿轮,2.第一轴,3.第二锥齿轮,4.第二轴,5.第一光栅尺,6.线性导轨,7.第一校准块,8.第二光栅尺,9.微动平台,10.线性导轨,11.第二校准块。In the figure: 1. The first bevel gear, 2. The first shaft, 3. The second bevel gear, 4. The second shaft, 5. The first grating ruler, 6. The linear guide, 7. The first calibration block, 8. Second grating ruler, 9. Micro-moving platform, 10. Linear guide rail, 11. Second calibration block.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清晰,以下结合附图和三维实体设计对本发明做进一步说明。附图和三维实体设计说明用于解释本发明。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and three-dimensional solid design. The drawings and three-dimensional solid design illustrations are used to explain the invention.

本发明的具体实施步骤如下:The specific implementation steps of the present invention are as follows:

第一步:确定轴交角为90°的锥齿轮的理论安装位置,如图1所示,分别为L1、L2Step 1: Determine the theoretical installation position of the bevel gear with the shaft intersection angle of 90°, as shown in Figure 1, which are L 1 and L 2 respectively.

第二步:根据L1、L2以及安装锥齿轮副的两轴的半径R1、R2确定校准块的厚度分别为:第一校准块(第二校准块)。Step 2: Determine the thickness of the calibration block according to L 1 , L 2 and the radii R 1 and R 2 of the two shafts on which the bevel gear pair is installed: the first calibration block (the second calibration block).

第三步:将锥齿轮的两个安装轴粗调到大致安装位置。Step 3: Roughly adjust the two installation shafts of the bevel gear to the approximate installation position.

第四步:先校准第一轴的位置,参照图2所示,将第一校准块安装在第一轴上,第二轴先固定起来。调节第一轴下端的线性导轨,使得第一校准块的端面与第二轴的母线贴合,此时,锁紧第一轴,并把第一轴侧面的第一光栅尺示数清零,第一轴的安装位置校准完成。Step 4: First calibrate the position of the first axis, as shown in Figure 2, install the first calibration block on the first axis, and fix the second axis first. Adjust the linear guide at the lower end of the first shaft so that the end face of the first calibration block fits the busbar of the second shaft. At this time, lock the first shaft and clear the first grating scale on the side of the first shaft to zero. The calibration of the installation position of the first axis is completed.

第五步:移动微动平台,将第二轴与第一校准块脱离,并取下第一轴上的第一校准块。Step 5: Move the micro-movement platform, disengage the second axis from the first calibration block, and remove the first calibration block on the first axis.

第六步:校准第二轴的位置:将第二校准块安装在第二轴上,并将第二轴与第一轴靠近,调整微动平台,使得第二校准块的端面与第一轴的母线贴合,此时,停止微动平台的的移动,将第二光栅尺示数清零,第二轴的安装位置校准完成。Step 6: Calibrate the position of the second axis: Install the second calibration block on the second axis, move the second axis close to the first axis, and adjust the micro-movement platform so that the end face of the second calibration block is in line with the first axis At this time, stop the movement of the micro-movement platform, clear the second grating ruler to zero, and complete the calibration of the installation position of the second axis.

第七步:移动微动平台,将第二校准块取下,把被测锥齿轮副分别安装到第一轴、第二轴上,并固定,微调微动平台,使得第二光栅尺的示数再次为零,此时,锥齿轮副的安装位置校准完成,可以开始测量。Step 7: Move the micro-movement platform, remove the second calibration block, install the measured bevel gear pair on the first axis and the second axis respectively, and fix it, and fine-tune the micro-moving platform so that the display of the second grating ruler is The number is zero again. At this time, the calibration of the installation position of the bevel gear pair is completed, and the measurement can be started.

Claims (1)

1.一种轴交角为90°的锥齿轮副安装位置校准方法,其特征在于:根据所需的锥齿轮副理论安装距位置,定制两个校准块,将校准块分别安装在对应的轴上,微调轴的位置,使得校准块与另一轴的母线贴合,便可校准一轴的安装位置,更换校准块,重复操作,即可校准另一轴的安装位置;1. A method for calibrating the installation position of a bevel gear pair with an axis intersection angle of 90° is characterized in that: according to the required theoretical installation distance position of the bevel gear pair, two calibration blocks are customized, and the calibration blocks are respectively installed on the corresponding shafts , Fine-tune the position of the shaft so that the calibration block fits the busbar of the other axis, and the installation position of one axis can be calibrated, replace the calibration block, and repeat the operation to calibrate the installation position of the other axis; 1)根据校准位置的距离要求,定制两个校准块,第一校准块、第二校准块;1) According to the distance requirements of the calibration position, customize two calibration blocks, the first calibration block and the second calibration block; 2)将需要校准安装位置的锥齿轮副的两个轴,第一轴、第二轴,粗调到大致位置;2) Roughly adjust the two shafts of the bevel gear pair whose installation position needs to be calibrated, the first shaft and the second shaft, to their approximate positions; 3)先校准第一轴的位置:将第一校准块安装在第一轴上,第二轴固定,调整第一轴的位置,使第一校准块的端面与第二轴的一条母线贴合,此时,锁紧第一轴,即可校准第一轴的位置,并将第一轴侧面的光栅尺调零;3) First calibrate the position of the first axis: install the first calibration block on the first axis, fix the second axis, adjust the position of the first axis, and make the end face of the first calibration block fit with a bus bar of the second axis , at this time, lock the first axis to calibrate the position of the first axis and zero the grating ruler on the side of the first axis; 4)再校准第二轴的位置:将第二校准块安装在第二轴上,第一轴位置此时已经固定,调整第二轴位置,使第二校准块的端面与第一轴的一条母线贴合,此时,锁紧第二轴,即可校准第二轴的位置,并将第二轴侧面的光栅尺调零;4) Re-calibrate the position of the second axis: Install the second calibration block on the second axis, and the position of the first axis has been fixed at this time. Adjust the position of the second axis so that the end face of the second calibration block is in line with the first axis. The busbar is attached. At this time, lock the second axis to calibrate the position of the second axis and zero the grating scale on the side of the second axis; 本方法的具体实施步骤如下:The specific implementation steps of this method are as follows: 第一步:确定轴交角为90°的锥齿轮的理论安装位置,分别为L1、L2Step 1: Determine the theoretical installation positions of the bevel gears with a shaft intersection angle of 90°, which are L 1 and L 2 ; 第二步:根据L1、L2以及安装锥齿轮副的两轴的半径R1、R2确定校准块的厚度分别为:第一校准块第二校准块;Step 2: Determine the thickness of the calibration block according to L 1 , L 2 and the radii R 1 and R 2 of the two shafts on which the bevel gear pair is installed: the first calibration block and the second calibration block; 第三步:将锥齿轮的两个安装轴粗调到大致安装位置;Step 3: Roughly adjust the two installation shafts of the bevel gear to the approximate installation position; 第四步:先校准第一轴的位置,将第一校准块安装在第一轴上,第二轴先固定起来;调节第一轴下端的线性导轨,使得第一校准块的端面与第二轴的母线贴合,此时,锁紧第一轴,并把第一轴侧面的第一光栅尺示数清零,第一轴的安装位置校准完成;Step 4: First calibrate the position of the first axis, install the first calibration block on the first axis, and fix the second axis first; adjust the linear guide at the lower end of the first axis so that the end face of the first calibration block and the second The busbars of the shafts are in contact. At this time, lock the first shaft and clear the first grating scale on the side of the first shaft to zero, and the calibration of the installation position of the first shaft is completed; 第五步:移动微动平台,将第二轴与第一校准块脱离,并取下第一轴上的第一校准块;Step 5: Move the micro-movement platform, disengage the second axis from the first calibration block, and remove the first calibration block on the first axis; 第六步:校准第二轴的位置:将第二校准块安装在第二轴上,并将第二轴与第一轴靠近,调整微动平台,使得第二校准块的端面与第一轴的母线贴合,此时,停止微动平台的的移动,将第二光栅尺示数清零,第二轴的安装位置校准完成;Step 6: Calibrate the position of the second axis: Install the second calibration block on the second axis, move the second axis close to the first axis, and adjust the micro-movement platform so that the end face of the second calibration block is in line with the first axis At this time, stop the movement of the micro-movement platform, clear the second grating ruler to zero, and complete the calibration of the installation position of the second axis; 第七步:移动微动平台,将第二校准块取下,把被测锥齿轮副分别安装到第一轴、第二轴上,并固定,微调微动平台,使得第二光栅尺的示数再次为零,此时,锥齿轮副的安装位置校准完成,开始测量。Step 7: Move the micro-movement platform, remove the second calibration block, install the measured bevel gear pair on the first axis and the second axis respectively, and fix it, and fine-tune the micro-moving platform so that the display of the second grating ruler is The number is zero again. At this time, the calibration of the installation position of the bevel gear pair is completed, and the measurement is started.
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